IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


1.1 


talis 

■  JO     "^^ 


■25 
2.2 


2.0 


1.8 


|125 

1  i.4    1  1.6 

< 

6"     

^ 

Ta 


$% 


f 


%^  V^  > 


%  ^y 


/ 


y 


'/ 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  MS80 

(716)  873-4503 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Cantidian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notas/Notas  tachniquaa  at  bibliographiquaa 


Tha  Inatituta  haa  anamptad  to  obtain  tha  baat 
originf '.  copy  available  for  filming.  Faaturaa  of  thia 
copy  which  may  ba  bibliographically  uniqua. 
which  may  altar  any  of  tha  imagaa  in  tho 
raproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


□    Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


r~n    Covers  damiaged/ 


n 


D 
D 

□ 


n 


0 


Couverture  endommagie 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurie  at/ou  palliculAe 


I — I    Cover  title  miaaing/ 


La  titre  de  couverture  manque 


□    Coloured  mapa/ 
Cartas  giographiquaa  en  couleur 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encra  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


Coloured  plataa  and/or  illustrationa/ 
Planches  at/ou  illuatrations  en  couleur        ; 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relii  avac  d'autrea  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  serrie  paut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distorsion  !•  long  d«  la  marge  intirioure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanchea  ajouties 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissant  dana  la  texta. 
mais.  lorsque  cela  ttait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  M  filmies. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm*  ie  meilleur  examplaira 
qu'il  lui  a  tti  possible  da  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaira  qi^i  sont  paut-Atre  uniquas  du 
point  de  vue  bibliocsraphique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
una  image  reproduJte,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  una 
modification  dans  la  mithoda  normale  da  filmaga 
sont  indiqute  ci-d«ssous. 


□   Coloured  psiges/ 
Pagea  de  couleur 

SPagea  daniaged/ 
Pagea  andommag^as 

n~1    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 


D 

D 


^;^v-. 


Pages  restaurAes  at/ou  palliculies 

Pagea  diacolourad,  stained  or  foxei 
Pages  dicoiories,  tachaties  ou  piquies 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ditachtes 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 


fy]    Pagea  diacolourad,  stained  or  foxed/ 
I      I    Pages  detached/ 
Fyl    Showthrough/ 


I      I    Quality  of  print  varies/ 


Qualiti  inigala  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprand  du  material  suppiimantaira 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Mition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc..  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Lea  pagea  totalament  ou  partiallement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  una  pelura, 
etc.,  ont  ixt  filmtes  A  nouvaau  da  fa^on  it 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentairas  supplimantairas; 


Wrinkled  pagat  may  film  slightly  out  of  focus. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqui  ci-deaaous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

1 

/ 

12X 

1§X 

20X 

24X 

28X 

32X 

tails 

du      : 
Ddifier 

una 
maga 


Th«  copy  filmad  here  has  b—n  raproducad  thanks 
to  tha  ganarosity  of: 

Harold  C?  lipball  Vaiighan  Mamorial  Library 
Ac&dii  UnUarsity 

Tha  imagas  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  bast  quaSity 
possibia  considaring  tha  condition  and  iagibiiity 
of  tha  original  copy  and  in  Itaaping  with  tha 
filming  contract  spacifications. 


L'axampiaira  fiimA  fut  raprodult  grAca  A  la 
gAnArositA  da: 

Harold  Campball  Vaughan  Mamorial  Library 
Acadia  Univaraity 

Las  imagas  suivantas  ont  M  raproduitas  avac  la 
plus  grand  soin,  compta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattatt  da  l'axampiaira  fiimA,  at  an 
conformity  avac  las  conditions  du  contrat  da 
filmaga. 


Original  copias  in  printad  papar  covars  ara  filmad 
baginning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  last  paga  with  a  printad  or  illustratad  impras- 
sion,  or  tha  bacic  covar  whan  appropriata.  All 
othar  original  copias  ara  filmad  baginning  on  tha 
first  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  impras- 
sion,  and  anding  on  tha  last  paga  with  a  printad 
or  illustratad  imprassion. 


Laa  axamplairas  originaux  dont  la  couvartura  an 
papiar  ast  imprimte  sont  filmto  an  commanpant 
par  la  pramiar  plat  at  9n  tarminant  soit  par  la 
darniAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'impraaaion  ou  d'iliustration.  soit  par  la  sacond 
plat,  salon  la  cas.  Tous  las  autras  axamplairas 
originaux  sont  filmAs  an  commanpant  par  la 
pramiAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'imprassion  ou  d'iliustration  at  an  tarminant  par 
la  darnlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  talla 
amprainta. 


Tha  last  racordad  frama  on  aach  microficha 
shall  contain  tha  symbol  — »>  (moaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  symbol  V  (moaning  "END"), 
whichavar  applias. 


Un  das  symbolaa  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
darnlAra  imaga  da  chaqua  microficha,  salon  la 
cas:  la  symbols  — »-  signifia  "A  SUiVRE",  la 
symbols  ▼  signifia  "FIN". 


Maps,  platas.  charts,  ate,  may  ba  filmad  at 
diffarant  raduction  ratios.  Thosa  too  larga  to  ba 
antiraly  includad  in  ona  axposura  ara  filmad 
baginning  in  tha  uppar  iaft  hand  cornar,  iaft  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  framas  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmAs  A  des  taux  da  rMuction  diff^rants. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  soul  ciichA,  11  est  fiimA  A  partir 
da  I'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  an  baa,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nAcessaire.  Las  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mAthode. 


rata 
o 


telure, 
I  it 


J 


32X 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

mi 


m-'a 


A 
■■■£-'     BZITdmT        Ih'v 

P^IXIP'S  WAR, 

QOMMOHX.T  OALI.KD 

AVB  1676. 


it  ^ripft  yiUMrofi  otNiO  imdiah  wabs  at  thx  saivwaeik 
tir  1«lt,  te90,  Ifis,  r699|  Mr»  tK^ 


Bt  THOMAS  CmmCH.  Ss«. 


.<ir  1^1 


rAKTICOLAi    aSO^Ii^T    Of    THK    BAVAdfO    fiOOH^iq^ 

Aii]>  #»  Mtili  or  THji  PRiNciFAt  rcBSOifr 
]CN«40i:]>  Iff  TSipsx  WAI19. 

AN  APPENMX^    *  -t 


of  tin  lB£iiMj.jUMl  th^ttiMt  iuipb^iM  !ii« 


ix 


Br  tAHCW^*  Gi  DiUKS. 


■  •■  ■"■.-. ■.■  -  i.ij.  iiiiiSmj  fidfU'iiji  11111(11  .ill 


TitiiMltiii1l<iiyii*riwMiii«  lif  nw  flilMnnhonM  nnt  In  ihriotui 
l^kNriOQs  «ii|]^  eimni'd  th«r  UMb  at  iul;..................OAMMnM» 


E^lCETElt,  N.  H. 

FTnUJiHED  BY  J.  &  B.  WILLIAMS. 


:,*,,  .■,.t:';*i' 


f 


\ 


■^ 


Wjpfmm 


«^  ^^'  '*  IOb^' 


..iiiHtf^b 


^    ^^!5^' 


^     "l-i« 


■&' 


ft 


".S-:  ri\ 


SUmiOT  OF  liAfl0ACHI78BTT8— TO  wrrt 
^  :       ^*      INtlrifl  €»cr  Jk*«  <tfk«. 

B«Jff»ftMaiasitSD^^nkatMtiMeigikth<i«yofJwn^^ 
(L.  iL)  18f7,  i«  tlie  fily-arat  year  of  tlie  Ind^Mndenie  of  th«  tJmtM 
8utM  of  AnMrioa,  SmwmI  O.  Drake,  of  the  nid  Dutriet,  haa 
4qMM  n  tkw  e«ee  the  tit^  e€  a  Book,  Iherii^t  vthereof  he  cUioM  m 
|N«*Nler  in  thewwde  fbnei#tiif,TdwiT: 

''The  Bietorf  of  PhiUp's  WMSrwewnwhr  ealled  the  Cbea  liMUu  War 
^IIRSaviil  im  AIm,  of  the  Freoeh  and  IndiaaWifft^  the  Eaakward, 
fmim,imO»  m$,\m,nd  irOi.  Tw  Thotaaa  C»i«a^i  E^-aim  M- 
I  oiMeB  ttt  ttttniiB  UMi  aittij^^ 
liy  efihe  latafad  Goan%»  ainl  tip|bNMiof  the^^^p^  peraont 
~  thoae  waiii.  Alae*  aa^ppmiit^'ibiitaiiiiuMj;  iui  aeeoimt  of  the 
of  tM  VTatii^  %  thai  ettltjM^efent,  ih»iettleawiit  of  N. 
Siuriaod  vy  the  Fore&thera,  Oe  Peouot  War,  aaMativee  of jMraona  earn* 
fllaieeiplinty,  aneedotee  dT  the  Indiaiib,  and  the  liiait  unportant  late 
MAaH  Ware  to  the  time  of  die  Oi«^  War.  Bf  BimttA  0#  Prake.  Aa- 
fliiid.&li|te»withplaiei.  \.- ■:.:,.', -f.  Y--^-: 
..  3F|fcnintaiypled  aichiefeieirtii of  ewftthepi  rtwuM  not  hafegp^tten* 

■-..^  ...  ■  -  -'-■■"■.  w^imtsm. 

yljat  wars  th^  '^*i»  ^<r^  m«*>  ^"^  daiAfera  past  ^      t    <    : 
What  ^Mwa  e«i|dre«e^M  their  toih;  at  hat»  CSqMiMiw.** 


iM^dvii«thetiorta  iNfMBlii  faeii^i^ieA:*^  and  a|M  to  aft  A^  eetttled 
"m  AajawpplMawtary  ta  f»  AirtjmtM.  In  Act  ftr  die  Aieoarpfe- 
mam ^uSam, W aeeoriipire^plea of Bfapa,  Ohartaaad Bed? to 

m  JtHMW  lirftwriaWef  eipA  Ow^  Mnt  the  %Me  Jhereia 


THE  EDITOR'S  PREFACE. 


•:\';:t    • 


Himc^s  History of'**Km^  Philip^t  Wvt^f*  Ae. 
was  first  jmblished  at  Boston,  m  1716,  in  quiftor  It 
was  i«piuiti^  in  iNewportv  in  1772,  inoctavo»»I  hftve 
never  BiPII^'lill^  a^eic^  of  the  first  edttiott,  ll^mlg^ 
I  copy  firom  the  si^j^nd.  This  is  now:  very  sf|pi|iiit' 
and  rarely  to  be  met  withV  It  is  however  pr^seirved 
in  some  private  libraries  in  the  old  colony*  in  the  4^^ 
ntitim  tit  Boston,  and  other  liteisry  institntions  tbero 
and  elsewhere;  ' 

^  tl^lamentid>le  manner  in  whickfiiilehiniOII  in. 
his  History  of  MnssachiiBetts  passed  over  $iif^  Ii^d^in 
wiirsj  causes  us  much  re^t^  and  a  desiiv  to  ^i$ck 
atiiveiir  tMnJi  that  ^^  P^^  ^^T,  light  nj^^lliem. ,  He 
is  particular  inTretfitnajif  th^  witctafiw^ 
lony^  biit  when  we  h<^  Allowed  hisn  into  J^Eii||p 
w#,  being  led  at  &st  #ith  iiilfiresti]  -^  «^-  - 
he  sl#s'  m^rt  and  si^s,  *<  it  4s  iioi  mif 
into  every  minute  circumstance  of  tne  fwar 
ctees  not't^  «s  why*  TMu  is  the  mon?  t< 
inented,  as  his  means  were  niore  ample  for  sucn^s^ 
to^thancannowbehad;^        :  , 

ui  1825  I  published  a  small  odt^on  of  tlus  history, 
containing  howe^r  but  few  addilloM:|o  Ih^  ^^ 
wMch  being  immediately  tdien  iiq>i  occHf^^mil  m 
ear^  appearance  of  this.  In  an  ea|r)y  ,pej^if4T^  ^^ 
desmned  to  publish  the  work.as  it  now  iqpfKMf^'^^^-r^A.c-" 
co»£i^ly  many  valuable  papers  an4  rare  w^tls  ^i^ 
been  collected,  but  n<^  ^sed  in  the  first  edpti^V 


V 


V 


•accoiiiit  of  the  raacnituae  and  early  proi 


f  th^ 


The  papers  had  been  much  forwarded  previouf  to 
the  Courtetreet  fire,  of  10  November,  1826,  in  the 
tine  ol  which  a  trunk  wai  stolen,  containing  many 
of  t^i4ittWfiMigita8,adlatii«  partifMla^1^tf  the 
biograpJiy  of  the  principal  persons  that  ilgtired  in 
the  Indisji  wars.  These  in  many  instances  I  could 
not  restore,  which  is  vesyjaudl  rej|;retted;  though 
not  more  than  my  want  of  infotmatiun  on  subjects 
in  general.  But  a  consciousness  is  felt,  that  some? 
thiSb  thoiijlh  small,  is  redeemed  from  otiAiviony  wbichl 
wAl  be  ^MMigfat  valuable  by  posterity. 

'Of  ittch  gentlemen  as  have  had  the  q[^rtumiie« 
ofaKaayifeaw  to  examine  the  history  of  otu^  codntrr* 
toMber  with  every  advantage  fiom  aecesato  all  pub- 
1^  and  private  documents,  I  have  every  indulgence 
toadc« 

In  r^aid  to  the  accurate  performance  of  the  work^ 
I  can  only  observe,  that  a  scrupulous  regard  to 
aeeitffliey  Iwa  been  paid  $  yel,.  errours  may  have 
b#lii  committed!  but  m  no  case  inadvertently.  And 
aaottr  most  authentiokhisVMrians  have  failed  in  many 
9(  thfiiepiHttts, perfection  wiJi  not  be  exacted  in  nm.. 

t^aame  iimalg^ice^^^  of  literal 

eittliirs,  as  for  otiier«,  is  solicited^  though  the  excuse 
,  for  mifih  cannot  be  so  good ;  but  if  every  thin|;*be^uiid 
siBipto,and  easy  to  be  oiiderstood,  my  chief  aim  ia 
adil^enBd.  For  so  "  all  bistorieal  memoirs  (says  %« 
C^OIian)  shOttld  be  written^"  In  a  number  of  pari^ 
rdlin  I  have  deviated  firom  common  usage ;  but  in 
none  without  good  reasonsi  and  tome  satisfactory. 
Ap^iiiE^  iiMtance  it  is  observedj  that  compound  nanles 
or^#($^  in  general,  are  written  UN  simple  names. 
FtMr  titii  deviation  from  general  custom,*  no  apology 
Wt^  be  expected  of  me^  as  it  has  been  proved  to  be, 
Jiilerable  by  a  writer  of  great  eminence^* 

•  Ml  Btriow,  fiKi.  S^  his  Cdlumbiad,  ptia^  W^Y 
IMlM^pliii,  4to. 

svtv-.-  ■  >■  ■ 


TBI  UXTOini  mVAOB. 

In  (ftrMctiiig  tlie  ttii^mKperttaonB  wordf  are 
timet  left  out;  liiit  thii  [^  ngB  ii  iolMtilntadi  iad 
tlie  woid  or  woidi  oomtedaraffifeiib^tbolBdiigitt 
included  by  the  rame  nuurlu.  When  «  woid^ie  it^ 
iBied,  it  ii  eko  inclosed  ii|  htmkeilSBi  wmtiim  HMMl 
^ren  in  the  nMurgin  as  it  stood  in  the  origiiwl,  waM 
tpeluded  m  the  same  wav. «  All  woidt,  pieauned  Id 
1^  %anting,  are  inserted  between  bradbeta  irithovt 
caferente  to  themargin,  and  aro  by  the  praaent  e^tor^ 
All  notes  included  Jby  the  parenthesia  Were  by  tiNl 
Ibrmer  editor,  and  attached  to^  the  old  ei^om 

I  should  take  it^as  agreat  kinA^as,  should  alMf 
||iferson  comnmntcatO'  to  me  anir  information  where  n 
IS  presumed  to  be  wantis^  in  die  notea^ttillila  wfiiif^ 
or  point  outany  erronurt  in^wfaatisalreaof  done^tfaal 
ftiture  editions  may  be  more  perfect. 

It  being  the  particular  design  of  thia  edition  ta^ 
render  it  umform  and  consii^ont  with  lespecl  tbjir- 
cangementand  *^originalitT"  of  expressioni  few  UIh 
erties  have  been  taken  with  thfr«oalq»Ositi«MB  f  fear  ttNt 
deed,  unless  pointed  out  as  sAx»¥e  expvelwelt.  Hi 
some  instances  hoiloyer,  some  cionnective  partlel|f . 
have  been 'dropped  and  the  signs  omifled.  Butii 
iKr  h  cases  what  is  oimtted  was  superAaoiaa  tanfi^ainri 
'iWi^fore  the  reader  ln%  be  assured  tkait  ilia  taoili 
citmectly  copied.  Ffoln  th<e  piiMeiil'a|ipeiirah0e  o^ 
the  won,  its  fomier ,  ea«ieeaH(  oa^pomoft  ia.  iaei 
easily  dilcove|ad ;  vet  it  m  some  consolation,  that  In- 
nmnerabie  eii^nrs  hate  been  detected,  Imd  k^^ral^ 
ly^  iaaamuch  as  Uie  dedgn6f  the  aii^je<it  wow  a^iit. 

|t  was  thought  idtisable  to  acisompany  ll^  work 
with  an  Appendix^hereicat^nathii^  new,  or  of  later 
date  nught  be  ^n,  as^onng  para^Jj^i^rii^ 
ptefernew  things  to  old.    It  waa  rk^eir  dg^^ 
inake  the  selef^tion  for  this  i^ttt^  not  foiWint  6f  nli^ 
terfais,  but  because  they  were  so  nuiii|arona|  imA0 
niany  8««m  to  dcperve  the  ^^aine  ati^1^0|.   IK^ 
articles  are  authentick,  and  IsnnteM^g,  |l  ||^  p^ 
anmed,  as  can  be  found. 


v 


TJU^Ep\Tp^\H^V^^^i^. 


xkifi 


4fMb 
BiMnphT 

llfWMfllUlll 


A«t^ 


Ai*criM 


of  llMMohllMtta 


Ki?:{JK3££ 


HhU.Hm.BM.9oc 
Jiit.OoLN.T.Hiil.8oc. 
MUM.  C«l  lt»w>>Mpi>h> 
~'it.C<i|.N,H.HiiL8M!. 

iw|>hr«jt>WorIw 

HMlik  0.  A. 

\  of  IttdiM  Wan 


NcwcMWid^  MeBMtkl 


riivriitkrolKiit  K. 

IW«n  «  If tWH^IUM. 


H 


J*  BclluMp 


K<  twyt 

#.  KotertNa 

T.  HateU|M«w 

0.  E.  Mioot 

1.  t.  BouMa 

H.  A&aa 

MofMfcPhrUi 
J.  BaUnuip 
W.  Bulf 
flUPrwiil 

R.  WMlUBMNI 


WStreprBr 


W^ 


^£^ 


B.TMMl»dl 

8.  Winiitet 


VtoMcrlilloon 


1^.  B«iMhi«Ta 

0.  IMllMr 
W.  UHUMird 
J.  DM 
N.  llortM 
Wumn  kMoon 
W.Jha^m 

1.  OwrJr 
mM.  B.  Oakf 

8.  PMAallow 


BtMtoa 
Baniqnl  '' 

Sakm 


Batloo 
BAMinort 


BoM6h' 

OhvlMtOMra 

PhikliBoftoii 

Burlinrton 

BomMf 

Nfwjrbrk 

0«ai»rd  ' 

Cooeprd 

KewToilr 

Brattlcfeoro. 


Ncmxnrt 
BimIob. 

iSCioli 

Bottoii 


All 


1704, 17M 
119 


!8} 


ITSS 
.     1W4 

1812.  rats 

1114 

I787,.1TM 

i«ia 


ft«wil78l    9ft 
1811  to  14 

itn.a,4 

^'    1804 

*•«?    ,    . 

1814    r 

1M« 
1772 
IMS 

'3 

I 
1 


■WrlTV) 


I^  «d4ition  to  the  above  list,  muof  worlf^s  have 
be^  coii8u|ted«  but  th0  aMistso^ce  Mm  ^ein  liiufj 
beea  soii^er.    Someof  the  mos^i^^rtai^weH^ 
bards  History  of  Newengland^Stiles*  Histo^  bf^tiie 
Jii^^  Whitney's  Ifiitory  of  1||prce|iter,  and  the 


tfi8tQriei.of  severitl  of  lh^  southern  states.    Tlie  iiree 
j^  r^e  ™^  of  ey;^auth,r>  work.  i.  amply,«.- 


o^iecUfed  in  the  notes.  Reference  is  made, to  s^e 
^^^of  Works  in  preference  to  the  first^oi 
ifi  jthey  inre  more  unifbrm,  but  because  they  tiriti 
be  ofteher  met  with.    But  in  most  cases  sucfii 

.   'K:..-    '         .   --;;       ,  ■■■    ?       ■■■»■-■■ 


THE  EDITOR'S  PREFACE. 


yi\ 


have  been  compared  with  the  originals.  To  two 
wor]|p  in  particular,  it  was  thought  most  adviaaUe : 
namely,  Penhallow's  "Wars  of  N.  Engtand,"  and 
Prince's  Annals.-  The  first  of  these  is  now  reprinted 
ia,t|ie  I,  Voir  ol  tine  N.  SrHiat,  Spo.  CoU,  wJii^h, 
thbuffh  not  so  perfect  as  it  might  hfiye  b)ecn»  ifi»  on  tht 
whole,  a  work  to  be  prized.  A  handsome  edition  in 
octavo  of  the  valuable.A|HMtl8  was  published  lait 
year,  by  Messrs.  Cunmiings,  Hilliard,  and  Company* 
Boston.  Though  this  is  not'erck:^^  reprinted,  yet,  no- 
thing is  altered,  thc^l  I.  hayf^met  witl^,  but  for  the  bet* 
ter ;  and,,  excepting  a  few  typographical  erroitra,  if 
splendidly  exc^t^; 

Having  alreiidy;drawnoutmy  preface  to  too  great 
a  lengthy  the  whole  is  submitted  without  any  apolo- 
gy. And  the  publisher  takes  this  opportunity  of 
^ifi(pg  hiswgirateful  r^pectf  to^nllhis  pjfttroiui,  a|p| 
with  pleai^ure  subscribes  himself^  their  miicb  pbuged 


and  smcere  friend. 


JSAMUJSli.G.  DRAKE. 


Boiion,  i  JamuHryf  18iV. 


^ 


h- 


[The  following  ii  an  exact  copy  of  tlie  title  pafe 
of  the  old  edition.] 


ENTERTAINING 

HISTORY 

•V  or- 

KINC^  PHILIP'S  WAR, 

WHICH  BBOAN  19   THB  MONTH  OF  aUMB,   1676. 
A»  ALIO  or 

EXPEDITIONS 

MORE  LATIUiY  MA]>£ 
AttAlirST   THB  COUMOir  BNBMT,  AMD  IMDIAK   RBBBLf,  IN 
BAfTBBir   PARTS  OF   MBW-BNOLAMD : 

WITH  80NB   AOCOVHT   OF  THB   DITIIfB   PBOVIDBITOB 

TOWABJM 

COL.  BENJAMIN  CHURCH: 

Bt  THOMAS  CHURCH,  Es^.  ^ls  son. 


,*■■  '• 


SECOND  EDITION.    ^5' 


BOSTON  :  PRINTED,  1716. 

VawrOBT,  RHODB-ISLAMD  t  BBFBIK^^  ^^^  *<>U»  BT 
90L»M0M  SOUTHWIOK,  IN  «VBBN-S7»BBV,  I77t. 


•.rs 


TO  THE  READER. 


J.  HB  rabject  of  thii  following  narrative,  oflfering  it* 
lelf  to  yoar  friendly  peruial,  relates  to  the  former  and 
later  wari  of  Newengland,  whteh  I  myielf  was  not  a 
little  concerned  in:  For  in  tiie  year  1676,  thatunhi^my 
and  bloody  Indian  war  broke  out  in  Plymovth  cofe- 
nr,  where  I  was  then  building,  and  bej^inning  a 
plantation,  at  a  place  called  b^  the  Indians,  £>g^ 
konate,  and  lince,  by  the  Englibh,  Little  Compton. 
I  was  the  first  Englishman  that  built  upon  that  neck) 
which  was  full  of  Indians.  My  head  and  hands  were 
foil  about  settling  a  new  plantation,  where  nothing 
was  brought  to;  no  preparation  of  dwelling  house,  or 
outhouses,  or  fencing  made;  horses  and  cattle  were 
to  be  provided,  ground  to  be  cleared  and  broken  up; 
and  the  utmost  caution  to  be  used,  to  keep  myself 
free  from  offending  my  Indian  neighbours  all  round 
about  me.  While  I  was  thus  busily  employed,  and 
all  my  time  and  strength  laid  out  in  this  laborious^ 
undertaking,  I  received  a  conunission  from  the  go- 
vernment to  engage  in  their  defence :  And  with  my 
commission  I  received  another  heart,  inclining  me 
to  put  forth  my  strength  in  military  service :  And 
through  the  grace  of  God  I  was  spirited  ibr  that 
work,  and  direction  in  it  was  renewed4o  me  day  by 
day.  And  although  many  of  the  actions  that  I  was 
concerned  in  were  very  difficult  and  danfferous^  yel, 
inyself,  and  thosetifrho  went  with  me  vmuntarily  m 
m  service^  had  our  lives,  for  the  moat  part,  wobom- 
fiilly  preserved  by  the  overruling  hand  of  the  Al- 
mi|^ty  from  first  to  lait  ^  which  doth  aloud  bespe^ 
our  praises:  And  to  declare  bis  wonderfUl  works  10 
our  mdispensable  duty. 


TO  THE  READER. 


L 


I  wiw  ever  very  sensible  of  my  own  littleness,  and 
unfitness  to  be  employed  in  such  great  services.  But 
calling  to  mind  tliat  God  is  strong,  I  endeavoured 
to  put  all  my  confidence  in  him,  and  by  his  Almighty 
power,  was  carried  through  every  difllicult  action; 
and  my  desire  is,  that  his  name  may  have  the  praise. 

It  was  ever  my  intent,  having  laid  myself  under  a 
solemn  promise,  that  the  many  and  repeated  favours 
of  God  to  myself  and  those  with  me  in  the  service 
might  be  puolished  for  generations  to  come.  And 
now  my  ereat  age  requinhg  my  dismission  from  ser- 
vice in  uie  militia,  and  to  put  off  my  armour,  I  am 
willing  that  the  great  and  glorious  works  of  Almighty 
God,  to  us,  children  of  men,  should  appear  to  the 
world :  And  having  my  minutes  by  me,  my  son  has 
taken  the  care  aiid  pains  to  collect  from  them  the  en- 
suing liarrative  of  many  passages  relating  to  the 
former  and  latter  wars ;  which  I  have  had  the  perusal 
of,  and  find  nothing  amiss,  as  to  the  truth  of  it^  and 
with  as  little  reflection  upOn  any  particular  person^ 
as  might  be,  either  alive  or  dead. 

And  seeing  every  particle  of  historical  truth  is 
precioust,  I  hope  the  reader  will  pass  a  favourable 
censure  upon  an  old  soldier,  telling  of  the  many  ren- 
^ counters  he  has  had,  and  yet  is  come  off  alive. 

It  is  a  pleasure  to  remember  what  a  great  number 
of  families,  in  this  and  the  neighbouring  provinces, 
in  Newengland,  did,  during  the  war,  enjoy  a  great 
measure  of  liberty  and  peace  by  the  hazardous  sta- 
tions and  marches  of  those  engaged  in  military  exer- 
cises; who  were  a  wall  unto  them  on  this  side  and 
on  that  side. 

I  desire  prayers,  that  I  may  be  enabled  well  to 
accomplish  my  spiritiial  warfare,^  and  that  I  may  be 
more  th<m  conqueror  through  Jesus  Christ's  loving 

ll^>^t^f^^  *it<>i>:<i«*r    BENJAMIN  CHURCH*"' 


■w*0mm>-^: 


•   \it,  •,  ^t  .  -t, r  < 


1 '■'.WItWWi.'B' 


M^^INfM 


-««>«rrfA,«4 


;\-l'^. 


•  .-(•i'.^.," 


■■:-iy 


THE  LIFE  OF  COL.   CHURCH.* 


OLONEL  Benjamin  Church  was  born  in  1639,  at 
Duxbury,  near  Plymouth,  of  reputable  parents,  who 
lived  and  died  there.  His  father's  name  was  Joseph, 
who,  with  two  of  his  brethren,  came  early  iato  New- 
england,  as  refugees  from  the  religious  oppression 
of  the  parent  state.  Mr.  Joseph  Church,  among  other 
children,  had  three  sons,  Joseph,  Caleb,  and  Benja- 
min. Caleb  settled  at  Watertown,  the  other  two  at 
Seconet,  or  Little  Compton.  Benjamin,  the  hero 
of  this  history,  was  of  a  good  stature,  his  body  well 
proportioned,  and  built  for  hardiness  and  activity. 
Although  he  was  very  corpulent  and  heavy  in  the 
latter  part  of  his  life,  yet,  when  he  was  a  yoipig  man 
he  was  not  sO ;  being  ttien  active,  sprightly  and 
vigorous.  He  carried  dignity  in  his  countenance 
— ^thought  and  acted  with  a  rational  and  manly  judg- 
ment— ^which,  joined  with  a  naturally  generous,  obli- 
ging and  hospitable  disposition,  procured  him  both 
authority  and  esteem.  He  married  Mrs.  Alice  South- 
worth,  by  whom  he  had  a  daughter,  Mrs.  Rothbotham, 
and  five  sons,  viz.,  Thomas  Church,  the  author  or 
publisher  of  this  history,  and  father  of  the  honourable 
Thomas  Church,  Esq.,  now  living  in  Little  Compton ; 
Constant  Church  a  Captain  under  his  father  in  the 
eastern  expedition,  and  in  the  militia;  and  of  a  mili- 

*  The  life  of  Church  was  not  added  to  the  first  edition.*  - 
But  to  the.  second  it  was,  and  was  the  last  article  in  the 
book;  excepting  a  Latin  ode  of  one  pase,  which  is  now  omit- 
ted. This  life  containing  some  prefatory  remarks,  it  was 
thought  proper  to  place  it  at  the  beginning  of  the  work.  It 
was  judged  best  to  omit  the  above  mentioned  Latin  ode  to 
give  place  to  more  interesting  articles.  What  follows  y^fjn 
placed  at  the  head  of  the  page.  Ode  Heroiea  (a  nepote 
Heroia  componta)  Biographim  preusedefUi  d\ffigend^  tif. 


XII 


LIFE  OF  COL.  r-HURCH. 


rr. 


i-    ' 


"r-" 


i  • 


tary  and  enterprising  spirit  y  Jenjamin  Church,  whb 
*died  a  bachelor ;  Edward  Chiirch,1^  whose  only  son 
no#livi«|^,  if  Deacon  Benjamin  Churchf  of  Boston, 
who  furnishes  these  memoirs  of  the  family ;  and 
Charles  Church,  who  had  a  numerous  issue. 

Colonel  Church  was  a  man  of  intesrity,  justice,  and 
liprigfatness,  of  piety  and  serious  religion.t  He  was 
«  member  of  the  church  of  Bristol  at  its  roundation, 
intheReT.  Mr.  Lee's^  day.  He  was  constant  and  de- 
vout in  family  worship,  wherein  he  read  and  often  ex- 
pounded the  scriptures  to  his  household.  He  was  ex- 
emplary in  observing  the  Sabbath,  and  in  attending 
the  worship  and  ordinance^  of  God  in  the  sanctuary. 
He  lived  regularly,  and  left  an  example  worthy  of 

*  He  was  alao  a  Captain  under  his  father  in  the  last  eastern 
expedition. 

t  Probably  the  same  whose  name  is  found  associated  with 
the  venerable  James  Otis,  Samuel  Adams,  Joseph  Wak- 
ABir,  and  others,  as  a  "  Committee  of  correspondence"  in  the 
memorable  revolution,  and  to  which  he  probably  belonged 
when  he  wrote  this  account  of  the  family.  See  American 
AnnalSj  II,  800.  Also  the  standing  which  he  appears  to  have 
maintained  ambng  the  fraternity  of  Masons^  speaks  his  emi- 
nence. 

iWhat  is  here  said  of  the  Colonel,  is  placed  kfter  his  son 
Edward, "by  a  writer  in  Farmer  and  Moore's  Collections; 
where  this  accounf  appears  to  be  copied.  It  must  be  an  er^ 
rour  in  the  copyist,  and  on^,  too,  wbich  it  required  some  pains 
to  commit ;  not  but  thafthe  son  (for  aug^ht  i  know)  deserved 
as  high  encomiums,  but  we  have  no  right  to  bestow  such 
iqnm  the  son,  at  the  father's  expense.  But  thus  much  were  it 
intentional. 

$Rev.  Samuel  Lee,  the  first  minister  of  Bristol,  R.  I.  Hf 
was  bom  in  London,  1635,  came  to  this  country  in  1686 ; 
but  in  two  or  three  years  came  to  the  conclusion  to  return  to 
his  native  country.  Before  he  sailed,  he  told  his  wife  thai : 
he  had  discovered  a  star,  which,  according  to  the  laws  of  J^ 
trology,  presaged  captivity,  which  unfortunately  came  to 
pass.  He  salted  in  1691,  and  in  his  passage  was  taken  by 
th»  French,  and  carried  into  France,  where  he  died  the 
«ain«year.  See  Allen's  Biog.  381.  Dr.  C.  Mather  repro^i' 
ieii|»mm  as  possessing  very  extraordinary  learning.  See 
MafpMiUa  Christi  Americana,  I,  648. .    . 


^i„jrJ!?^is-;-'"*^;. 


^■wwnr.^ii.iiHHilipKmniijiiHU.jii.n    m^/K-m>iLfn*'w~._ 


LIFE  OF  COL.  CHURCH. 


xii^ 


"Ml 


the  imitation  of  his  posterity.  He  was  a  friend  to  the 
civil  and  religious  liberties  of  his  country,  and  great- 
Iv  rejoiced  in  the  revolution.*  He  was  Colonel  6f 
the  militia  in  the  county  of  Bristol.  The  several 
offices  of  civil  and  military  tjust,  with  which  he  was 
entrusted  from  time  to  time,  through  a  long  life,  he 
discharged  with  fidelity  and  usefulness. 

The  war  of  1675,  was  the  most  important  Indian 
war,  that  Newengland  ever  saw.  Philip  or  Meta- 
cometf  (a  son  of  good  oldMASSASOIT,|  and  his  se- 
cond successor)  had  wrought  up  the  Indians  of  all  the 

tribes  through  Newengland,  into  a  dangerous  «om- 

I  I   ^j         •       1 1.      ■  I  I         111 

•  By  William  and  Mary. 

t  Though  the  chiefs  of  savage  nations  are  generally  called 
Kings,  yet  says  Smith,  they  "nave  no  such  cuniity  or  office 
among  them.*' '  Hist.  N.  Y.  197.  Philip,  at  different  periods 
of  hiftk  life,  was  known  hy  different  names,  as  at  nrst,  he 
was  clUled  Metacomet  or  Metacom.  See  Morton,  171, 
173.  This  celebrated  chief  has  been  called  by  some,  though 
wrongly  I  contend,  King  of  the  Narragansets.  He  "v^as 
King  or  chief  of  the  Wampanoags,  or  Pokanokets,  the  situa- 
tion of  whose  countr;^  will  be  described  in  my  first  note  to 
"  Philip's  War."  It  is  true  that'these  Indians  as  well  as  the 
Narragansets  themselves  inhabited  about  the  bay  of  that 
name^  but  they  had  their  King  as  well  as  the  Pokanokets, 
and  were  independent  of  each  other. 

Different  opinions  seem  to  have  prevailed  with  regard  to 
this  chief's  pedigree;  that  is,  whether  he  were  a  son  or 
grandson  of  Massassoit.  Prince  and  Trumbull  inform  us 
that  he  was  his  grandson;  Hutchinson  and  Belknap,  that  he 
was  his  son,  Why  these  respectable  authors  saw  cause  to 
differ^  and  not  inform  us,  is  not  tMj  to  tell.  These  are  not 
all  the  authors  on  each  side,  but  most  readers  are  apprised 
of  t&is,  no  doubt,  before  I  had  taken  this  trouble  to  inform 
them. 

i Prince,  in  his  text,  writes  Masassoit  ^  but  adds  this  note, 
he  printed  accounts  (generally  spell  him  Massasoit ;  Gov- 
ernour  Bradford  writes  him  Massasovt,  and  Massasoyet :  but 
I  find  the  ancient  people  from  their  fathers  in  Plymouth  col- 
ony, pronounce  his  name  Ma-sasHso-it.''  N.  E.  Chron.  l%lp 
Hpwcver,  the  most  preferable  way  seems  to  be  Massassoit. 
Some  account  of  the  life  of  this  constant  friend  df  the  Pil- 
grims will  be  found  in  the  course  of  this  history. 


XIY 


LIFE  OF  COL.  CHURCH. 


i  ^ 


'■\h 


bination  to  extirpate  the  English.  It  was  one  of 
the  last  works  of  the  commissioners  of  the  united 
eolonies,  (a  council  [in]  which  subsisted  the  great 
security  of  Neweiigland,  from  1643  to  1678)  to  break 
up  this  confederacy.  An  army  of  one  thousand  Eng- 
lish was  on  foot  at  once ^  under  the  command  of 
Govemour  Winslow.  Whoever  desires  further  in- 
formation concerning  this  war,  may  consuk  Mr.  Hub- 
bard's* history  of  it.  The  part  Colonel  Church 
acted  in  it  is  exhibited  in  this  plain  narrative,  given 
by  Ms  son,  two  years  before  his  father's  death. 
*  Colonel  Church  perfectly  understood  the  ^lanner 
of  the  Indians  in  fighting,  and  was  tlioroughly  ac- 
quainted with  their  haunts,  swamps,  and  places  of 
refuge,  on  the  territory  between  Narraganset  and 
cape  ^od.  There  he  was  particularly  successful; 
on  that  field  he  gathered  his  laurels.  The  su|prisal 
and  seiizure  of  Anna  won  was  an  act  of  true  bcndness 
and  heroism.  Had  the  eastern  Indians  been  sur- 
rounded with  English  settlements,  there  is-  reason  to 
think  that  he  would  have  been  more  successful  among 
them.  But  on  a  long  and  extended  frontier,  open 
to  immense  deserts,  little  more  has  ever  been  done 
by  troops  of  undoubted  courage,  than  to  arouse  and 
drive  off  the  Indians  into  a  wide  howling  wilderness, 

•  Mr.  William  Hubbard,  minister  of  Ipswich,  the  best  his- 
torian in  Newengland,  of  the  age,  unless  we  except  Mr. 
Prince.  The  truth  of  which  his  works  abundantly  prove, 
-Althouflrh  some  labour  has  been  done  to  detract  from  liim 
some  of  his  justly  acquired  fame,  yet^^.it  does  and  ever  will 
cemain  unimpaired.  This  would  be  true  had  he  rever  writ- 
ten any  thine  but  his  Narraijive.  To  his  *•  Hislory  of  New- 
england," Mather  is  chiefly  indebted  for  what  is  correct  in 
his  rcsnowned  book  of  jareons,  the  Magnalia  Cbristi  Ameri- 
cana. See  president  Allen's  Biog.  Dictionary.  H«died 
Sept.  1704,  ag^ed  83  years.  Gov.  Hutchinson  remarks  on  tlhe 
character  of  him,  that  "  he  was  a  man  of  learning,  of  a  candid 
and  benevolent  mind,  accompanied,  as-  it  generally  is,  with 
a  good  degree  of  catholidsm  ;  which,  t  think,  was  n'vt  ap' 
counted  the  most  valuable  part  of  his  character  in  the  afe  m 
which  he  lived  »    Hist.  Mass.  II,  186. 


■%^w. 


/  iiFE  OF  COL.  CHURCH. 


XV 


t  was  one  of 
f  the  united 
ed  the  great 
578)  to  break 
lousand  Eng- 
command  of 
;s  further  in- 
jjjfMr,  Hub- 
onel  Church 
rative,  given 
death. 

I  the  inanner 

►roughly  ac- 

d  places  of 

aganset  and 

successful ; 

'he  sujjprisal 

rue  boldness 

\s  been  sur- 

is-  reason  to 

ssful  among 

antler,  open 

been  done 

arouse  and 

wilderness, 


where  it  was  as  much  in  vain  to  seek  them,  as  for 
Caesar  to  seek  the  Gauls  in  the  Hircinian  forests. 

The  present  edition^  of  this  history  is  given  without 
alteration  in  the  body  of  it;  being  thought  best  to 
let  it  go  down  to  posterity,  (like  the  Periplita  of  Han- 
fU>f)  with  its  own  internal  marks  of  origmality.  How- 
ever the  editor  in  the  margin  hath  given  the  English 
names  of  places  described  by  Indian  names  in  the 
narrative;,  and  also  some  few  notes  and  illustra- 
tions. 

After  Philip's  war  Colonel  Church  settled ;  and 
at  first  at  Bristol,  then  at  Fallriver,  (Troy)  lastly  at 
Seconet.  At  each  of  which  places  he  acquired, 
and  left  a  large  estate.  Having  served  his  genera- 
tion faithfully,  by  the  will  of  God  he  fell  asleep,  and 
was  gathered  unto  his  fathers.  He  died  and  was  bu- 
ried at  Little  Compton. 

'S^  morning  before  his  death,  he  went  about  two 
miles  Oil  horse  back  to  visit  his  only  sister,  Mrs. 
Irish,  to  sympathise  with  her  on  the  death  of  her  only 
child.  After  a  friendly  and  pious  visit,  in  a  mov- 
ing and  affecting  manner,  he  took  his  leave  of  her, 
and  said,  it  was  a  last  farewell.  Telling  her,  [that] 
he  was  persuaded  he  should  never  see  her  more ; 
l>ut  hoped  to  meet  her  in  heaven.  Retiirning  home- 
;vard,  he  had  not  rode  above  half  a  mile,  before  his 
iiOrse  stumbled,  and  threw  him  over  his  head.  And 
the  Colonel  being  exceeding  fat  and  heavy,  fell  with 

*  The  edition  ftom  which  this  is  taken. 

t  Hanno  was  *<the  famous  Carthaginian,"  who  in  a  re- 
mote age  of  navigation,  made  a  voyage  into  the  Atlantick 
ocean,  and  "saile.d  seeking  for  thirty  days  the  western  partis,'* 
taking  his  departure  from  the  pillars  of  Hercules  ^straits  of 
Gibraltar.)  Hence  some  infer  that  he  must  have  aiscovered 
seme  parts  of  America,  because  Columbus  did  in  about  the 
same  length  of  time.  He  wrote  a  book  containing  an  ac- 
count of  his  discoveries,  which  he  entitled  Periplum  or  Peri- 
pl  IS.  See  a  work  lettered  <*  America  Known  to  the  An- 
c^ents,"  Dr.  Robertson's  Hist.  America,  I,  i.  Belknap's 
1  iog.  1, 16. 


■.-.«  ^^r 


■ff...- 


XVI 


LIFE  OF  COL.  CHURCH. 


such  force,  that  a  blood  vessel  was  broken,  and  tlie 
blood  'gashed  out  of  his  mouth  like  a  torrent.  His 
wife  was  soon  brought  to  him.  He  tried  but  was 
unable  to  speak  to  her,  and  died  in  about  twelve„ 
hours.  He  was  carried  to  the'grave  with  great  fune- 
ral poonp,  and  was  buried  under  arms,  and  with  mili- 
tary honours.  On  his  tomb  stone  is  this  inscrip- 
tion. 

^  HEBE   LIETH   INTEBBED   THE   BODY 
OF  THE   HONOURABLE 

COL.  BENJAMIN  CHURCH,  Es<i.f 

WHO  DEPARTED    THIS   LIFE, 

JANUARY  17th,   1717 18, 

IN   THE    78    YEAR   OF   HIS   AGE.* 

Aeiopoffvlprtt  8,  1772. 

*  **  High  in  Mtecm  among  the  great  haTitood ;  ^ 

His  wiadom  made  him  loyely,  great  and  good.  w 

Tho' he  be  aaid  to  die,  he  will  sonrire  ; 
Thro*  fature  time  his  memory  shall  liTe.".  . 

See  a po«m  called  "A  description  of  Pennsylvania,  Anno 
1799,"  bj  Thomas  Makin,  in  Frond's  Hist.  II,  961.  The 
above  thoush  applied  to  the  founder  of  that  province,  as  good, 
at  least,  is  aeserved  by  the  venerated  Church ;  who,  throiM^ 
the  fdai  intrigue,  and  low  caprice  of  office  seekers,  and  tne 
blind  seal  of  ambitious  bigots,  suffered  much,  both  as  to 
ftme  and  fortune,  in  his  time.  The  truth  of  this  remark  will 
Ailly  appear  in  the  ensuing  history. 


■:^- 


■  C^  ixpf* 


THB 


ENTERTAINING  HISTORY 


or 


PHILIP'S  WAH, 

WHICH    BBOAN    IN    THK    TBAR    1675.      WITH    THK    VftOOBBIH 

iNC^B  or 

.     BENJAMIN  CHURCH,  Esq.* 


JLn  tne  year  1674,  Mr.  Benjamin  Church  of  Duxbury, 
being  providentially  at  Plymouthf  in  the  time  of  the 

*  As  the  author  does  not  begin  with  the  causes  and  fint 
events  of  this  war,  it  may  be  proper  to  introduce  the  most 
important  hi^re.  His  intention  appears  to  have  been  to  give 
an  account  of  this  war,  so  far,  only,  as  his  father  was  engag- 
ed in  it,  as  himself  observes  in  another  place.  - 

Although  not  a  year  had  passed  since  the  settlement  Of 
Plymouth  without  some  difficulties  with  the  Indians,  I  will 
go  so  far  back,  onlj,  as  immediately  concerns  Philip's  War«  - 

After  the  close  of  the  Pequot  war,  in  1637,  it  was  conjec- 
tured by  the  English,  that  the  Narragansets  took  some  af- 
front on  account  of  the  division  of  the  captive  Pequots, 
among  themselves  and  the  Mohegans :  and  that  the  English 
showed  partiality.  These  tribes  had  assisted  in  the  con- 
quest of  the  Pequots,  and  were  in  a  lea^e  with  the  Eng- 
lish, and  each  other.  For  somejtime  the  rf  arragansets  prac- 
ticed secret  abuses  upon  the  Mohegans ;  ■  but  at  length  they 
were  so  open  in  their  insults,  that  complaints  were  made  to 
the  English,  whose  interest  it  was  to  preserve  peace  between 
them.  In  1643,  it  was  thought  that  they  were  plpttinjg  to 
cut  off  the  English.      They  so  pressed  upon  the  MohejK%^8, 


t  Some  authors,  both  ancient  and  modern  wrote  thkr  itord 
Plimouth,  but  custom  has  adopted  the  manner  as  used  in  the 
^ext.  2* 


"'.V»f 


18 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


court,  fell  into  acquaintance  with  Captain  John  Almy 
of  Rhodeisland.     Captain  Almy  with  great  impor- 

in  1645,  that  the  colonies  were  obliged  to  interfere  with  ^n 
armed  force. 

The  Wampanoags,  or  Pokanokets,  of  which  Philip  was 
King,  inhabited  the  tract  of  country  where  Bristol  now  is, 
then  called  Pokanoket,  thence  north  around  Mounthope  bay, 
thence  southerly,  including  the  country  of  considerable 
width,  to  Seconct.  At  the  head  of  this  tribe  was  Masiassoit, 
when  the  pilgrims  arrived  at  Plymouth,  who  always  lilved  in 
friendship  with  them.  He  had  two  sons,  who  were  called 
Alexander  and  Philip,  which  names  they  received  fr6m  Gov. 
Prince  of  Plymouth,  while  there  renewing  a  treaty,  proba- 
bly from  Philip  and  Alexander  of  Macedon.  Alexander  be- 
ing the  elder  assumed  the  power  on  the  death  of  his  father, 
and  it  was  soon  found  that  he  was  plotting  with  the  Narra- 

Sansets  against  the  English  ;  but  his  reien  was  short.  On 
eing  sent  for  to  answer  to  the  court  at  Plymouth,  to  certain 
allegations,  he  was  so  exasperated,  it  is  said,  that  he  fell  into 
a  fever,  and  died  before  he  reached  home.  This  was  about 
1657.  Philip  succeeded,  and  his  plottings  were  continual. 
But  he  frequently  renewed  treaties  and  affected  friendships 
until  1671,  when  he  made  a  loud  complaint  that  some  of  the 
Eng^lish  injured  his  land,  which  in  the  end  proved  to  be  false. 
A  meetins  was  held  at  Taunton,  not  long  after  in  conse- 

?uence  of  the  hostile  appearance  of  Philip's  men,  by  Gov. 
jrince  of  Plymouth,  and  deputies  from  Massachusetts.  Phi- 
lip was  sent  for  to  give  reasons  for  such  warlike  appearances. 
He  discovered  extreme  shyness,  and  for  some  time  would  not 
come  to  the  town,  and  then  with  a  large  band  of  his  warrionrs 
with  their  arms.  He  would  not  consent  to  go  into  the  meet- 
inghouse, where  the  delegates  were,  until  it  was  agreed  that 
his  men  i^ould  be  on  one  side  of  the  house,  and  the  English 
on  the  other.  On  being  questioned,  he  denied  having  any 
ill  designs  upon  the  Englisn,  and  said  that  he  eame  with  his 
men  armed  to  prevent  any  attacks  from  the  Narragansets  ; 
but  this  falsehood  was  at  once  detected,  and  it  was  evident 
that  they  were  united  in  their  operations.  It  was  also  prov- 
ed before  him,  that  he  had  meditated  an  attack  on  Taunton, 
which  he  confessed.  These  steps  so  confounded  him  that  he 
consented  to  deliver  all  hi9  arms  into  the  hands  of  the  Eng- 
lish as  an  indemnity  for  past  damages.  All  of  the  guns  whldi 
he  brought  with  him,  about  70,  were  delivered,  and  the  rest 
were  to  be  sent  in,  but  never  were.  What  would  have  been 
the  fate  of  Newengland  had  Philip's  warriours  possessed  those 
arms  in  the  war  that  ensued  ?  This  prevented  immediate 
war,  and  it  required  several  years  to  repair  their  loss.    PUl^ 


,' 


'Jmmtat^'^ 


PHILIP»S  WAR. 


19 


tuiiity  invited  him  to  ride  with  him  und  view  that  part 
of  Plymouth  colony  that  lay  next  to  Rhodoisland, 
known  then  by  their  Indian  names  of  Pocasset  and 
Sogkonate."*^  Among  other  arguments  to  persuade 
him,  he  told  liim  the  soil  was  very  rich,  and  the  situa- 
tion pleasant :  Persuades  him  by  all  means  to  pur- 
chase of  the  company  some  of  the  court  grant  rights. 
He  accepted  hii  invitation,  views  the  country  and  was 
pleased  with  it,  makes  a  purchase,  settled  a  farm, 
found  the  gentlemen  of  the  islandf  very  civil  and 
obliging.  And  being  himself  a  person  of  unconmion 
activity  and  industry,  he  soon  erected  two  buildings 
upon  his  farm,  and  gained  a  good  acquaintance  with 
the  natives ;  got  much  into  their  fkvour,  and  was 
in  a  little  time-  in  great  esteem  among  then[|.| 

The  next  spring  advancing,  while  Mr.  Church  was 
diligently  settling  his  new  farm,  stocking,  leasing  and 
disposing  of  his  affairs,  and  had  a  fine  prospect  of 
doing  no  small  things;  and  hoping  that  his  good  sue-, 
cess  would  be  inviting  unto  other  good  men  to  be- 
come his  neighbours :  Behold !  the  rumour  of  a  war 
between  the  English  and  the  natives^  gave  check  to 

was  industrious  to  do  this,  and,  at  the  same  time,  used  his 
endeavours  to  cause  other  tribes  to  engage  in  his  cause.  He 
was  not  ready  when  the  war  did  begin,  to  which,  in  some 
measure,  we  may  attribute  his  failure.  Three  of  his  men 
were  tried  and  hanged  for  the  alleged  murder  of  John  Sas^ 
i^amon,  whom  Philip  had  condemned  as  a  traitor.  It  so  exas- 
perated Philip  and  his  men  that  their  friends  should  be  pun- 
ished by  the  English,  that  they  could  no  longer  restrain  their 
violenr.e.  Thus  are  some  of  the  most  prominent  events 
sketched  which  led  to  this  bloody  war.  Tne  history  of  John 
Sassamon  or  Sausaman,  will  be  mund  in  a  succeeding  note. 

•  Pocassctj  now  Tiverton,  was  the  name  of  the  main  land 
against  the  north  part  of  Rhodeisland.  Sogkonate,  after- 
wards Seconet,  now  Little  Compton,  extends  from  Ft^lftnd 
ferry  to  the  sea  ;  in  length  between  7  and  8  miles. 

t  Rhodeisland,  which  was  now  quite  well  inhabited.  It 
was  settled  in  1638.  Its  Indian  name  was  Aquetneck,  and 
afterwards  called  the  Isle  of  Rodes  by  the  Enghsh. 

^  Mr.  Church  moved  here  in  the  autumn  of  1674. 


;';^!-. 


20 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


his  projects.    People  began  to  be  very  jealous  of  the 
Indians,  and  ind(  e«l  they  had  no  small  reason  to  sus- 

g9ct  that  they  had  formed  a  design  of  war  upon  the 
nglish.^  Mr.  Church  had  it  daily  suggested  to  him 
that  the  Indians  were  plotting  a  bloody  design.  That 
Philip  the  great  Mounthope  Sachem,  was  leader  there- 
in, and  so  it  proved.  He  was  sending  his  messengers 
to  all  the  neighbouring  Sachems,  to  engage  them  mto 
a  confederacy  with  him  in  the  war.f  Among  the  rest 

*  It  may  be  diverting  to  some,  to  introduce  here  what 
Cotton  Mather  calls  an  omen  of  the  war  that  followed. 
**  Things,"  says  he,  "  began  by  this  time  to  have  an  ominous 
aspect.  Tea,  and  now  we  speak  of  things  ominous,  we  may 
acid,  some  time  before  this,  [before  those  were  executed  for 
the  murder  of  Sassamon]  in  a  clear,  still,  sunshiny  morning, 
there  were  divers  persons  in  Maiden  who  heard  in  the  air, 
on  the  southeast  of  them,  di  great  gun  go  off,  and  presently 
thereupon  the  report  of  small  guns  like  musi'  et  shot,  very 
thick  discharging,  as  if  there  had  been  a  battle.  This  was 
at  a  time  when  there  was  nothing  visible  done  in  any  part 
of  the  colony  to  occasion  such  noises  ;  but  thut  which  most 
of  all  astonished  them  was  the  flying  of  bullets,  which  came 
singing  over  their  heads,  and  seemed  very  near  to  them,  af- 
ter which  the  sound  of  drums  passing  along  westward  was 
very  audible  ;  and  on  the  same  day,  m  Plymouth  colony  in 
several  places,  invisible  troops  uf  horse  were  heard  riding  to 
and  fro,"  &.c.  Magnalia,  II,  486.  This  is  quite  as  credible 
as  many  witch  accounts  in  that  marvellous  work. 

t  The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  probable  numbers  of 
the  Indians  in  Newengland  at  the  time  of  Philip's  war,  also 
of  the  English. 

Dr.  Trumbull  in  his  Hist.  U.  States,  I,  36,  supposes  there 
were  in  Newengland  'at  the  time  of  settlement  about  .S6,000 
Indian  inhabitanti) ;  one  third  of  which  were  warriours. 
Their  numbers  gradually  diminished  as  the  whites  increased, 
so  that  we  may  conclude  that  there  were  not  less  than  10,000 
warriours  at  the  commencement  of  Philip's  war.  Hutchinson, 
I,  406,  says  that  the  Narragansets  alone  were  considered  to 
amount  to  2000  fighting  men,  in  1676.  Hubbard,  Nar.  67, 
says  they  promised  to  rise  with  4000  m  the  war.  Governour 
Hinkley  states  the  number  of  Indians  in  Plymouth  county,  in 
1685,  at  4000  or  upwards.  Hist.  U.  States,  I,  35.  Beside 
these  there  were  in  different  towns  about  2000  praying  In- 
dians, as  those  were  called  who  adhered  to  the  English  reli- 
gion; they  took  no  part  in  the  war.   -TiKft^^s^w^^r?^  In 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


21 


he  lent  six  men  to  Awashonks,  squaw  sachem  of  the 
Sogkonate  Indians,  to  engage  her  in  his  interest  ;* 
Awashonks  so  far  listened  unto  them,  as  to  call  her 
subjects  together,  to  make  a  great  dance,  which  is 
the  custom  of  that  nationf  when  they  advise  about 
momentous  affairs.  But  what  does  Awashonks  do, 
but  sends  away  two  of  her  men  that  well  understood 
the  English  language,  (Sassamon];  and  Goorge^  by 

In  1678,  the  inhabitants  of  Newengland  amounted  to  atwut 
130,000  souls,  of  whom,  perhaps.  16,000  were  able  to  bear 
arms.    Holmes'  American  Annals,  I,  416. 

*  Dr.  Belknap,  in  his  Hist.  N.  Hampshire,  1, 108,  sari^  on 
the  authori  /  or  Callender,  that  "  The  inhabitants  of  Bristol 
shew  a  particular  spot  where  Philip  received  the  news  of  the 
first  Enjglishmen  that  were  killed,  with  so  much  sorrow  as  to 
cause  him  to  weep."  This  he  observes  was  very  diiSerent 
from  the  current  opinion.  No  doubt  the  consternation  of  the 
people,  caused  by  an  approaching  war,  had^  great  effect  ift 
estaDlishing  every  thing  unfavourable  of  Philip. 

t  It  is  the  custom  of  most,  if  not  all,  the  N.  American  In- 
dians.   See  Capt.  Carver's  Travels  in  America,  369. 

^  John  Sassamon,  or  as  others  spell  it,  Sausaman,  was  in- 
structed in  English  by  the  celebrated  Indian  apostle,  John 
Eliot,  and  pretended  to  believe  in  the  christian  religion. 
But  for  some  reason  he  neglected  its  duties,  and  returnea  to  a 
savage  life.  About  this  time,  or  perhaps  before,  he  advised  the 
English  of  some  of  Philip's  plots,  which  so  enraged  him,  that 
he  sought  Sassamon's  deatn,  whom  he  considered  as  a  rebel 
and  traitor.     And  this  is  the  principle  on  which  the  English 
themselves  acted  ;   yet,  they  would  not  suffer  it  in  another 
people,  who,  indeed,  were  as  free  as  any  other.  The  partic- 
[  ulars  were  these :  Sassamon  was  met  on  "  a  great  pond," 
;  which  I  suppose  to  be  Assawomset,  by  some  of  Philip's  naen, 
I  who  killed  him  and  put  him  under  the  ice,  leaving  his  hat 
:and  gun  on  the  ice,  where  they  were  found  soon  after ;  and 
also  the  dead  body.     See  Hubbard's  Narrative,  70, 71.    This 
must  have  been  late  in  the  spring  of  1675,  but  there  was  ice. 
Marks  were  found  upon  the  body  of  Sassamon,  that  indicated 
[  murder,  and  an  Indian  soon  appeared,  who  said  that  he  saw 
[some  of  Philip's  Indians  in  the  very  execution  of  it.    Three 
[were  immediately  apprehended,  and  tried  at  the  court  in 

Plymouth, 

*    §  An  Indian,  who  from  this  time,  was  verj  friendly  to  Mr. 
Church.    All  I  can  find  concerning  him  is  m  this  history. 

.  -  -  *       .  .  .  .  •     ,  .-  ■  . 


22 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


name)  to  invite  Mr.  Churvn  to  the  dance.^  Mr. 
Church,  upon  the  invitation,  immediat<^v  UJ^*^n  with 
him  Charles  Hazelton,  his  tenant's  eon,  who  well 
unHerr^ood  the  Indian  language,  and  r<  le  down  lu  the 
place  appointed,  where  they  found  hundreds  of 
Indian!  gathered  together  nom  all  parts  of  her 
dominion.  AwashonKs  herself  in  a  foaming  sweat, 
was  leading  the  dance ;  but  she  was  no  sooner  senr 
sible  of  Mr.  Ch^;rcr*s  arrival,  but  she  broke  oif,  sat 
down,  calls  ^  .  >b'  -'^  around  her,  [and]  orders  Mr. 
Church  to  ne  MviUd  into  her  presence.  Compli- 
ments btiM .;;  r^ssed,  and  each  one  taking  seat, 
she  toil  him  [that]  King  Philip  had  sent  six  men 
of  hi;:,  »  .th  two  of  ner  people,f  that  had  been  over 

at  Mounthope,4:  to  draw  her  into  a  confederacy  with 

.'    ■  '  »        — 

Plymouth,  in  June,  by  a  jury,  says  Mather,  consisting  of  half 
Indian!^,  and  half  Cnglish,  and  brought  in  guilty  of  the  murder. 
Two  of  them  pcisisting  in  their  innocence  to  the  end,  and 
the  third  denied  that  he  had  any  hand  in  the  murder,  hvi 
said  that  he  saw  the  others  commit  it.  Perhaps  he  made  this 
confession  in  hopes  of  pardon,  but  it  did  not  save  him.  Mag- 
nidia,  II,  486.  Mather  places  the  death  of  Sassamon  in  1674, 
this  was  old  style,  hence  it  was  previous  to  the  25th  of  March 
1675.  Hubbard,  69,  says  that  Sassamon  had  been  Philip's 
secretary,  and  chief  counsellor.  To  what  tribe  he  llrst  be> 
longed  1  have  not  ascertained,  but  from  this  history  it  appears 
that  he  belonged  to  the  Sogkonate  Indians,  in  the  spring  of 

*  One  might  conclude  this  transaction  to  have  been  about 
the  middle  of  June,  bv  its  connexion  with  the  commence- 
ment of  the  War,  but  oy  the  death  of  Sassamon  it  must  be 
placed  much' earlier. 

t  These  two  I  conclude,  were  those,  or  among  those  men- 
tioned b^  Hubbard,  69,  who  discovered  the  plots  of  Pbilip, 
le  of  w^um  might  be  Sassamon. 

i  (Or  Mimt-haupy  a  mountain  in  Bristol.) 

Why  the  author  writes  this  word  so  I  do  not  know,  un- 
less it  were  so  pronounced  in  his  day.  Its  ancient  name  was 
Pokanoket.  It  is  quite  an  eminence  about  two  miles  east 
fr<mi  the  village  of  Bristol,  very  Mteep  on  all  sides,  and  termi- 
nates in  a  large  rock,  which  %t  a  distance  has  the  appearance 
of  a  large  dome  of  an  amphitheatre.  It  is  apparently  com- 
posed or  pebbles  and  sand.  On  this  now  stands  a  small  oc- 
tagonal building.    From  many  places  on  thr  east  shore,  par- 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


39 


him,  in  a  war  with  the  English;  [and]  desired  him 
to  give  her  his  advice  in  the  case;  and  to  tell  her  th(' 
truth,  whether  the  Vn^ame*  men,  (as  Philip  had  told 
her)  were  gathering  a  great  army  to  invade  Philip^s 
country.  He  assured  her  he  would  tell  her  the  truth, 
and  give  her  his  best  a  *ce.  Then  he  told  her  it 
was  but  a  few  days  since  ^  came  from  Plymouth, 
and  [th«it]  the  Enclish  were  ben  making  no  prepa- 
rations for  war;  that  he  was  n  company  with  the 
principal  gentlemen  of  the,  8(o\  ^rntnent,  ^  /ho  had  no 
discourse  at  all  about  war,  r  J  h(  believe^  no  thoughts 
about  it.  He  askei'  her  hetl  er  she  thought  he 
would  have  brought  up  hi  got  Is  to  settle  m  that 
place,  if  he  apprehended  att  en'  '^riu^  into  [a]  war  %vith 
so  ne:  a  neighbour.  She  nva  to  be  somewhat 
convinced  by  his  talk,  and  sh  he  believed  he  spoke 
the  truth.  Then  she  called  »,  Jie  Mounthopr  men, 
who  made  a  forniidable  appcat  *nce,  with  their  faces  < 
painted,  and  their  hairs  trimmc:  up  in  comb  fashion, 
with  their  powderhorns  and  sb<     lagsf  at  their  backs 

ticularly  at  the  little  village  of  Fal  ver,  this  mount  forms 
a  beautiful  acclivity  in  the  landscap*^  very  nearly  reseno- 
bling  a  vie  V  of  the  State  house  at  Br^'^iun  trom  a  distaiiee. 
On  an  excuision  there  in, the  summer  uf  1824,  many  gratify- 
ing objects  were  discovered,  relating  to  '**«t  times  of  which 
we  treat,  A  mont  beautiful-prospect  oi  I 'rovidence  and  the 
surrounding  ,  ountry  and  bay  appears  from  this  mount. 

*  The  Indian  name  for  Plymouth. 

t  It  has  beer  a  question  among  many,  how  the  Indians  be- 
came furnishe*,  so  soon,  with  our  implements  of  war.  It  is 
not  probable  that  every  source  is  known  :  but  they  no  doubt, 
had  a  large  supply  from  the  French  in  the  east  of  Neweng- 
land.  A  man  bjr  the  name  of  Morton,  who  came  to  this  ecin- 
try  in  1632,  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  that  supplied  the 
Indians  with  arms  and  ammunition,  and  taught  them  their 
use,  in  the  country  adjacent  to  Cape  Cod.  This  he  done 
that  the  Indians  might  nunt  and  procure  furs  for  him.  Sec- 
retary Morton, ir  his  Newengland's Memorial, 76,  says,  "he 
had  been  a  petty-fogger  at  Furnival's  Inn,  having  more  craft 
than  honesty  ',"  but  in  justice  to  him  it  may  be  observed, 
that  the  Memorialist  has  mad&every  circumstance  appear  in 
the  darkest  dress,  and  not  only  of  him,  but  others,  wQom,  in- 


24 


jEiILIP»S  WAR. 


:■*,•> 


which  among  that  nation  is  the  posture  and  .figure  of 
preparedness  for  war.  She  told  Mr.  Church  these 
were  the  persons  thdt  had  brought  her  the  report  of 
the  English  preparations  for  war,  and  then  told  them 
what  Mr.  Church  had  said  in  answer  to  it.  Upon 
this  began  a  warm  talk  among  the  Indians,  but  it  was 
soon  quashed,  and  Awashonks  proceeded  to  tell  Mr. 

deed,  we  had  rather  speak  in  praise.  All  historians,'with 
whom  I  am  conversant,  agree  that  he  was  a  disorderly  per- 
son, of  bad  morals,  and  gave  people  much  trouble.  He  re- 
sided first  in  Mr.  Weston's  Plantation  at  Wessagusset,  now 
Weymouth ;  but  that  breaking  up  the  next  year,  1633,  he 
next  settled  with  Captain  Wallaston  at  or  near  the  same 
place  in  1635,  and  the  place  being  near  the  hill  that  separates 
We/mouth  from  Quincy,  was^  called  Mount  Watlaston. 
Gapt.  Wallaston  with  most  of  his  company  abandoned  the 
plantation,  and  Morton  usurped  the  government.  They 
soon  found  themselves  involved  in  difficulties  with  the  In- 
dians and  with  one  another.  They  erected  a  Maypole,  and 
practiced  their  excesses  about  it.  Selling  arms  to  the  na- 
tives being  a  breach  of  the  laws  among  others,  he  was  seized 
by  order  of  the  court,  and  soon  after,  1638,  sent  to  England. 
J^o  notice  of  the  complaints  against  him  bein^  taken,  he  re- 
turned the  next  year.  He  was  afterwards  imprisoned  for 
his  writings.  He  died  at  A^amenticus  in  1644  or  5^ 
according  to  Allen,  American  Biog.  441.  He  has  been  ac- 
cused of  giving  currency  to  the  story  of  "  hanging  the  wea- 
ver instead  of  the  cobbler."  The  author  of  Hudibras  get- 
ting hold  of  the  story,  has,  in  that  work,  Part  II,  Canto  II, 
line  403,  &c.,  set  it  off  to  the  no  small  expense  of  the  zeal  of 
the  Pilgrims.  See  Belknap,  Amer.  Biog.  II,  318,  Prince 
Chron.  313,  and  Savage's  edition  of  Winthrop,  I,  34,  35,  36, 
where  the  passage  may  be  3een.  The  latter  author  says  it 
was  not  so,  on  the  authority  of  Morton  himself ;  but  as  the 
affair  happened  at  Weston's  plantation,  where  Moiton  was 
concerned,  it  is  natural  that  he  should  say  the  right  one  was 
hanged.  In  a  note  to  line  412,  in  the  passage  above  referred 
to,  is  the  following  positive  assertion :  "  The  history  of  the 
Cobbler  had  been  attested  hj  persons  of  good  credit,  who 
were  upon  the  place  when  it  was  done."  Early  authors 
hinted  at  the  affair,  and  late  ones  have  enlarged  upon  it. 
The  truth  no  doubt  is  as  follows:  The  people  of  that  planta- 
tion were  in  a  state  of  starvation,  and  by  stealing  from  the 
Indians  had  ificurred  their  vengeance,  which  to  satisfy,  they 
hanged  one ;  who,  Hudibras  says,  was  a  bedrid  weaver, 
whereas  the  right  one  was  a  useful  cobbler,  whom  thiey  could 
not  90  well  spare.  •  ■-        .; 


>jjv  .,..v....<i^l;.j 


PHILIP'S  WAli. 


50 


^  bw-'L'ij.--  ';  ."Vf  rj^ii . 


Cburchi  thikt  Philip's  message  to  her  was,  that  unless 
she  wotild  fotthwith  enter  into  a  confederacy  with 
him  in  a  War  agaiilst  the  English,  he  would  send  his 
men  oter  privately^  to  kill  the  English  cattle,  and 
burn  their  houses  on  that  side  of  the  river,  which 
would  provoke  the  English  to  fall  upon,  her,  whom, 
they  would  without  doubt,  suppose  the  author  of  the 
mischief.  Mr.  Church  told  her  he  wii  sorry  to  see 
so  threatening  an  aspect  of  affairs ;  and  stepping  to 
the  Mountiiopes,  he  felt  of  their  bags,  and  finding 
them  filled  with  bullets,  asked  them  what  those 
bullets  were  for.  They  scoffingly  replied,  "  To  shoot 
pigeons  with."  Then  Mr.  Church  turned  to  Awa- 
shonks,  and  told  her,  [that]  if  Philip  Were  resolved 
to  make  war,  her  best  way  would  be  to  knock  those 
six  Mounthopes  on  the  head,  and  shelter  herself  under 
the  protection  of  the  English.  Upon  which  the  Mount- 
hopes  were  for  the  present  dumb.  But  those  two  of 
A-Washonks*  men,  who  had  been  at  Mounthope, 
expressed  themselves  in  a  furious  manner  against  his 
[advice.  And  Littleeyes,*  one  of  the  Queen's  coun- 
Isel  joined  with  them,  and  urged  Mr.  Church  to  go 
aside  with  him  among  the  bushes,  that  he  might  have 
[some  private  discourse  with  him,  which  other  Indians 
[immediately  forbid;  being  sensible  of  his  ill  design ► 
put  the  Indians  began  to  side,  and  grow  very  warm. 
Ir.  Church,  with  undaunted  courage,  told  the  Mount- 
lopes,  [that]  they  were  bloody  wretches,  and  thirsted 
ifler  the  blood  of  their  English  neighbours,  who  had 
lever  injured  them,  but  had  always  abounded  in  their  I' 
[indness  to  them.  That  for  his  own  part,  though  | 
le  desired  nothing  more  than  peace,  yet,  if  nothing 
)ut  war  would  satisfy  them,  he  believed  he  should 
>rove  a  sharp  thorn  in  their  sides :  Bid  the  company  ^ 
observe  those  men  that  were  of  such  bloody  disposi- 
tions, whether  providence  would  suffer  them  to  live 

^  *  He  was  afterward  taken  in  the  war  that  followed,  by 
i/hurch,  and  treated  very  kindly,  as  wiH  be  seen  in  the  nro- 
jress  of  this  history.  '^^q0^  ""^■.^«? '  •  . « 


...^ 


ae 


miLIP*S  WAE. 


, 


to  see  the  event  of  the  war,  which  others,  more 
peaceably  disposed,  might  do.  Then  he  told  Awas- 
honks,  [that]  ho  thought  it  might  be  most  advisable 
for  hej^  to  send  to  the  Govemour  of  Plpiouth,*  and 
shelter  herself  and  people  under  his  protection* 
She  liked  his  advice,  and  desired  him  to  go  on  her  be- 
half to  the  Plymouth  government,  which  he  consent 
ed  to.  And  at  parting  advised  her,  [ihat]  whatever 
«he  did,  not  to  desert  the  English  mterest  to  join 
with  her  neighbours  in  a  rebellion,!  which  would 
certainly  prove  fatal  to  her.  (He  moved  none  of  his 
goods  from  his  house,  that  there  miffht  not  be  the 
least  umbrage  from  such  an  action.})  She  thanked 
him  for  his  advice,  and  sent  two  of  her  men  to  guard 
him  to  his  house,  [who]'  when  they  came  there, 
urffed  him  to  take  care  to  secure  his  goods,  which  he 
renised,  for  the  reasons  before  mentioned ;  but  desired 
the  Indians,  that  if  what  they  feared,  should  happen, 
they  would  take  care  of  what  he  left,  and  directed 
them,  to  a  place  in  the  woods  w^here  they  should 
dispose  of  them,  which  they  faithfully  observed.     He 

1  [which] 

■■-■■ ■!  ■-■  I  ■   '■  '        1.1  ■  -.I.  ...    ■  I—I     I.I..— —I— —  —  ■     ■■..—  ■■      ■■  1^   — ■■  ,  M.m        ■^«■l^      ..iiMii        II 

*  The  Honourable  Josiah  Winslow,  Esq.,  who  was  after- 
wards coimnander  in  chief  of  the  forces  in  this  war.  He  was 
a  son  of  the  distinguished  Mr.  Edward  Winslow,  who  was 
also  Govemour  of  Plymouth  many  years.  He  was  born  in 
1629,  and  was  the  firs^  Governor  born  in  Newengland,  which 
office  he  filled  7  years.     He  died  18  Dec.   1680,  aged  52. 

t  This  war  was  called  a  rebellion,  because  the  English 
fancied  them  under  the  Kin^  of  England,  but  that  did  not 
make  them  so.  As  w«ll  might  emigrants  from  the  United 
States  land  on  the  coast  of  France,  and  because  they  were 
disputed  by  the  inhabitants,  of  their  right  so  to  do,  call  them 
rebels  ;  yet,  when  the  country  was  neither  claimed  nor  im- 
proved, certainly,  to  take  possession  and  improve  was  not 
wrong.  Our  author  is  by  no  means  so  lavish  of  ill  names  as 
many  early  writers.  Hellhounds,  fiends,  serpents,  caitiffs, 
dogSj  S&c  were  their  common  appellations.  The  ill  fame  of 
Mather,  in  this  respect,  will  be  celebrated  as  long  as  the 
marvellous  contents  of  the  Magnalia  are  re^d. 

X  This  sentence  was  included  in  brackets  in  the  copy  but 
•8  I  have  appropriated  that  mark  to  my  own  use,  I  substi* 
late  the  parenthesis  -  j^V 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


27 


took  his  leav«  of  hit  guaid,  [after  bidding^  them 
tall  their  mittreti,  [thai]  if  ihe  contimied  i^BMly  in 
hw  dependence  oil  the  English,  and  kept  within  her 
own  mniti  of  Sockonate,  he  would  see  har  acain 
quickly ;  and  then  hairtened  away  to  PocaMet  ;*  where 
he  met  with  Peter  Nunnuit,  the  husband  of  tlic 
Queenf  of  Pocasset,  who  was  just  then  come  over  in 
a  canoe  from  Mounthope.  Peter  told  him  that  there 
would  certainly  be  war,  for  Philip  had  held  a  dance 
of  several  weeKs  continuance,  and  had  entertained 
the  young  men  from  all  parts  of  the  country*  And 
added)  that  Philip  expected  to  be  sent  for  to  Ply- 
mouth, to  be  examined  about  Sassamon's]:  death,  who 
was  murdered  at  Assawomset  ponds^  knowing  him- 
self guilty  of  contriving  that  murder.  The  same 
Peter  told  him  that  he  saw  Mr.  James  Brown,  |i  of 

1  [and  bid] 

*  Y  Tiverton  shore  over  against  the  north  end  of  Rhodeisl- 
and.) 

t  Weetamore  or  Wetamoe,  *<  Philip's  near  kinswoman." 
tiub.  S24.  The  same  mentioned  in  another  place,  as 
"  Squaw  Sachem  of  Pocasset."  She  was  drowned  in  cross- 
ing a  river  or  arm  of  the  sea  at  Swanzey,  6  Augast,  1675, 
by  attempting  to  escape  from  a  party  of  En^sh.  lb.  334. 
Her  head  was  cut  off,  and  set  upon  a  pole.     Ibid, 

:(The  same  of  whom  the  history  is  given  in  note  8  on 
page  31. 

§  (Middleboroug^.) 

Three  larce  ponds  about -40  miles  irom  Boston,  and  16 
from  Newbeoford.  In  passing  from  the  latter  place  to  the 
former  we  have  the  largest  on  the  right,  which  now  bears  the 
name  of  Assawomset,  or  Assawamset,'  and  two  others  on  the 
left.  They  are  all  very  near  together.  The  road  passes  be- 
tween two,  separated  only  by  a  -narrow  neck  of  flat  land, 
about  a  stone's  throw  over. 

II "  One  of  the  magistrates  of  Plymouth  jurisdiction.-' 
Hubbard,  13.  This  gentleman  was  very  active  in  the  war. 
He  was  a  magistrate  between  the  3rear8  1670  and  1675. 
Morton,  308.  A  minister  of  Swanzey  is  mentioned  by  Ma- 
ther in  his  third  ckuii  of  Newengland  ministers  by  this 
name. 


"'rSiT^' 


.■■^■m^^-'-' 


28 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


Bwanzey,^  and  Mr*  Samuel  Oorton,f  who  was  m 
interpreter,  md  two  other  men,]:  who  bi'ought  n let$#r 

-, - . - ^         '. _.  __.^ . _  _    


4   -'I   .^ 


*  A  towj^  on  the  weft  side  of  Taunton  river  in  the  bottom 
of  ^fdunthbpe  bay,  about  15  miles  from  Taunton,  a:nd  in  the 
vicinity  ofMounlhope,  distance  by  the  road  ftbmt  11  nMheilf 

t  Accounts  of  this  gentleman  may  be  seen  in  Morton's  Me- 
morial, 117,  <cc.,  which,  perhaps,  are  not  impartial.  That 
author  partaking  of  the  persecuting  spirit  of  the  times, 
accuses  him  of  all  manner  <u  outrages  against  religion  aind  go- 
vernment. "  Not  only,"  he  observes,  "  abandoning  and  re- 
jecting all  civil  power  and  authority,  (except  moulded  accord- 
fficio  Am  oYf n  fancy)  but  belching  out  errours,  &c."  Seve- 
ral pages  in  that  work  are  filled  op  to  this  effect.  Dr.  Eliot, 
N.  £.  JSiog.  237,  says,  "  It  is  evident  that  he  was  not  so  baa 
a  man  as  his  enemies  represented."  The  reader  is  referred 
to  that  excellent  work,  for  an  interesting  account  of  him. 
'  Allen,  also,  314,  seems  inclined  to  do  him  justice,  and  is  more 
particular.  It  appears  evident  that  be  was  rather  wijd  in 
nis  vieWH  of  religion,  and  w^nt  too  far,  perhaps^  in  persuad- 
ing others  to  fa|l  in  with  him.  He  came  to  Boston  in  1636, 
from  London,  and  was  soon  suspected  of  heresy,  on  which  he 
was  examined.  But  from  his  aptness  in  evading  questions, 
nothing  was  found  against  him.  He  went  to  Plymouth,  but 
did  not  stay  long  there,  having  got  into  difficulty  with  their 
minister.  From  thence  he  went  to  Rbodeit^and  of  his  own 
accord;  or  as  some  say,  was  banished  there.  Here,  it  is  said, 
he  underwent  corporeal  punidiment  for  his  contempt  of  civil 
authority.  Leaving  this  place  he  went  to  Providence  in 
1649,  where  he  was  very  humanely  treated  by  Mr.  R(^er 
Williams,  who  also  had  been  banished  on  the  score  of  tenets. 
He  began  a  settlement  at  Patuxet,  4  or  5  miles  south  of 
Providence  in  1641,  but  was  soon  complained  of  to  the  gov- 
ernment of  Massachusetts,  for  encroaching  ufKm  the  lands 
of  others.  The  Oovemour  ordered  him  to  answer  to  the 
same  which  he  refused,  treating  the  messenger  with  con- 
tempt, l^t  he  was  arrested,  carried  to  Boston  and  had  his 
trial.  A  cruel  sentence  was  passed  upon  him,  being  confin- 
ed a  whole  winter  at  Charlestown  in  heavy  irons,  a^nd  then 
banished  Out  of  the  colony.  In  1644,  he  went  to  England, 
and  in  1648,  returned  to  his  possessions  by  permission  of  par 

liament. 


X  Who  these  ftoo  men  were  I  have  not  been  able  to  ascer- 
tain. Mention  is  made  in  the  histories  of  this  war  of  messen- 
gers being  sent,  but  in  none  more  than  two,  and  t^eir  nam«s 
are  not  mentioned.  Two  were  alsesent  from  MassaehM* 
setts.  See  Hub.  Nar.  7JJ,  J«.  Uut«h.  I,  i63.  They  were 
sent  16 June,  1675.       ;;:f^"  ■vV:"'''.-"'':;W:7.>v>::;v. 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


29 


from  the  Governdur  of  Plymouth  to  Philip.  lie 
observed  to  him  further,  that  the  young  men  were 
very  eager  to  begin  the  war,  and  would  fain  haye 
lulled  Mr.  Brown,  but  Philip  prevented  it;  telling 
them  that  his  father  had  charged  him  to  show  kind- 
ness to  Mr.  Brown.  In  short,  Philip  was  forced  to 
promise  them,  that,  on  the  next  Lord's  day,  when  the 
English  were  gone  to  meeting  they  should  rifle  their 
houses,  and  from  that  time  forwaid,  kill  their  cattle. 

Peter  desired  Mr.  Church  to  go  and  see  his  wife^ 
who  was  but  [just]  up  the  hill  ;*  he  went  and  found 
but  few  of  her  people  with  her.  She  said  they  wore 
all  gone  against  her  will  to  the  dances,  and  she  much 
feared  [that]  there  Would  be  a  war.  Mr.  Church 
advised  tier  to  go  to  the  island  and  secure  herself, 
and  those  that  were  with  her,  and  send  to  the  Gover- 
nour  of  Plymouth,  who  she  knew  was  her  friend;  and 
so  left  her,  resolving  to  hasten  to  Plymouth,  and 
wait  on  the  Govemour.  And  he  was  so  expeditious 
that  he  was  with  the  Govem6ur  early  next  moming,f 
though  he  waited  on  some  of  the  magistrates  by  we 
way,  who  were  of  the  council  of  war,  and  also  met 
him  at  the  Govemour's.  He  gave  them  an  account 
of  his  observations  and  discoveries,  which  confirmed 
their  former  intelligences,  and  hastened  their  prepa- 
ration for  defence. 

Philip,  according  to  his  promise  to  his  people,  per- 
mitted them  to  march  out  of  the  neck|  on  the  next 
Lord's  day,^  when  they  plundered  the  nearest  hou^ 

iiament.  He  was  a  minister,  and  a  man  of  talents  and  abili- 
ty. His  defence  against  the  charges  in  Morton's  Memorial, 
shows  him  to  be  a  man  of  learning,  and  is  worthy  perusing. 
It  is  in  Hutchinson,  Hist.  Mas.  I,  467  to  470.  He  Uved  to 
an  advanced  age,  but  the  time  of  his  death  is  not  known. 

*  I  conclude  this  hill  to  be  that  a  little  north  of  Howland*s 
ferry. 

t  June  16. 

i  The  neck  on  which  Bristol  and  Warren  now  are,  mak* 
ing  the  ancient  Pokanoket. 

§  June  30.  See  TfumhuU,  Hilt.  Cqd.  I,  W.,  Ibid.  U. 
States,  I,  189.      ■  ^:^:,"  ■  " '-::•>, *'"fX- 


rt.i 


36 


Pi}ILIFS  WAtt. 


868  that  tho  inhabitants  had  deserted,,  but  as  yel  of- 
fered no  violence  to  the  people,  at  least  nqne  were 
killed.^  However  the  alarm  was  given  by  their  nun^- 
bers  and  hostile  equipage,  and  by  the  prey  th^ey 
made  of  what  they  could  find  in  the  forsaken  houses. 
An  express  came  the  same  day  to  the  Governour,f 
who  immediately  gave  orders  to  the  captains  of  the 
towns,  to  march  the  greatest  part  of  their  companies, 
and  to  rendezvous  at  Taunton  on  Monday  night,} 
where  Major  Bradford  was  to  receive  them,  a^id  dis- 
pose them  under  Captain  (now  made  Major)  Cut- 
worthy  of  Scituate.  The  Goyernour  desired  Mr. 
Church  to  give  them  his  company,  and  to  use  his  in- 
terest in  their  behalf,  with  the  gentlemen  of  Rhode- 
island^,  He  complied  with  it,  and  they  marched  the 
next  day.  Major  Bradford  desired  Mr.  Church,  with 
a  commanded  party,  consisting  of  English  and  some 
friend  Indians,  to  march  in  the  front  at  some  distance 
from  the  main  body.  Their  orders  were  to  keep  so 
far  before  as  not  to  be  Ih  sight  of  the  army.  And  so 
they  did,  for  by  the  way  they  killed  a  deer,  flayed, 
roasted,  and  eat  the  most  of  him  before  the  army 
came  up  with  them.     But  the  Plymouth  forces  soon 

■— ■■I^— .        ■      .  !-■— —     I  ll-  ^.1-  .1  11     ■!■■■■■■  .1  ■■...  I,  ,■.,    ..1,1. 1.^.^^ 

*  But  an  Indian  was  fired  upon  and  wounded,  which  was  a 
sufficient  umbrage  for  them  to  begin  the  work.  See  Hub. 
Nar.  72,  and  Hutch.  I,  261.  It  appears  that  Philip  waited 
fbr  the  English  to  b^n,  and  to  that  end,  had  suffered  his 
men  toproToke  them  to  it ;  yet,  it  was  thought  that  Philip 
tried  to  restrain  them  from  bennning  so  soon,  as  is  observed 
in  note  1  to  page  17.  At  this  time  a  whimsical  opinion 
fHrerailed,  that  the  side  which  first  began  would  finally  be 
conquered.    Hutch.  Ibid. 

t  In  consequence  of  this  intelligence  Gbvernour  Winslow 
proclaimed  a  fast.    H.Adams,  120. 


X  June  21. 


►;^. 


6  James  Cudworth,  several  years  a  magistrate  of  Plymouth 
colony.  Other  historians  style  him  Captain,  but  do  not  take 
notice  of  this  advancement.  See  Hubbard,  Nar.  75,  79,  84. 
Also  in  the  continuation  of  Morton,. 208,  where  it  appears  he 
was  ail  assistant  in  the  jKovernment  between  1670  and  167& 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


m 


ur  Winslow 


arrived  at  Swanzey,*  and  were  chiefly  posted  lit  Hftr 
jor  Brown'sf  and  Mr.  Miles' |  garrisons,  and  were 
there  soon  joined  with  those  that  came  from  Massar 
chusetts,  who  had  entered  into  a  confederacy  with 
their  Plymouth  brethren  against  the  perfidious  hear 
thens. 

The  enemy,  who  began  their  hostilities  with  plun- 
giciring  and  destroying  cattle,<^  did  not  long  content 
themselves  with  that  ^ame ;  they  thirsted  for  English 
blood,  and  they  soon  broached  it ;  killing  two  men 
in  the  way  not  far  from  Mr.  Miles'  garrison,  apd 

•  Whether  the  Plymouth  forces  were  at  Swanzey  when 
the  first  English  were  killed  does  not  appear,  though  it  is 
presumed  that  they  were  not.  We  are  certain  that  they  had 
sufficient  time  to  arrive  there.  It  appears  from  the  text  that 
they  marched  from  Plymouth  on^  Monday,  which  was  the  ti 
June,  and  the  first  English  were' killed  the  34. 

The  author  seems  to  be  a  little  before  his  story  concerning 
the  Massachusetts'  men,  for  we  know  that  they  did  not  ar- 
rive till  the  38  June,  and  their  arrival  is  related  before  the 
first  men  were  killed.  * 

Dr.  Morse,  in  his  late  history  of  the  Revolution,  has  run 
over  this  history  without  any  regard  to  dates.  Nor  has  he 
thought  it  worth  his  while  to  tell  us  there  ever  was  such  ah 
author  as  Church,  but  copies  from  him  as  though  it  were  his 
own  work,  which,  at  best  he  makes  a  mutilated  mass.     ^ 

t  See  note  5  on  page  37. 

t  The  Rev.  John  Miles,  as  I  find  in  Allen,  Biog.  439,  was 
minister  of  thefirst  Baptist  church  in  Massachusetts ;  that  in 
1649  he  was  a  settled  minister  near  Swansea  in  South  Wales. 
Hence,  perhaps,  the  name  of  Swanzey  in  Mass.  is  derived. 
Mr.  Miles  being  ejected  in  1663,  came  to  this  country,  and 
formed  a  church  at  Rehoboth.  He  removed  to  Swanzf  ^-  a 
few  years  after,  which  town  was  granted  to  the  baptists 
by  the  government  of  Plymouth.  Hutchinson,  1, 309,  speaks 
of  him  as  a  man  discovering  christian  unity,  k,c.  He  died 
in  1683. 

§  It  appears  that  an  Indijan  was  wounded  while  in  the  act 
of  killing  cattle  ;  or  as  tradition  informs  us,  the  Indian  who 
was  wounded,  after  killing  some  animals  in  a  man's  field, 
went  to  his  house  and  demanded  liquor,  and'being  refused 
attempted  to  take  it  by  violence,  tnreatening  at  the  sune 
time  to  be  revenged  for  such  usage,  this  caused  the  English* 
m^n  to  fire  on  him. 


at  PtllLt^S  WAIt, 

soon  after  eight  more^  at  Matapoiset  :f  Updti  whose 
bodies  they  exercised  more  than  brutish  barbarities ; 
beheading,  dismembering  and  mangling  them,  and 
exposing  them  in  the  most  inhuman  manner,  which 
gashed  and  ghostly  objects  struck  a  damp  on  all  be- 

holders.l 

The  enemy  flushed  with  these  exploits^  srew  yet 
bolder,  and  skulking  every  where  in  the  bushes,  shot 
at  all  passengers,  and  killed  many  that  ventured 
abroad.  They  came  so  near  as  to  shoot  two  sen- 
tinels at  Mr.  Miles'  garrison,  under  the  very  noses 
of  our  forces.  These  provocations  drew  out  [ — y 
some  of  Captain  Prentice's  troops,^  who  desired 
they  might  have  liberty  to  go  out  and  seek  the  ene- 
my in  their  own  quarters.  Quartermasters  Gill  and 
Belcherjl  commanded  the  parties  drawn  out,  who 
earnestly  desired  Mr.  Church's  company.  They  pro- 
vided him  a  horse  and  furniture,  (his  own  being  out  of 
the  way.)  He  readily  complied  with  their  desires, 
mid  was  soon  mounted;  This  party  was  no  sooner 
over  Miles'  bridge,ir  but  were  fired  upon  by  an  am- 

1  [the  resentment  of] 

*  It  was  the  same  day,  34  June,  on  Thursday,  being  a  fiut, 
appointed  by  the  Governour  of  Plymouth,  on  hearins  what 
took  place  the  30.  See  H.  Adam's  Hist.  N.  Enslana,  130. 
At  Uehobotb  a  man  was  fired  upon  the  same  day.  Hutchinson, 
t,  861.  . 

t  (In  Swanzey.) 

beveral  places  bore  this  name.  The  word  is  now  general 
1y  pronounced  Matapois.  It  appears  too,  that  the  pronunci- 
ation tended  thus,  at  first,  as  I  nndit  spelt  in  Winslow's  Nar- 
rative«  Matapuyst.     See  Belknap,  Biog.  II,  393. 

I  The  sight  must  have  been  dreadfhl,  but  yet,  it  did  not 
hinder  the  English  from  the  like  foul  deeds.  Weetamore's 
bead  was  cut  off  and  set  upon  a  pole.    See  note  8  on  page  37. 

i  Capt.  Thomas  Prentice  of  the  Boston  troops.    Twelve 
was  the  number  that  went  over  at  this  time.    Hubbard,  75 
Htttehinsott,  I,  363. 

|]  Hubbard,  75,  calls  him  Corporal  Belcher.  He  makes  no 
mention  of  any  person  by  the  name  of  Gill. 

IT  There  is  a  bridge  over  Palmer's  river,  which  bears  this 
name.    It  is  about  4  miles  north  of  Warren.  ,**:- 


-  '*S;il. 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


m 


»i]«cade  o..  about  a  do<en  Indiant,  as  they  were  af- 
terward discovered  to  be.  .  When  they  dr«woff»  the 
>ik>t*  was  mortally  wounded,  Mr.  Beleher  received 

shot  in  his  knee,  and  his  horse  was  killed  under 
lim.  Mr.  Gill  was  struck  with  a  musket  b^l  oflt  the 
side  of  his  body ;  but  being  clad  with  a  buif  coat,t 

id  some  thickness  of  paper  under  it,  it  never  broke 
lis  skin.l  The  troopers  were  surprised  to  see  both 
their  commanders  wounded  and    wheeled  off  $  but 

[r.  Church  persuaded,  at  length  stormed  and  stamj^ 
3d,  and  toldHhem  it  was  a  shame  to  run,  and  Ifiive 

wounded  man  there  to  become  a  prejr  to  the 
>arbarous  enemy ;  for  the  pilot  yet  sat  on  his  horse, 
though  amazed  whh  the  shot  as  not  to  have  sense  1o, 
juide  him.  Mr.  Gill  seconded  himj  and  offeredf 
plough  much  disabled,  to  assist  in  bringing  him  off., 

Tr.  Church  asked  a  stranger,  who  gavanim  his  com- 
>anv  in  that  action,  if  he  would  go  with  him  and, 
[etch  off  the  wounded  man.     He  readily  consented», 

id  they  with  Mr.  Gill  went ;  but  the  wounded  man 
[ainted,  and  fell  off  his  horse  before  they  came  to  him. 
»ut  Mr.  Church  and  the  stranger  dismounted,  took 
ip  the^ipan,  dead,  and  laid  him  before  Mr.  Gill  on  his 
lorse^f/  Mr.  Church  told  the  other  two,  [that]  if  they 
^ouldtake  care  of  the  dead  man,  he  would  go  and 
fetch  his  horse  back,  which  was  going  off  the  cause- 
ray  toward  the  enemy  ;  but  before  he  got  over  the 
causeway  he  saw  the  enemy  riin  to  the  right  into  the 
leck.  He  brought  back  the  horse,  and  called  ear- 
lestly  and  repeatedly  to  the  army  tp  come  over  and 
ight  the  enemy ;  and  while  he  stood  calling  and 
)ersuading,  the  skulking  enemy  returned  to  their 
>ld  stand,  and  all  discharged  their  guns  at  him  at  one 
;lap ;  [and]  though  every  shot  missed  him,  yet,  one 

*  William  Hammond. 

t  A  buff  coat,  and  kind  of  cuirass  or  breastplate  of  iron  or 
teel  formed  their  armour;  swords,  carabines,  and  pistohk 
Iheir  weapons.  '^¥ 

t  June  38.  This  action  took  plac«  the  same  day  that  ^e 
Bther  troops  arrived.  ^  •' ;. 


.  -J.«t 


94 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


of  tlie  army  on  the  other  lide  of  the  river,  received  one 
of  the  balk  in  hit  foot.  Mr.  Church  now  began,  (no 
■neeour  coining  to  him)  to  think  it  time  to  retreat. 
Saying,  *<TX»  Lord  have  mtrey  on  «w,  if  such  a 
handftil  of  Indians  shall  thus  dare  such  an  army."* 

Upon  this  it  was  immediately  resolved,  and  orders 
were  given  to  march  down  into  the  neck,f  and  hav- 
ing passed  the  bridge  and  causeway,  the  direction 
was  to  extend  both  wings,  which  not  being  well  heed- 
ed by  those  that  remamed  in  the  centre,  some  of 
them  mistook  their  frfends  for  their  enemies,}  and 
made  a  fire  upon  them  in  the  right  wing,  and  wound- 
ed that  noble  heroick  youth.  Ensign  Savage,  in  the 
thigh,^  but  it  happily  proved  but  a  fftsh  wound.  They 
taarched  until  they  came  to  the  narrow  of  the  neck, 

at  a  place"  called  Keekamuit,||  where  they  took  down 
■  "      "'         '  ♦  ■  ■     ■■  ■  ■  I  ..  I  '  — 

*  Thus  ended  the  38  June,  1G75,  according  to  Hubbard> 
75  ;  but  by  the  text,  the  next  transaction  would  seem  under 
the  same  date,  wbich  from  the  fact  that  most  of  the  army  did 
not  arrive  until  after  noon,  and  that  the  action  did  not  take 
place  until  it  had  arrived,  it  is  plain  that  it  was  not.  Hntch- 
insonj  I,  363,  is  as  indistinct  with  regard  to  the  dates  in 

Juestion,  as  our  author,  but  Holmes  considered  it  as  I  do. 
.nnals,  1, 4i31.  The  next  morning,  Hubbard,  7&»  says,  that 
the  Indians,  at  half  a  mile's  distance,  shouted  twice  or 
thrice,  and  9  or  10  showing  themselves  at  the  bridge,  the 
army  immediately  went  in  pursuit  of  them. 

t  June  39.  - 

X I  cannot  find  as  any  historian  takes  notice  of  this  bad 
management  of  the  army.  The  reason  is  obvious  as  Hub- 
bard says  nothing  of  it,  whom  they  all  follow.  Hence  it  ap- 
pears that  Savage  was  wounded  by  his  own  companions,  and 
not  by  10  or  13  of  the  enemy  discharging  upon  nim  at  once 
Seo  next  note. 

§^"  He  had  at  that  time  one  bullet  lodged  in  his  thish, 
another  shot  through  the  brim  'of  bis  hat,  by  ten  or  twelve 
of  the  enemy  discharging  upon  him  together,  while  he  bold- 
ly held  up  his  colours  in  the  front  of  his  company." 
nubbard,  76.  Our  author  or  Mr.  Hubbard  is  in  a  great 
mistake  about  the  manner  in  which  he  was  wounded,  but  the 
former  ought  not  to  be  mistaken. 

11  (Upper  pfirt  of  Bristol.) 

Now  the  upper  part  of  Warren,  which  has  b$en  taken 


<\*Az  j;*-f 


f  y.siiM-.r:,-_ 


^'.' 


■■•sifcit  *!v  '      'i&i- 


nmi9*n  w  .«. 


u 


the  headi  of  eight  Engl  ^  lei  hat  were  killed  at  the 
head  of  Matapoiset  neck,  and  set  upon  poles ,  alter 
the  barbarous  manner  of  those  savages.  There  Philip 
had  staved  >all  his  drums  and  conveyed  all  his  cai^dei 
to  the  east  side  of  Matapoiset  river.  Hence  it  was 
concluded  by  those,  that  were  acquainted  with  the 
motions  of  those  people,  that  they  had  quitted  the 
neck.  Mr.  Church  told  them  that  Philip  was  doubt- 
less gone  over  to  Pocasset  side  to  ensage  those  In- 
dians in  a  rebellion  with  him,  which  tney  soon  found 
to  be  true.  The  enemy  were  not  really  beaten  out 
of  Mounthope  neck,  though  it  was  true  [that]  they 
fled  from  thence;  yet  it  was  before  any  pursued 
them.  It  was  but  to  strengthen  themselves,  and  to 
gain  a  more  advantageous  post.  However,  some, 
and  not  a  few,  pleaded  themselves  with  the  fancy  of 
a  mighty  conquest. 

A  ^rond  council  was  held,  and  a  resolve  passed, 
to  build  a  fort  there,  to  maintain  the  first  ground 
they  had  gained,  by  the  Indians  leaving  it  to  them. 
And  to  speak  the  truth,  it  must  be  said,  that  as  they 
gained  not  that  field  by  their  sword,  nor  their  bow, 
so  it  was  rather  their  fear  than  their  courage  that 
obliged  them  to  set  up  the  marks  of  their  conquest.* 

Mr.  Church  looked  upon  it,  and  talked  of  it  with 
contempt,  and  urged  hard  the  pursuing  [of]  the  en- 
emy on  Pocasset  side ;  and  with  the  greater  earnest- 
ness; because  of  the  promise  made  to  Awashonks^  be- 
fore mentioned. 

The  council  adjourned  themselves  from  Mount 

'    '  I  ■  111  .  I       I    j     li  i'  I  ilrli 

n*om  Bristol.  It  is  called  on  the  map  of  Rhodeisland,  Kicke- 
muet,  or  rather  the  bay  which  makes  this  neck  on  one  side, 
is  so  called.    Warren  river  makes  the  other  side. 

*  Major  Savage  and  Major  Cndworth  commanded  the 
forces  in  this  expedition,  at  whom,  of  course,  this  refle^on 
is  directed.  But  chiefly,  I  suppose,  at  Major  Cudwo^ : 
For  I  find,  Hubbard,  79,  that  Cfaptain  Cudworth,  as  he  de- 
nominates him,  "  left  a  garrison  of  40  men  upon  Mount- 
hope  neck,*'  which  is  all  that  he  says  about  this  fort. 


91  PHILIP'S  WVR. 

hope  to  Rehoboth,*  where  Mr.  TreasiflreV'  South- 
worth,  being  weary  of  his  charge  of  CoinmiBsary 
General,  (provision  being  scarce  and  difficult  to 
be  obtained  for  the  army,t  hat  now  lay  still  to  co- 
ver the  people  from  nobody,  while  they  were  build- 
ing a  fort  for  nothing)  retired,  and  the  power  and 
trouble  of  that  post  was  left  to  Mr.  Church,  who 
still  urged  the  commanding  officers  to  move  over  to 
Pocasset  side,  to  pursue  the  enemy  and  kill  Philip, 
which  would  in  his  opinion  be  more  probable  to  kee] 
possession  of  the  neck,  than  to  tarry  to  build  a  fort.; 
He  was  still  restless  on  that  side  of  the  river,  an( 
the  rather,  because^  of  his  promise  to  the  squaw  Sa- 
chem of  Sogkonate.  And  Captain  Fuller^  also  urg- 
ed the  same,  until  at  length  there  came   further  or- 

*  A  town  in  Massachusetts,  about  10  miles  from  where  they 
then  w^re,  and  about  38  from  Boston. 

t  Hubbard  says,  77,  that  the  forces  under  Major  Savage 
returned  to  Swanzey,  and  those  under  Capt.  Cudworth  pa8»> 
ed  over  to  Rhodeisland  the  same  day,  as  the  weathei>looked 
likely  to  be  tempestuous,  and  that  night  there  fell  abundance 
of  rain.  But  it  is  presumed  that  Captain  Cudworth  soon  re- 
turned to  build  said  fort,  as  he .  arrived  at  Swanzey  the  5 
July. 

}  While  these  things  were  passing,  Capt.  Hutchinson  was 
despatched  with  a  leUer  from  the  Governour  of  Massachu- 
setts, bearing  date  July  4,  1675,  eonstitntitog  him  commis- 
sioner to  treat  with  the  Narra^ansets,  who  now  seem  openly 
to  declare  for  Philip.  He  arrived  the  5  at  Swanzey,  and  on 
the. 6,  a  consultation  was  held,  wherein  it  was  resolved  "to 
>jreat  with  the  Narragansets  sword  in  hand."  Accordingly 
the  forces  marched  into  tiiieir  country,  and  after  several  cere- 
monious days,  a  treaty,  as  long  as  it  was  useless,  was  signed 
on  the  15.  It  maybe  seen  at  large  in  Hubbard,  Nar.  81  to 
88,  and  Hutchin^Qi  I,  368,  364.  By  which  the  Narragan- 
sets  agreed,  to  harbour  none  of  Pmlip's  people,  &c.  ',^  all 
which  was  only  forced  upon  them,  and  they  regarded  it  no 
loiter  than  the  army  was  present.  The  army  then  returned 
to  Taunton,  17  June. 

1 1  learn  nothing  more  of  this  gentleman  than  is  found  in 
this  history.  The  name  is  common  in  Massachusetts  and 
elsewhere.  He  had  6  files  each  containing  Q  men,  therefore 
their  whole  number  consisted  of  56  men  on^.     .    ^„ 


,.C'  - 


-^ .  1  r  ^' 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 

den*  concerning  the  fort,  and  withal  an  order  for 

[Captain  Fuller  with  six  files  to  cross  tlu)  river  to  the 

side  so  much  insisted  on,  and  to  try  if  he  could  set 

speech  with  any  of  the  Pocaaset  or  Sogkonate  In- 

[dians,  and  that  Mr.  Church  should  go  [asj  his  second. 

Upon  the  Captain's  receivinff  his  orders,  he  asked 
Mr.  Church  whether  he  were  wHlinff  to  engage  in  this 
enterprise ;  to  whom  it  was  indeed  too  agreeable  to 
be  declined ;  thouffh  he  thought  the  enterprise  was 
hazardous  enough  for  them  to  have  [had^  more  men 
assigned  them.  Captain  Fuller  told  hmi,  that  for 
I  his  own  part,  he  was  grown  ancient  and  heavy,  [and] 
he  feared  the  travel  and  fatigue  would  be  too  mucn 
I  for  him.  But  Mr.  Church  urged  4iim,  and  told  him 
[that]  he  would  cheerfully  excuse  him  his  hardship 
and  travel,  and  take  that  part  to  himself,  if  he  might 
but  go;  for  he  had  rather  do  any  thing  in  the  world, 
[than  to  stay  there  to  build  the  fort. 

Then  they  drew  out  the  number  assigned  them, 
[and  marched  the  same  nightf  to  the  ferry ,|  and  were 

*  From  Major  Gudworth,  who  did  not  g;o  with  th«  rest  of 
|thc  army  into  the  country  of  the  Narragansets.   ■  Hub.  84. 

t  No  author  that  I  have  seen,  exceptins  Mr.  Hubbard, 
jfixeB  any  date  to  this  memorable  part  of  Phiup's  War.    Fti* 
[ther  Hutchinson  nor  TrumbiiU  takes  any  notice  of  it.    Hub- 
bard, 84,  says,  "Upon  Thursday,  July  7,  Captain  Fulled  and 
Lieutenant  Churcn  went  into  Pocasset  to  seek  after  the  ene- 
my," &.C.    But  he  is  in  an  errour  about  the  day  of  the  ilireek 
or  month,  and  perhaps  both :   for  I  find  that  the  7  July  fa^ 
on  Wednesday  ;  an  errour  which  mig[ht  easUvhaTe'hiuipened 
[in  some  former  edition  of  his  Narrative.    Though  this  icru- 
[tiny  may  seem  unimp»ortant,  yet,  the  tratisaction^  it  muSt  be 
I  allowed,  merits  jbarticnlar   attention ;   for  histoiy  withoaft 
[chronology  may  oe  compared  to  the  trackless  desert  over 
Uvhich  we  may  wander  in  vain  for  relief.     Most  authors  since 
I  Mr.  Hubbard's  time,  pass  lightly  over  this  event,  and  eitiicr 
[think  it  not  worth  fixing  a  mie  to,  or  doubting  the  awthoriH' 
[of  Mr.  Hubbard.    But  I  am  induced  to  believe,  that  the  ^mf 
[of  the  month  is  right,  and  that  the  day  of  the  weA  is  wrmud 
|lf  this  be  the  case,  we  are  able  to  fix  thfe  date  •TthebaftttoM 
the  Peasfield  on  July  3. 

t  Bristol  ferry. 

■■-'■  •  ,  ^  y  ■'■'■''     ■      '^«-      ■  '    ■ 


■".!£     ^^ 


;*^ 


38 


PHILIFS  WAR. 


(   ■■:-.. 


transported  to  Rhodeisland,  from  whence,  the  next 
night  they  got  passage  over  to  Pocasset  side  in  Rhode- 
isfiuid  boats,  and  concluded  there  to  dispose  them- 
selves in  two  ambuscades  before  day,  hoping  to  sur- 
prise some  of  the  enemy  by  their  falling  into  one  or 
other  of  their  ambuslimonts.  But  Captain  Fuller's 
party  being  troubled  with  the  epidemical  plague  of  | 
lust  after  tobacco,  must  needs  strike  fire  lo  smoke 
it.*  And  thereby  discovered  themselves  to  a  party 
of  the  enemy  coming  up  to  them,  who  immediately 
fled  with  great  precipitation. 

This  ambuscade  drew  off  about  break  of  day,  per- 
ceiving [that]  they  were  discovered,  the  other  con- 
tinued in  their  post  until  the  time  assigned  them, 
and  the  light  and  heat  of  the  sun  rendered  their  sta- 
tion both  insignificant  and  troublesome,  and  then  re- 
turned unto  the  place  of  rendezvous ;  where  they 
were  acquainted  with  the  other  party's  disappoint- 
^  ment,  and  the  occasion  of  it.  Mr.  Church  calls  for 
the  breakfast  he  had  ordered  to  be  brought  over  in 
the  boat,  but  the  man  that  had  the  charge  of  it,  con- 
fessed that  he  was  asleep  when  the  boat's  men  call- 
ed him,  and  in  haste  came  away  and  never  thought 
of  it.  It  happened  that  Mr.  Church  had  a^ew  cakes 
of  tusk  in  his  pocket,  that  Madam  Cranston,f  (the 

— — r— ■ ■ • 

^.  .*  |t  is  customary  with  many  to  this  day  in  Rhodeisland,  to 
&se  ihiS  phrase.  If  a  person  tells  another  that  hie  bmoked  to- 
bacco &t  any  particular  time,  he  will  say  that  he  smoked  it, 

f  I  am  sorry  to  acknowledge  the  want  of  information  of  so 
conspicuous  a  character  as  a  Governour  of  Rhodeisland,  but 
the  histories  of  Neweneland  do  not  tell  us  there  ever  was 
such  a  GdVQffnour.  Probably  the  town  of  Cranston  perpetu- 
ates his  name.  From  Allen,  Biog.  196,  it  appears  that  Mr. 
WiUiam  Gc^dingpton  was  Governour  this  year,  1675 ;  yet 
there  may  be  no  mistake  in  the  text,  though  this  name  has 
hMn  written  with  variation.  From  Trumbull's  Conn.  I, 
86C,  I  find  th^  '^Jopir  Graitston,  Esq.,  Governour  of 
Rhodeisland,  [in  1679]  held  a  court  in  Nai;raganset,  in  Sep- 
tember, and  made  attempts  to  introduce  the  authority  and 
officersof  Rhodeisland,  into  that  part  of  Connecticut.  The 
^neral  assembly  therefore,  in  October,  protested  ag^nst 


'A 


PHILIP»S  WAR. 


39 


Govemour's  Lady  of  Rhodeisland)  gaVe  him  when  he 
came  off  the  island,  whicb  he  oividei  among  the 
I  company,  which  was  all  the  provisions  they  had. 

Mr.  Church  after  their  slehder  breakfast,  proposed 
to  Captain  Fuller,  that  he  would  maxch  in  quest  of 
the  enemy,  with  such  of  the  company  as  would  be 
grilling  to  march  with  him,  which  he  complied  with, 
though  with  a  great  deal  of  scruple  ;  because  of  his 
small  numbers,  and  the  extreme  hazard  he  foresaw 
must  attend  them.^  !:* 

But  some  of  the  company  reflected  upon  Mr. 
Church,  that  notwithstanding  his  talk  on  the  other 
side  of  the  river,  he  had  not  shown  them  any  Iki- 
dians  since  they  came  over ;  which  now  moved  him 
to  tell  them,  that,  if  it  were  their  desire  to  see  In- 
dians, he  believed  he  should  now  soon  show  them 
what  they  should  say  was  enough.    '^^'-  *  ^» 

The  number  allowed  himf  soon  drew  off  to  him, 
which  could  not  be  many ;  because  their  whole  com- 
pany consisted  of  no  more  than  thirty-six. 

They  moved  towards  Sogkonate^  until  they  came 
to  the  brook|  that  runs  into  Nunnaquahqat<^  neck, 
where  they  discovered  a  fresh  and  plain  track,  which 

nis  usurpation,  and  declared  his  acts  to  be  utterly  void." 
Thus  the  spirit  of  feeling  between  the  tWo  colonies  at  this 
period  is  discovered.  -  t^t 

•Captain  Fuller  had  not  proceeded  fsir,  before  be  fell  in 
with  a  large  number  of  the  enemy,  but  fortunately  he  was 
in  the  vicinityof  the  water,  and  more  fortunately,  near  an 
old,  bouse,  in  which  he  sheltered  himself  and  men  until  a 
vessel  discovered  and  conveyed  them' off,  with  no  other.losp, 
than  having  two  men  wounded.  He  h^d  17  men  in  his  com- 
pany. 

t  Nineteen.  Hubbard,  85,  says,  that  Mr.  Church  had 
not  above  15  men.  ■-'r'V^-*'jjp^.V'i^v*%*i^,f?,  •"'        ■■< 

i  This  brook  is  that  which  empties  into  the  bay  nearly  a 
mile  southward  from  Rowland's  ferry.  The  road  to  Little 
Compton,  here,  follows  the  shore  of  the  bay,  and  crosses  said 
brook  where  it  meets  the  bay.  imj^ii- 

§  Now  called  Quaucut,  a  small  strait  near  the  brook  just 
mentioned. 


40 


PHILIP'S  WAK. 


^y  concluded  to  M  mmi  the  great  pine  swamp, 
dbout  a  mile  from  the  road  that  leads  to  Sogkonate. 
"Now,"  says  Mr.  Church,  to  his  men,  "  if  we  follow 
this  track,  no  doubt  but'  we  shall  soon  see  Indians 
enouffh."  They  expressed  "their  willingness  to  fol- 
low me  track,  and  moved  [on]  in  it ;  but  [they]  had 
not  gone  far,  before  one  of  tnem  narrowly  escaped 
being  bit  with  a  rattlesnake ;  and  the  woods  that 
the  track  led  them  through  was  haunted  much  with 
those  snakes,  which  the  little  company  seemed  more 
to  be  afraid  of,  than  the  black  serpents  they  were  in 
quest  of;  and  therefore  bent  their  course  another 
way  to  a  place  where  they  thought  it  probable  to 
find  some  of  the  enemy.  Had  they  kept  the  track 
to  tl|e  pine  swamp,  they  had  been  certain  of  meet* 
ng  Indians  enough,  but  not  so  certain  that  any  of 
them  should  have  returned  to  give  [an]  account  how 
maiiy. 

Now  they  passed  down  into  Punkatees^neck,  and 
in  their  march  discovered  a  large  wigwam  full  of 
Indian  truck,  which  the  soldiers  were  for  loading 
themselves  with,  until  Mr.  Church  forbid  it ;  telling 
them  they  might  expect  soon  to  have  their  hands 
full  and  business  without  caring  for  plunder.  Then 
crossinff  the  head  of  the  creek  into  the  neck,  they 
again  discovered  fresh  Indian  tracks ;  [which  hadj 
very  lately  passed  before  them  into  the  neck.  They 
then  got  privately  a|id  undiscovered  unto  the  fence 
of  Captain  Almy'sf  peas  field,  and  divided  into  two 
parties;    Mr.  Church  keeping  the  one  party  w^th 

*  A  point  of  land  running  south  nearly  two  miles  between 
the  bay  and  Little  Gompton,  and  a  little  more  than  a  mile 
wide.  On  Lockwood's  map  of  Rbodeisland  it  is  called  Pun- 
catest.  It  is  the  wuthern  extremity  of  Tiverton,  and  has 
been  known  by  the  name  of  Pocasset  neck. 

t Captain  John  Almy,  Who  lived. on  Rbodeisland;  the 
same,  I  presume,  mentioned  in  the  beginning  of  this  bistory. 
The  land  is  now  owned  by  people  of  the  same  name,  and 
Mr.  S%nford  Almy,  an  aged  gentleman,  lives  near  the  4^* 


PHILIP'S  WaH. 


:»" 


■'^1 


c,,  •*-/. 


himself;  isent  the  other  wifli  1:lfS,*%fe'^^  ^^ 
quainted  with  the  grouncl,  on  the  other  side.  Two 
Indians  were  soon  discovered  coming  out  of  the 
peas  field  towards  them,  when  Mr.  Church  and  those 
that  were  with  him,  concealed  themselves  from  them 
by  falling  fiat  on  the  ground,  but  the  other  division, 
not  using  the  same  caution,  was  seen  bv  the  enemy, 
which  occasioned  them  to  run,  which,  when  Mr. 
Church  perceived,  he  showed  himself  to  them,  and 
called ;  telling  them  he  desired  but  to  speak  with 
them,  and  would  not  hurt  them.  But  they  ran  and 
Church  pursued.  The  Indians  climbed  over  a  fence, 
and  one  of  them  facing  about,  discharged  his  piece, 
but  without  effect;  on  the  English.  One  of  the  Eng- 
lish soldiers  ran  up  to  the  fence  and  fired  upon  him 
that  had  discharged  his  piece,  and  they  concluded 
by  the  yelling  they  heard^  that  the  Indian  was  wound- 
ed. But  the  Indians  soon  got  into  the  thickets, 
whence  they  saw  them  no  more  for  the  present. 

Mr.  Church  then  marching  over  a  plane  piece  of 
ground  where  the  woods  were  very  thick  6n  one 
side,  ordered  his  little  company  to  march  at  a  double 
distance  to  make  as  big  a  show,  (if  they  should  be 
discovered,)  as  might  be.  But  before  they  saw  an^ 
body  they  were  stuuted  with  a  volley  of  fifly  or  six- 
ty guns.  Some  bullets  came  very  surprisingly  near 
Mr.  Church,  who  starting,  looked  behind  him  to  see 
what  was  become  of  his  men,  expecting  to  have 
seen  half  of  them  dead  ^  but  seeing  them  all  upon 
their  legs,  and  briskly  firing  at  the  smokes  of  the 
enemies*  guns ;  Tfor  that  was  all  that  was  then  to 
be  seen.)f      He  Messed  God,  and  called  to  his  men 

*  As  the  name  of  Lake  is  not  mentioned  any  where  else  in 
this  history,  I  cannot  determine  who  this  was. 

t  This  was  indeed  very  remarkable,  as  it  appears  tnat 
nothing  prevented  the  Indians  from  taking  delioeiate  aun. 
The  truth  of  the  text  must  not  be  doubted,  but  certainly 
Jove  never  worked  a  greater  mii^cle  in  favour  of  the  Trojunt 
iX  the  siege  of  Troy,  than  Hesper  now  did  for  our  heroef , 


Puiup-a  W4if.  ^ 

=»ap  under  the  fence  Zh  ,T^"fl^  their  guns  to 
«t  wme  distanceTn  rtrld  *'.'!!!i "''""«  'he  other^ 
'"«.  that  if  the  e^^;  shoul/T' '°  '=''"«« '  hop." 

(to  ^in  a  shot  aTAose?h„.  ""'^P  I"  ^^^  fenc^ 
g"ns  )  they  might  be  su^ri^d  bv?l.  ''''"#'"?  'h"''' 
dor  the  fence.      But  cwSl^f  ?•  ^  """'^  '^at  Tie  un- 
the  hill  above  them"  thn^ii"  *^?  '°  »he  side  of 
covered  over  wi.h  f  j-        seemed  to  move  bpin» 

I'.'t.eringrthe'^ltlir^^^^^^^ 

pm-t  on  t^e  &„d  sSI  oflr^'^'T  »'  S^xlT- 
"wr  of  horse  and  foot  bv  thpm  T'^  '^'^  "  ""m- 
should  be  the  occaTn  •  nndn: J"**  ''°?''e"'d  what 
formed  that  the  boat^  had^JL^  '^'^  afterwards  in- 
ftonj  the  island,  and  h«n«nw  ^  """  "■«  morniuff 
,^°S'»''.  that  weTdeSnK  P^Y'^  "'"'"«»  "^ 

'^!!L!!i^:::i^att^^ 


♦  Xfce  bar  •  ' ».  7  -  > 

».^^rS*'^"'--«^erSr'   «  fro-"  throe 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


43 


buscaded,  arid  many  of  them  wounded    by  the  eiio- 
ray.* 

Now  o"r  ffentleman's  courage  and  conduct  were 
both  put  to  the  test.  He  encouraged  his  men,  and 
orders  some  to  run  and  take  a  wall  for  shelter  be- 
fore the  euemy  gained  it.  It  w,a8  time  for  them  now 
to  think  of  escaping  if  they  knew  which  way.  Mr. 
Church  orders  his  men  to  strip  to  their  white  shirts, 
that  the  islanders  might  discover  them  to  be  En^g- 
lishmen,  and  then  orders  three  guns  to  be  fired  dis- 
tinctly, hoping  [that]  it  might  be  observed  by  their 
friends  on  the  opposite  shore.  The  men  that  were 
ordered  to  take  the  wall  being  very  hungry,  stop- 
ped a  while  among  the  peas  to  gather  a  few,  be- 
ing about  four  rods  from  the  wall.  The  enemy  from 
behind,  hailed  them  with  a  shower  of  bullets.  But 
soon  all  but  one^me  tumbling  over  an  old  hedge 
down  the  bank/^wnere  Mr.  Church  and  the  rest  were 
and  told  him,  that  his  brother,  B*  Southworth,f  who 
was  the  man  that  was  missing,  was  killed ;  that  they 
saw  him  fall.  And  so  they  did  indeed  see  him  fall, 
but  it  was  without  a  shot,  and  lay  no  longer  than  till 
he  had  an  opportunity  to  clap  a  bullet  into  one  ol 
the  enemies'  foreheads,  and  then  came  running  to 
his  company. 

The  meanness  of  the  English  powder  was  now 
their  greatest  misfortune.  When  they  were  imme- 
diately upon  this  beset  with  multitudes  of  Indj^ns, 
who  possessed  themselves  of  every  rock,  stump,  tree 
or  fence,  that  was  in  sight,  firing  upon  them  without 

*  It  is  mentioned  in  .a  later  part  of  this  history,  that  Mr. 
Church's  servant  was  wounded  at  Pocasset,  while  there  after 
cattle.  Xhis  is  the  time  alluded  to.  Hubbard,  86,  says  that 
"  five  men  coming  from  Rhodeisland,  to  look  up  their  cattle 
upon  I^ocasset  neck,  were  assaulted  by  the  same  Indians ; 
one  of  the  five  was  Captain  Church's  servant,  who  had  his 
leg  broken  in  the  skirmish,  the  rest  hardly  escaping  with 
their  lives ;"  and,  that  "this  was  the  first  time  that  ever  any 
mischief  was  done  by  the  Indians  upon  Pccasset  neck.' 
This  was  on  the  same  day  of  the  battle  of  Punkatees. 

t  Brother  in  law  to  Mr.  Church. 


ruinsofastonehouseth« '!*?•*  theingelves  of  the 
"^'v,  they  had  no  wa^  t  nrevInTh''  '^"»-  ^o  that! 
fome  or  other  of  th/enpE,!!"'  'j""f  •!"'««  open  to 
before  them,  .3  thfy  dW  •T„'d''"t  .ft  H  "P  ^°»«« 
derfiilly  defended  4emK,I«.  «'". ''™vefy  and  won- 
bers  of  the  enemy.      ^'"  »«amst  all  the  num- 

-d  shorb«Tercpia''n' «-'»  «"«  ""- 

to  her,  as  made  her  t»//  .     ""eir  shot  so  warmlv 
Church  de,iC^*«;k«eP  at  so,„e  distance.  '^^^ 

fetch  them   on  board -bnTn^     ""  """"^  "^hore,  to 
menu,  cp^ld  prevail  wthlemTo"r'°"l"°'  «g"^ 
to  shore,    which  some^of  Mr   Ph   "f,*'""''""'n«e 
cewng,  began  to  cry  out    fc    rf  ^V"*«  men  per- 
«iem  off.  fo?  their  MmunL^  ^°^  "  ^'''^  '«  ta*o 
Church  beingsensible  of  fh  V^'  'P^"'-'  &«•    Mr 
hearing  their%omS„ts^d  t^«"  "^i'"'  «»«"?'«' 
^  with  the  weaknesr^H  Ja^  .•  ^^"'^  '»*''«  acquaint- 
'">«,  fiercely  caHed  t^rte  T'","''  °^'^''"  «""•»»- 

PT"tr;.rj'?d£S 

mat^^^'fi^elThictrS--^^^^^ 

qSTaThiL^tS^edtr;^^^^^^^^ 

^rhiH  indeed  wiii^^i^^r-r:,— — — ^  J-'"J 


/>3i»J;..,i-.A. 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


>;;-• , 


45 


hitherto  preserving  them,  that  it  encouraged  hirn  to 
l^lieve,  with  mucn  confidence,  that  God  would  yet 
preserve  them ;  that  nota  hair  of  their  heads  should 
fkll  to  the  ground  ;  bid  them  be  patient,  courageous, 
and  prudentlv  sparing  of  their  ammunition,  and  he 
made  no  doubt  but  they  should  come  well  off  yet, 
&c.  [Thus]  until  his  little  army  again  resolved, 
one  and  all,  to  stay  with,  and  stick  by  him.  One  of 
them,  by  Mr.  Church's  order,  was  pitching  a  flat 
stone  up  on  end  before  him  in  the  sand,  when  a  bul- 
let from  the  enemy  with  a  full  force,  struck  the 
stone  while  he  was  pitching  it  on  end,  which  put 
the  poor  fellow  to  a  miserable  start,  till  Mr.' Church 
i  called  upon  him  to  observe  how  God  directed  the 
I  bullets,  that  the  enemy  could  not  hit  him  when  in 
the  same  place,  [and]  yet  could  hit  the  stone  as  it 
was  erected.  • 

While  they  were  thus  making  the  best  defence 
[they  could  against  their  numerous  enemies,  that 
[made  the  woods  ring  with  their  constant  yelling  and 
shouting.  And  night  coming  on,  somebody  told 
Mr^  Church,  [that]  they  spied  a  sloop  up  the  river 
las  far  as  Goldisland,*  that  seemed  to  be  coming 
[down  towards  them.  He  looked  up  and  told  them, 
^that,  succour  was  now  coming,  for  he  believed  it  was 
Captain  Grolding,f  whom  he  knew  to  be  a  man  for 
business,  and  would  certainly  fetch  them  of.' if  he 
I  came.  The  wind  being  fair,  the  vessel  was  soon 
[with  them,  and  Captain  Golding  it  was.  Mr.  Church 
I  (as  soon  as  they  came  to  speak  with  one  another) 
[desired  him  to  come  to  anchor  at  such  a  distance 
\  from  the  shore,  that  he  might  veer  out  his  cable,  and 
[ride  afloat ;  and  let  slip  his  canoe,  that  it  might 

**  A  rery  small  led^  island  a  little  to  the  south  of  the  stone 
bridge,  near  the  middle  of  the  stream,  and  about  4  or  5  miles 
[from  where  they  were. 

1 1  find  nothing  relating  to  this  gentleman  excepting  what 
found  in  this  history.     vTe  may  infer  that  he  was  a  man  of 
rorth  and  confidence,  by  Mr.  Church's  entrusting  him  with 
[an  important  post  at  the  fight  when  Philip  was  killed. 


'I        -f^s 


46 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


drive  a  shore ;  which  directions  Captain  Golding 
observed.  But  the  enemy  gave  him  i'*'  h  a  warm 
salute,  that  his  sails,  colours  and  stern  were  full  of 
bullet  holes. 

The  canoe  came  ashore,  but  was  so  small  that 
she  would  not  bear  above  two  men  at  a  time ;  and 
when  two  were  got  aboard  they  turned  her  loose  to 
drive  a  shore  for  two  more.  And  the  sloop's  compa- 
ny kept  the  Indians  in  play  the  while.  But  when  at 
last  it  came  to  Mr.  Church's  turn  to  go  aboard,  he 
had  left  his  hat  and  cutlass  at  the  well,  where  he 
went  to  drink  when  he  first  came  down ;  he  told  his 
company,  [that]  he  would  never  go  off  and  leave 
his  hat  ana  cutlass  for  the  Indians,  [that]  they  should 
never  have  that  to  reflect  upon  him.  Though  he 
was  muth  dissuaded  from  it,  yet  he  would  go  and 
fetch  them.  He  put  all  the  powder  he  had  left  into 
nis  gun,  Tand  a  poor  charge  it  was)  and  went,  pre- 
sentmg  his  gun  at  the  enemy,  until  he  took  up  what 
he  went  for.  At  his  return  he  discharged  his  gun 
at  the  enemy,  to  bid  them  farewell  for  that  time ; 
but  had  not  powder  enough  to  carry  the  bullet-  half 
way  to  them.  Two  bullets  from  the  enemy  struck 
the  canoe  as  he  went  on  board,  one  grazed  the  hair 
of  his  head  a  little  before,  another  stuck  in  a  small 
stake  that  stood  right  against  the  middle  of  his 
breast.*  W"^*^■^^^*■0<»«,1^^^ "1^1-  >;>     -.ft;^  ",.,,.  ,  ;< . 

Npw  this  gentleman  with,  his  army^  making  in  all 
twenty  men,  himself  and  his  pilot  being  numbered 
vdth  them,  got  iall  safe  on  board,  after  six  hours  en- 
Jgagement  with  three  hundred  Indians;  [of]  whose 
numbers  we  were  told  afterwards  by  some  of  them- 

*  The  lofty  and  elegant  lines  of  Barlow,  on  the  conduct  of 
Gen.  Patnam.  at  the  battle  of.  Bunker's  hill,  will  admirably 
apply  to  our  hero.  .  i»  *X  j 

"  There  atriden bold  Putnam,  aiid  from  all  the  plain«,,t%i b^  -'m-'i 
Calls  the  tired  troops,  the  tardy  rear  sustains,  j  ^* 

And  mid  the  whizzinf  balls  that  skim  the  lowe  ' '/ 

%W^  t.  .W»T«»  bwH  his  sword,  ddios  the  following  foe." 


iiAzii/^ 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


4» 


iielveB.^  A  deliverance  which  that  good  gentleman 
ofien  mentions  to  the  glory  of  God,  and  his  protect* 
ing  providence. 

The  next  day,f  meeting  with  the  rest  of  his  little 
company,!  whom  he  had  left  at  Pocasset,  (that  had 
also  a  small  skirmish  with  the  Indians  and  had  two 
men  wounded)  they  returned  to  the  Mounthope  gar- 
ridoii,  which  Mr.  Church  used  to  call  the  losing 
fort. 

Mr.  Church  then  returned  to  the  island,  to  seek 
provision  for  the  army.  [There  he]  meets  with  Al- 
derman,^  a  noted  Indian,  that  was  just  come  over 
from  the  squaw  Sachem's  cape  of  Pocasset,  having 
deserted  from  her,  and  brought  over  his  fkmily,  who 
gave  him  an  account  of  the  state  of  the  Indians, 
aiid  where  each  of  the  Sagamore's  headquarters 
was.  Mr.  Church  then  discoursed  with  some,  who 
knew  the  spot  well,  where  the  Indians  said  Weeta- 
more's||  headquarters  were,  and  offered  their  service 
to  pilot  him  [to  it.] 

With  this  news  he  hastened  to  the  Mounthope 
garrison,  [and]  the  army  expressed  their  readiness  to 
embrace  such  an  opportunity.      - 

All  the  ablest  soldiers  were  now  immediately  drawn 
ofT,  equipped  and  despatched  upon  this  design,  un- 
der the  command  of  a  certain  officer  .IT  And  having 
marched  about  two  miles,  viz. ^  until  they  came  to 

—  I      I  I  U"  ■  i  I      '«"l|l    I  'I  11,1 

*  Hubbard  85,  says  that  there  Wv^re  seven  or  eight  scores. 
Mather,  following  him,  says  there  were  "  an  hundred  and 
almost  five  times  fifteen  terrible  Indianer.?'    Magnalia,  11, 

488t  'lAJW' 

t  July  19.  ^      ■  ■     ■%]  { 

X  On  Rhodeisland.  Mr.  Church  and  his  company  were 
trani^;rted  there,  as  were  Gapt.  Fi;llfr  and  his  company  be- 
fore.   See  note  1  oh  page  89.  ';  ''•''; 

§TheIndian  that  killed  Philip.    "^'^ 
H  (Squaw  Sachem  of  Pocasset.)  » 

An  account  of  this  "  old  Queen"  has  been  given.  3«« 
note  2  on  page  27. 

IT  I  have  not  learned  this  officer's  name,  but  it  was  Capt. 
H^enchman's  Lieutenant.    ■  ,  -^ , .  .:j^iM^i!^  ^y^^mip,  ij,,  -«*«*#;»- 


48 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


f 


I 


i' 


I 


the  cove  that  lies  southwest  from  the  Mount  where 
orders  were  given  for  a  halt.  The  commander  in 
chief  told  them  [that]  he  thought  it  proper  to  take 
advice  before  he  went  any  nirther;  called  Mr. 
Church  and  the  pilot  and  asked  them  how  they  knew 
that  Philip  and  all  his  men  were  not  by  that  time  got 
to  Weetamore's  camp;  or  that  all  her  own  men 
were  not  by  thai  time  returned  to  her  again,  with 
many  more  frightful  questions.  Mr.  Church  told 
him  [that]  they  had  acquainted  him  with  as  much  as 
they  Knew,  and  that  for  his  part  he  could  discover 
nothing  that  need  to  discourage  them  from  proceed- 
ing; that  he  thought  it  so  practicable,  that  he  with 
the  pilot,  would  willingly  lead  the  way  to  the  spot, 
and  hazard  the  brunt,  but  the  chief  commander  in- 
sisted 91^  this,  that  the  enemy's  numbers  were  so 
great,  and  he  did  not  know  what  numbers  more 
might  be  added  unto  thom  by  that  time ;  and  his 
company  so  small,  that  he  could  not  think  it  practi- 
cable to  attack  them ;  adding  moreover,  that  if  he 
were  sure  of  killing  all  the  enemy  and  knew  that  he 
must  lose  the  life  of  one  of  his  m^n  in  the  action, 
he  would  not  attempt  it.  "  Pray  sir,  then,"  Replied 
Mr.  Church,  [ — ^1*  "  lead  your  company  to  yonder 
windmill  on  Rhodeisland,  and  there  they  will  be  out 
of  danger  of  being  killed  by  the  enemy,  and  we 
shall  have  less  trouble  to  supply  viiemwith  provi- 
sions."* But  return  he  would  and  did  unto  the  gar- 
rison until  more  strength  <;ame  to  them,  and  a  sloop 
to  transport  them  to  FpilUriv|rt:|:  in.  04©'  to'  visit 
Weetamore's  camp.  '*"  v  / 

"     ;'  1  [Please  to.]  v    • 

fmm»         '■'     -■«M"— —  ■         ■  ■.^"■■-      ■'— "■  ■       ■-■  !■      I      »^  -     11    I      1—^.      ■  I  ami    ■■■■^^— ■— 

*The  action  related  in  the  next  paragraph  was  not  until 
they  returned  ;  though  it  might  be  understood  that  Church 
went  "  out  on  a  discovery"  before.  j^*;^  V 

t  ^South  part  of  Freetown.) 

It  IS  in  tbe  town  of  Troy,  which  was  taken  from  Freetown. 
Fallriver  is  a  local  name,  derived  from  a  stream  that  empties 
into  the  bay  about  a  mile  above  Tiverton  line.  Probabj^  no 
pl»ce  in  the  United  States  contains  so  many  fact^ierin 
so  small  a  compass  as  this. 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


49 


Mr.  Church,  one  Baxter,  and  Captain  Hunter,  an 
Indian,  proffered  to  go  out  on  the  discovery  on  the 
left  wing,  which  waa  accepted.  They  had  not 
marched  above  a  quarter  of  a  mile  before  they  start- 
ed three  of  the  enemy.  Captain  Hunter  wounded 
one  of  them  in  the  knee,  who  when  he  came  up  [to 
him]  he  discovered  to  be  his  near  kinsman.  .  The 
captive  desired  favour  for  his  squaw,  if  she  should 
fall  into  their  hands,  but  asked  none  for  himself;  cx< 
ceptinff  the  liberty  of  taking  a  whiff  of  tobacco; 
and  while  he  was  taking  his  whiff  his  kinsman,  with 
one  blow  of  i)is  hatchet,  despatched  him. 

Proceeding  to  Weetamore's  camp  they  were  dis- 
covered by  one  of  the  enemy,  who  ran  in  and  gave 
information.  Upon  which  a  lustv  young  fellow  left 
his  meat  upon  his  spit,*  running  nastily  out,  told  his 
companions  £that]  he  would  kiH  an  Englishman  be- 
fore ne  ate  his  dinner ;  but  failed  of  his  design ;  being 
no  sooner  out  than  shot  down.  The  enemies*  fires, 
and  what  shelter  they  had,  were  by  the  edge  of  a 
thick  cedar  swamp,  into  which  on  this  alarm  they 
betook  themselves,  and  the  English  as  nimbly  pursu- 
ed ;  but  were  soon  conunanded  back  by  their  chief- 
tain, [but  not  until]^  they  were  come  within  [the] 
hearing  of  the  cries  of  their  women  and  ch'«!aren; 
and  so  ended  that  exploit.  But  returning  to  their 
sloop  the  enemy  pursued  them,  and  wounded  t^o  of 
their  men.  The  next  day  they  returned  t<»  the 
Mounthope  garrison. f       - 

i[aftir] 

•  (Probably  a  wooden  spit.) 

t  These  operations  took  up  about  four  or  five  days»  hence 
we  have  arrived  to  the  13  or  14  July.  In  the  course  of  which 
time,  fourteen  or  fifteen  of  the  enemy  were  killed.  See 
Hubbard,  87.  Holmes,  I,  433.  These  individual  efforts 
were  of  far  more  consequence  than  the  manoeuvres  of 
the  main  army  during  the  same  time ;  yet  Hutchinson;  H. 
Adams,  and  some  others  since,  thought  them  not  worth  men- 
tioning. 


80 


f 


PHILIP'S    WAR.    . 


Soon  after  this  was  Philip's  headquarters  visited^ 
by  some  other  English  forces,  but  Philip,  and  his  gang 
had  the  very  fortune  to  escape,  that  Weetamore  and 
hers  (but  now  mentioned)  had.     They  took  into  ai 
swamp,  and  their  pursuers  were  commanded  back. 

After  this  Dartmouth'sf  distresses  required  succour, 
[a]  great  oart  of  the  town  being  laid  desolate,  and 
many  of  the  inhabitants  killed.     The  most  of  Ply- 

*  A  particular  account  of  this  affair  from  our  author,  would 
have  been  gratifying.  But  most  other  historians  before  and 
since  him,  nave  been  elaborate  upon  it. 

In  consequence  of  the  intelligence  gained  by  Mr.  Church, 
the  army,  after  finishing  the  treaty  with  the  Narragansete, 
before  named,  moved  to  I'aunton,  where  they  arrived  the  17 
July,  in  the  evening  ;  and  on  the  18,  marched  to  attack  Philip, 
who  was  now  in  a  great  swamp,  adjacent  to,  and  on  the  east 
aide  of  Taunton  river.  The  army  did  not  arrive  until  late 
in  the  day,  but  soon  entered  resolutely  into  the  swamp. 
The  underwood  was  thick,  and  the  foe  could  not  be 
seen.  The  first  that  entered  were  shot  down,  but  the 
rest  rushing  on,  soon  forced  them  from  their  hiding  places, 
and  took  possession  of  their  wigwams,  about  100  in  number. 
Night  coming  on,  each  was  in  danger  from  h  fellow  ;  firing 
at  every  bush  that  seemed  to  shake.  A  retr*  was  now  or- 
dered. Concluding  that  Philip  was  safe^  hci  ned  in,  the 
Massachtisetts  forces  marched  to  Boston,  and  the  Connecti- 
cut troops,  being  the  greatest  sufferers,  returned  home  ;  leav- 
ing those  of  Plymouth  to  starve  out  i\\Q  e^iemy.  Trumbull's 
Connecticut,  I,  332.  Ibid.  U.  S.  I.  140.  This  movement  of 
the  army  has  been  very  much  censured.  Had  they  pressed 
upon  the  enemy  the  next  day,  it  is  thought  they  would  have 
been  easily  subdued.  But  Philip  and  nis  warriours,  on  the 
1  August,  Defore  day,  passed  the  river  on  rafts,  and  in  great 
triumph,  marched  on  into  the  country  of  the  Nipmucks. 
About  16  of  the  English  were  killed.  Ibid.  Matner,  II 
488,  says  that  Philip  left  a  hundred  of  his  people  behind  who 
fell  into  the  hands  of  the  English.  It  is  sa' d  that  Philip  had 
a  brother  killed  in  this  tight,  who  was  a  i  hicf  Captain,  and 
had  been  educated  at  Harvard  College.     Hutch.  T,  265. 

,  t  That  part  of  Dartmouth  which  was  destroyed  b  about  5 
miles  S.  W.  from  Newbedford,  and  luiown  by  the  name  of 
Aponaganset.  '  The  early  histories  give  us  no  particulars 
about  the  affair,  and  few  mention  it  at  all.  Many  of  the  in- 
habitants moved  to  Rhodeisland.  Middleborough,  then  call- 
ed Nemasket,  about  this  time  was  mostly  burned ;  probably, 
while  the  treaty  was  concluding  with  the  Narragansets^ 


,,'ilc.:.  -...-«  ,ii^,.»-.(;i-'.4t-;.'*'.iiB:'.. 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


kl 


mouth  forces  were  ordered  thither.  And  coming  to 
RuMell^s  ffarrison^  at  Ponagan8et,f  they  met  with  a 
number  of  the  enemy,  that  had  surrendered  them- 
selves prisoners  on  terms  promised  by  Captain  Eels 
of  the  garrison,  and  Ralph  Earl,J  who  persuaded 
them  (by  a  friend  Indian  he  had  employed)  to  come 
in.  And  had  their  promise  to  the  Indians  been  kept, 
and  the  Indians  fairly  treated,  it  is  probable  that, 

*  The  cellars  of  this  old  garrison  are  ktill  to  be  seen. 
They  arc  on  the  north  bank  of  the  Aponaganset  about  a  mile 
from  its  mouth.  I  was  informed  by  an  inhabitant  on  the  spot, 
that  considerable  manoeuvring  went  ca  here  in  those  days. 
The  Indians  had  a  fort  on  the  opposite  side  of  thfe  river,  and 
used  to  show  themselves,  and  act  all  manner  of  mockery,  to 
aggravate  the  English ;  they  being  at  more  than  a  common 
gunshot  off.  At  one  time  one  made  his  appearance,  and 
turned  his  backside  in  defiance,  as  usual ;  but  some  one  hav- 
ing an  uncommonly  long  gun  fired  upon  him  and  put  an  end 
to  his  mimickry. 

A  similar  story  is  told  by  the  people  of  Middleborough, 
which  took  place  a  little  north  of  tne  town  hoase,  across  the 
Nemasket.  The  distance  of  the  former  does  not  render  the 
story  so  improbable  as  that  of  the  latter,  but  circumstances 
are  more  authentick.  The  gun  is  still  shown  which  performed 
the  astonishing  feat.  The  distance,  some  say  is  nearly  half 
a  mile,  which  is  considerable  ground  of  improbability.  That 
a  circumstance  of  this  kind  occurred  at  ooth  these  places, 
too,  is  a  doubt.  But  it  is  true  that  a  figLl  did  take  place 
acrosa  the  river  at  Middleborough.  The  Indians  came  to 
the  river  and  burned  a  grist  mill  which  stood  near  the  pre- 
sent site  of  the  lower  factory,  and  soon  after  drew  off.  The 
affair  has  been  acted  over  by  the  inhabitants  as  a  celebration 
not  many  years  since. 

t  (In  Dartmouth.)       i.M^via^s-i  ^'!3M.*-b*-/aafW4wiA;#,<rf;-5'  .    ' 

The  word  is  generally  pronounced  as  it  is  spelled  m  the 
text,  but  is  always,  especially  of  late,  written  Aponaganset. 
Mr.  Douglass,  it  appears  learned  this  name  Polyganset,  when 
he  took  a  survey  of  the  country.     See  his  Summary,  I,  403. 

i,  I  can  find  no  mention  of  tnese  two  gentlemen  in  any  of 
the  histories.  But  their  names  zre  Sufficiently  immortalized 
by  their  conduct  in  opposing  the  diabolical  acts  of  govern 
ment  for  selling  prisoners  as  slaves.  It  is  possible  that  they 
might  decline  serving  any  more  in  the  war,  after  being  so 
much  abused  ;  and  hence  were  not  noticed  by  the  historians, 
who  also  pass  over  this  black  page  of  our  history,  as  lightly 
as  possible. 


62 


PHILIPHS  WAR. 


\\ 


. 


most,  if  not  all,  the  Indians  in  thoie  parts  had  1000 
followed  the  example  of  those,  who  had  now  sttnron- 
dered  themselves,  which  would  have  been  a  good 
step  towards  finishing  the  war.  But  in  spite  of  i^ 
that  Captain  Eels,  Church  or  Earl  could  say,  argue, 
plead  or  beg,  somebody  else  that  had  more  power  in 
their  hands,  improved  it.  And  without  an^  regard 
to  the  promises  made  them  on  their  surrendering  them- 
selves, they  were  carried  away  to  Plymouth,  there  sold, 
and  transported  out  of  the  country,  being  about  eight 
score  persons.*  An  action  so  hateful  to  Mr.  Church, 
that  he  opposed  it,  to  tlie  loss  of  the  good  will  and 
resnects  of  some  that  before  were  his  good  friends. 
But  while  these  things  were  acting  at  Dartmouth, 
Philip  made  his  escape  ;f  leaving  his  country,  fled 
over  Taunton  river,  and  Rehoboth  plain,  and  Patux- 
etj  river,  where  Captain  Edmunds^  of  Providence, 
made  some  spoil  upon  him,  and  hsul  probably  done 
more,  but  was  prevented  by  the  coming  of  a  sup^ri- 
our  officer,  that  put  him  by.  II 

*With  regret  it  U  mentioned  that  the  venerable  John 
Winthrop  was  Governour  of  Connecticut,  (Connecticut  and 
Newhaven  now  forming  but  one  colony)  the  Hon.  John 
Leverett  of  Massachusetts,  and  the  Hon.  Josiah  Winslow  of 
Plymouth.  Rhodeisland,  because  they  chose  freedom  rather 
than  «lavery,  had  not  been  admitted  into  the  Union.  From 
this  history  it  would  seem  that  one  Cranston  was  Governour 
of  Rhodeisland  at  this  time  ;  but  that  colony  appean^  not  to 
be  implicated  in  this  as  well  as  many  other  acts  of  malead- 
ministration.    See  note  2  on  page  38. 

t  An  account  of  which  is  given  in  note  1,  page  50. 

f  Douglass  wrote  this  word  Patuket,  as  it  is  now  pronounc- 
ed. Summary,  I,  400.  It  is  now  often  written  Patuxet.  It 
IS  Blackstone  river,  or  was  so  called  formerly. 

6  I  find  no  other  account  ^of  this  officer  in  the  Indian  vriin^ 
only  what  b  hinted  at  in  this  history ;  from  which  it  appears 
that  he  was  more  than  once  employed,  and  was  in  the  east- 
ern war. 

II  Hubbard,  91,  says  that  Philip  had  about  thirty  of  his 
puty  killed ;  but  he  takes  no  notice  of  Capt.  Edmunds*  be- 
iBg jNil  by.    He  said  that  Capt.  Henchman  came  up  to  tbevt 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


53 


And  now  another  fort  was  buiit  at  i*ocaSeti*  that 
proved  as  troublesome  and  chargeable  as  that  at 
Mounthope ;  and  the  remainder  of  the  summer  was 
improved  in  providing  for  the  forts  and  forces  there 
maintained ;  while  our  enemies  were  fled  some  hun- 
dreds of  miles  into  the  country  near  as  far  as  Alba- 

ny-t ■ 

but  not  till  the  skirmish  was  oyer.  "  But  why  Philip  was 
followed  no  further,"  he  says,  "  is  better  to  suspend  than  too 
critically  to  inquire  into."  Hence  we  may  conclude  that 
the  pursuit  was  countermanded  by  Capt.  Henchman,  who 
when  too  late  followed  after  the  enemy  without  any  success. 

*  The  fort  here  meant  was  built  to  prevent  Philip's  escape 
from  the  swamp  before  mentioned.  See  note  1,  on  page  50. 
Mr.  Church  appears  early  to  have  seen  the  folly  of  fort 
building  under  such  circumstances.  While  that  at  Mount- 
hope  was  building,  he  had  n^een  Philip  gaining  time;  and 
while  this  was  building  to  confine  him  to  a  swamp,  he  was 
marching  off  k*  triumph. 

t  Here  appears  a  large  chasm  in  our  histor^r  including  about 
four  months,  namely,  from  the  escape  of  Philip  on  the  1  Au- 
gust^ to  December ;  during  which  time  many  circumstances 
transpired  worthy  of  notice,  and  necessary  to  render  this 
history  more  perfect.  Mr.  Church  appears  to  have  quitted 
the  war,  and  is,  perhaps,  with  his  family. 

Philip  having  taken  up  his  residence  among  the  Nipmucks 
or  Nipnets,  did  not  fail  to  engage  them  in  his  cause. 

On  the  14  July  a  party  killed  4  or  5  people  at  Mendon 
a  town  37  miles  southwest  of  Boston. 

August  2,  Capt.  Hutchinson  with  30  horsemen  went  to  re- 
new the  treaty  with  those  Indians  at  a  place  appointed,  near 
Quabaog,  (now  Brookfield)  a  town  about  60  miles  nearly 
west  from  Boston ;  but  on  arriving  at  the  place  appointed, 
the  Indians  did  not  appear.  So  he  proceeded  4  or  5  miles 
beyond,  towards  their  chief  town^  when  all  at  once,  some 
hundreds  of  them  fired  upon  the  company.  Eight  were  shot 
down,  and  8  others  were  wounded.  Among  the  latter  was 
Capt,  Hutchinson  who  died  soon  after.  The  remainder  escap- 
ed to  Quabaog,  and  the  Indians  pursued  them.  But  the  Eng- 
lish arrived  in  time  to  warn  the  inhabitants  of  the  danger, 
who  with  themselves  crowded  into  one  house.  The  otner 
houses  (about  20)  were  immediately  burned  down.  They 
next  besieged  the  house  containing  the  inhabitants  (about 
70)  ind  the  soldiers.     This  they  exerted  themselves  to  fire 

_-5*     -       -^    V 


♦  "^ '  K  y--**-^ 


54 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


And  now  strong  suspicions  began  to  arise  of  the 
Narraganset^  Indians,  that  they  were  ill  affected  and 

^  ^*  I  I  II       .1  I  ■  I  I     .  _      "  -  .    I' 

i,lM>,  with  tarious  success  for  two  days,  and  on  the  third  they 
nearly  effected  their  object  by  a  stratagem.  They  filled  a  i 
cart  with  combustibles  and  set  it  on  fire,  and  by  means  of 
spUcinji;  poles  together  had  nearly  broiu;ht  the  flames  in  con- 
tact with  the  house,  when  Major  Wtllard  arrived  with  48 
dragoons  and  dispersed  them.    See  American  Ann.  I,  433, 

The  Indians  about  Hadley,  who  had  hitherto  kept  up  the 
show  of  friendship,  now  deserted  their  dwelling  and  drc~«v 
off  after  Philip.  Toward  the  last-  of  August,  Capt.  Beers 
and  Capt.  Lotnro^  pursued  and  overtook  them,and  a  fiierce 
battle  was  fought,  in  which  10  of  the  English  and  36  Indians 
were  killed.       ' 

September  1,  they  burned  Deerfield  and  killed  one  of  the 
inhabitants.  The  same  day  (being  a  fast)  they  fell  upon 
Hadley  while  the  peoni';  :  re  at  meeting,  at  which  tney 
were  overcome  with  eo  n.    At  this  crisis,  a  venerable 

gentleman  in  singular  ai^.t>  appeared  among  them,  and  put- 
ting himself  at  their  head,  rushed  upon  the  Indians  and  dis- 
persed them,  then  disappeared.  The  inhabitants  thpu^tan 
angel  had  appeared,  and  led  them  to  victory.  But  it  was 
General  Gone,  one  of  the  Judges  of  King  Charles  I,  who  was 
secreted  in  the  town.  See  President  Stiles'  history  of  the 
Judges,  109,  and  Holmes,  I,  434. 

About  11  September  Capt.  Beers  with  36  men  went  up  ^hc 
river  to  observe  how  things  stood  at  a  new  plantation  called 
Squakeag,  now  Northfield.  The  Indians  a  few  days  before 
(but  unknown  to  them)  had  fallen  upon  the  place  and  killed 
9  or  10  persons,  and  now  laid  in  ambush  for  the  English, 
whom  it  appears  they  expected.  They. had  to  march  nearly 
30  miles  through  a  hideous  forest.  On  arriving  within  three 
miles  of  the  place,  they  were  fired  upon  by  a  hmt  of  enemies, 
and  a  large  proportion  of  their  number  fell.  The  others 
gained  an  eminence  and  fought  bravely  till  their  Captain 
was  slain,  when  they  fled  in  every  direction.  Sixteen  only 
escaped.    Hubbard,  107. 

^  On  the  18th  following,  as  Capt.  Lothrop  with  80  men  was 
guarding  some  carts  from  Deerfield  to  Hadley,  they  were 

'  fallen 


*  It  was  believed  that  the  Indians  generally  returned  from 
the  western  frontier  along  the  Connecticut,  and  took  up 
their  winter  quarters  among  the  Narragansets:  but  whether 
Philip  did  is  uncertain.  Some  suppose  that  he  visited  the 
Mohawks  and  Canada  Indians  for  assistance. 


i^-v  -^^  I  ,_,- 


■ii^^ftwl. 


PKfLIP*S  WAR. 


U 


designed  mischief.  And  so  the  event  soon  disco- 
vered. The  next  winter  they  began  their  hostilities 
upon  the  English.  The  united  colonies  then  agreed 
to  send  an  army  to  suppress  them :  Governour  Wins- 
low  to  command  the  army.* 

He  undertaking  the  expedition,  invited  Mr.  Church 
to  command  a  company,  [ — ]*  which  he  declined ; 

1  [in  the  expedition]- 

fallen  upon,  and,  including  teamsters,  90  were  slain  ;  7  or 
8  only  escaped.    Ibid.  lOB. 

October  5,  the  Springfield  Indians  having  been  joined  by 
about  SOO  of  Philip's  men  began  the  destruction  of  Spring- 
field. But  the  attack  beinc  expected,  Major  Treat  was  sent 
for,  who  was  then  at  Westfield,  and  arrived  in  time  to  save 
much  of  the  town  from  the  flames,  but,  S3  houses  were 
consumed.    Holmes,  1, 495. 

October  19,  Hatfield  was  assaulted  on  all  sides  by  7  or  800 
Indians,  but  there  being  a  considerable  number  of  men  well 
prepared  to  receive  them^  obliged  them  to  flee  without  doing 
much  damage.  A  few  out  Ijuildings  were  burned,  and 
some  of  the  defenders  killed,  but  we  have  no  account  how 
many.  Holmes,  1, 425,  says  this  afiair  took  place  at  Hadley  ; 
but  Hubbard  whom  he  cites,  116,  says  it  was  at  Hatfield. 
The  places  are  only  s'^parated  by  a  bridge  over  the  Con- 
necticut, and  were  formerly  included  under  the  same  name. 

Mr.  Hoyt  in  his  Antiquarian  Researches,  136,  thinks  that 
it  was  in  this  attack  that  Gen.  Gofie  made  his  appearance, 
because  Mr.  Hubbard  ta^es  no  notice  of  an  attack  upon  that 
place  in  Sept.  1675,  which,  if  there  had  been  one,  it  would 
not  have  escaped  his  notice.  But  this  might  have  been  un- 
noticed by  Mr.  Hubbard  as  well  as  some  other  affairs  of 
the  war. 

Thus  are  some  of  the  most  important  events  sketched  in 
our  hero's  absence;  and  we  may  now  add  concerning  him 
what  Homer  did  of  Achilles'  return  to  the  siege  of  Troy. 

Then  great  Achilles,  terroar  of  the  plain, 
Long  lost  to  battle,  shone  in  arms  again. 

lUad,  II,  B.  XX,  67<f^? 
*  It  was  to- consist  of  1000  men  and  what  friendly  Indians 
would  join  them.  Massachusetts  was  to  furnish  537,  Fly- 
mouth  158,  Connecticut  315.  Major  Robert  Treat  with 
those  of  Connecticut,  Maj.  Bradford  with  those  of  ^ymouth, 
amA  Maj.  Samuel  Appleton  with  those  of  Massachusetts. 
The  whole  under  Gen.  Josiab  Wiaslow.    American  Annals, 


56 


FHiLlP*S  WAR. 


^-"V 


♦a.til.-'^- 


craving  excuse  from  taking  [a]  commisiion,  [but] 
ne  promises  to  wait  upon  him  as  a  Reformado  [a  vo' 
lunteer]  through  the  expedition.  Having  rode  with 
the  General  to  Boston,  and  from  thence  to  Rehoboth, 
upon  the  GeneraPs  request  he  went  thence  the  near- 
est way  over  the  ferries,  with  Major  Smith,*^  to  his 
garrison  in  the  Narraganset  country,  to  prepare  and 
provide  for  the  coming  of  General  Winslow,  who 
marched  round  through  the  country  with  his  arm^, 
proposing  by  night  to  surprise  Pumham,f  a  certam 
Narraganset  sachem,  and.  his  town ;  but  being  aware 

^  of  the  approach  of  our  army,  made  their  escape,  in- 
to the  deserts]:.  But  Mr.  Church  meeting  with  fair 
winds,  arrived  safe  at  the  Major^s  garrison  in  the 
evening,^'  and  soon  began  to  inquire  after  the  ene- 
my's resorts,  wigwams  or  sleeping  places ;  and  hav- 
ing gained  some  intelligence,  he  proposed  to  the  £1- 
dndges  and  some  other  brish  hands  that  he  met  with, 
to  attempt  the  surprising  of  some  of  the  enemy,  to 
make  a  present  of,  to  the  General,  when  he  should 
arrive,  which  might  advantage  his  design.  Being 
brisk  blades  they  readily  complied  with  the   mo- 

,,  tion,  and  were  soon  upon  their  march.  The  night 
was  very  cold,  but  blessed  with  the  moon.     Before 

*  This  gentleman,    Mr.   Hubbacd  informs  us,  Nar.  128 
]i|fed  in  Wickford  where  the  arm^  was  to  take  up  its  head- 
quartera.    Wickford  is  about  9  miles  N.  W.  from  Newport 
on  Narraganset  bay. 

t  rSachem  of  Shawomot  or  Warwick.) 
X    This  Sachem  had  signed  the  treaty  in  July,  wherein  such 

treat  faith  and  fidelity  were  promised.  See  note  3  on  page 
6.  A  few  days  before  the  |(reat  swamp  fight  at  Narraganset 
Capt.  Prentice  destroyed  his  town  after  it  was  deserted.  But 
m  July,  1676,  he  was  killed  by  some  of  the  Massachusetts 
men,  near  Dedham.  A  grandson  of  his  was  taken  before 
this,  by  a  party  under  Capt.  Denison,  who  was  esteemed  the 
best  soldier  and  most  warlike  of  all  the  Narr&ganset  chiefs. 
Trumbull,  I,  345. 

I  It  appears  that  all  did  not  escape  into  the  deserts.    The 
beroick  Capt  Mosely  captured  36  on  his  way  to  Wickford. 
$Decemberll.  ^  M^i^J 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


^7 


i^7- 


iiedtty  broke  they  effected  their  exploit ;  and,  by 

llhe  rimngof  the  sun,  arrived  at  the  Major's  ffarrison, 

(where  they  met  the  General,  and  presented  him  with 

leiffhteeii  of  the  enemy,  [which]  they  had  captivated. 

pnie  Genera],  pleased  with  the  exploit,  gave  them 

ythadks,  particularly  to  Mr.  Church,  the  mover  and 

chief  actor  of  the  business.    And  sending  two  of 

I  them  (likely  boys)  [as]  a  present  to  Boston ;  [and] 

smihng  on  Mr.  Church,  toid  him,  that  he  made  no 

doubt  but  his  faculty  would  supply  them  with  In- 

jcuan  boys  enough  before  the  war  was  ended. 

Their  next  move  was  to  a  swamp,^  which  the  In- 
{dians  had  fortified  with  a  fort.t    Mr.  Church  rode  in 
the  General's  guard  when  the  bloody    ngagement^ 

'Hubbard,  1S6,  says  that  .he  anny  was  piloted!  to  this 

[place  by  one  Peter,  a  fugitive  Indian,  who  fled  from  the  Nar- 

ragansets,  upon  some  discontent,  and  to  him  theywer«in- 

I  debted,  in  a  great  measure  for  their  success.    How  long  be- 

!  fore  the  army  would  have  found  the  enemy,  or  on  what  part 

;  of  the  fort  they  woidd  have  fallen,  is  unceirtain.     It  appears, 

that  had  thev  come  upon  any  other  part,  they  must  have 

oeen  repulsed.    Whether  this  Peter  was  the  son  of  Awash- 

onks,  or  Peter  Nunnuit,  the  husband  of  Weetamore,  the 

Queen  of  Pocasset,  is  uncertain.     But  llr.  Hubbard  styles 

him  a  fugitive  from  the  Narragansets.     if  he  were  a  Narra- 

ganset,  he  was  neither. 

t  Before  this,  on  the  14,  a  scout  under  Sergeant  Bennet  kill- 
ed two  and  took  four  prisoners.    The  rest  of  the  same  conapa- 
n^,  in  ran^ngthecoiintry,  came  upon  a  town,  burned  15G 
f  igwams,  killed  7  of  the  enemy  ana  btv'mght  in  ei|$ht  priso- 
ners.    On  the  15,  some  Indians  came  uuder  t;h:  pretence  of 
making  peace,  and  on  their  return  killed  several  of  the  Eng- 
lish, who  were  sca^iered  on  their  own  business.     Captain 
Mosely,  while  escorting  M^.  Appleton's  men  to  auarters, 
I  was  fired  upon  by  20  or  30  oi  the  enemy  from  behind  a  stone 
I  wall,  but  were  immediately  dispersed,  leavins  one  dead.     On 
the  16,  they  received  the  news  that  Jerry  ^U's  garrison  at 
Pcttyquamscot,  was  burned,  and  15  persons  killed.     On  the 
18,  the  Connecticut  forces  arrived,  who  on  their  way  had 
I  taken  and  killed  1 1  of  the  enemy.    The  united  forces  now  aet 
put,  Dec.  19,  for  the  headquarters  of  the  enemy.     The  wea- 
ther was  severely  cold  and  much  snow  upon  the  ground. 
I  They  arrived  upon  the  borders  of  the  swamp  about  one 
o'clock.    Hubbard,  128  to  ISO.  -       V; 


.#.1fv 


■  f.- 


SB 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


f  ne 


began.  But  being  impatient  of  being  out  of  tli« 
heat  of  the  action,  importunately  begged  leave  of  tlie 
General,  that  he  might  run  down  to  the  assistance  of 
his  friends.  The  General  yielded  to  his  request, 
provided  he  could  rally  some  hands  to  go  with  him. 
Thirty  men  immediately  drew  out  and  followed  him. 
They  entered  the  swamp,  and  passed  over  the  log, 
that  was  the  passage  into  the  fort,  where  they  saw 
many  men  and  several  valiant  Captains  lie  slain.^ 
Mr,  Church  spying  Captain  Gardner  of  Salem, 
amidst  the  wigwams  in  the  east  end  of  the  fort,  made 
towards  him;  but  on  a  sudden,  while  they  were 
looking  each  other  in  the  face,  Captain  Gardner  set- 
tled down.  Mr.  Church  stepped  to  him,  and  seeing 
the  blood  run  down  his  cheek  lifted  up  his  cap,  and 
calling  hi\n  by  his  name,  he  looked  up  in  his  face 
but  ^pake  not  a  word ;  being  mortally  shot  throygh 
the  head.  And  observing  his  wound,  Mr.  Church 
found  the  bail  entered  his  head  on  the  side  that  was 
next  the  upland,  where  the  English  entered  the 
swamp.  Upon  v/hich,  having  ordered  some  care  to 
be  taken  of  the  Captain,  he  despatched  informatior 
to  the  General,  that  the  best  and  forwardest  of  h 
army,  that  hazarded  their  lives  to  enter  the  fort  upon 
the  muzzles  of  the  enemy's  guns,  were  shot  in  their 
backs,  and  killed  by  them  that  lay  behind.  Mr. 
Chuich  with  his  small  company,  hastened  out  of  the 
fort  (that  the  English  were  now  possessed  of)  to  get 
a  shot  at  the  Indi  i  that  were  in  the  swamp, 
and  kept  firing  upon  them.  He  soon  met  with  a 
broad  and  bloody  track  where  the  enemy,  had  fled 
with  their  wounded  men.  Following  hard  in  the 
track,  he  soon  spied  one  of  the  enemy,  who  clapped 
his  gun  across  his  breast,  made  towards  Mr.  Church, 
and  beckoned  to  him  with  his  hand.  Mr.  Church 
immediately  commanded  no  man  to  hurt  him,  hop- 


_  *  Six  Captains  were  killed.  Captains  Davenport^  Gardi' 
ner  and  Johnson  of  Massachusetts ;  Gallop,  Siely  and  Mar- 
shall of  Connecticut.  No  mention  is  made  that  any  ofiicen 
were  killed  belonging  to  Plymouth. 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


59 


ing  by  him  to  haye  gained  some  intelligence  of  the 
I  enemy,  that  might  be  of  advantage.     But  it  unhappi- 
ly  fell  out,  that  a  fellow  that  had  lagged  behind, 
coming  up,  shot  down  the  Indian ;  to  Mr.  Church's 
great  grief  and  disappointment.     But  immediately 
they  heard  a  great  shout  of  the  enemy,  which  seem- 
ed to  '»je  behind  them  or  between  them  and  the  fort^ 
and  discovered  them  running  from  tree  to  tree  to  gain 
advantages  of  firing  upon  me  'English  that  weie  in 
the  fort.     Mr.  Church's  great  difficulty  now  was, 
how  to  discover  himself  to  his  friends  in  the  fort ; 
using  several  inventions,  till  at  length  he  gained  an 
[opportunity  to  call  to,  and  informed  a  Seigeant  in 
ithe  fort,  that  he  was  there  and  might  be  exposed  to 
{their  shots,  unless  they  observed  it."    By  this  time  he 
jdiscoveited  a  number  of  the  enemy,  almost  within 
[shot  of  him,  making  towards  the  fort.     Mr.  Church 
[and  his  company  were  favoured  by  a  heap  of  brush 
[that  was  between  them,  and  the  enemy,  and  pre- 
[vented  their  being  discovered  to  them.     Mr.  Churcli 
[had  given  his  men  their  particular  orders  for  firing 
[upon  the  enemy.     And  as  they  were  rising  up  to 
[make  their  shot,  the  aforementioned  Sergeant  in  the 
:fort,  called  out  to   them,  for  God's  sake  not  to  fire, 
for  he  believed  they  were  some  of  their  friend  In- 
dians.    They  clapped  down  again,  but  were  soon 
sensible  of  the  Sergeant's  mistake.     The  enemy  got 
to  the  top  of  the  tree,  the  boc^y  whereof  the  Sergeant 
stood   upon,  and  there  clapped  down  out   of  sight 
of  the  fort;  but  all  this  while  never  discovered  Mr. 
Church,  who  observed  them  to  keep  gathering  unto 
that  place  until  there   seemed  to  be  a  formidable 
black  heap  of  them.     "  Now  brave  boys,"  said  Mr. 
Church  to  his  men,  "  if  we  mind  our  hits  we  may 
have  a  brave  shot,  and  let  our  sign  for  firing  on  them, 
be  their  rising  to  fire  into  tlie  fort."   It  was  not  long 
before  the  Indians  rising  up  as  one  body,  designing 
to  pour  a  volley  into  the  fort,  when  our  Church 
nimbly  started  up,  and  gave  them  such  a  round  vol- 


60 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


■V 


lev,  and  unexpected  clap  on  their  backs,  that  ihsy, 
who  escaped  with  their  lives,  were  so  surprised,  that 
they  scampered,  they  knew  not  whither  themselves. 
About  a  dozen  of  them  ran  right  over  the  log  into 
the  fort,  and  took  into  a  sort  of  hovel  that  was  built 
with  poles,  after  the  muiner  of  a  com  crib.  Mr. 
Church's  men  having  their  cartridges  fixed,  were 
noon  ready  to  obey  his  orders,  which  were  immedi- 
ately, to  charge  andmn  [ — y  upon  the  hovel  and  over- 
set it ;  calling  as  he  ran  on,  to  some  that  were  in  the 
fort,  to  assist  him  in  oversetting  it.  They  no  soc  \er 
came  to  face  the  enemy's  shelter,  but  Mr.  Church 
discovered  that  one  of  them  had  found  a  hole  to 

Eint  his  gun  through  right  at  him.  But  however 
e]  encouraged  his  company,  and  ran  right  on,  till 
was  struck  with  three  bullets ;  one  in  his  thigh, 
which  was  near  half  cut  off  as  it  glanced  on  the 
joint  of  his  hip  bone ;  another  through  the  gather- 
ings of  his  breeches  and  drawers  with  a  small  flesh 
wound ;  a  third  pierced  his  pocket,  and  wounded  a 
pair  of  mittens  that  he  had  borrowed  of  Captain 
Prentice ;  being  wrapped  up  together,  had  the  mis- 
fortune of  having  many  holes  cut  through  them  with 
one  bullet.  But  however  he  made  shift  to  keep  on 
his  legs,  and  nimbly  discharged  his  gun  at  ihem  that 
had  wounded  him.  Being  disabled  now  to  go  a  step, 
his  men  would  have  carried  him  off,  but  he  forbid 
their  touching  of  him,  until  they  had  perfected  their 
project  of  oversetting  the  enemy's  shelter ;  bid  them 
run,  for  now  the  Indians  had  no  guns  charged. 
While  he  was  urging  them  to  run  on,  the  Indians  be- 
gan to  shoot  arrows,  and  with  one  pierced  through 
the  arm  of  an  Englishman  that  had  hold  of  Mr 
Church's  arm  to  support  him.  The  English,  in  short, 
were  discouraged  and  drew  back.  And  by  this 
time  the  English  people  in  the  fort  had  begun  to  set 
6re  to  the  wigwams  -aud  houses  in  the  fort,  which 
Mr.  Church  la^dwed  hard  to  prevent*  They  told  him 


fwi] 


■w 


;^-  y 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


m 


[that]  they  had  orders  from  the  General  to  burn 
them.    He  begged  them  to  forbear  unlil  he  had  dis- 
coursed with  the  General.     And  hastening  to  him, 
he  begged  to  spare  the  wigwamst  d^c,  m  the  fort 
from  fire.     [And]  told  him  [Uiat]  the  wigwams  were 
mubket  proof;  being  all  lined  with  baskets  and  tubs 
of  grain  and  other  provisions,  safiicient  to  supply 
the  whole  army,  until  the  spring  of  the  year,  and 
every  wounded  n;ar  might  have  a  good  nmrm  home 
to  lodge  in,  who  o^'herwise  would  necessarily  perish 
with  the  storms  and  cold ;  and  moreover  that  the 
army  had  no  other  piovisicms  to  trust  unto  or  depend 
upon;  that  he  knew  that  the  Plymouth  forces  had 
rot  so  much  as  one  [biscuU]^  left,  for  he  had  seen 
their  last  dealt  out,  6lc.*    The  General  advising  a 
few  words  with  the  gentlemen  that  were  about  him 
moved  towards  t|ie  fort,  designing  to  ride  in  himself 
and  bring  in  the  whole  army ;  but  just  as  he  was  en~ 
tering  the  swamp  one  of  his  Captains  met  him,  and 
as4ied  him,  whither  he  was  going  9  He  told  him  **In 
to  the  fort."    The  Captain  laid   hold  of  his  horse 
and  told  him,  [that]  his  life  was  worth  an  hundred  of 
theirs,  and  [that]  he  should  not  expose  himself.    The 
General  toul  him,  that,  he  supposed  the  brunt  was 
over,  and  that  Mr.  Church  had  informed  him  that 
the  fort  was  taken,  6lc.  ;  and  as  the  case  was  cir- 
cumstanced) he  was  of  the  mind,  that  it  was  most 
practicable  for  him  and  his  army  to  shelter  them- 
selves in  the  fort.     The  Captain  in  a  great  heat  re- 
plied, that  Church  lied;  and  told  the  General,  that, 
if  he  moved  another  step,  towards  the  fort  he  would 
shoot  his  horse  under  him.    Then   [bristled]^  up 
i[biskake]  a^brasled] 

.  ^^l■■l      .1  ■ ■         _■  ,    ■— ■         ..  I  ■■  fc ■■!       ...      I   ■■     ■■   ^. 'ifc 

*  Thus  the  heroick  Church  discoi^ered  not  only  g^eat 
bravery  in  battle,  but  judgment  and  forethought.  Had  his 
advice  been  taken,  no  doubt  many  lives  would  have  been 
saved.  It  may  be  remarked,  that  notwithstanding  Mr. 
Church  so  distinguished  himself  in  this  fight,  his  name  is  not 
inen<Roined  by  our  chief  historia  ns. 


.:..^f 


ea 


PHIUPn»  WAIt 


•notlier  gentletiian*  •  ceruin  Doctor**  Mid  oppoMNi 
Mr.  Churches  advice,  and  said*  [thai]  if  it  w«r«  com* 
plied  with,  it  would  kill  mor«  meii  Uian  tht>  ananiy 
luKi  killed.  '*  For  (said  he)  bv  tomorrow  the  wound* 
ed  men  will  be  so  stilf,  that  there  will  be  ho  moving 
of  them.**  And  looking  upon  Mr.  Church,  and  tee* 
ing  the  blood  flow  apace  firom  his  wound  :<«  told  him, 
that  if  he  gave  such  advice  as  that  witn,  he  iihould 
bleed  to  death  like  a  dog,  before  thoy  would  t^ndeu- 
vour  to  stanch  his  blo^.  Though  aAcr  tho^  had 
prevailed  against  his  advice  they  were  suflloiontly 
kind  to  him.  And  burning  up  all  tlio  Iiouioh  and 
provisions  in  the  fort,  the  army  returnod  Uio  lainii 
night  in  the  storm  anu  cold.  And  1  Nuopo^o  that 
every  one  who  is  acquainted  with  tluu  nignt^s  innrcli, 
deeply  laments  the  miseries  that  attended  tiiuni; 
especially  the  wounded  and  dying  meu.+  But  it 
mercifully  came  to  pass  Umt  Captain  Anurow  Bel- 
cher|  arrived  at  Mr.  Smithes  that  very  night  from 
Boston  with  a  vessel  laden  with  provisions  for  the 
army,  which  must  otherwise  have  perished  for  want. 
Some  of  the  enemy  that  wore  tlion  in  the  fort  have 
-since  informed  us  tliat,  near  a  third  of  the  Indians 
belonging  to  all  the  Narragauset  country,  were  kill- 

*  I  have  not  been  able  to  learn  the  name  of  the  befbrei.  *'n- 
tioned  Captain  nor  Doctor.  PerhapM  it  in  an  we!l  if  their 
memoriea  De  buried  in  oblivion.  Trumbull  iftyt  that,  thsy 
bad  the  best  surgeons  which  the  country  could  produce. 
Hist.  Con.  I,  340.  In  another  place,  I,  d4fi,  Mr.  uorihom 
Bulkleyjhesays,  "  was  viewed  one  of  the  greatest  physicians 
and  surgeons  then  in  Connecticut." 

fWhat  rendered  their  situation  more  intolerable,  was, 
bende  the  severity  of  the  cold,  a  tremendous  storm  Ailed  the 
atmosphere  with  snow  ;  through  which  they  had  IS  miles  to 
mart*.h  before  they  arrived  at  their  headquarters.  Sen  Hist. 
Connecticut,  I,  340. 

J  The  father  of  Govcrnour  Belcher.  He  lived  at  Cam- 
bridge, and  was  one  of  liis  Majesty *<(  counciU  No  one  was  more 
respected  for  integrity,  and  it  is  truly  said,  that  1m  was  **  an 
ornament  and  blesMog  to  his  country."  He  died  Oetdber 
SI,  1738,  aged  71.     Eliot,  53. 


'4i  . 


NUMr!*  WAH, 


^ 


#4  by  ill*  l^mlUhi  Hiul  \\y  tho  ouM  wt  tliiil  h(||ltl|* 
thM  lh«»y  H«Hi  out  of  (h<»ir'(Uri  m  liHiMiVi  (luil  Oi^y 
curriiHl  notKiit^  with  llti^hi.  (Im<  it'  tlu*  l^u^luh  hml 
k«»|)t  In  \\w  tort,  Iho  liHiitutM  would  ot^hilhly  Imvi* 
hm^t  i)oo«tii(ti(nlHli  t'i(l(r>i  (o  MMiriMtilt'i  (luM)(<iolvt>M  (tt 
Iht^m,  or  to  liMvt^  p^rinlitul  li)  hMM|Jtt^ii  mimI  tlu>  ii^V(> 
rity  of  \\\t>  PKiMMon.f 

Homo  iiii)«i  nlWr  (IiIn  IUi(  (Ijitlit,  n  (Mtrlniii  HiiMkoh 
tit0  tiulimi,  lit^urina  Mr.  rioihOi  rr^Utn  lli««  itmHiiitr 
of  liii  ht^ing  wouituoil,  loht  liliii,  liliiill  IkmIIiI  iioI 
know  but  nti  liintn^lf  wnn  tlin  liimiui  tliul  woumiIimI 
him,  fortlmtlio  wiim  ontiof  tltnt  onm|mii)'  ol'  IuiIImmm 
ihiit  Mr.  Clvurrh  nmdti  h  Nlioi  upoit,  whiMi  Ihnv  HMin 
riMintf  to  nmko  n  Nhot  into  lliii  IVirt.  'riii>v  swv^  In 
ninnnor  nhont  MUty  or  Movonly  ilirti  jUMt  tlinn  fitnn* 
down  fVom  1*umluun*N  townf  rtnil  nnvtir  litttlirii  tlixn 
flrad  n  gun  ntfiilnMt  ilm  KngllNli.    'riitit  wh^n  IVtfi 

*  Mr.  Iluhlmrti,  tAt^,  m*tiillMnii.  tliNt  nm  t'»tlnHl(«  n  Mfitiil 
oounif^llft;'  mttottg  O10111,  iMml^MMnil  nil  li^iiMKi  (mUh*  (IimI  (lin 
Indlitm  UtN(  7(K)  nnliKiiK  iiinti,  liitNlitxii  H(lO,  who  iIIimI  Mniifflc 
wounik  Mmiy  old  |ir*i'Noiiii,  f«lillilr«>ii  mtd  wttiiiul^ili  mm 
doubt  p0riih«tr1  Iti  (lilt  nNitiMH.  IliU  lt«((or«iri'niMtliii  NrmYi  Mi  (jt»> 
tkmt,  umy  bit  ii#nn  In  MiMobliiitoM,  f ,  474.  471.  Itt  H'Mli'b  im 
tnemv'M  IommU  iiiii  no  liiKbly  mtMil.  'rii»*,y  (•oiMpHri*  ImMMf 
with  tb«  nncotitii  Klv*tii  by  our  Miilboc  in  (bn  h»<ii(  iMitdi 

t(Thn  NWHiiip  flKbi  bnpiiminil  ot  ltttflttiuht»r  10/  (Ofi.  lit 
which  Mboul  50  r.MKliMli  wnvt*  liHIiitt  lit  ibx  m'  M«>M(  m(mJ  tfiifil 
of  thfllr  wohimIm  \  Mful  nlKHit  HOO  or  MAO  liMtUhM,  mi*o«  tvoioi<h 
tnd  ohlUlron  wni''  klllad,  loifl  hn  rnHiiy  iiiof^  >«ii|iitvM(«(1.f  (( 
liftid  500  wigwuMiN  WKfi*  biirtind  vrMb  (b«i  rm'(«  (i{m1  4<Ki 
moro  in  othnr  imrln  of  NdrrMKMiiM^I.  Tb^  |>Im('*<  oC  Mix  fi^rt 
WftHftn  e1«vttt(!(l  ((I'oiiimI,  or  |>in<'ff  of  iiplMO'l<  of,  iM'rbMOki  H  or 
4  Aorew,  in  (h«  tni<bllr  of  h  lii«b<oMM  t>whm\t,  H)unii  7  mi\M 
ntarly  duo  vreii  frmu  Nt^l•rn^^Alln$'^,Mt^iU  ftrry.l) 

t  WhKt  i»  now  W«rwi4^l(.    Hf*  iioi«<  tf«  pMifff  /^^« 

*  Thd  oM  ff(>py  <>r  (tilN  ht*  try,  turn  w)«M«  f  f>rWM  (l((«i  (f^I'Mr  tM  4lt4!« 
Dm.  29,  but  H  muNi  Mi  «  m»»(>rM>l' 

mnjAiah,  wtm  mir  umintr.    ft  m  0»ui  tk»*>  lhm»  wtttt  (litMHi  H^  0i§^,  m^ 
ISO  w<nia4«<1,  it¥ht*  t^Utf^wi*  fmnntrt4     f f MA.  dim- 1,  M§t 


.fi 


«-*-^-'-:i 


64 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


Church  fired  upon  them  he  killed  fourteen  dead  upon 
the  spot,  and  wounded  a  greater  number  than  he 
killed.  Many  of  which  died  afterwards  of  their 
wounds,  in  the  cold  and  storm  [of]  the  following 
niffht. 

Mr.  Church  was  moved  with  other  wounded  men, 
over  to  Rhodeislond,  where  in  about  three  months' 
time,  he  was  in  some  good  measure  recovered  of 
his  wounds,  and  the  fever  that  attended  them ;  and 
then  went  over  to  the  General^  to  take  his  leave  of 
him,  with  a  design  to  return  home.f    But  the  Gene- 

*  General  Winslow,  with  the  Plymouth  and  Massaehusetts 
forces,  remained  in  the  Narrasanset  country  most  of  the 
witater,  and  performed  considerable  against  the  enemy. 
The  Connecticut  men  under  Major  Treat,  being  much  cut 
to  pieces,  returned  home. 

t  While  our  hero  is  getting  better  of  his  wounds  we  will 
take  a  short  view  of  what  is  transacting  abroad.    ** 

The  enemy,  toward  the  end  of  January,  left  their  eoontry 
and  moved  off  to  the  Nipmucks.  A  party,  in  their  way, 
drove  off  IS  horses,  50  cattle  and  200  sheep,  from  one  of  the 
inhabitants  of  Warwick.  On  the  10  Feb.,  several  hundreds 
of  them  fell  upon  Lancaster  ;  plundered  and  burned  a  great 
part  of  the  town,  and  killed  or  captivated  forty  persons. 
(Philip  commanded  in  this  attack,  it  was  supposed.)  Feb. 
31,  nearly  half  of  the  town  of  Medfield  was  ourned,  and  on 
the  35,  seven  or  eight  buildings  were  also  burned  at  Wey- 
mouth. March  IS,  Groton  was  all  destroyed  excepting  four 
garrison  houses.  On  the  17 ,  Warwick  had  every  house  burned 
save  one.  On  the  36,  Marlborough  was  nearly  all  destroyed, 
and  the  inhabitants  deserted  it.  The  same  day  Capt.  Pierce 
of  Scituate  with  fifty  English  and  twenty  friendl^r  Indians, 
was  cut  off  with  most  of  his  men.  (For  the  particulars  of 
this  affair  see  note  further  onward.)  On  the  38,  forty  houses 
and  thirty  barns  were  burned  at  Rehoboth;  and  the  d&y 
following,  about  30  houses  in  Providence.  The  main  body 
of  the  enemy  MmL  supposed  now  to  be  in  the  woods  between 
Brookfield  and  Marlborough,  and  Connecticut  river.  Capt. 
Denison  of  Connecticut  with  a  few  brave  volunteers  per- 
formed signal  services.  In  the  first  of  April  he  killed  and  took 
44^  the  enemy,  and  before  the  end  of  the  month  7fr  move 
were  killed  and  taken,  all  without  the  loss  of  a  man.  In  the 
beginning  of  April  the  Wament  Indians  did  some  mischief  at 
Chelmsford,  on  Merrimack  river,  to  which  it  aj^ars  Uiey 
bad  been  provoked,     On  the  17,  the  remaining  houses  at 


i' 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


6ft 


raPs  great  importunity  again  persuaded  him  to  ac- 
company him  m  a  long  march*  into  the  Nipmuckf 
country,  though  he  had  then  tents  in  his  wounds, 
and  so  lame  as  not  [to  be]  able  to  mount  his  horse 
without  two  men's  assistance. 

In  this  march,  the  first  thing  remarkable  was,  they 
came  to  an  Indian  town,  where  there  were  many  wig- 
wan(^s  in  sight,  but  an  icy  swamp,  lying  between  them 
md  the  wigwams,  prevented  their  running  at  once 
upon  it  as  they  intended.  There  was  much  firing  upon 
each  sidf  before  they  passed  the  swamp.  But  at 
Ungfh  the  enemy  vM  f\ed  and  a  certain  Mohcgan, 
that  was  a  fric  d  Indian,  pursued  and  seized  one  of 
the  enemy  tfi.  i  nad  a  small  wound  in  his  leg,  and 
brough*  him  before  he  General,  where  he  was  ex- 
amine* 4.     Some  we/c  for  torturing  him  to  bring  him 

Marlborough  were  consumed.  The  next  day,  18  April,  thev 
came  furiously  upon  Sudbury.  (Some  account  of  wnieh  will 
be  g^iven  in  an  ensuing  note.)  Near  the  end  of  April,  Scitu- 
ate  about  30  miles  from  Boston,  on  the  bay,  had  19  houses 
and  baias  burned.  The  inhabitants  made  a  gallant  resist- 
ance and  put  the  enemy  to  flight.  May  8,  they  burned  17 
houses  and  barns  at  Bridgewater,  ^  large  town  about  30  miles 
south  of  Boston.  Mather,  Magnalia,  11,  497,  says  that,  "  not 
an  inhabitant  was  lost  by  this  town  during  the  war,  neither 
young  nor  old  ;  that  when  their  dwellings  were  fired  at  this 
time,  God,  from  heaven,  fought  for  them  with  a  storm  of 
lightning,  thunder  and  rain,  whereby  a  great  part  of  their 
houses  were  preserved."  Onlhe  11,  the  town  of  Plymouth 
had  16  houses  and  barns  burned  ;  and  two  days  after  9  more. 
Middleborough,  88  miles  from  Boston,  had  its  few  remaining 
houses  burned  the  same  day. 

These  were  the  most  distressing  days  that  Newcng- 
land  ever  beheld.  Town  after  town  fell  a  sacrifice  to  their 
fury.  All  was  fear  and  consternation.  Few  there  were, 
who  were  not  in  mourning  for  some  near  kindred,  and  no- 
thing but  horruur  stared  them  in  the  face.  But  we  are  now  to 
see  tne  affairs  oLPhiUp  decline. 

*  I  cannot  find  as  any  other  historian  has  tiken  notice  of 
this  expedition  of  the  commander  in  chief.  It  appears  from 
what  is  above  stated  that  it  was  in  March,  1676. 

t  (Country  about  Worcester,  Oxford,  Grafton,  Dudley, 


V- 


^.fe>^.,- 


'l 


;^ 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


:'f#i; 


to  a  inore  ample  confession  of  what  he  knew  con* 
cerning  his  countrymen.    Mr.  Church,  verily  believ- 
ing [that]  he  had  been  ingenuous  in  his  confession, 
interceded  and  prevailed  for  h^s  escaping  torture. 
But  the  army  being  bound  forward  in  their  march, 
and  the  Indian's  wound  somewhat  disenabling  him 
fcr  travelling,  it  was  concluded  [that]  he  should  be 
knocked  on  the  head.     Accordingly  he  was  brought 
before  a  great  fire,  and  the  Mohegan  that  took  him 
was  allowed,  as  he  desired  to  be,  his  executioner. 
Mr.  Church  taking  no  delight  in  the  sport,  framed 
an  errand   at  some   distai^ce  among   the  baggasrc 
horses,  and  when  he  had  got  ten  rods,  or  thereabouts, 
from  the  fire,  the  executioner  fetching  a  blow  with 
a  hatchet  at'the  head  of  the  prisoner,  he  being  aware 
of  the  blow,  dodged  his  head  aside,  and  the  execu- 
tioner missing  his  stroke,  the  hatchet  flew  out  of  his 
hand,  and  had  like  to  have  done  execution  where  it 
was  not  designed.    The  prisoner  upon  his  narrow 
escape  broke  from  them  that  held  him,  and  notwith- 
standing his  wound,  made  use  of  his  legs,  and  hap- 
pened to  run  right  upon  Mr.  Church,  who  laid  hold 
on  him,  and  a  c^ose  scuffle  they  had ;  but  the  Indian 
having  no  clothes  on  slipped  from  him  and  ran  again, 
and   Mr.  Church  pursued   [him,]^  although   being 
lame  there  was  no  great  odds  in  the  race,  until  the 
Indian  stwjbled  and  fell,   and  [then]  they  closed 
again — scuffled  and  fought  pretty  smartly,  until  the 
Indian,  by  the  advantage  of  his  nakedness,  slipped 
from  his  hold  again,  and  set  out  on  his  third  race, 
with  Mr.  Church  close  at  his  heels,  endeavouring  to 
lay  hold  on  the  hair  of  his  head,  which  was  all  the 
hold  could  be  taken  of  him.     And  running  through 
a  swamp  that  was  covered  with  hollow  ice,  it  made 
so  loud  a  noise  that  Mr.  Church  expected  (but  in 
vain)  that  some  of  his  English  friends  would  follow 
the  noise  and  come  to  his  assistance.    But  the  In- 
dian happened  to  ruu  athwart  a  larg^  tri^a  |h(]^t  lay 

I  [the  Indian] 


'i^jK^ 


.-■^ 


>    •- 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


^1 


118  narrow 


fallen  near  breast  high,  where  he  stopped  and  cried 
out  aloud  for  help.  But  Mr.  Church  being  soon 
upon  him  again,  the  Indian  seized  him  fast  by  the 
hair  of  his  head,  and  endeavoured  by  twisting  to 
break  his  neck.  But  though  Mr.  Churches  wounds 
had  somewhat  weakened  him,  and  the  Indian  a  stout 
fellow,  yet  he  held  him  in  play  aitd  twisted  the  In- 
dian's neck  as  well,  andtodk  the  advantage  of  i^any 
opportunities,  while  they  hung  by  each  other's  hair/ 
gave  him  notorious  bunts  in  the  face  with  his  head. 
But  in  the  heat  of  the  scuffle  they  heard  the  ice 
break,  with  somebody's  coming  apace  to  them,  which 
when  they  heard,  Church  concluded  there  was  help 
for  one  or  other  of  them^  but  was  doubtful  which  of 
them  must  now  receive  the  fatal  stroke — anon  some- 
body comes  up  to  them,  who  proved  to  be  the  In- 
dian that  had  first  taken  the  prisoner ;  [and]  with- 
out speaking  a  word,  he  felt  them  out,  (for  it  was 
so  dark  he  could  not  distinguish  them  by  sight,  the 
one  being  clothed  and  the  other  naked)  ne  felt 
where  Mr.  Church's  hands  were  fastened  in  the  Ne- 
top's^  hair  and  with  one  blow  settled  bis  hatchet  in 
between  them,  and  [thus]  ended  the  strife.  He  then 
spoke  to  Mr.  Churcn  and  hugged  him  in  his  arms, 
and  thanked  him  abundantly  for  catching  his  prison- 
er. [He  then]^  cut  off  the  head  of  his  victim  and 
carried  it  to  the  camp,  and  [after]  giving  an  account 
to  the  rest  of  the  friend  Indians  in  the  camp  how 
Mr.  Church  had  seized  his  prisoner,  &c.,  they  all 
joined  in  a  mighty  shout. 

Proceeding  in  this  march  they  had  the  success  of 
killing  many  of  the  enemy ;  until  at  length  their 
provisions  failing,  they  returiied  home. 

King  Philipf  (as  was  before  hinted)  was  fled  to  a 

1 [and] 

*  The  Netop  Indians  were  a  small  tribe  among  the  Sogko- 
nates. 

t  It  was  supposed  by  many  that  Philip  was  at  the  great 
swamp  fight  at  Nariaganset  m  December,  1675.    See  note  9f 

page  54. 


'Ml.^    .-A.-f-.'J-A    .  ..». 


M 


PHIIJP'S  WAR. 


place  called  Scattacook^^  between  York  and  Albany, 
where  the  Moohagsf  made  a  descent  upon  turn  and 
killed  many  of  his  men,  which  moved  him  from 

thence*! 

His  next  kennelling  place  was  at  the  fall^  of  Con- 
necticut river,  where,  sometime  after  Captain  Tur- 
ner found  him,  [and]  came  upon  him  by  night,  kill- 
ed him  a  great  many  men,  and  frightened  many  more 
into  the  river,  that  were  hurled  down  the  falls  and 
drowned.  II 

*  It  is  above  Albany,  on  the  east  side  of  the  north  branch 
of  the  Hudson,' now  called  Hoosac  river,  about  15  miles  from 
Albany.  Smith  wrote  this  word  Scaghtabook.  History  N. 
York,  807. 

t  (Mohawks.) 

This  word  according  to  Roger  Williams,  is  derived  from 
the  word  moAo,  which  signifies  to  eat.  Or  Mohawks  signifi- 
ed cannibals  or  man  eaters  among  the  other  tribes  of  Indians. 
Trumbull,  U.  States,  I,  47.  Hutchinson,  1, 406.  This  tribe 
'iRras  ^uated  along  the  Mohawk  river,  from  whom  it  took  its 
'Raime,  and  was  one  of  the  powerful  Fivenations,  who  ia  1713, 
7, were  joined  bv  the  Tuskarora  Indians,  a  large  tribe  from  N. 
-Carolina^  and  thence  known  by  the  name  of  the  Sixna- 
tipns.  Williamson,  N.  Carolina,  I,  203.  Hon.  De  Witt 
Clinton,  in  N.  Y.  Hist.  Soc.  Ool.  II,  48,  says  the  Tuskaroras 
joined  the  other  nations  in  1713. 

I  Philip  despairing  of  exterminating  the  English  with  his 
Newengland  Indians  resorted  to  the  Mohawks  to  persuade 
them  to  engage  in  his  cause.  Thev  not  being  wuling,  he 
bad  recourse  to  a  foul  expedient.  Meeting  with  some  Mo- 
liawks  in  the  woods,  huntinj^,  he  caused  them  to  be  murdered  ; 
and  then  informed  their  friends,  that  the  English  had  done 
it.  ^  But  it  so  happened  that  one,  which  was  left  for  dead, 
revived  and  returned  to  his  friends,  and  informed  them  of 
the  truth.  The  Mohawks  in  just  resentment  fell  upon  him 
and  killed  many  of  his  mep.    Adams,  Hist.  N.  Eng.  125. 

§  ^Above  Deerfield.) 

It  has  been  suggested,  and  it  is  thought  very  appropriate- 
ly to  call  that  cataract,  where  Capt.  Turner  destroyed  the 
Indians,  Turner's  Falls.  See  Antiquarian  Researches,  131. 
^fPhilip  with  a  great  c6mpanyof  his  people  hadttdcen  a 
itaiid  at  the  fall  in  Connecticut  river  for  the  convenience  of 
getting  a  supply  of  fish,  after  the  destruction  of  their  pro- 
vimons  at  the  great  swatop  fight  in  j^arraganset.    Some 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


CO 


Philip  got  over  the  river,  and  on  the  back  tide  of 
Wetuief*^  hills,  meets  with  bH  the  remnants  of  th^ 
Narraganset  and  Nipmuckf  Indians,  that  w^re  there 
gathered  together,  and  became  very  nwneroiu; 
and  [then]  made  their  descent  on  Sudbury}  and  the 
adjacent  parts  of  the  country,  where  they  met  with, 

—^■^■■mww  ■■.■■     I  III*   iw^—^—— ^i—^^—— ^—i ^1^— ■  Ml,   I  I  ,  ■.■..i,w.      ■■   ■  —II.— — m^  ■■  ■iiiiiii^w^w  ■  ■— — — ^ 

prisonera  doferted  and  brought  news  to  Hadley,  H&tS«ld 
and  Northampton  of  the  Indians*  situation  at  the  falls.  On 
the  18  May,  160  men  under  Capt.  Turner  arrived  near  their 
quarters  at  day  break.  The  enemy  were  in  their  wigwams 
asleep,  and  without  guards.  The  Englirii'  rushed  upon  them 
and  nred  as  they  rose  from  sleep,  which  so  terrified  them 
that  they  fled  in  every  direction;  crying  out  "Mohawks! 
Mohawks!"  Some  ran  into  the  river,  some^ook  canoes, 
and  in  their  fright  forsot  the  paddles,  and  were  precipitated 
down  the  dreaoral  fall  and  dashed  in  pieces.  The  enemy  is 
supposed  to  have  lost  300.  The  English  having  finished  the 
work,  began  a  retreat :  but  the  Indians,  on  recovering  firom 
their  terror  fell  upon  their  rear,  killed  Capt.  Turner  and  99 
of  bis  men.  See  American  Annals,  I,  490.  Why  is  tihe 
name  of  Turner  not  found  in  our  Biographici^  Dictionaries? 

*In  the  north  part  of  the  presei^  town  of  Princetown  in 
Worcester  eounl^,  about  50  miles  W.  of  Boston.  Mr.  Hub- 
bard wrote  this  word  Watchuset,  and  Dr.  Morse,  Wachusett. 
and  calls  it  a  mountain.  See  ITniv.  Gaz.  But  in  this,  as  weU 
as  many  other  words,  the  easiest  way  is  the  best  way ;  hence 
Wachuset  is  to  be  preferred. 

t  (About  Rutland.) 

It  was  just  said  that  the  N^pmuck  country  was  about  Wor- 
cester, Oxford,  kc.  Set^  nc^.e  3  on  page  65.  Nipmuck  was 
a  general  name  for  all  Indicins  beyond  the  Connecticut  to^ 
ward  Canada, 

X  On  the  97  March,  1676,  some  persons  of  Marlbo- 
rough joined  others  cf  Sut^bury,  and  went  ia  search  of  the 
enemy.  They  came  upon  nearly  300  of  them  before  da^  a 
sleep  by  their  fires,  and  within  half  a  mile  of  a  garrison 
house.  The  Engli^i  though  but  40  in  number,  ventured  to 
fire  upon  them;  and  before  they  could  arouse  and  es- 
cape, they  had  several  well  directed  fires,  killing  and 
wounding  about  30.  On  18  April,  as  has  been  before  noted, 
they  furiously  fell  upon  Sudbury,  burned  several  houses  and 
bflurns  and  killed  several  persons.  Ten  or  13  persons  that 
came  from  Concord,  5  m;les  distant,  to  assist  their  frieoiU, 
were  drawn  into  an  ambush,  and  all  killed  or  takeil.  Hub* 
bard,  183,  184. 


^Hi'f.W'-fjwr',^^-'- 


70 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


and  swallowed  up  [the]  valiant  Captain  WadsWorth* 
and  his  company ;  apd  many  other  doleful  desolatiohs 
in  those  parts.  The  news  whereof  coming  to  Ply- 
mouth, and  they  expecting  [that,]  probably,  the  ene- 
my would  soon  return  again  into  their  colony,  the 
council  of  war  were  called  together,  and  Mr.  Church 
was  sent  for  to  them ;  being  observed  by  the  whole 
colony  to  be  a  person  extraordinarily  qualified  for,  and 
adapted  to  the  affairs  of  war.  It  was  proposed  in  coun- 
cil, that  lest  the  enemy,  in  their  return,  should  fall  on 
Rehoboih,  or  some  other  of  their  out  towns,  a  com- 
pany consisting  of  sixty  or  seventy  men,  should  be 
sent  into  those  parts,  and  [that]  Mr.  Church  [be]  in- 
vited to  take  the  command  of  them.  He  told  them 
fhat  if  the  enemy  returned  into  that  cqlony  again,  they 

— «_ U 1 ■  — r--— 

•Oapt.  Samuel  Wadsworth,  father  of  president  Wads- 
worih  of  Harvard  College.  Cant.  Wadsworth  was  sent  from 
Boston  with  50  men  to  relieve  jMEarlborough.  After  march- 
ing '26  miles,  they  were  informed  that  the  enemy  had  gone 
toward  Sadhuiy  ;  so  without,  stopping  to  take  any  rest,  they 
parsaed  after  them.  On  coming  noair  the  town,  a  party  of 
the  enemy  were  discovered,  and  porsueid  about  a  mile  into 
the  woods,  when  on  a  sudden  t!icy  were  i^urrounded  on  all 
sides  by  500  In^^ians,  as  was  judged.  No  chance  of  escape 
a]M>eared.  This  little  band  of  brave  men  now  resolved  to 
fight  tc  the  last  man.  They  gained  an  eminence,  which 
they  tiiaintained  for  some  time  :  at  length,  night  approach- 
ing, they  began  to  scatter,  which  gave  tnc  enemy  the  advan- 
tage, and  nearly  every  one  wasstaln.  This  was  a  dreadful 
blow  to  the  country.  It  is  not  certain  that  any  ever  escaped 
to  relate  the  sad  tale.  President  Wadsworth  ^'rccted  a  monu- 
ment where  this  battle  was  fought  with  this  inscription. 

"  Captain  Samuel  Wadsworth  of  Milton,  his  Lieutenant 
Sharp  of  Brookline,  Captain  Broclebank  of  Rowlev  with 
abo«t  Twenty  Six*  other  souldiers,  fighting  for  the  uelcnce 
of  their  country,  were  slain  by  the  Indian  enemy  April  18th, 
1676,  and  lye  buried  in  this  place." 

"  This  monument  stands  to  the  west  of  Sudbury  causeway, 
about  one  mile  southward  of  the  church  in  old  Sudbury,  and 
about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  the  great  road,  that  leads 
from  Worcester  to  Boston."  Holmes,  I,  429.  Sudbury  is 
about  S2  miles  from  Boston. 

*  9uppo$ed  to  he  the  number  ofbodiei/bund. 


i-yt^^ 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


:«1 


might  reasonabl]^  expect  that  they  would  come  very 
numerous)  and  if  he  should  take  the  command  of 
men  he  should  not  lie  in  any  town  or  garrison 
with  them,  but  would  lie  in  the  woods  as  the  enemy 
did — and  that  to  send  out  such  small  compani^ 
against  such  multitudes  of  the  enemy  that  were  now 
mustered  together,  would  be  but  to  deliver  so  many 
men  into  their  hands,  to  be  destroyed,  as  the  worthy 
Captain  Wadsworth  and  his  company  w^re.  His 
advice  upon  the  whole  was,  that,  if  they  soot  out 
any  forces,  to  send  no  less  than  three  hundred  sol« 
diers  ;  and  that  the  other  colonies  should  be  asked 
to  send  out  their  quotas  also  ;  adding,  that,  if  they 
intended  to  make  an  end  of  the  war  by  subduing  the 
enemy,  they  must  make  a  business  of  the  war  as  the 
enemy  did ;  and  that  for  his  own  part,  he  had  wholly 
laid  aside  all  his  own  private  business  and  concerns, 
ever  since  the  war  broke  out.^  He  told  them  tliat, 
if  they  would  send  forth  such  forces  as  he  should* 
direct  [them]  to,  he  would  go  with  them  for  sii 
weeks  march,  which  was  long  enough  for  men  to  be 
kept  in  the  woods  at  once ;  and  if  they  might  be 
sure  of  liberty  to  return  in  such  a  space,  men  wpuld 
go  out  cheermlly;  and  he  would  engage  [that]  one 
hundred  and  fifty  of  the  best  soldiers  should  imme- 
diately list,  voluntarily,  to  go  with  him,  if  they  would 
ple'^se  to  add  fifty  more ;  and  one  hundred  of  the 
firi  i  d  Indians.  And  with  such  an  army,  he  made 
no  doubt,  but  he  might  do  good  service,  but  on  oth^r 
terms  he  did  not  incline  to  be  concerned. 

Their  reply  was,  that,  they  were  already  in  debt, 
and  so  big  an  army  would  bring  such  '  "harge  upon 
them,  that  th'^^''  should  never  be  able  i ;  pay.  And 
as  for  sending  uQt  Indians,  they  thought  it  no  wajrs 
advisable;  and  in  short,  none  of  bi«  advice  prar*- 
cable.  r  -  i 

■^^^Miw^i— — ^ipwyiww—  ■■■iw—  P  iwniiMi  —  III  ■>  mi  m^i  ■     II    III    .iM**''   ■      •*"! ■II"'*  I   '  ■        "I  ■'  wii»i«*— >i"— »"'w^ 

*  It  will  be  discoverable  in  almost  evavy  step  onward,  bc^ 
sbamefaUy  Mr.  Gburoh  was  trebled  by  government  for  all 
his  servicef.        *, 


n 


FHILIP'8  WAR. 


Now  Mr.  Oiurch's  consort,  and  his  then  only  jon 
mme  iill  this  time^  remaininff  at  Duxbury ;  and  his 
bearing  iheu  safety  there,  (unless  the  war  were  more 
M^joroiwiy  eogaged  in)  resolved  to  move  to  Ehode- 
isinin^d.thoi  gl  it  was  much  opposed,  both  b3&govern- 
■amat  and  :;;  nations.  But  at  length  the  Govemour, 
considering  tbat  he  mieht  be  no  less  serviceable,  by 
being  on  that  side  of  the  colony,  gave  his  permit, 
<ind  wished  [that]  he  had  twenty  more  as  good  men 
to  send  with  him. 

Th'^u  preparing  for  his  removal  he  went  with  his 
mnaM  faniiJy  to  Plymouth  to  take  leave  of  their 
fiends,  where  they  met  with  his  wife's  parents,  who 
much  persuaded  that  she  might  be  left  at  Mr.  Clark's 
garrison,  (which  they  supposed  to  be  a  mighty  safe 
place)  or  aV  least  that  she  might  be  there,  until  her 
soon  expected  lying  in  was  over ;  (being  near  her 
tone.)  Mr.  Church  no  ways  inclining  to  venture  her 
any  longer  in  those  parts,  and  no  arguments  prevail- 
ing with  him,  he  resolutely  set  out  for  Taunton,  and 
many  of  their  friends  accompanied  them.  There 
they  found  Captain    Peircef   with  a  commanded 

•The  beginning  of  March,  1676. 

f  This  eentleman  belonged  to  Scituate^  as  is  seen  in  note  to 
^ige  64.  1  have  learned  no  particulars  of  him,  except  what  are 
Rirnished  in  the  Indian  wars.  It  appears  that  he  was  now 
on  his  march  intothe  P'.akraganset  country,  having  heard 
that  manv  of  the  enemy  had  collected  at  Pawtuset,  a  few 
miles  to  tne  southward  of  Providence.  He  being  a  man  of 
great  courage,  and  willing  to  engasre  th%  eiiemy  on  any 
ground,  was  led  into  a  fatal  snare.  Oil  crossing  the  Paw- 
toxet  river  he  found  himself  encircled- by  an  overwhelming 
number.  He  retreated  to  th"*  sidr,  of  tiit  river  to  prevent 
lieing  s^'^.rrounded  ;  but  thia  />•  -  iiit»  ^n^itr'^e  failed:  For  the 
enemy  crossing  the  river  "1  'e..  came  upo>  their  backs  with 
the  same  deacRy  ettlect  a^  .npse  in  front.  £  iius  they  had  to 
contend  with  triple  nur;;  bers,  and  a  double  disadv:^  Jtage. 
Means  was  found  to  despatch  a  messenger  to  Providence  for 
succour,  but  through  some  unaccoT^ntable  default  in  him,  or 
them  to  whom  il  was  dcUverecr.  none  arrived  until  too  late 
The  scene  wa^  horrid  beytrnd  description !  Some  say  that  ai 
the  English  were  slain,  others,  that  one  only  escaped,  which 


«     — 


>  ■»*•. . 


i^iJfiLk. 


PHILIP'S  WAt. 


n 


pirty)  who  offered  Mr.  Chtircli  to  send  a  relatkifi.of 
mt  with  lome  others  to  ru^rd  hin|  to  Rhodoisland. 
But  Mr.  Church  thanked  nim  for  his  respectJfUl  olfer, 
but  for  some  good  reasons  refused  to  accept  it.  In 
short,  they  ^ot  safe  to  Captain  John  Almy's*  house 
upon  Rhodeistand  where  they  met  with  friends  and 
good  entertainment.  But  by  the  way  lei  me  not 
forget  this  remarkable  providence,  vii.,  that,  within 
twentyfour  hours,  or  thereabouts,  after  their  arrital 
at  Rhodeisland,  Mr.  Clark's  garrison,  that  Mr.  Church 
was  so  much  importuned  to  leave  his  wifo  and  chil- 
dren at,  was  destroyed  by  the  enemy. f 

Mr.  Church  being  at  present  disabled  from  any 
particular  seivice  in  the  war,  began  to  think  oCsome 
other  employ.     But  he  no  sooner  took  a  tool  to  cut 

was  effected  as  follows.  A  friendly  Indian  pursued  hiin  wit)i 
an  uplifted  tomahawk,  in  the  face  of  the  enemy,  who  conud- 
ering  bis  fkte  certain,  and  that  he  was  pursued  by  one  of 
their  own  men,  made  no  discovery  of  tne  siratae«m,  and 
both  escaped.  Another  fHend  Indian  seeing  that  Uie  battle 
was  lost,  blackened  his  face  with  powder  and  ran  among  thft 
enemy,  whom  they  took  to  be  one  of  themselves,  who  alto 
were  painted  black,  thei)  presentl]^  escaped  into  the  woods. 
Another  was  pursued,  who  hid  behind  a  rock,  and  his  pmrso- 
er  lay  secreted  near  to  shoot  him  when  he  ventured  out. 
But  he  behind  the  rock  put  his  hat  or  eap  upon  a  e^e^  wfi 
raising  it  up  in  sight,  the  cAher  fired  upon  Hf  He  dropi^ME 
his  stick  ran  upon  himbe(bre  he  could  reload  hisgunaaK^ 
diot  him  dead.  See  Hubbard,  Nar.  151,  &e.  It  appMurt 
that  Canonchet,  a  Nanraganset  chief,  who  afterwariui  fett 
into  the  hands  of  tha  bravo  Capt.  Deoiscm  commanded  in 
this  battle.    See  Hist.  Connect  844. 

•  Sec  note  3  on  page  4«t 

t  On  the  1%  Mareh  Mr.  Clark's  house  was  asuan^ed  by  the 
Indiansy  who  after  barbarously  qmrderlng  1 1  mrsOns,  belong? 
ingto  two  families,  set,  it  on  fire.  Mr.  Hubbard,  1$9,  says,  thp 
<*Tbe  cme)^  was  tfao  more  remarkable,  ip  that  the/tttd 
often  received  much  kindness  from  the  said  Clark***  fliilip 
is  sappesed  to  have  conducted  this  affithr.  Aboni  the  time 
that  that  chief  fell,  ^tOO  Indians  delivered  themselves  prison*- 
ers  at  Plymauth,  f  of  whem  were  hvkid  to  have  been  ameog 
those  whomnrdertd  Mr.  Clark's  ikmify  and  were  executed. 
The  Test  were  taken  ii|to  fkvour.    Il»d.  3]4>    ■ 

7 


n 


PHILIP'S  IVAR. 


a  small  ftick,  but  he  cut  off  the  top  of  his  fore  fin* 
ger,  and  the  next  to  it  half  off;  4ipon  which  he 
smilingly  said,  that  he  thought  he  was  out  of  hit 
way  to  leave  the  war,  and  resolved  he  would  [go]  to 
war  again.  ,      ^ 

Accordingly  his  second  son  being  bom  on  the 
12th  of  May,  and  his  wife  and  son  {likely]^  to  do 
well,  Mr.  Church  embraces  the  opportunity  of  a  pai^- 
sage  in  a  sloop  bound  to  Barnstable,  [which]'  land- 
ed him  at  Sogkonesset,*  from  whence  he  rode  to 
Plymouth,  and  arrived  there  the  first  Tuesday  in 
June.f 

The  General  Court  then  sitting,  welcomed  him, 
and  told  him  [that]  they  were  glad  to  see  him  alive. 
He  replied,  [that]  he  was  as  glad  to  see  them  alive ; 
for  he  had  seen  so  many  fires  and  smokes  towards 
their  side  of  the  country,  since  he  lefl  them,  that  he 
could  scarce  eat  or  sleep  with  any  comfort,  for  fear. 
they  had  tdl  been  destroyed.  For  all  travelling  was 
stopped,  and  no  news  had  passed  for  a  long  time 
toffether. 

He  gave  them  an  account,!  that  the  Indians  had 
made  norrid  desolations  at  Providence,  Warwick, 
Pawtuxet,  and  all  over  the  Narraganset  country ; 
^'.nd  that  they  prevailed  daily  against  the  English  on 
that  side  of  the  country.  fHej  told  them  [Uiat]  he 
lonsed  to  hear  what  methods  they  designed  [to  take] 
in  uie  war.  They  told  him  [that]  they  were  par- 
i[like]  »[who]    . 

*  Known  now  by  the  name  of  Wood's  hole.  It  is  in  ilie 
town  of  Falmonth,  not  far  to  the  ea^waird  of  Sog^:onate  point. 
Doaglaw  wrote  this  name  Sbeonosset,  andHatcMnson  Snca- 
nesMt.  A  small  clan  of  Indians  rended  here  from  whom  it 
took  its  name. 

t  Namely  the^.  ^    '^ 

I  We  should  not  suppose  that         vas  the  Jrst  int  -lUi^nce 

tb'^t  the  people  of  Plymouth  rci.'*  < <\  of  the  destr^.ctlon  of 

I       nlaces,  as  "  '   visit  was  neaiiy  8.  months  alter  the  dcs- 

trt      -ii  of  Wai- wk.  *,  Providence,  &.C.,  and  sboat.4  fh»;n  the 

ei     <ig  off  of  Capt.  Pierce  j.yet  it  might  be  the  jcase. 


■^  y-^. 


'  :>•■; 


f  ! 


W"i^ 


515*  :/•)(;; - 


Sii/:% 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


76 


fo?e  fin* 
hich  he 
t  of  hie 
I  [go]  to 

I  on  the 
]*  to  do 
of  a  pas- 
i]*  land- 
rode  to 
in 


ned  him, 
im  alive, 
m  alive; 
I  towards 
i,  that  he 
for  fear 
lling  was 
ang  time 

lians  had 

Warwick, 

country ; 

iglish  on 

3iat]  he 

^totake] 

ere  par- 
si    ■ 

is  in  t)ie 
ate  point, 
son  Stica- 
I  whom  it 

?-— .■ 

tti^nce 
rvxtlon  of 
the  dc»- 
fihcinthe 


ticularly  glad  that  provideiice  had  brottght  him  tkun 
at  that  juncture ;  for  they  had  concluded  the  very 
next  day  to  send  out  an  army  of  two  hundred  men ; 
two  thirds  English,  and  one  third  Indians ;  in  some 
measure  agreeable  to  his  former  propo8al--«xpect- 
ing  Boston  and  Connecticut  to  join  with  their 
quotas. 

^Jn  short,  it  was  so  concluded,  and  that  Mr.  Church 
should  return  to  the  island,  and  see  what  he  could 
muster  there,  of  those  wbo  had  moved  from  Swan- 
zey,  Dartmouth,  &.c. ;  so  returned  the  same  way 
[that]  he  came*  When  he  came  to  Sogkonesset,  he 
had  a  sham  put  upon  him  about  a  boat  [which!  he 
had  bouffht  to  go  home  in,  and  was  forced  to  hire 
two  of  the  friend  Indians  to  paddle  him  in  a  canoe 
from  Elii^abeth's*  to  Rhodeisland. 

It  fell  out,  that  as  they  were  on  their  voyage  pass* 
ing  by  Sogkonate  t)oint,f  some  of  the  enemy  were 
upon  the  rocks  a  fisning.  He  bid  the  Indians  that 
manageo  he  canoe,  to  paddle  so  near  the  rocks,  |ls 
that  he  migi.'  .  ^ '  I  to  those  Indians  ;  [and]  told  theiQ* 
lihui  he  had  u  ^fcat  mind  e^er  since  the  war  brbke 
out  to  speak  with  some  of  the  Sogkonate  Indians, 
and  that  they  were  their  relations,  and  '  <?refore  they 
need  not  fear  their  hurting  of  them.  .>d  he  add- 
ed, that,  he  had  a  mighty  conceit,  that  if  he  could 
get  a  fair  opportunity  to  discourse  [with]  them,  that 
he  could  draw  them  off  from  Philip^  for  he  knew 
[that]  they  never  heartily  loved  him.  The  enemy 
lialloof^'^  v«  made  signs  for  the  canoe  to  come  to 
them ;  lut  when  they  approached  them  they  skulked 
and  hid  in  the  clefts  of  the  rocks.  Then  Mr. 
Church  ordered  the  canoe  to  be  paddled  off  again, 
lest,  if  he  came  too  near,  they  should  fire  upon  liim. 
Then  the  Indians  appearing  again,  beckoned  and 

*  From  Woods  holie  or  Sogkonesset  to  this  island  is  1  mile. 

t  A  little  north  of  this  point  is  a  small  Hay  called  Chiurcb*s 
cove,  and  asmidl  cape  aoout  d  miles  further  north  bears  the 
name  of  Charch'sixnnt.    ,^  i'-k^*^ 


•C:» 


•'r»f»lpi>V' :'!""'■ 


..I 


t    f 


ft  PHILIPS  VTAfL 

oiJM  in  tlM  Indian  language,  and  bid  ckeni  cmne 
iahoM,  for  they  wanted  to  ipeak  with  [them.]* 
The  Indian!  in  the  canoe  answered  them  again,  but 
they  on  the  rocki  told  them,  that  the  turf  made  luch 
a  noiie  against  the  rocks,  [that]  they  could  not  hear 
any  thing  they  said.  Then  Mr.  Church  by  signs 
with  his  hands,  gave  [them]  to  understand,  that  he 
would  have  two  of  tliem  go  down  upon  the  point  of 
the  beach.  (A  place  where  a  man  might  see  who 
was  near  him.)  Accordingly  two  of  them  ran  along 
the  beach,  and  met  him  there  without  their  arms ; 
excepting,  that  one  of  tliem  had  a  lance  in  his  hand. 
They  urged  Mr.  Church  to  come  ashore,  for  they 
had  a  great  desire  to  have  some  discourse  with  him. 
He  told  them,  [that]  if  he,  that  had  his  weapon  in 
his  hand,  v(rould  carry  it  up  some  distance  upon  the 
beach,  and  leave  it,  he  would  come  ashore  and  dis> 
course  [with]  them.  He  did  so,  and  Mr.  Church  went 
aihore,  nauled  un  his  canoe,  ordered  one  of  his  In- 
uuDis  to  stay  by  it,  and  tie  oiher  to  walk  above  on 
the  beach,  as  a  s*.  tinel,  to  see  that  the  coasts  were 
clear.  And  when  Mr.  Church  came  up  to  the  In- 
dians, one  of  them  lidppeiied  to  be  honest  George, 
one  of  the  two  tha  Awash  )nks  formerly  sent  to  call 
him  to  her  dance,  and  was  so  carefiil  to  guard  him 
back  to  his  house  asain.  [This  was]  the  last  Sogko- 
nate  Indian  he  spoke  with  before  the  war  broke  out. 
He  spoke  English  very  well.  Mr.  Church  asked  him 
where  Awashonks  was  9  [He  said]'  *' In  a  swamp 
about  three  miles  off."  Mr.  Churcn  asked  him  what 
it  was  [that]  he  wanted,  that  he  hallooed  and  called 
him  ashore  7  He  answered,  that  he  took  him  for 
Church  as  soon  as  he  heard  his  voice  in  the  canoe, 
and  that  he  was  very  glad  to  see  him  alive;  and-  he 
believed  his  mistress  would  be  as  fflad  to  see  him, 
and  speak  with  him.  He  told  him  nirther,  that  he 
betieved  she  was  not  fond  of  maintaining  a  war  with 
llie  Gnglish,  and  that  she  had  left  Philip  & 
i[lum]  >  [He  told  him] 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


n 


beni 

[Ihem.]* 
Agiin,  but 
nade  nich 
d  not  iie«r 
I  by  liga* 
id,  that  he 
e  point  of 
I  ie«  who 
ran  along 
lieir  arms  \ 
\  his  hand. 
I,  for  they 
with  him. 
iveapon  in 
\  upon  the 
e  and  dis- 
lurch  wont 
of  his  In- 
.  above  on 
oasts  were 
to  the  Ill- 
it  George, 
int  to  call 
uard  him 
stSogko- 
>roke  out. 
Askedhim 
a  swamp 
him  what 
nd  called 
him  for 
le  canoe, 
and'  ho 
see  him, 
that  he 
war  with 


intend  to  return  to  him  any  more.  He  was  mighty 
earnest  with  Mr,  Church  to  tarry  there  while  he 
would  run  and  call  her;  but  he  told  him  **No,  for 
he  did  not  know  but  the  Indians  would  come  down 
and  kill  him  before  he  could  get  back  acain.*'  He 
sai^tkat,  if  Mounthope,  or  ^>casset  Indians  could 
catch  him,  he  believed  they  would  knock  him  on  the 
head ;  but  all  Sogkonate  Indians  knew  him  very  well, 
and  he  believed  none  of  them  would  hurt  him.  In 
short,  Mr.  Church  refused,  then,  to  tarry;  but  pro- 
mised that  he  would  come  over  again  and  speak  with 
Awashonks,  and  some  other  Indians  that  he  had  a 
mind  to  talk  with. 

Accordingly  he  [directed]^  him  to  notify  Awa- 
shonks, her  son  Peter,*  their  chief  Captain,  and  one 
Nompashf  (an  Indian  that  Mr.  Church  had,  former- 
ly, a  particular  respect  for)  to  meet  him  two  days 
after,  at  a  rock  at  the  lower  end  of  Captain  Rich- 
mond^sl  farm,  which  was  a  very  noted  place.  .  And 
if  that  day  should  prove  stormy,  or  windy,  they  were 
to  eipect  him  the  next  moderate  day ;  Mr.  Church 
telling  George,  that  he  would  have  him  come  with 
the  persons  mentioned,  and  no  more.  They  gave 
each  other  their  hands  upon  it,  [andj  parted. 

liHt,  Church  went  home,  and  the  next  morning  to 
Newport;  and  informed  the  government  of  what  nad 
passed  between  him  and  the  Sogkonate  Indians ;  and 
diAieA  their  permit  for  him,  and  Daniel  Wilcox^  (a 

1  [appointed] 

'  *  See  note  1,  on  page  57. 

t  In  another  place  his  name  is  spelt  Numposh.  He  was 
Captain  of  the  Sogkonate  or  Seconate  Indians  in  "  the  fat/t 
expedition  east.*"  .    ' 

X  This  rock  is  near  the  water  a  little  north  of  where  they 
then  Were. 

^  The  fatal  10  November,  18S5,  allows  me  only  to  say  of 
this  person  that  descendants  in  the  foorth  generation  (I 
think)  are  found  in  Newbedford.  See  page  iv,  of  taj  pre- 
fiiee. 


7* 


'■''  '^  '  v>>. 


td 


nilLlM  WAR. 


anfei  tiiat  well  underatood  the  Indian  language,)  to 
fo  over  to  them.  They  told  him,  that  they  thought 
ne  was  mad  $  after  such  service  as  he  had  done,  and 
such  dangers  that  he  [had]  escaped,  now  to  throw 
away  his  hie ;  for  the  rogues  would  as  certainly  kill 
him  as  ever  he  went  over.    And  utterly  refused  to 

Sant  his  permit,  or  to  be  willing  that  he  should  run 
e  risk. 

Mr.  Church  told  them,  that  it  ever  had  been  in 
his  thoughts,  since  the  war  broke  out,  that  if  he 
could  discourse  the  Sogkonate  Indians,  he  could  draw 
them  off  from  Philip,  and  employ  them  against  him ; 
but  could  not,  till  now,  never  nave  an  opportunitv  to 
speak  with  any  of  them,  and  was  very  loath  to  lose 
it,  dtc.  At  iength  they  told  him,  [that]  if  he  would 
go,  it  should  be  only  with  the  two  Indians  that  came 
with  him ;  but  they  would  give  him  no  permit  under 
their  hands. 

He  took  his  leave  of  them,  resolving  to  prosecute 
his  design.  They  told  him,  they  were  sorry  to  see 
him  so  resolute,  nor  if  he  went  did  they  ever  expect 
to  see  his  face  again. 

He  bought  a  bottle  of  rum,  and  a  small  roll  of 
tobacco,  to  carry  with  him,  and  returned  to  his 


The  next  day,  being  the  day  appointed  for  the 
meeting,  he  prepared  two  light  canoes  for  the  de- 
sign, and  his  own  man  with  the  two  Indians  for  his 
company.  He  used  such  arguments  with  his  teAder 
and  now  almost  broken  hearted  wife,  from  the  expe- 
rience of  former  preservations,  and  the  prospect  of 
the  great  service  he  might  do,  (might  it  please  God 
to  succeed  his  design,  &,c.,)  that  he  obtained  her 
consent  to  his  attempt.  And  committing  her,  the 
babes,,  and  himself  to  heaven's  protection,  he  set 
out 

They  had,  from  the  shore,  about  a  teague  to  pad- 
dle. Drawing  near  the  place,  they  saw  the  Inaiafis 
sitting  on  the  bank,  waiting  for  their  coming.    Mr 


^^m- 


nmAP^  viit. 


T9 


ige,)  to 
thought 
tM)  and 
>  throw 
inly  kill 
fesed  to 
uld  ran 

been  in 
at  if  he 
lid  draw 
net  him ; 
tunity  to 
I  to  lose 
le  would 
lat  came 
dt  under 

Tosecute 
•y  to  see 
r  expect 

roll  of 
to  his 

for  tiie 

the  de- 

|s  for  his 

Is  teftder 

le  expe- 

jpect  of 

lase  God 

Ined  her 

erj  the 

he  set 

to  pad- 
Indians 
ig.    Mr 


dmrch  tent  one  of  his  Indians  ashore  in  one  of  the 
canoes  to  see  whether  they  were  the  same  Indiana 
whom  he  had  appointed  to  meet  him,  and  no  more : 
And  if  so,  to  stay  ashore  and  send  George  to  fetch 
him.  Accordingly  George  came  and  fetched  Mr. 
Church  ashore,  while  the  other  canoe  played  off  to 
see  the  event,  and  to  carry  tidings,  if  the  Indiana 
should  prove  false. 

Mr.  Church  asked  Georse  whether  Awashonki 
and  the  other  Indians  [that]  he  appointed  to  meet 
him  were  there  1  He  answered  [that]  they  were. 
He  then  asked  him  if  th<  re  were  no  more  than  they, 
whom  he  appointed  t  >  be  there  9  To  which  he 
would  give  no  direct  answer.  However,  ho  went 
ashore ;  who^  he  was  no  sooner  landed,  but  Awa- 
shonks  and  the  rest  that  he  had  appointed  to  meet 
him  there,  rose  up  and  came  down  to  meet  hhn;  and 
each  of  them  successively  gave  him  their  hands,  and 
expressed  themselves  glad  to  see  him,  and  gave  him 
thanks  for  exposing  liimself  to  visit  .them.  They 
walked  together  eb'  r  n.  gun  shot  from  the  water, 
to  a  convenient  pw  i  sit  down,  where  at  once 
rose  up  a  gieat  b*:  V**  of  .idians,  who  had  lain  hid 
in  the  grass,  ftV  <  wfv^  '  hiffb  as  a  man's  waist) 
and  gathered  <o  «u  tueiu,  t  \\  they  had  closed  them 
in;  being  all  armc  *  - ^  .tins,  spears, hatchets,  d^c, 
with  their  hairs  trimiue  .  and  faces  painted,  in  their 
warlike  appearance. 

It  was  doubtless  somewhat  surprising  to  our  gen- 
tleman at  first,  but  without  any  visible  discovery  of 
't,  after  a  small  silent  pause  on  each  side,  he  spoke 
to  Awashonks,  and  told  her,  that  George  had  inrarm* 
ed  him  that  she  had  a  desire  to  see  him,  and  dis- 
course about  making  peace  with  the  English.  She 
answered  "Yes."  "Then,"  said  Mr.  Church,  "it  if 
customary  when  people  meet  to  treat  of  peace,  to 
Vay  aside  their  arms,  and  not  to  appear  in  such  h  ■■- 
tile  form  as  your  people  do."  [He''  ^sired  oi  ^.ir. 
that  if  they  might  talk  about  petoe.    s  jch 


'*Ci 


-VStf" 


m 


Philips  war. 


^ .  ■ 


M  they  might,  her  men  might  lay  aside  their -amur* 
and  appear  more  treatable.  Upon  whieh  there  be- 
gan a  considerable  noise  and  murmur  among  them 
in  their  own  language,  till  Awashonks  asked  him 
what  arms  they  should  lay  down,  and  where  9  He 
(perceiving  the  Indians  looked  very  surly  and  much 
displeasedj  replied,  "Only  their  guns  at  some  small 
distance,  for  formality's  sake."  Upon  which  with  one 
consent,  they  laid  aside  their  guns  and  came  and  sat 

down.  ^r..    •■-....  ;    ir--  A- 

Mr.  Church'  pulled  out  his  calabaahj  and  asked 
Awashonks  whether  she  had  lived  so  long  at  Wetii- 
set,*  as  to  forget  to  drink  occapeches  ^f  and  drink- 
ing to  her,  he  perceived  that  she  watched  him  very 
diligently,  |o  see  (as  he  thought)  whether  he  swal- 
lowed  any  of  the  rum.  He  offered  her  the  shell, 
but  she  desired  him  to  drink  again  first.  He  then 
told  her,  [that]  there  was  no  poison  in  it ;  and  pour- 
ing some  into  the  palm  of  his  hand,  sippo^  it  up. 
And  took  the  shell  and  drank  to  her  again,  and  drank 
&  good  swig,  which  indeed  was  no  more  than  he 
needed.  Then  they  all  standing  up,  he  said  to 
Awashonks,  "  You  wont  drink  for  fefir  there  should 
be  poison  in  it,"  and  then  handed  it  to  a  little  ill 
looking  fellow,  who  catched  it  readily  enough,  and 
as  greedily  would  have  swallowed  the  liquor  when  he 
had  it  at  his  mouth.  But  Mr.  Church  catched  him 
by  the  throat,  and  took  it  from,  him,  asking  him 
Whether  he  intended  to  swallow  shell  and  all  9  and 
then  handed  it  to  Awashonks.  She  ventured  to  take 
a  good  hearty  dram,  and  passed  it  among  her  atten- 
dants. ^;'^'^T\?^5jv-!;^i|-'2>>.j';  -y^^" 

The  shell  being  emptied,  he  pulled  out  his  to- 
bacco ;  and  having  distributed  it,  they  began  to 
talk. 

Awashonks  demanded  of  him  the  reason,  why  he 
had  not  (agreeable  to  his  promise  when  she  saw  him 

•Wachuset.     See  note  1,  on  p.  69.  ^^ 

t  Commonly  heard  as  thoirgh  written  okape,  or  oehti^e. 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


m 


ere  be- 
l  them  . 
3d  him 
n  He 
1  much 
e  small 
nth  one 
and  sat 

asked 
Wetii- 
drink- 
im  very 
le  swal- 
e  shell, 
le  then 
id  pour- 
i  it  up. 
d  drank 
than  he 
said  to 
should 
ittle  ill 
gh,  and 
hen  he 
ed  him 
ng  him 
9    and 
to  take 
ir  atten- 

his  to- 
tan  to 

rhy  he 
law  him 


te. 


last)  been  diawn  at  Sogkonate  before  now  ?  Sayin||[, 
that  probably  if  he  had  come  then,  according  to  iua 
promise,  they  had  never  joined  with  Philip  against 
the  English. 

He  told  her  [that]  he  was  prevented  by  the  war's 
breaking  out  so  suddenly ;  and  yet,  he  was  after- 
wards coming  down,  and  came  as  far  as  Punkatees, 
where  a  great  many  Indians  set  upon  him,  and  fought 
him  a  whole  afternoon,  though  he  did  not  come  pre< 
pared  to  fight,  [and]  had  but  nineteen  men  with  him, 
whose  chief  design  was  to  gain  an  opportunity  to 
discourse  some  Sogkonate  Indians.  Upon  this  there 
at  once  arose  a  mighty  murmur,  confused  noise  and 
talk  among  the  fierce  looking  creatures,  and  all  ris- 
ing up  in  a  hubbub.  And  a  great  surly  looking  fel- 
low took  up  his  tomhog,  or  wooden  cutlass  to  kill 
Mr.  Church,  but  some  others  prevented  him. 

The  interpreter  asked  Mr.  Church,  if  he  under* 
stood  what  it  was  that  the  great  fellow  (they  had 
hold  of)  said*?  He  answered  him  "No."  "Why" 
said  the  interpreter,  "  he  says  [that]  you  killed  his 
brother  at  Punkatees,  and  therefore  he  thirsts  for 
vour  blood."  Mr.  Church  bid  the  interpreter  tell 
him  that  his  brother  began  first;  that  if  he  had  kept 
at  Sogkonate,  according  to  his  desire  and  order^  he 
should  not  have  hurt  him.  :-m-i£r 

Then  the  chief  Captain  commanded  siUnce;  and 
told  them  that  they  should  talk  no  more  about  old 
things,  <&c.,  and  quelled  the  tumult,  so  that  th^  sat 
down  a^ain,  and  began  upon  a  discourse  of  making 
peace  with  the  English.  Mr.  Church  asked  them  what 
proposals  they  would  make,  and  on  what  terms  they 
would  break  their  league  with  Philip*?  Desiring 
them  to  make  some  proposals  that  he  might  carry  to 
his  masters ;  telling  them  that  it  was  not  in  his  pow- 
er to  conclude  a  peace  with  them,  but  that  he  knew 
that  if  their  proposals  were  reasonable,  the  govern- 
ment would  not  be  unreasonable ;  and  that  he  would 
use  his  interest  with  the  government  for  themi  and 


PHILIPS  WAR. 

to  encouragd  them  to  proceed,  put  them  in  miod 
that  the  Pequots*  once  made  war  with  the  English, 
and  that  after  they  subjected  themselves  to  the  Eng- 
lish, the  English  becam^e  their  protectors,  and  de- 
fended ihem  ligainst  other  nationsf  thnt  would  other- 
wise have  destroyed  them,  &.c.  ' 

After  some  further  discourse  and  debate  he  brought 
them  at  length  to  consent,  that  if  the  government  of 
Plymouth  would  firmlv  engage  to  them,  that  they 
and  all  of  them,  and  their  wives  and  children  should 
have  their  lives  spared,  and  none  of  them  transport- 
ed out  of  the  country,  they  would  subject  themselves 
to  them,  and  serve  them,  in  what  they  were  able. 

Tlien  Mr.  Church  told  them,  that  he  was  well 
satisfied  the  government  of  Plymouth  would  readily 
concur  with  what  they  proposed,  and  would  sign 
their  articles.  And  complimenting  them  upon  it, 
how  pleased  he  was  with  the  thoughts  of  their  re- 
turn, and  of  the  former  friendship  that  had  been  be- 
twe%n  them,  <&c. 

The  chief  Captain  rose  up,  and  expressed  the 
great  value  and  respect  he  had  for  Mr.  Church ;  and 
bowing  to  him,  said,  *^  Sir,  if  you  will  please  to  ac- 
cept of  mo  and  my  men,  and  will  head  us,  we  will 
fignt  for  you,  and  will  help  you  to  Philip's  head  be- 
fore the  Indian  corn  be  ripe."  And  when  he  had 
ended,  they  all  expressed  their  consent  to  what  he 
said,  and  told  Mr.  Church  [that]  they  loved  him, 
and*  were  willing  to  go  with  him,  and  fight  for  him 
as  long  as  the  English  had  one  enemy  left  in  the 
country. 

Mr.  Church  assured  them,  that  if  they  proved  as 
good  as  their  word,  they  should  find  him  theirs,  and 
their  children's  fast  friend.  "And  (by  the  way)  the 
friendship  is  maintained  between  them  to  this  day.]; 

•  See  a  history  of  this  war  in  the  Appendix,  No.  IV. 

t  The  Narra^ansets.     See  first  note  to  Philip's  war. 

1 1716.  They  consisted  now,  probably  of  no  more  than 
300  persons. 


y*  ^■:,. 


m  mind 
English, 
;heEng- 
and  de- 
Id  other- 

brought 
iment  of 
lat  they 
n  should 
fansport- 
emselves 
i  able, 
was  well 
d  readily 
»uld  sign 
upon  it, 
their  re- 
been  be- 

jssed  the 
rch ;  and 
Lse  to  ac- 

we  will 
lead  be- 
n  he  had 
what  he 
)ved  him, 

for  him 
ft  in  the 


►roved  as 
s,  and 
way)  the 
is  day.} 

^ar. 
lore  than 


PHILIPS  WAR. 

Then  he  proposed  unto  them,  ^that  they  should 
choose  five  men  to  go  strait  with  him  to  Plymouth. 
They  told  him  "  No,  they  would  not  choose,  but  he 
sliould  take  which  five  he  pleased.'*  Some  compli- 
ments passed  about  it,  at  length  it  was  agreed,  [that] 
they  should  choose  three,  and  he  two.  Then  he 
agreed  that  he  would  go  back  to  the  island  that 
night,  and  would  come  to  them  the  next  morning, 
and  go  through  the  woods  to  Plymouth.  But  they 
aflerwiirds  objected,  [for]^  his  travelling  throuffh 
the  weeds  would  not  be  safe  for  him;  [that]  the 
enemy  might  meet  with  them  and  kill  him,  and  then 
they  should  lose  their  friend  and  the  whole  design 
[would  be]  ruined  beside.  And  .therefore  proposed 
that  he  should  come  in  an  English  vessel,  and  tho} 
would  meet  him,  and  come  on  board  at  Sogkonate 
point,  and  sail  from  thence  to  Sandwich,  which  in 
fine  was  concluded  upon. 

So  Mr.  Church  promising  to  come  as  soon  as  he 
could  possibly  obtain  a  vessel,  and  then  they  parted. 

He  returned  to  the  island  and  was  at  great  pains 
and  charge  to  get  a  vessel ;  but  with  unaccountable 
disappointments,  sometimes  by  the  falseness,  and 
sometimes  by  the  faintheartedness  of  men  that  he 
bargained  with,  and  something  by  wind  and  Weather, 
&c.  ^  Until  at  length  Mr.  Anthony  Low*  put  in  to 
the  harbour  with  a  loaded  vessel  bound  to  the 
westward,  and  being  made  acquainted  with  Mr. 
Church's  case,  told  him,  that  he  had  so  much  kind- 
ness for  him,  and  was  so  pleased  with  the  business 
he  was  engaged  in,  that  he  would  run  the  venture  of 
his  vessel  and  cargo  to  wait  upon  him. 

Accordingly,  next  morning  they  set  sail  with  a 

wind  that  soon  brought  them  to  Sogkonate  point. 

But  coming  there  they  met  with  a  contrary  wind, 

and  a  great  swelling  sea.    ;.a^^v  *•  -  ,^  ^'v^*^!;^ * 

i[that] 

. . . — _ ■  ■  '^' 

*  After  much  search  I  can  ascertain  nothing  of  this  person. 
The  name  is  common  in  our  country  at  this  day,  -^'v 


■;{1J.: 


84 


11 


h 

if 


f 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


The  Indians  were  there  waiting  upon  the  rooks, 
but  had  nothing  but  a  miserable  broken  canoe  to 
get  aboard  in  ;  yet  Peter  Awashonks  ventured  off  in 
it,  and  with  a  great  deal  of  difficulty  and  danger 

got  aboard.  And  by  this  time  it  began  to  rain  and 
low  exceedingly,  and  forced  them  up  the  sound ; 
and  then  [they]  went  away  through  Bristol  ferry, 
round  the  island  to  Newport,  carrying  Peter  with 
them. 

Then  Mr.  Church  dismissed  Mr.  Low,  and  told 
him,  that  inasmuch  as  Providence  opposed  his  soing 
by  water,  and  he  expected  that  the  army  would  be 
up  in  a  few  days^  and  probably,  if  he  should  be  gone 
at  that  juncture,  it  might  ruin  the  whole  design ;  [he] 
would  therefore  yield  his  voyage.  - 

Then  he  writ  the  account  of  his  transactions  with 
the  Indians,  and  drew  up  the  proposals,  and  articles 
of  peace,  and  despatched  Peter  with  them  to  Ply- 
mouth, that  his  honour  the  Governour,  if  he  saw 
causCj  might  sign  them. 

Peter  war  sent  over  to  Sogkonate  on  Lord's  day* 
vnorning,  with  orders  to  take  those  men  that  were 
chosen  to  go  down,  or  some  of  them,  at  least,  with 
him.  The  time  being  expired  that  was  appointed 
for  the  English  army  to  come,  there  was  great  iook*^ 
ing  for  them.  Mr.  Church,  on  the  Monday  morning, 
(partly  to  divert  himself  after  his  fatigue,  and  psurtly 
to  listen  for  the  army)  rode  out  with  his  wife,  and 
some  of  his  friends  to  Portsmouth,f  under  a  pre- 
tence of  cherrying ;  but  came  home  without  any 
news  from  the  army.  But  by  midnight,  or  sooner, 
he  was  roused  with  an  express  from  Major  Bradford^ 
who  was  arrived  with  the  army  Pt  Pocasset,  to  wkom 
he  forthwith  repaired,^  and   informed  htm   of  the 


[(■ipii  ^11  ^^ 


•  July  9. 

t  The  island  of  Rbodeisland  is  divided  inlo  S  towns ;  New- 
port  in  the  sooth,  Middletown,  and  Portenionth  in  the  north. 


■  ii''T^:-\p<sm''"- 


•V:-- 


y 


FHILiFS  WAR. 


U 


rooks, 
noe  to 
loir  in 
danger 
lin  and 
sound; 
ferry, 
3r  with 

id  tol<? 
3  going 
juld  be 
38  gone 
Q ;  [he] 

ins  with 
articles 
to  Ply- 
he  saw 


of  the 


;  New-      % 
north. 


whole  of  his  proceedings  with  the  Sogkonate  In 
di&ns. 

With  the  Major's  consent  and  advice,  he  retiimed 
again  next  morning  to  the  island  in  order  to  go  over 
that  way  to  Awashonks,  to  inform  her  that  the  army 
was  arrived,  (&c. 

Accordingly  from  Sachueeset  neck*  he  went  in  a 
canoe  to  Sogkonate.  [Ho]  told  her  that  Major 
Bradford  was  arrived  at  Pocasset  with  a  great  army, 
whom  he  had  informed  of  all  the  proceedings  with 
her ;  that  if  she  would  be  advised,  and  observe  order, 
she  nor  her  people  need  not  to  fear  being  hurt  by 
them ;  told  her  [that]  she  should  call  all  her  people 
down  into  the  neck,  lest  if  they  should  be  found 
straggling  about,  mischief  might  light  on  them;  that 
on  the  morrow  they  would  come  down  and  receive 
her  and  give  her  further  orders. 

She  promised  to  get  as  many  of  her  people  to^ 
gether  as  possibly  she  could ;  desiring  Mr*  ChuT'Ch 
to  consider  that  it  would  be  difhcult  for  to  get  thefls 
together  at  such  short  warning. 

Mr.  Church  returned  to  the  island  ai^  to  the  army 
the  same  night. 

:"*fThe  next  morningf  .the  whole  army  marched  tO' 
wards  Sogkonate,  as  far  as  Punkatees,  and  Mf;* 
Church  with  a  few  men  went  down  to  Sogkonate  to 
call  Awashonks  and  her  people,  to  come  up  to  the 
£nslish  camp.  As  he  was  going  dowQ  they  mejt 
wim  a  Pocasset  Indian ,  who  had  killed  a  cow,  And 
got  a  quarter  of  her  on  his  back,  and  her  tongue  in 
his  pocket.  [He]^  gave  them  an  account,  that  :he 
came  from  Pocasset  two  days  since  in  company  with 
his  mother,  and  several  other  Indians,  now  hid  in  a 
i»wamp  above  Nonquid.  J  Disarming  of  him,  heisent 
him  by  two  men  to  Major  Bradford,  and  proceeded 

I  [whc] 


•  (Tbe  sosi1.heaist  coruer  of  Ehodoisls  nd.) 

8 


■^ 


&. 


..  jg^j  *SF^ft   tf.yt.-.A...... 


^:^-  t. 


86 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


fc 


to  Sojgfkonate.    They  saw  several  Indians  by  the  way 
skulking  about  but  let  them  pass. 

Arriving,  at  Awashonks  camp,  [he]  told  her  [that] 
he  was  come  to  invite  her  and  her  people  up  to  Pun* 
katees,*  where  Major  Bradford  now  was  with  the 
Plyniouth  army,-  expecting  her  and  her  subjects  to 
receive  orders,  until  further  order  could  be  had  from 
the  government.  She  complied,  and  soon  sent  out 
orders  for  such  of  her  subjects  as  were  not  with  her, 
immediately  to  come  in.  And  by  twelve  o'clock  of 
next  day,  she  with«  most  of  her  number  appeared 
before  the  English  camp  at  Punkatees.  Mr.  Church 
tendered  [himself  to]  the  Major  to  serve  under  his 
conmiission,  providedf  the  Indians  might  be  accepted 
with  him,  id  fight  the  enemy.  The  Major  told  him, 
[that]  his  orders  were  to  improve  him  if  he  pleased, 
but  as  for  the  Indians  he  would  not  be  concerned 
with  them.  And  presently  gave  forth  orders  for 
Awashonks,  and  all  her  subjects,  both  men,  women 
and  children,  to  repair  to  Sandwich  ;f  and  to  be 
there  upon  peril,  in  six  days.  Awashonks  and  her 
chiefs  gatheired  round  Mr.  Church,  (where  he  was 
walked  off  from  the  rest)'  [and]  expressed  themselves 
concerned  that  they  could  not  be  confided  in,  nor 
improved.  He  told  them,  [that]  it  was  best  to  obey 
orders,  and  that  if  he  could  not  accompany  them  to 
Sandwich,  h  should  not  be  above  a  week  before  he 
would  meet  them  there  ;  that  he  was  confident  the 
Governour  would  commission  him  to  improve  them. 

The  Major  hastened  to  send  them  away  with  Jack 
Havens  (an  Indian  who  had  never  been  in  the  wars) 
in  the4ront,  with  a  flag  of  truce  in  his  hand. 

, .  *  (Adjoining  Fogiand  ferry.) 

The  geography  of  this  place,  with  respect  to  extent  and 
situation,  has  been  given  on  page  40,  note  1. 

t  A  town  between  Plymouth  and  Barnstable,  on  Cape  God. 
If  the  Major  were  arbitrary  in  giving  this  order,  he  was  lib- 
eral with  the  time,  af>  the  distance  was  not  above  SO  miles 
by  way  of  Plymouth,  and  perhaps  no  more  than  TO  through 
ths  woods.  M 


PKILIP*S  WAR. 


m 


eway 
[that] 

)PUI1- 

th  the 
cts  to 
I  from 
it  out 
hher, 
)ck  of 
peared 
;jhurch 
der  his 
cepted 
Id  him, 
leased, 
cerned 
era  for 
women 
I  to  be 
nd  her 
he  was 
nselves 
in,  nor 
•oobey 
Ihem  to 
fore  he 
snt  the 
them. 
Ih  Jack 
wars) 


mt  and 

)e  God. 
Ub- 
miles 
through 


:  They  being  gone,  Mr.  Church  by  the  help  of  his 
man  Toby,  (tne  Indian  whom  he  had  taken  prisoner 
as  he  was  going  down  to  Sogkonate)  took  said  To- 
by's mother,  and  those  that  were  with  her,  prisoners. 

Next  morning  the  whole  army  moved  back  to  Po- 
casset.  This  Toby  informed  them  that  there  were 
a  great  many  Indians  gone  down  to  Wepoiset*  to 
eat  clams ;  (other  provisions  being  very  scarce  with 
them)  that  Philip  himself  was  expected  within  three 
or  four  days  at  the  same  place.  Being  asked  what 
Indians  they  were  *?  he  answered,  "  Some  Weeta- 
more's  Indians;  some  Mounthope  Indians;  some 
Narraganset  Indians ;  and  some  other  upland  In- 
dians ;  in  all,  about  three  hundred." 

The  Rhodeisland  boats,  by  the  Major's  order, 
meeting  them  at  Pocasset,  they  were  soon  embarked. 
It  being  just  in  the  dusk  of  the  evening,  they  could 
plainly  discover  the  enemies'  fires  at  the  place  the 
Indian  directed  to,  and  the  army  concluded  no  other, 
but  [that]  they  were  bound  directly  thither,  until 
they  came  to  the  north  end  of  the  island  and  heard 
the  word  of  command  for  the  boats  to  bear  away. 

Mr.  Church  was  very  fond  of  having  this  probable 
opportunity  of  surprising  that  whole  company  of  In- 
dians embraced;  but  orders,  it  was  said  must  be 
obeyed,  which  were  to  go  to  Mounthope,  and  there 
to  fight  Philip. 

This  with  some  other  good  opportunities  of  doing 
spoil  upon  the  enemy,  being  unhappily  missed,f  Mr. 
Church  obtained  the  Major's  consent  to  meet  the 
Sogkonate  Indians,  according  to  his  promise.  Hv,  was 
offered  a  guard  to  Plymouth,  but  chose  to  go  with 
one  man  only,  who  was  a  good  pilot. 

ibout  sunset,{  he,  with  Sabin§  his  pilot,  mounted 


JTLl 


*  In  Swanzey. 

t  The  cause  of  this  ill  timed  manoeuvre  of  the  army'  must 
remain  a  mystery,  X  J'lly  20. 

§  As  this  name  does  not  occur  any  where  else  in  this  histo- 
ry, it  is  not  probable  that  he  served  regularly  in  thi^t  cap«|« 
city^, 


ijit£ia^S-i-ii?iKJt«j«:.'s.  :<k-7^  ^ ;: 


68 


PHILIP'S  WAE. 


1  A 


their  hones  at  Rehoboth,  where  Itplvmy  now  wai, 
and  by  two  hours  by  sun  next  momingi  arrived  soft 
at  Plymouth.  And  by  that  tune  they  t::d  remedied 
themselves,  the  Governour  and  Treasur  j  ^  came  to 
town.  Mr.  Church  gave  them  &  short  account  of  the 
affairs  of  the  army,  &c.     His  honour  was  pleased  to 

five  him  thanks  for  the  good  and  great  service  he 
ad  done  at  Sogkonate;  [and]  told  him,  [that]  h« 
had  confirmed  all  that  he  Had  promised  Awashonkti 
and  had  sent  the  Indian  back  asain  that  [had] 
brought  his  letter.f  He  asked  his  honour  whet '  er 
he  had  any  thing  later  froir  /i«vashonks'?  He  told 
hira  [that]  he  had  not.  v^hereupon  he  gave  hi& 
honour  an  account  of  the  Major's  orders  relating  to 
her  and  hers,  and  what  discourse  had  passed  pro  and 
con,  about  them;  and  that  he  had  promised  to  meet 
them;  and  that  he  had  encouraged  them  that  he 
thought  he  might  obtain  of  his  honour  a  commission 
to  lead  them  forth  to  fight  Philip.  His  honour  smi- 
lingly told  him,  that  he  should  not  want  commissiori 
if  he  would  accept  it,  nor  yet  good  Englishmen 
enough  to  make  up  a  good  army. 

But  in  short  he  told  his  honour  [that]  the  time  had 
expired  that  he  had  appointed  to  meet  the  Sogko- 
nates  at  Sandwich.  The  Governour  asked  him 
when  he  would  gol  He  told  him,  that  afternoon  by 
his  honour's  leave.  The  Governour  asked  him  how 
many  men  he  would  have  with  him'?  He  answered-, 
not  above  half  a  dozen;  with  an  order  to  take  more 
at  Sandwich,  if  he  saw  cause,  and  horses  provided. 
He  no  sooner  moved  it,  but  had  his  number  of  men 
tendering  to  go  with  him ;  among  [whom]  ^  were  Mr. 

1  [which]  r  -: 

•Mr.  Southworth.  ;« 

fTbis  letter  contained  an  answer- to  the  account  of  his 
meeting  Awashonki,  before  relatsd,  which  was  sent  fron»  the 
island  by  ^etff. 


■■'.'.1i 


,y1v 


PHIl.IP»S  WAR. 


8d 


ireihed 
ime  to 
t  of  the 
ased  to 
vice  he 
hat]  h» 
«honki, 
t  [had] 
w^>et'  er 
He  told 
ave   hit 
^ting  to 
pro  and 
to  meet 
that  he 
amission 
lOur  smi- 
nmissioti 
'lishmen 

time  had 
J  Sogko- 
jod  him 
moon  by 
lim  how 
iswered', 
Ike  more 
irovided. 
of  men 
ere  Mr. 


mt  of  bid 
from  the 


Jabez  Rowland,*  and  Nathaniel  Soathworth.f  They 
went  to  Sandwich  that  night,  where  Mr.  Church  (^itn 
need  enough)  took  a  nap  of  sleep.  The  next  morn- 
ing, with  about  sixteen  or  eighteen  men,  he  proceed- 
ed as  far  as  Agawom,];  where  they  had  great  expec- 
tation of  meeting  the  Indians,  but  met  them  not. 
His  men  being  discouraged,  about  half  of  them  re- 
turned. Only  half  a  dozen  stuck  by  him,  and  pro- 
mised so  to  do  until  they  should  meet  with  the  In- 
dians. 

When  they  came  to  Sippican J  river,  Mr.  How- 
land  began  to  tire,  upon  which  Mr.  Church  left  him 
and  two  more,  for  a  reserve,  at  the  river;  that  if  he 
should  meet  with  enemies,  and  be  forced  back,  they 
might  be  ready  to  assist  them  in  getting  over  the 
river.  Proceeding  in  their  march,  they  crossed 
another  river,  and  opened  a  great  bay,||  where  they 
might  see  many  miles  along  snore,  where  were  sands 
and  flats ;  and  hearing  a  great  noi&e  below  them,  to- 
wards the  sea,  they  dismounted  their  horses :  left 
ttiem,  and  creeped  among  the  bushes,  until  they 
came  near  the  bank,  and  saw  a  vast  company  of  In- 

*  Little  more  than  the  pages  of  this  history  famish^  am  I 
able  to  communicate  of  the  worthy  Rowland.  More,  but 
for  *he  fatal  winds,  or  more  fatal  flames  of  Courtstreet  might 
have  beei)  told.  He  was  a  son  of  the  venerable  John  How- 
land  of  Carver's  family,  ^ whose  name  is  the  ISth  to  that 
memorable  instrument,  or  &xst  foundation  of  government  in 
Newengland,  which  may  be  seen  in  Appendix,  III,  with  the 
other  signf  rs.)  As  I  am  informed  by  my  worthy  friend,  Mr. 
Isaac  Howland  of  Westport,  who  is  also  a  descendant. 

t  This  gentleman  was  with  Mr.  Church  in  his  first  and^ 
second  expeditions  to  the  eastward,  as  will  be  seen  in  those' 
expeditions.     I  learn  nothing  more  of  him. 

J  A  small  ri\er  in  Rochester.     Several  places  were  known 
by  this  name.      Our  Plymouth  fathers  proposed  to  go  to  a 
lace  about  twenty  leagues  to  the  northward,  known  to  them 
y  the  name  of  Agawam,  (how  Ipswich.)    Moiion,  SO. 

6  (Rochester.)  ,  ,' ^ 


I 


I)  Buzzard's  bay. 


M 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


V;- 


t 


I  ^;jv 


W 


diiiifl)  of  nil  ag«y  and  sexes ;  some  on  horseback 
'anning  races;  some  at  football ;  some  catching  eeb 
and  flat  fish  in  the  water ;  some  clamming,  &,c, ; 
bvt,  which  way,  with  safety,  to  find  out  what  Indians 
they  were,  they  were  at  a  loss. 

Dui  at  length,  retiring  into  a  thicket,  Mr.  Churc' 
hallooed  to  them.  They  soon  answered  him,  and  a 
couple  of  smart  young  fellows,  well  mounted,  came 
upon  a  full  career  to  see  whom  it  might  be  that  cai  • 
cd,  and  came  just  upon  Mr.  Church  before  they  diet- 
covered  him.  But  when  they  perceived  themselves 
so  near  Englishmen,  and  armed,  were  much  surpris- 
ed ;  and  tacked  short  about  to  run  as  fast  back  as 
they  came  forward,  until  one  of  the  men  in  the  bushes 
called  to  them,  and  told  them  his  name  was  Church, 
and  [they]  need  not  fear  his  hurting  of  them.  Upon 
which  after  a  small  pause,  they  turned  about  their 
norses,  and  come  up  to  him.  One  of  them  that 
could  speak  English,  Mr.  Church  took  aside  and  ex- 
amined ;  who  informed  him,  that  the  Indians  below 
were  Awashonks  and  her  company,  and  that  Jack 
Havens  was  among  them ;  whom  Mr.  Church  imme- 
diately sent  for  to  come  to  him,  and  ordered  the  mes- 
senger to  inform  Awashonks  that  he  was  come  to 
meet  her.  Jack  Havens  soon  came,  and  by  that 
time  Mr.  Church  had  asked  him  a  few  questions,  and 
had  been  satisfied  by  him,  that  it  was  Awashonks 
and  her  company  that  were  below,  and  that  Jack  had 
been  kindly  treated  by  them,  a  company  of  Indians 
all  mounted  on  horseback,  and  well  armed,  came 
riding  up  to  Mr.  Church,  but  treated  him  with  all 
due  respects.  He  then  ordered  Jack  to  go  [and] 
tell  Awashonks,  that  he  designed  to  sup  with  her  in 
the  evening,  and  to  lodg^;  in  her  camp  that  night. 
Then  taking  some  of  the  Indians  with  him,  he  went 
back  to  the  river  to  take  care  of  Mr.  Howland. 

Mr.  Church  having  a  mind  to  try  what  m^ettle  he 
was  made  of,  imparted  his  notion  to  the  Indians  that 
were  with  him,  and  gave  them  directions  how  to  act 


leback 
igeeb 
}  &.C. ; 
ndianf 

:hurc' 
and  ^ 
cam** 
It  ca.  - 
ey  di^- 
Dselves 
urpris- 
»ack  as 
bushes 
'hurchi 
Upon 
it  their 
n  that 
ind  ex- 
below 
It  Jack 
imme- 
e  mes- 
ome  to 
)y  that 
IS,  and 
shonks 
ckhad 
ndians 
came 
'ith  all 
[and] 
her  in 
night. 
3  went 
L 

tie  he 
iS  that 
to  act 


pniLlP*S  WAR. 

(heir  parts.  When  he  came  pretty  near  the  place, 
he  and  his  Englishmen  pretendedly  fled,  firing  on 
their  retreat  towards  the  Indians  that  pursued  themi 
ftnd  they  firing  as  fast  after  them.  Mr.  Howland 
being  upon  his  guard,  hearing  the  guns,  and  by  and 
b^  seeing  the  motion  both  ^  the  English  and  In- 
dians, concluded  [that]  h\r  tv  ^  ds  were  distressed, 
and  was  soon  on  the  full  (.arcK .  on  horseback  to  meet 
them ;  [when]'  he  [perceived]"  their  laughing,  [and] 
mistrusted  the  trutn. 

As  soon  as  Mr.  Church  had  given  him  the  news, 
they  hastened  away  to  Awashonks.  Upon  their  ar- 
rival, they  were  immediately  conducted  to  a  shelter 
open  on  one  side  whither  Awashonks  and  her  chiefb 
soon  came,  and  paid  their  respects ;  and  the  multi- 
tudes gave  shouts  as  made  the  heavens  to  ring. 

It  being  now  about  sunsettkig,  or  near  the  dusk 
of  the  evening,  the  Netops^  came  running  from  all 
quarters  loaden  with  the  tops  of  dry  pines,  and  the 
like  combustible  matter,  making  a  huge  pile  there- 
of, near  Mr.  Church's  shelter,  on  the  open  side 
thereof.  But  by  this  time  supper  was  brought  in^ 
in  three  dishes ;  viz.,  a  curious  young  bass  in  one 
dish ;  eels  and  flat  fish  in  a  second ;  and  shell  fish 
in  a  third.  But  neither  bread  nor  salt  to  be  seen  at 
table.  But  by  that  time  supper  was  over,  the  mighty 
pile  of  pine  knots  and  tops,  &.c.,  was  fired ;  and  all 
the  Indians,  great  and  small,  gathered  in  a  ring 
round  it,  Awashonks,  with  the  oldest  of  her  people, 
men  and  women  mixed,  kneeling  down,  made  the 
first  ring  next  the  fire;  and  all  the  lusty  stout  men, 
P^^^>v^.      1  [until]    -'^^^h-      9  [perceiving] 


•^9'r  ^"pp-T 


*  This  name  is  used  by  our  author,  I  suspect,  in  the  same 
5cnsc  as  other  writers  use  that  of  sdnnop.  See  Winthrop*s 
Journal,  sub  anno  1680,  and  Hubbard,  Nar.  dO,  where  it  ap- 
pears tP  be  an  Indian  word  employed  by  the  sachems  as  a 
common  "name  for  their  men.  The  latter  author  spelt  it 
sannap.  _  Nipnet  was  a  general  name  for  all  inland  ni^ans 
between  the  Massachusetts  and  Connecticut  river.    Ibid.  Id, 


^^n     W 

^5^,^^- 


^1>. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


2.0 


us 


lAO 


1.8 


1 

1-25  III  1.4   III  1.6 

< 

6"     

► 

V] 


v] 


^. 


/^ 


"^/V^ 


(? 


/ 


Hiotographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


4r 


M 


Pl|fLIP*S.WAB. 


stftiidiiig  up,  made  the  next,  and  ikdia  all  ^  rabble 
in  a  eonfilsed  crewj  siurrounded,  on  tlie  outnde. 

Then  the  chief' Captain  stepped  in  between  tiie 
rings  and  the  fire,  with  a  spear  in  one  hand,  and  « 
halchet  in  the  other ;  danced  round  the  6re,  and  be- 
gan to  dght  with  it;  making  mention  of  all  the  seve- 
ral nations  and  companies  of  Indians  in  ^  coun- 
try, that  were  enemies  to  the  English.  And  at 
naming  of  every  particulnr  tribe  of  Indians,  be- would 
draw  oiit  and  fight  a  new  firebrand;  and  at  JInishing 
his  fi^i  with  each  particular  firebrand,  would  bow 
to  him,  and  thank  him;  and  when  he  had  named  all 
the  several  nations  and  tribes,  and  fought  them  all, 
he  stuck  down  his  spear  and  hatchet,  and  came  out, 
alii  another  steptin,  and  acted' over  the  same  dance, 
in^  more  fury,  if  possible'',  than  the  first ;  and  when 
li^^out  half  a  dozen  o^heir  chiefs  had  thus  acted  their 
parts,  the  Captain  of  the  guard  stept  up  to  Mr. 
Church,  and  told  him,  [that]  the/  were  making  sol- 
d^eii^r  him,  and  what  they  had  been  doing  was  all 
one  [as]  swearing  of  them.  And  having  in  that 
nianner  engaged  lul  the  stout  lusty  men,  Awashonks 
aiid  her  chiefe  came  to  Mr.  Church,  and  told  him, 
^i  now  they  were  all  engaged  to  fiffht  for  the  Eng- 
lishj  and  [that]  he  might  call  forth  all,  or  any  of 
tinem,  at  any  time,  as  he  saw  occasion,  to  fight  the 
enemy.  And  [then]  presented  him  with  a  very  Ifine 
firelock.  v^  i" 

Mr.  Church  accepts  their  offer,  drew  out  ft  num- 
ber of  them,  and  set  out  next  morning  before  day 
for  Plymouth,  where  they  arrived  the  same  day. 

The  Govemour  being  informed  of  iU.  came  early 
IQ^  town*  next  morning  ;f  and  by  that  time,  he  had 
Englishmen  enoueh  to  make  ft  good  company,  when 
joined  with  Mr.  (Jnurch's  Indians,  that  cmered  their 

t  The  Governour  rended  at  Marsbfield  a  few  '■Ullmiilfc 
«f  F^o|ith. 

t  July  98.  ^ 


I 


PHILIF8  WAk. 


9$ 


r<iniif)r  iti^oe,  tdr  gioiinder  hii  oommand  in  oiiMt 
of  th<^  entiiiy.  The  Governoiir  then  gw%  huBi  m 
conunimioii  which  »  as  follows. 

*^  Captain  BvNjAMiN  Chubcb,  you  ate  hereby  no- 
iplnatod,  ordered,  commissioned,  and  empowered  to 
raise  a  company  of  volimteefs  of  aboot  two  hundred 
meO,  English  and  Indians ;  the  English  not  exoeed- 
ing  the  number  of  sixty,  of  which  company,  qr  so 
many  of  them  as  you  can  obtun,  or  shall  see  cause  at 
present  to  improvej  you  are  to  take  the  command, 
oondnct,  and  to  lead  them  forth  now  and  hereafter^ 
at  such  time>  and  unto  such  places  within  this  colonyi 
or  elsewhere  within  the  confederate  colonies,  as  yoa 
shall  think  fit;  to  discover^  pursue,  fight,  surprise, 
destroy,  or  subdue  our  Indian  enemiea,  or  any  ^art 
or  parties  of  them,  that  by  the  providence  of  6od 
you  may  meet  with,  or  them,  or  any  of  th^m,  by 
treaty  and  composition  to  receive  to  mercy,  if  you  sfiKi 
reason,  (provided  they  be  not  murderous  rogues,  mr 
such  as  have  been  principal  actors  in  those  villanieSi) 
And  forasmuch  as  your  company  may  be  uneertt^liy 
and  the  persons  often  changed,  you  are  alsolie^- 
by  empov;ered  with  the  advice  of  your  company,  to 
choo&e  arid  commissionate  a  Lieutenant,  and  to  ear 
tablish  Sergeants,  and  Corporals  as  you  see  caiiSo 
And  you  herein  improving  your  best  judgment  .ai||l 
discretion,  and  utmost  abuity,  ^thfiilly  to  servo  m 
interest  of  God,  his  Majesty's  interest,  and  thein^i^* 
est  of  the  colony ;  and  carefully  governing  your  isM 
company  at  hcxne  and  abroad.  These  shall  be  unto 
you  full  and  ample  conmiission,  warrant  and  dif»- 
charge.  Given  under  the  publick  seal,  this  24th  day 
of  July,  1676. 

Per  JOS.  WINSLOW,  Gcvemour:' 

Keceiving  commission,  he  inarehed  the  same  niglbt 
into  the  woods,  got  to  Middiehorough*  be^re  day ; 

■  '  '         i»—'i  '  I  j*.i      iii'.  ■■    ■       ■■■■11  -^11       -     .^  I  .■       m        '  '■"   ■■■  «^        '■■  II.     ■'Li  t    tm  >iii   ■■> »■■»■»«  n         mm^mw^W^^ 

*  Ahtmt  15  mileg  from  Plymouth.  The  fruitful^wttafs  In 
thiB  town jtnd  this  pleaty  of  pwt  in  ito  woods,  caufod  it  to 
be  a  principal  resiaence  for  Indians.    Mqurt  says  (ia  fxlMe, 


94 


PHILIF^Wjm. 


aud  «a  800Q  a»  the  liglH  appeared,  tool^  inUik  jl^iB 
wdod0  and  fwampy  thipketoy  towards  a  plao^  wneie 
they  had  some  reason  to  expect  to  meet  with  a  pif- 
eel  of  Narraganset  Indians,  with  some  others  that 
belonged  to  Mounthope.  Coming  near  to  where 
they  expected  them,  Captain  Church's  Indian  scout 
discovered  the  enemy ;  and  well  observing  their  fires, 
and  postures,  returned  with  the  intelligence  to  their 
Captein;  who  gave  such  directions  for  the  surround- 
ing of  them,  as  had  the  desired  effect ;  surprising 
them  firom  every  side,  so  unexpectedly,  that  they 
were  ail  taken,  not  so  much  as  one  escaped.* 
}i  And  upon  a  strict  examination,  they  gave  intelli- 
gence of  another  parcel  of  the  enemy,  at  a  place 
called  Munponset  pond.f  Captain  Church  hastening 
with  his  pr!&K>ners  through  the  woods  to  Plymouth, 

Ofaron.  191,)  "  thousands  of  men  have  lived  here,  who  died 
of  the  l^eat  ptacne,  ahont  8  yean  before  our  arrival.''  It 
was  sameet  to  Massassoit,  and  was  first  visited  by  the  Eng^- 
lilli,  8  July,  1681.  Mr.  Edward  Winslow,  and  Mr.  Stephen 
Hopkins  passed  through  there,  oh  their  way  to  vidt  Massa> 
soit.  They  saw  the  Mnes  of  many  that  died  of  the  plaguo« 
where  their  habitations  had  been.  ibid.  Relicks  m  anti 
qotty  are  often  found  to  this  day.  A  gentleman  lately  dig 
gins  to  set^posts  for  a  front  yard,  near  the  town  house,  discov- 
ered an  Inoian  sepulchre.  It  contained  a  great  (Quantity  of 
beads  of  different  kinds,  with  many  other  curiosities.  A 
reiDdJiant  of  a  tribe  of  Indians  now  lives  on  the  nov^heast  side 
of  the  great  Assawomset.  They  have  mixed  with  the  blacks, 
and  none  remain  of  clear  blood.  The 'last  that  remained  un- 
mixed, was  a  man  who  died  a  few  years  since,  at  the  ajee, 
it  was  supposed,  of  100  years.     He  went  by  the  name  of  uy- 

Son.  What  is  known  of  the  troubles  of  the  inhabitants  in 
Is  wkt  is  found  scattered  tl^rough  Mr.  Hubbard's  Narra- 
tive, in  Bachus'  Hist.  Middleborough,  and  note  1,  for  page 
51,  of  this  work. 

*  We  have  to  regret  that  our  author  does  not  tell  us  the 
number  which  he  took,  and  the  place  where  he  took  them. 
Biut  his  indefinite  mode  et  writin^p,  majr,  in  part,  be  account- 
ed for,  by  the  eonfliderati<Hi,  that  it  is  i^ven  after  nearly  forty 
years,  mostly  .from  recollection  ;  especially  this  part  of  the 
liislory.  ^ 

t  A  small  pond  in  the  north  part  of  the  present  town  of 
Htlifiu. 


PHILIP'S  WAE. 


m 


cp  wiileie 
th  a  pti^ 
the^s  that 
to  where 
ian  seout 
heir  fires, 
9  to  their 
uirround- 
urprising 
that  they 

^e  intelli- 
t  a  place 
tastening 
lymouth, 

,  who  died 
riral."  It 
the  En{^- 
r.  Stephen 
t  Msssa^ 
le  plague^, 
:s  (H  atiti 
Eitely  dig 
ie,  disQov- 
lantity  of 
sities.    A 

east  eid« 

9  blacks, 

lained  un- 

kc  age, 

of  Gjr- 

itant»  in 
's  Narra- 

for  page 

[U  us  the 
>k  them. 
laceoiint- 
rly  forty 
H  of  the 

town  air 


disposed  of  them  all^  lexceptuiff,  onlv  one,  Jpt^f, 
who  proving  very  ingenuous  and  feithibl  to  him,  in 
informing  where  other  parcels  of  Indians  harboured', 
Captain  Church  promised  him,  that:  if  he  continued 
to  be  fatthfiil  to  him,  he  should  not  be  sold  out  of 
the  country,  but  should  be  his  waiting  man,  totakb 
care  of  his  horse,  Slc.  ;  and  accordingly  he  served 
him  fiiithiully  as  long  as  he  lived.'' 

But  daptain  Church  was  forthwith  sent  out  aganij 
and  the  terms  for  his  encouragement  being  ctcmehid- 
ed  on,  viz.^  that  the  country  should  find  them  am^ 
munition  and  provision,  and  have  half  the  prisoners 
and  arms  [that]  they  took:  The  Captain  and  iiis 
English  soldiers  to  have  the  other  half  of  the  prilvon^ 
ers  and  arms;  and  the  Indian  soldiers  the  loose 
plunder.  Poor  encouragement !  But  after  some  time 
it  was  inended. 

They  soon  captivated  the  Munponsets,^  and 
brought  them  in,  not  one  escapinr. 

This  stroke  he  held  several  weeks,  never  returning 
empty  handed.  When  he  wanted  intelligence  of 
their  kenneling  places,  he  would  march  to  some 
place,  likely  to  meet  with  some  travellerEt  or  ramblers, 
and  scattering  his  company,  would  lie  close;  i^ 
seldom  lay  above  a  day  of  two,  at  most,  before  some, 
of  then)  would  fall  into  their  hands;  whom^he  wouid 
compel  to  inform  where  their  company  were.  And 
so  by  his  method  of  secret  and  sudden  surpvises, 
took  great  numbers  of  them  prisoners. 

The  government  observing  his  extraordinarj^^ 
courage  and  conduct,  and  the  success  firom  heavenf 

*AMnail  tribe  of  Indians  that  resided  near  Manponiet 
pon<l' 

tWiiether  Hes'/en  had  any  thing  to  do  with  making 
slaves  of  the  Indiana  after  they  were  made  prisoners,  may  h^ 
doubted  by  soepticks,,  on  the  same  prineiides  that  every  w^ 
ing  man  now  doubfel  df  the  jostneis  of  our  southern  breth^ 
ten  to  make  daves  of  Nitgroes.  But  to  the  commendation  of 
our  hero  l|fi:  it  spoken,  t)iat  his  voice  was  always  agniast  eiK 


h 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 

•dd«d  to  it}  MW  cauM  to  enlarge  his  commiifioii ; 

£ve  him  poirer  to  raiie  and  diimiBS  his  foroeS)  as  he 
Hild  see  occasioh ;  to  commissionate  officers  un- 
der him,  and  to  march  as  far  as  he  should  see  cause, 
within  the  limits  of  the  three  united  colonies ;  to  re- 
ceive to  mercy,  give  quarter,  or  not ;  excepting  some 
particular  and  noted  murderers,  vir.,  Philip,  and  all 
that  were  at  the  destroying  of  Mr.  Clark's  garrison, 
and  some  few  others. 

Major  Bradford  bein^  now  at  Taunton  with  hia 
araiy,  and  wanting  provisions,  some  carts  wore  or- 
dered from  Plymouth  for  their  supply,  and  Captain 
Church  to  guard  them.  But  he  obtaining  other 
ffuards  for  uie  carts,  as  far  as  Middleborough^  ran 
before  with  a  small  company,  hoping  to  meet  with 
some  of  the  enemy ;  appointmc  the  carts  and  their 
ffuards  to  meet  with  them  at  Nemascut,*  about  an 
hour  after  sun's  rising,  next  morning. 

He  arrived  there  about  the  breaking  of  the  day- 
light, and  discovered  a  company  of  the  enemy ;  but 
his  time  was  too  short  to  wait  for  gaining  advantaga? 
and  therefor^  ran  right  in  upon  them,  surprised  and 
captivated  about  sixteen  of  them,  who  upon  exami- 
nation, informed  that  Tispaquinf  a  very  famous  Cap* 

daving  mankind.  What  greater  proof  can  we  have  of  hb 
humanity,  connderlng the  ag«in  which  he  lived?  See  page 
fit,  and  note  1. 

*  f  Near  Raynham.) 

Tnat  part  of  Middlehorongfa  aObng  the  rber  of  that  name. 
This  name  like  many  others  was  written  differently  hy  the 
early  contemporary  writers.  It  is  generally  spelt  Namasket ;  ^ 
hot  more  pr<merIyKemadcet.  HoTmes,  I,  Sll,  from  t  Mass. 
Hifll.  CoU.  Ill,  146,  says,  it  was  that jpart  of  Middleborough, 
liiiich  the  English  first  |plant«d.  Hmchinson,  I,  96S,  says, 
that  Philip  sometimes  resided  here.  See  note  i,  on  page  98. 
Savage,  in  Winthrop,  1, 5ft,  sam,  "  This  name  beihmged  to 
pirt  of  the  tract  now  iaohnlta  ia  Mi^lehorwigh ;  wA  the 
uiMS  of  Indian  geQ|pra|^y  were  probably  not  very  fureeise,  or 
ai»  forgottea.^* 

"fM^  was  "^  the  destreying  of  Mr.  Clark*s  house  at  Ply- 
noath.  $itet  liis  wife  and  eMld  were  taken  by  Captain 
Chareh,  he  came  and  delivered  himself  up  at  Plymouth,  as  a 


PHILIP'S  WAE. 


07 


tai^  among  t)ie  enemy  was  at  Assawompaet^  with  a 
numerous  company. 

Put  tiie  carts  must  now  be  guarded,  and  tlia  •p* 
portunitv  of  visiting  Tispaquin  must  now  be  laid 
aside ;  the  carts  are  to  be  faithfully  guarded^  lest 
Tisp^uin  should  attack  them. 

Coming  towards  Taunton,  Captain  Church  lakiiig 
two  men  with  him,  made  all  speed  to  the  town.  And 
coming  to  the  river  side,  he  hallooed,  and  inquinng 
of  them  that  came  to  the  riyer,  for  Major  Bradfora 
or  his  Captains.  He  was  informed  [that]  they  were 
in  the  town,  at  the  tavern.  He  told  them  of  the 
carts  that  were  comine ,  that  he  had  the  cumber  of 
guarding  them,  which  had  already  prevented  his  im- 
proving opportunities  of  doing  service ;  prayed, 
therefore,  that  a  guard  might  be  sent  over  to  receive 
the  carts,  that  he  might  be  at  liberty — ^refusing  all 
invitations  and  persuasions  to  go  over  to  the  tavern 
to  visit  the  Major.  He  at  lenffth  obtained  a  guard 
to  receive  the  carts,  by  whom  also  he  sent  his  prison- 
ers to  be  conveyed  with  the  carts,  to  Plymouth  \  di- 
recting them  not  to  return  by  the  way  they  came, 
but  by  Bridgewater. 

pcisonec  of  war ;  bnt  was  afterward  barbarotuly  mwderSdhj 
the  govvmment  foe  bis  confidence  in  them,  as  will  be  seen  in 
theprogress  of  this  history. 

To  do  justice  in  some  degree,  to  the  inemciry  of  the  nu- 
merous race  of  human  beings,  who  have  left  this  deUghtfiil 
country  to  us,  abiogrs^hical  work  should  b^writted,  contain- 
ing as  m^ch  of  the  lives  aiid  actions  as.  can  now  be  feaiida  of 
such  of  those  natives,  whose  names  have  come  down  to  ui. 
The  author  of  these  no^  has  taken  some  steps  toward  iliat 
end,  which  would  be  freely  contributed  to  assist  an  able  hand 
in  the  undertaking.  Should  no  other  attempt  it,  some  ylibrs 
to  come  may  produce  it  from  his  pen. 

•  (In  Middteboraugh.) 
j^>cThis  word  again  occurs  in  the  course  of  a  few  paragraphs 
and  is  there  spelt  right.  It  must  have  been  inattention  that 
caused  the  difference  in  its  orihogf  aphy,  as  well  as  in  many 
others.  The  country  around  the'  ponds  bore  the  name  of 
AssawomsetJ  ^9ee  note  4,  on  page  37.  In  modern  writers  we 
see  it  sometimes  spelt  as  above. 

,9  ;'■■■:.;• 


98 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


HaBtening  back, 'he  proponed  to  camp  that  night 
at  Aesawomset  neck.*  But  as  soon  as  they  came 
to  the  rivor  that  runs  into  the  j^reat  pondif  throuffh 
the  thick  swamp  at  the  entering  of  the  neck,  the 
enemy  fired  upon  them,  but  hurt  not  a  man.  Cap- 
tain Uhurch's  Indians  ran  right  into  the  swampt  And 
fired cpon  them,  but  it  being  in  the  dusk  of  the  eve-, 
niaur ,  the  enemy  made  their  escape  in  the  thickets. 
.  The  Captain  then  movinff  about  a  mile  into  the 
neck,  took  the  advantage  of  a  small  valley  to  feed 
his  horses.  Some  held  the  horses  by  the  bridles,  the 
rest  on  the  ground,  looked  sharp  out  for  the  enemy, 
[who  were]  within  hearing  on  every  side,  and  some 
very  near.  But  in  the  dead  of  the  night  the  enemy 
being  out  of  hearing,  or  still.  Captain  Church  moved 
out  of  the'  heck  (not  the  same  way  he  came  in,  lest 
he  should  be  ambuscaded)  towards  Cushnet,!  where 
all  the  houses  were  burnt.  And  crossing  Cushhet 
river,^  being  extremely  fatigued  with  two  nights* 
and  one  day's  ramble  without  rest  or  sleep.  And  ob^ 
serving  good  forage  for  their  horses,  the  Captain.; 
concluded  upon  baiting,  and  taking  a  nap.  Setting 
six  men  to  watch  the  passage  of.  the  river;    two  to 

\^  A  abort  diatance  below  or  to  tbe  aomtb  of  Sampson's  Tav- 
era.  Tbe  "  tbick  swamp,"  next  mentioned,  remains  to  tbis 
time,  ^ 

f  Tbe  Assawomset. 

i  (In  Dartmotttb.) 

Newbedford  has  been  since  taken  from  Dartmouth, 
part  where  Newbedlbrd  now  is  was  meant. 

§  Tbe  river  on  wbicb  Newbedford  stands  is  eaUed  Gush** 
net.  *Dr.  Douglass  wrote  tbis  word  Aecudinot.  Summary^ 
I,  40S.  And  I  tbink,  tbat  if  we  write  Aponaganset,  we 
should  also  write  Aceusbnot,  or  ratber  Acusbnet.  But  be 
wrote  Polyganset.  Ibid.  See  note  3,  on  page  51,  of  tbis 
history.  Tbe  most  ancient  way  of  writing  those  names,  in 
general,  is  to  be  preferred  ;  for  it  is  tbe  most  direct  road  to 
uniformity,  and  oonsistency,  Two  very  desirable  an^  agree* 
able  attendants  to  be  met  with  ill  lanf|uage ;  yet,  tbe  writer 
of  these  notes  is  very  sensible  of  bis  failures  in  tbese  %s  welV 
«is  other  respects.   - 


m 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


99 


watch  at  a  time,  while  the  others  slept,  and  so  to 
take  their  turns,  while  the  rest  of  the  company  went 
into  a  thicket  to  sleep  nnder  a  guard  of  two  senti- 
nels more.  But  the  whole  company  being  very 
drowsy,  soon  forgot  their  danger,  and  wore  fiurt 
asleep,  sentinels  and  all.'  The  Captain  first  awakes, 
looks  up,  and  judges  he  had  slept  tour  hours ;  which 
being  longer  than  he  designed,  immediately  rouses 
his  company,  and  sends  away  a  file  to  see  what  was 
become  of  the  watch,  at  the  passage  of  the  river ; 
but  they  no  sooner  opened  the  river  in  sight,  but 
they  discovered  a  company  of  the  enemy  viewing  of 
their  tracks,  where  they  came  into  the .  neck.  Cap- 
tain Church,  and  those  with  him,  soon  dispersed 
into  the  brush,  on  each  side  of  the  way,  while  the  file 
sent,  got  undiscovered  to  the  passage  of  the  river, 
and  found  their  watch  all  fast  asleep.  But  these 
tidings  thoroughly  awakened  the  whole  company. 

But  the  onemy  ffivins  them  no  present  disturbance, 
they  exiamined  their  Thnapsacks,]^  and  taking  a 
little  refireslmient,  the  Captain  ordered  one  party  to 
guard  the  horses,  and  the  other. to  scout,  who  soon 
met  with  a  track,  and  following  of  it,  they  were 
brought  to  a  small  company  of  Indians,  who  proved 
to  be  Littleeyes,*  and  family,  and  near  relations, 
who  were  of  Sogkonate,  but  had  forsaken  iheir 
countrymen,  upon  their  making  peace  with  the  Eng- 
lish. Some  or  Captain  Church's  Indians  asked  him, 
if  he  did  not  know  this  fellow  *?  [and]  told  him, 
"  This  is  the  rogue  that  would  have  killed  you  at 
Awashonks'  dance."  And  signified  to  him,  that  now 
he  had  an  opportunity  to  be  revenged  on  him.  But 
the  Captain  told  them,  [that]  it  was  not  English- 
men's nishion  to  seek  revenge  ;  and  that  he  imoQld 
have  the  quarter  the  rest  had. 

Moving 'to  the  river  side,  they  found  an  old  canoe, 

.>[Mkftpncks] 

^*  See  page  S6. 


100 


FtflLlPnS  WAR. 


with  which  the  CaptHin  otrdeted  Littleeyei  afld  hit 
company  to  be  oarri^  over  to  an  iilahd,*  telling 
him,  [that]  he  wonld  leave  him  on  that  Mttld  mkfii 
he  returned.  And  lest  the  English  ihould  light  on 
them,  and  kill  them,  he  would  leave  his  cousin  liight- 
footf  (whom  the  Enslish  knew  to  be  their  friend)  to 
be  his.  guard.  LitUeeyes  efpressed  himself  very 
thankful  to  the  Captain. 

He  leaving  his  orders  with  Lightfoot,  rettfrns  t<!> 
the  river  8:de,  towards  Ponaganset^  to  RusseFt  orch- 
ard.|  [On]  coming  near  the  orchard  they  eloped 
into  a  thicket,  and  there  lodged  the  ^est  of  the  Jiigl^t 
without  any  fire.  And  upon  the  morning  litf htV  ap^ 
pearing,  moved  towards  the  orchard,  [and]  discover- 
ed some  of  the  enemy,  who  had  been  there  the  day 
before,  and  had  beat  down  all  the  apples,  and  carri- 
ed them  away;  discovered  also  wtiefe  they  had 
lodged  that  nighty  and  saw  the  ground,  where  they 
set  their  baskets,  [was]  bloody;  beings  as  they  sup- 
posed, and  as  it  was  afterwards  discovered,  [^^J^ 
with  the  flesh  of  sWine,  &,c.,  which  they  h^d  killed 
that  day.  They  had  lain  under  the  fences  without 
any  fires,  and  seemed  by  the  marks  [which]  they  lefi 
behind  them,  'to  be  very  numerous;  perceived  ahfO 
by  the  dew  on  the  grass,  that  they  had  Adt  beeft 
long  gone,  and  therefore,  moved  apace  in  putsuft  of 
them. 

Travelling  three  mile»  or  more,  they  came  Into  the 
eottntry  road  where  the  tracks  parted.    On^  pa#cel 


[to  be] 


Ill  r^-iit  ii 


"  f  What,  t  suspect,  is  noW  called  Palmer's  island.  "IThere 
ire  others  further  out,  which  from  their  distatiee,  it  ist&dugnt 
ttjffikely  that  they  went  down  so  far. 

fCdusiii  tA  Littleeyes.  He  was  «  valusiMe  aitd  JTa^frAtl 
servant  to  Church,  and  it  AcPtdficius  for  his  ei|yloits<  ii»tlfe 
.enfesmWkrflk  ■^^'''V'  ■  H^ 

X  This  orchard  stood  jiust  in  rear  of  the  old  garrison  before 
■leatiencdf  See  note  3;0b  pag«  &d.  The  rtoaaiBs  of  wlneh 
were  to  be  seen  within  tlW  ^  #f  Mtte  recently  living. 


^'j,.  '>■ 


£..■, 


PHILIP'S  WAB. 


101 


steered  tbwardg  the  west  end  of  the  jpeat  cedir 
8wamp,  and  the  other  to  the  east  end.  The  Captain 
haltea,  and  told  his  Indian  soldiers,  that  they  had 
heard,  as  well  as  he,  what  some  men  had  said  at 
Plymouth,  about  them,  &c. ;  that  now  was  a  ffood 
opportunity  for  each  party  to  prove  themselves. 
The  track  being  divided,  they  should  follow  one  and 
the  English  the  other,  being  equal  in  number.  The 
Indians  declined  the  motion,  and  were  not  willinff  to 
move  any  where  without  him;  said,  [that]  they 
should  not  think  themselves  safe  without  him.  But 
the  Captain  insisting  upon  it,  they  submitted.  He 
gave  the  Indians  their  choice,  to  follow  which  track 
uiey  pleased.  They  replied,  that  they  were  light 
and  able  to  travel,  therefore,  if  he  pleased,  they 
would  take  the  west  track.  And  appointing  the 
ruins  of  John  Cook's  house  at  Cushnet,  for  the  place 
to  meet  at,  each  company  set  out  briskly  to  try  their 
fortunes. 

Captain  Church,  with  his  English  soldiers,  follow- 
ed their  track  until  they  came  near  entering  a  miry 
swamp,  when  the  Captain  heard  a  whistle  in  the 
rear ;  (which  was  a  note  for  a  halt)  looking  behind 
him,  he  saw  William  Fobes*  start, out  of  the  com- 
pany, and  made  towards  him,  who  hastened  to  meet 
him  as  fast  as  he  could.  Fobes  told  aim  [that]  they 
had  discovered  abundance  of  Indians,  and  if  he 
pleased  to  go  a  few  steps  back,  he  might  see  them 
himself.  He  did  so,  and  saw  them  across  the  swamp; 
observing  them,  he  perceived  [that]  they  were  gath- 
ering whortleberries,  and  they  had  no  apprehensions 
of  their  beins  so  near  them.  The  Captain  supposed 
them  to  be  chiefly  women,  and  therefore  cfilling  one 
Mr.  Dillano,  who  was  acquainted  with  the  ground, 
and  the  Indian  language,  and  another  named  Mr. 

■'■^— ^^— — ■ I   ■   -■■     ■     I  n    I    mm    ,tmm  iim y  i     i   im  ■■»  ■  i      .i  i      ■— ■■   i    ■■■■   ■  .  ■—     ■■       i       HI 

^  *  Perhaps  Forbes  would  have  been^he  proper  way  of  spel- 
Unf  this  name.  He  went  coimnitsiiy  with  Gharoh  in  his 
third  eastern  expedition. 


9* 


^At^ 


-,.  ,V 


>W''jtit>F 


S^.' 


nilli.1P>S  WAR. 


*  With  thM6  two  men  he  takes  right  through 
th»  fwamp,  ai  fait  af  he  could,  and  orders  the  rest 
10  haslea  ajfter  them. 

Caiptain  Church  with  Dillano  and  Bami,  haTing 
imd  horses,  spurred  on  and  were  soon  amongst  the 
unckest  of  the  Indians,  and  out  of  sight  of  their  own 
men.  Among  the  enemy  was  an  Indian  woman, 
who  with  her  husband  had  been  driven  off  from 
Rhodeisland,  notwithstanding  thev  had  a  house  upon 
Mr.  Sonford's  land^  and  had  planted  an  orchard 
before  the  war;  yet  the  inhabitants  would  not  be 
satisfied,  till  they  were  sent  off.  Captain  Church 
with  his  family,  Hving  then  at  the  said  Sanford*s, 
came  acquainted  with  them)  who  thought  it  very 
hard  to  turn  off  such  old  quiet  people.  But  in  the 
end  it  proved  a  providence,  and  an  advantage  to  him 
and  his  family,  as  you  may  see  afterwards. 

This  Indian  woman  knew  Captain  Church,  and  as 
soon  as  she  knew  him,  held  up  both  her  hands,  and 
ciame  running  towards  them,  crying  aloud,  **  Church ! 
Church !  Church!"  Captain  Church  bid  her  stop  the 
rest  of  the  Indians,  and  tell  them,  [thai}  thb  way 
to  save  their  lives,  was,  not  to  run,  but  yield  them- 
selves prisoners,  and  he  would  not  kill  them.*"  Bo 
with  her  help,  and  Dillano's,'Who  could  call  to  them 
in  llieir  own  language,  many  of  them  etepped  and 
-surrendered  themselves,  otliers  scampering  and  cast- 
ing away  their  baskets^  t&c,  betook  themselves  to 
the  thickets ;  but  Captain  Church  being  on  horse- 
back, soon  came  up  with  them,  and  laul  bold  of  a 
Sm  that  was  in  the  hand  of  one  of  the  foremost  of 
e  company,  pulled  it  from  hkn,  and^told  him  tic 
must  go  back.  And  when  be  had  turned  them,  ibc 
began  to  look  about  him  to  see  w^re  he  was,  and 
what  was  become   of  his  oempan^;  lioping  th^ 

i[and] 

■       »l.ll     HI        ■  J l-.il— «^      1    i  i  ■      11        "II  II        I     I    mil'  I  »    II  I  I  ■       .    I     1     I  II      I       I      |i»ii    I      i.  «li  I 

^  (Of  Ahti  peraso  w  mtXL  n  (Dttlano  and  iFobes,  iatt«r  iooiml- 
erable  pains  and  search,  I  can  tell  nodiing.  The«iSB0s  ate 
common  in  the  old  colony. 


'i:":' 


X4<' 


raiLIF>8  WAR. 


103 


might  b^  til  «•  well  employed  m  himielf.  But  Jie 
could  find  none  but  DiUeno,  who  was  very  busy 
gathering  up  priionera.  The  Captain  drove  hii  that 
he  had  stopped,  to  the  rest ;  inquiring  of  Dillano 
for  their  company,  but  could  have  no  news  of  them ; 
|[and]^  moving  back,picked  up  now  and  then  a  sculk- 
mg  prisoner  by  the  way. 

When  they  came  n^  the  place  where  they  first 
started  the  Indians,  thw  discoverod  their  company 
standing  in  a  body  ^Ather,  and  had  taken  Fome  few 
prisoners ;  when  the^^aw  their  Captain,  they  hasten- 
ed to  meet  him.  Tney  told  him  [that]  they  found 
it  difficult  getting  thfouffh  the  swamp,  and  neither 
seeine  nor  bearing  any  Aing  of  him,  they  concluded 
j'thatj  the  enemy  had  killed  him^  and  were  at  a  great 
loss  what  to  do. 

Having  brought  their  prisoners  together,  they 
found  [that]  they  had  taken  and  kiHed  sixty-six  of 
the  enemy.  Captain  Church  then  asked  the  old 
squaw,  what  company  tliey  belonged  unt!>  9  She  said, 
[that]  they  belonged  part  to  ^ilip,  and  part  to  Qnn- 
nappm*  and  the  Narraganset  aachem  ;t  discovered 

»[but] 

*An  old  Queen  amon^  the  Narragansets,  says  Hutch.  1, 36S. 
Trum.  I,  847,  says  that  Magnus  an  old  Narraganset  Queen 
was  killed  8  July.  It  is  possible  that  boith  names  meant  tlv^ 
Same  person^  She  signea  the  treaty  in  June,  of  whioh^vpcn- 
tion  has  been  made.  In  Hutchinson,  the  name  is  s)>elt 
Quaiapen,  and  in  Hubbi^,  Quenoquin,  and  by  a  writeir  in 
N.  H.  Hist«  Col.  Ill,  108,  Quannopin.  But  these  names 
may  not  all  mean  the  same  person,  as  the  author  last  cited, 
says,  that  Mx^  RowlandaoQ,  wife  of  the  minister  of  XAneas- 
ter,  when  taken  was  sold  4i^  Quannopin  whose  wife  was  a 
sister  to  Philip's  wife,  l^jbe  aame  waiter  obs^rveM,  on  page 
141,  that  one  of  Quaimoi^'s  wives'  names  wa3  Wittiitnorle. 
She  could  not  be  the  same  tiiat  was  drowned  near  Sw»ns^, 
for  that  was- be£i»e  Mrs.  R.  was  taken.  See  note  A^4>n 
page  37. 

t  Who  is  meant  by  this  I^arraeanset  sftehem,  it  is  diffiet^t 
to  determine.  There  were  six  tnat  subscribed  the  tiHsi^  in 
June.    €aiMMiiehet,  who  was  noted  for  Ims  ewnUy  to^i  Kngr 


104 


PHILIPS  WAft. 


e.ho  Hpon  her  declaration,  that' both  Philip  andQun- 
napin  were  about  two  miles  off,  in  the  great  cedar 
swamp.  £[e  inquired  of  her  what  company  they 
had  with  them.  She  answered,  "  Abundance  of  In- 
dians.^' The  swamp,  she  said,  was  full  of  Indians 
firdm  one  end  unto  the  other,  that  were  settled  there  : 
[and]  that  there  were  near  an  hundred  men,  [who] 
came  from  thesWamp  with  them,  and  left  them  upon 
that  plain  to  gather  whortleberries,  and  promised  to 
call  Uiem  as  mey  came  back  outof  Scohticut  neck,* 
whither  they  went  to  kill  cattle  and  horses  for  pro- 
visions for  the  company. 

She  perceiving  Captain  Church  move  towards  the 
necik,  told  -him,  [that]  if  they  went  that  way  they 
would  bd  killed.  He  asked  her  where  about  they 
crossed  the  river  9  She  pointed  to  the  upper  passing 

{>l&ce.  Upon  which  Captain  Church  passed  over  so 
ow  down,  as  he  thought  it  not  probable  [that]  they 
should  meet  with  his  track  in  their  return,  and  has- 
tened towards  the  island,  where  he  left  Littleeyes 
with  Lightfoot.  Finding  a  convenient  place  by  the 
river  side  for  securing  his  prisoners.  Captain  Church 
and  Mr.  Dillano  went  down  to  see  what  was  become 
of  Captain  Lightfoot,  and  the  .prisoners  left  in  hl3 
charge. 

Lightfoot  seeing  and  knowing  them,  soon  came 
over  with  his  broken  canoe,  and  informed  them,  that 

lidi,  but  it  could  not  be  he,  because  be  was  taken  by  the 
Counecticut  volunteers  the  first  week  in  April,  1676,  accord- 
ing to  Hubbard,  158,  and  it  was  now^  ^uly  ;  Canonicus,  whc 
was  killed  by  the  Mohawks  in  June;  M.attatoag,  of  whom 
we  hear  nothing :  Ninigret,  who  did  not  join  with  the  rest 
in  the  war ;  and  Pumham,  who  was  killed  m  the  woods  near 
Dedham,  about  the  l%st  week  in  July,  as  before  observed, 
and  who  it  is  possible  this  might  be.  He  must  have  been  a 
very  old  man,  as  I  presume  he  is  the  same  who  sold  land  to 
Mr.  Samuel  Gorton  about  1643,  and  became  dissatisfied  and 
vomplained  of  him  to  the  court.  See  Savage's  Winthrop, 
11.190.  ^ 

*  The  point  of  land  opposite  Newbedford  where  the  village 
of  Fairhaven  now  is.       «  "-  *:       '^  " 


rHILl!»'S  WAH. 


Mi 


he  hfld  t^ati  that  daty  about  one  hundred  men  of  the' 
en^my  go  down  into  Scoiiticot  neck,  and  that  they 
were  now  returning  again.  Upon  which  they  three 
fan  down  immediately  to  a  meadow  where  Lightfbot 
taid  [that]  the  Indians  had  passed,  whdre  the;y'  not 
6nly  saw  their  tracks,  but  also  them.  Whereupdii 
they  lay  close,  until  the  enemy  came  into  the  said 
meadow,  and  the  foremost  set  down  his  load,  and 
halted  until  all  the  company  came  up,  and  then  took 
up  their  loads  and  marched  again  the  same  way  that 
they  came  down  into  the  neck,  which  was  the  near- 
est way  unto  their  camp.  Had  they  gone  the  othef 
Way,  along  the  river,  they  could  not  have  missed 
Captain  Church's  track,  which  would  a\;abtles8  have 
exposed  them  to  the  loss  of  their  prisoners,  if  not  of 
their  lives. 

But  as  soon  as  the  coast  was  clear  of  them,  the 
Captain  sends  his  Lightfoot  to  fetch  his"  prisoneri 
from  the  island,  while  he  and  Mr.  Dillano  returned 
to  the  company ;  sent  part  of  them  to  conduct  Light- 
foot  and  his  company  to  the  aforesaid  meadow,  where 
Captain  Church  and  his  company  met  them.  Cross- 
ing the  enemy's  track,  they  made  all  haste  until  they 
got  over  Mattapoiset  river,*  near  about  four  miles 
beyond  the  ruins  of  Cook's  house,  where  he  appoint- 
ed to  meet  his  Indian  company,  whither  he  sent  DiU 
lano  with  two  more  to  meet  them ;  ordering  them 
that  if  the  Indians  were  not  arrived  to  Wait  for  them. 

Accordingly,  finding  no  Indians  there,  they  waited 
until  late  in  the  night,  when  they  arrived  with  their 
booty.  They  despatched  a  post  to  their  Captain,  to 
give  him  an  account  of  their  success,  but  the  day 
broke  before  they  came  to  him.  And  when  they 
had  compared  successes,  they  very  remarkably  foufnd 
that  the  number  that  each  company  had  taken  and 

•  (In  Rochester.) 

Quit«  t  sMsU  stream,  to  the  east  of  which  is  th€  village  df 
tb»  nantie,  though  now  usually  pronounced  Mattapois.  Se« 
ll«ttli|Q»j^e83. 


-Wits 


J^Vi 


■•*.! 


m 


FHOJrS  WAR. 


dain  was  equal.  The  Indiani  had  kiRed  thfee  of 
the.enemyt  and  taken  sixty-three  prisoners,  as  the 
EiuKlish  h^  done  before  them. 

Both  the  English  and  Indians  were  surprised  at 
this  remarkable  providence,  and  were  both  parties 
rejoicing  at  it ;  oeing  both  before  afraid  of  what 
might  have  been  the  unequal  success  of  the  parties, 
But  the  Indians  had  the  fortune  to  take  more  arms 
than  the  English. 

They  told  the  Captain,  that  they  had  missed  a 
brave  opportunity  by  parting  j  [that]  they  came  upon 
a  great  town  of  the  enemy,  viz..  Captain  Tyasks'* 
company ;  (Tyasks  was  the  next  man  to  Philip)  that 
they  fired  upon  the  enemy  before  they  were  discov^r^ 
ed,  and  ran  upon  them  with  a  shout ;  [and]  the  men. 
ran  and  left  their  wives  and  children,  and  many  of 
them  their  guns.  They  took  Tyaiks'  wife  and  son, 
and  thought,^  that  if  their  Captain  and  the  English 
company  had  been  with  them,  they  might  have  taken 
some  hundreds  of  them;  and  now  they  determined 
not  to  part  any  more. 

That  night,  Philip  sent  (as  afterwards  they  found 

out)  a  great  army  to  waylay  Captain  Church  at  the 

enterii^  on  of  Assawoihset  neck,  expecting  [that]  he 

would  nave  returned  the  same  way  [that]  ne  went  in ; 

but  that  was  never  his  method  to  return  the  same  way 

that  ho  came ;  and  at  this  time  going  another  way, 

he  escaped  falling  into  the  hands  of  his  enemies. 

The  next  day  they  went  home  by  Scipican,f  and  got 

well  with  their  prisoners  to  Plymouth. 
.J  • 

*  In  anoth<er  place,  Annawon  is  called  the  next  man  to 
Philip,  or  his  chief  Captain.  Hubbard  spelt  his  name 
Tiasba,  and  informs  us  tnat  he  surrendered  nimself  to  the 
English  in  June :  but  this  could  not  be  the  case,  as  it  was 
now  near  the  ena  of  July,  if  the  Indians  knew  the  company 
tobeTyn^ks*.  Thouen  nothing  is  said  in  the  text  that  we 
might  l>e  positive  that  Tyasks  was  there,  yet  Hubbard  says 
that  his  "  wife  and  child"  were  taken  first.    Nar.  3S0. 

t  A  small  river  in  Rochester.  Near  its  mouth  is  the  little 
village  of  Scipican,  4  miles  to  the  eastward  of  Mattapoiset 


.  J      , ,  >nvf.  t.  . 


PHILIP'^>  V/AR. 


iot 


He  soon  went  out  BSpih,  and  this  strcttehei  drove 
many  weeks.  And  when  he  took  any  nuinber  of 
prisoners,  he  would  pick  out  some  that  he  took  a 
fancy  to,  and  would  tell  them,  [that]  he  took  a  par- 
ticular fancy  to  them,  and  had  chosen  them  for  him- 
self to  make  soldiers  of;  and  if  any  would  behave 
themselves  well,  he  would  do  well  by  them,  and  they 
should  be  his  men,  and  not  sold  out  of  the  country. 
If  he  perceived  [that]  they  looked  surly,  and  his  In- 
dian soldiers  called  them  treacherous  dogs,  as  soma 
of  them  would  sometimes  do,  all  the  notice  he  Would 
take  of  it,  would  only  be  to  clap  them  on  the  back, 
and  tell  them,  **  Come,  come,  you  look  wild  and  surly, 
and  mutter,  but  that  signifies  nothing ;  these  my  best 
soldiers,  were,  a  little  while  ago,  as  wild  and  surly 
as  you  are  now ;  by  that  time  you  have  been  but  one 
day  along  with  me,  you  will  love  me  too,  and  be  as 
brisk  as  any  of  them."  And  it  proved  so;  fbr  there 
was  none  of  them,  but  (after  they  had  been  a  little 
while  with  him,  and  seen  his  behaviour,  and  how 
cheerful  and  successful  his  men  Were)  would  be  as 
ready  to  pilot  him  to  any  place  where  the  Indians 
dwelt  or  haunted,  (though  their  own  fathers,  or  near-, 
est  relations  should  be  among  them)  or  to  fight  for 
him,  as  any  of  his  own  men. 

Captain  Church  was,  in  two  particulars,  much  adr 
vantajo^ed  by  the  great  English  army*  that  was  now 

*  I  cannot  learn  w  this  "  great  army"  was  in  much  aetire 
service  about  this  time.  But  the  Connecticut  soldiers  were 
very  active.  A  party  under  Capt.  Denison  took  priioner 
Canoncbet,  or  Nanunttenoo,  as  he  was  last  called,  « the 
chief  sachem  of  all  the  Narragansets,"  who  had  come  down 
(Vom  the  Nipmuck  country  to  ^tt  seed  corn  to  plant  the  de- 
serted settlements  on  Connecticut  river.  Canonchel  was 
near  Pautucket  river  with  a  company  of  his  men,  and  while 
secure  in  his  tent,  and  was  relating  over  his  expjoits  against 
the  English,  Denison  came  upon  him.  He  fled  wUhall 
haste,  but  as  he  was  crossing  the  river,  a  misstep  brought 
hisguivunder  water,  and  retarded  his  progress.  Odo  Mo- 
nopoide,  a  Pequot,  being  swift  of  foot,  first  came  up  with 
him.    He  made  no  resistance,  though  he  was  a  man  or  great 


.'•  'r 


m 


FHIUPS  WAR. 


nbroad.  Qn^  was,  that  they  ^roy^  the  enemy  down 
to  that  part  9f  the  country,  yvE.,  to  the  eastward  of 
Taunton  river,  by  which  his  business  was  nearer 
home.  The  other  was,  that  when  he  fell  on  with  <^ 
|j^h  upon  any  body  of  the  enemy,  (were  they  never 
so  many)  they  fled,  expecting  the  great  army.  And 
I14B  manner  of  marching  through  the  woods  was 
such,  [thatp  if  he  were  discovered,  they  appeared 
to  be  more  than  they  were ;  for  he  always  marched 
at  a  wide  distance  one  from  another,  partly  for  their 
safety:  And  this  was  an  Indian  custom  to  mareh 
thin  and  scattered. 

Captain  Church  inquired  of  some  of  the  jlndians 
that  were  become  his  soldiers,  how  they  got  such 
advantage,  often,  of  the  English  in  their  marches 
through  the  woods?  They  told  him,  that  the  In- 

strength.  A  young  Englishman  next  came  up,  and  asked 
him  some  (]uestions,  hut  he  would  make  no  ansif  er.  At 
leoffth,  castine  a  look  of  neglect  on  his  youthful  face,  said,  itt 
broken  Englisn,  "  Tou  too  much  child ;  no  understand  mat 
ters  of  war— Let  your  Captain  come ;  him  I  will  answer.* 
He  would  not  accept  of  his  life. when  offered  him :  and  when 
told  that  he  was  to  die,  said,  "He  liked  it  well;  that  he 
dictuld  die  before  his  heart  was  soft,  Or  he  had  spoken  any 
tiling  unworthy  o^himself."  He  was  afterward  shot  at  l^o* 
nin^rton.  And  by  autumn,  this  with  other  Tolui^tf  er  eqm- 
Pjknies  kiUed  aiiratook  330  01  th^  enemy,  and  50  muskets; 
theie  exploits  were  continued  until  the  Narrsigansets  Were 
all  driven  out  of  the  country,  except  l^inigret.  Truinban, 
1, 348  to  845.  The  regular  ^Idiers  uiic^r  l^fajor  T^lcpt 
marched  into  the  Kipmuck's  cbuntrv, where  ^t  one  time  th^y 
killed  andjiobk  52  of  the  enemy.  'This  was  in  the  beginning 
of  June.  On  12  June  they  came  upon  about  700  In- 
dians, who  were  furiouslj  besieging  Hadley,  whom  they  im- 
mediately dispersed.  On  their  return  to  the  Narraganset 
country  they  came  upon  the  main  body  of  the  enemy  near  a 
large  cedar  swamp,  who  mostly  fled  into  it.  But  being  sur- 
rounded, 171  w;ere  killed  and  taken.  Among  them  was 
Magnus,  the  old  Qudeti  of  Narraganset.  Near'  Protvidence 
they  made  j  risoners,  and  killed  67  ;  and  soon  after  60  more 
«ii  their  'return  to  Oonnecti^cut.  Holipes,  I,  481  to  438.  See 
IMte  1,  on  page  108.  '^  i,  v 


;>-'-t  i 


-M^M 


w:-:6^i»0i^ 


^■i.;H*" 


.-fiiii.. 


PHILIP'S  WAli. 


m^ 


I 


dlitm  gained  ffreat  ftdvsoita^e  6f  iJtm  Ea^iOi  hftwo 
things;  [fbe^  itlway^  toiok  ci^e  itiihis^i^wW^ 
knid  iig^tir,  not  to  eonie  too  thick  t6gethei^;  btltiite 
En$i\fsha\wtLygk&pi  in  a  hisap  together^;  [«6l  that  it 
•Was  ais  easy  to  hit  them,  air  to  hit  tt  house.  Tne  otlj^r 
was,  that  if  at  any  titaie  they  dist^ered  a  conipaoy 
of  Etiglish  soldiers  in  the  W6ods,  th^y  knew  thcit 
there  were  all,  fbr  the  English  never  scattered,  li|^t 
the  Indians  alwaVs  divided  and  scattered.-         ''** ' 

Captain  Churchy  [being}no#  at  Pf}'m6uth,  soiilil- 
thing  or  other  hdppenc^d  that  kept  hiih  kt  hotl^Q  a 
few  days,  until  a  |S<>st  ban[ie  t6  MafshflcM  6h  the 
Lord^^^  day  mornihg,  infbrmitfg  the  Governotir,  ihkt 
a  great  army  bf  Indians  were  discovered,  who  it  W^s 
supposed  were  designing  to  get  over  tlie  river  to- 
wards Taunton  or  Bri&ewaterf^*  ia  attack  t^ose 
towns  that  lay  on  that  side  [of]  thq  rive^.  I'he  Go- 
vernour  hastened  to  Plymouth,  raised  what  ifien  J^ 
could  by  the  way,  came  to  Plymouth  in  the  l^giii- 
nihg  of  the  forenoon  exercise,  sent  for  Oaptaih 
Church  out  of  the  meetiiig  housed  gavie  hiiti  tfijB 
news,  and  desired  him'  immediately  to  rally  v/hat6jF 
his  company  he  cbiild,  and  Wliat  mch  he  had  raised 
should  join  themi  - 

The  Captain  bestirs  himself,  but  fpiXhd  no  bread 
in  the  store  hou^,  an<l  so  wad  forced  to  fun  froib 
house  to  house  ip  gpt  household  bres^  for  their 
march.  But  this  iabr  any  thing  else  prevented  ,  his 
marching  by  the  beginning  df  the  afl^ernpbii  exercise. 
Marching  with  what  men!  were  ready,  he  took  with 
him  the  post  that  came  irom  Bndgewater  to  pilot 
him  to  the  place  wl^firejie  thought  he  might  meet 
with  the  enemy. 

K.i&n'  1  [the  IndiaMr]  ^ 


J-:  -t-vr 


•  Jijy  SO,  1676. 

t  THIs  word  in  tiie  text  was  given  ii«u|^|^y.jifitliinift  the 
first  e.  ,      ;. 

I  He  M  "about  ,30  Englishmen  and  SO  reconciled  In* 
dians.**'   Hubbard,  Nar.  333.  yx^j^i^^^ 

10    :":^\-":':. :':'- 


110 


PHIUP»S  Wi^R. 


.  'in  the  oTening  they  heard  a  9mart  firing  at  a  di»- 
tance  from  them,  but  it  being  nem  night,  and  the 
firing  but  of  ishoirt  continuance,  they  missed  the 
place,  and  went  into  Bridgewater  town.  It  seems 
[that]  the  occasion  of  the  firing  was,  that  Philip, 
finding  that  Captain  Church  made  that  side  of  the 
country  too  hot  for  hiin,  designe4  to  return  to  the 
other  side  of  the  country  that  he  came  last  from. 
And  coming  to  Taunton  river  with  his  company, 
they  felled  a  great  tree  across  the,  river,  for  abridge 
to  pass  over  on.  And  just  asJPhilip's  old  uncle, 
AkKompoin,*  and  some  other  of  his  chiefs  were  pass- 
ing over  the  tree,  some  brisk  Bridgewater  lads  had 
ambushed  them,  fired  upon  them,  and  killed  the  old 
man,  and  several  others,  which  put  a  stop  to  their 
coming  oyer  the  river  that  nigbt.f 

Next  morning.  Captain  Church  moved  very  early 
with  his  company,  which  was  increased  by  many  of 
Bridgewater,  that  enlisted  under  him  for  that  expe- 
dition; and  by  their  piloting,  soon  came  very  still 
to  the  top  of  the  great  tree,  which  the  enemy  had 
fallen  across  the  river,  and  the  Captain  spied  an  In- 
dian sitting  on  the  stump  of  it  on  the  other  side  of 
the  river,  and  he  clapped  his  gun  up,  and  had  doubt- 
less despatched  hini,  but  that  one  of  his  own  Indians 
galled  hastily  to  him,  not  to  fire,  for  he  believed  it 
Was  one  of  tneir  own  men.  Upon  which  the  Indian 
^upon  the  stump,  looked  about,  and  Captain  Church's 
Indian  seeing  his  face,  perceived  his  mistake,  for  he 
knew  him  to  be  Philip ;  clapped  up  his  gun  and 
fired,  but  it  was  too  late ;  for  Philip  immediately 
direw  himself  off  the  stump,  leaped  down  a  bank  on 
the  other  side  of  the  river  end  made  his  escape.} 

*  This  might  be  a  birotheV  of  Massassoit,  but  we  hear  of 
none  but  Quadequinah. 

t  Hubbard  places  the  date  of  this  action  on  the  81 ;  but 
according  to  our  autiior  it  was  on  Sunday,  and  Sunday  was 
the  80. 

jpir  that  he,  mkht  apt 


'   %  He  had  not  long  before  cut 
be  known.    Hubbard. 


<ui' 


:  '^r 


;.'.»«:. 


at  a  di»- 
and  the 
issed  the 
It  seems 
It  Philip, 
de  of  the 
rii  to  the 
ast  from, 
company, 
r  abridge 
Id  uncte, 
trere  pass- 
lads  had 
d  the  old 
to  their 

ery  early 
many  of 
lat  expe-  , 
kery  still 
emy  had 
id  an  In- 
r  side  of 
id  doubt- 
1  Indians 
3lieved  it 
e  Indian 
Church's 
e,  for  he 
sun  and 
lediately 
bank  on 

e  hear  of 

81;  but 
nday  was 

■ught  not 


FHiLiP^  war; 


lU 


Captain  Church,  as  loon  as  poisible  got  over  the 
river,  and  scattered  in  quest  or  Philip  and  hit  ooi»* 
panv;  but  the  enemy  scattered  aiid  fled  every  way* 
[— J^  He  picked  up  a  considerable  many  of  their 
women  and  children,  among  which  were  Philip's 
mfe  and  sen;  [the  son]'  about  nine  years  old. 
Discovering  a  considerable  new  track  along  the  river, 
and  examining  the  prisoners,  found  [that]  it  was 
Qunnapin  and  the  Narragansets,  that  were  drawing 
off  from  those  parts  towards  the  Narraganset  coun- 
try. He  inquired  of  the  prisoners,  whether  Philip 
was  ^one  in  the  same  track  *?  They  told  him  that 
they  did  not  know;  for  he  fled  in  a  great  fright  when 
the  first  finglish  gun  was  fired,^and  [that}  they  had 
none  of  them  seen  or  heard  any  thing  of  him  since. 
^  Captain  Church  left  part  of  his  company  there  to 
secure  the  prisoners  [which]  they  got,  and  to  pick 
up  what  more  they  could  find,  and  with  the  rest  of 
hts  company  hastened  in  the  track  of  the  enemy  to 
overtake  them,  if  it  might  be  before  they  ||0t  over  the 
river;  aiid  ran  some  miles  along  the -river,  until  he 
came  to  a  place  where  the  Indians  had  waded  over ; 
and  he  with  his  company  waded  over  after  them,  up 
to  the  armpits ;  bemg  almost  as  wet  before  with 
sweat  as  tlie  river  could  make  them.  Followkiff 
about  a  mile  further,  and  not  overtaking  them,  and 
the  Captain  being  under  [a]  necessity  to  return  that 
night  to  the  army^came  to  a  halt ;  told  his  company, 
[that]  he  must  return  to  his  other  men.  His  Indian 
soldiers  moved  for  leave  to  pursue  the  enemy, 
(though  he  returned) ;  [they]  said  [that]  the  Narra- 
gansets were  great  rogues,  and  [that]-  they  wanted 
to  be  revenged  on  them  for  killing  some  of  their 
relations ;  named  Tockamona,  ( Awashonks'  brother) 
and  sonie  others.    Captain  Church  bade  them  go  and 

Erosper,  and  made  Lightfoot  their  chief,  and  gave 
im  the  title  of  Captain.  Bid  them  go  and  quit 
themselves  like  men;  And  away  they  scampered  like 
BO  many  horses.  **.»  ^f*.«w 


,'"<P^!^  ■ 


H^ 


VBOJO^Wtt^ 


Next  mdramgt  eaBy  Hmf  retiimed  0  tl^eir  Pap- 
ttthi,  and  inlbtinM  him  tiitat  they  ImmI  come  up  with 
the  aneaay,  and  killed  aeveral  or  them,  and  broiiAht 
him  thirteen  of  them  priionereu  [They]  weie  mi^ty 
I^roud^  their  exploit,  and  ccjoiced  moch  at  the  pp> 
portunity  of  avenging  themBelves.t  Captain  Chureh 
sent  the  ^sohei*  to  Brid^«aiter»  and  aent  onthie 
scouts  to  see  #hat  eneniiet  Or  trac|(8  they  co^tii 

SM.]  Discovering  some  small  tracks,  he  follqwed 
em,  found  where  the  enemy  had||indled  somfi  firen, 
an4  tFoasted  some  flesh,  &c.,  but  ha^  put  oi|^  their 
flres  and  w^i'e' gone*  •>  . 

*  The  Captain  foHowed  them  by  the  .track,  pvttinff 
bis  Indianii.  in  Ae  front;  some  of  which  were juch 
aslte  had  newly  taken  from  the  enemy,  and  aidkled 
to  hit  eompany.  [He]  gave  tfidm  orders  to.  inareh 
softly,  and  open  hearing  a  whiptle  in  the  roar,  io.-.  ^i 
dovNh,  till  further  order ;  or,  upon  diseoyery  etf  any 
oP  the  enemy,  to  stop;  for  his  design  wasyiif  ho 
coifid  ^iscoyer  where  the  enemy^  were,  not  to  ihll 
lif^n  them  (unless  necessitated  to  it)  imtil  next  morn- 
ings The  Indians  in  the  front  eaine  up  with  many 
we^n  and  children,  md  otiiers  that  were  faint  and 
tired,  and:  so  not  able  to  keep.up  vtrith  the  company, 
The«e  gnVe  them  an  aecoiknt,  that  Philip  with  Hpk 
great  number  of  the  enemy,  was  alittle  bemre.  > 

Captain  Church's  Indians  told  tlie  others,  [thiat] 
they  'were  their  prisoners,  but  if  they  would  submit 
to  order,  and  be '  still,  no  otie  should  hurt  them. 
They^heiitg  their  old  acquaintancey  were  easily  per- 
sud<fed  tb  conform.  A  4ittle  before  sunset  there 
was  a  halt  in  the  front,  until  the  Qaptain  came  up« 
llkey  «6ld  him  [Ihat]  they  dbcovered  the  enemy. 
He  Ordered  ihem  to  dog  themy  and  watch  their  mo^ 
tion  dll' it  was  dark.  But  Philip  soon  came  to  a 
Bibp^  and  fen  to  breaking  and^  chi^ptng  wood,  to 


-p4- 


*  Aiifiast  1st. 

t  Mr.  iHttbbard  tiUces  no  notice  of  this  exploit. 


>-»»'",."*'r;\^:'^?s'j'4^y..-rS».^«f'r/?^v'iW-a««i<lKi*'.-'^ 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


If3 


make  fires;  and  a  great  noise  ihey  made.    Captain* 
Church  draws  his  company  up  in  a  rinff,  and  lat 
dolff^  in  the  swamp  without  any  noise  or  fire. 

iThe  Indian  prisoners  were  much  surprised  td  M6 
the  Enfflish  soldiers;  but  the  Captain  told  them, 
[that]  if  they  would  be  quiet,  and  not  make  any  dis- 
turbance of  noise,  they  should  meet  with  civil  treats 
ment ;  but  if  thev  made  any  disturbance,  or  offisred 
to  run,  or  make  their  escape,  he  would  immediately 
kill  them  all ;  so  they  were  very  submissive  and  oIh 
sequious. 

When  the  day  brokei  Captain  Churcl|  told  his  j|>ri- 
soners,  that  his  expedition  was  such,  at  [thatP  imiti> 
that  he  could  not  afford  them  any  guard;  told  them, 
[that]  they  would  find  it  to  be  [to]  their  interest, 
to  attend  the  orders  he  was  now  about  to  give 
them;  which  were,  that  when  the  fight*  was  over, 
which  they  now  expected,  or  as  soon  as  the  firing 
ceased,  they  must  follow  the  track  of  his  company, 
and  come  to  them.  (Ah  Indian  is  next  to  a  blood 
hoiind  to  ioHow  a  track.)  He  said  to  them,  it 
would  b^  ill  vain  for  them,  to  think  of  disobedience j 
or  to  gain  any  thinji;  by  it ;  for  he  had  taken  and  kill- 
ed a  great  jnany^ot  the  Indian  rebels,  and  should,  in 
a  litt^  time  kill  and  take  all  the  rest,  &.c. 

By  this  time  it  began  to  be  [as]'  light  as  the  time 
that  he  usually  chose  to  make  nis  onset.  He  moved, 
sending  two  soldiers  before,  to  try,  if  they  coiild 
privately  discover  the  enemy's  postures.  But  very 
unhappily  it  fell  out,  that  [at]  the  very  same  time, 
Philip  had  sent  two  of  his  [men]  as  a  scout  uponhls 
own  track,  to  see  if  none  dogged  [him.]'  [lliey]* 
spied  the  two  Indian  men,  [—^^  turned  short jabout, 
and  fled  with  all  speed  to  their  canip,  and  Captain 
Church  pursued  as  fast  as  he  could.  The  two  In- 
dians Set  a  yelling  and  howling,  and  made  the  most 
hideous  noise  they  could  invent,  soon  gave  the  alami 
to  Philip  and  his  camp,  who  ail  fled  at  the  first  tid^ 
» [this]  9  [so]  3  [them]  -» [who]  » [mdj 
10* 


iH 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


ingf;  left  their  kettles  boiling,  and  meat  roasting 
upon  their  wooden  spits,  and  ran  intp  a  swaipp,' 
with  no  other  breakfast,  than  what  Captain  Church 
afterwards  treated  them  with. 

Captain  Church  pursuing,  sent  Mr.  Isaac  How- 
Itndf  with  a  party  on  one  side  of  the  swamp, while 
himself  with  the  rest,  ran  on  the  other  side,  agreeing. 
to  run  on  each  side,  until  they  met  on  the  further 
end.  Placing  some  men  in  secure  stands  at  that  end 
of  the  swamp  where  Philip  entered,  concluding  that 
if  they  headed  him,  and  beat  hifh  back,  that  he 
wot^Id  take  back  in  his  own  track.  Captain  Chufch 
^d  Mr.  QoWland  soon  met  at  the  further  end  of  the 
swamp,  (it  not  being  a  great  one)  where  they  met 
vtrith  a  great  number  of  the  enemy,  well  armed,  com- 
ing out  or  the  swamp.  But  on  sight  of  the  English, 
they  seemed  very  much  surprised  and  tacked  uiort. 
Captnip  Church  called  hastily  to  them,  and  soidt 
fthat].  if  they  fired  one  gun  they  were  all  dead  men; 
for  be  woula  h«^e  them  to  know  that  he  had  them 
nemmed  in  with  a  force  sufficient  to  command  them; 
but  if  they  peaceably  jsurrendered,  they  should  have 
good  <|uarter,}  &,c.  They  seeing  the  Indians  and 
English  come  so  thick  upon  them*  were  so  suiprised, 
that  many  of  them  stood  still  and  let  the  English 
come  and  take  the  guns  out  of  their  hands,  when 
they  were  both  charged  and  cocked. 

Many,  both  men,  women  and  children^  of  the  ene- 
my, were  imprisoned  at  this  time;  while  Philip, 

^  This  swamp  was  on  the  west  side,  of  Taunton  river,  if) 
Mfittapoiset  neck  in  Swanzey. 

f  A  brother  to  Jabez  Howland  before  mentioned^  and  son 
of  the  first  John  Howland,  whose  name  livfis  among  the  cele- 
brated FORTY  ONE.    See  note  1,  page  89. 

%  We  may  conclude  that  Mr.  Hubbard  is  inotre  correct  in 
hiifuBcuuntcf  t^is  affair  than  our  author ;  he  says,  that  one 
^phurcVs  Indians  called  to  them  in  their  own  language, 
fiic.|  which  from  the  circumstance  that  JVfr.  Church  comd  not 
^kmJc  Indian,  is  creditable.    Nar.  908. 


PH1LIP*8  WAR. 


lift 


Tispaquin,  Totoson,^  dtc,  concluded  that  the  Eng- 
lish would  pursue  them  upon  their  tracks,  so  were 
waylaying  [them]^  at  the  first  end  of  the  swamp ', 
hoping  thereby  to  gain  a  shot  upon  Captain  Church, 
who  was  now  better  employed  in  takmg  prisoners, 
and  running  them  into  a  yailey,  in  form  something 
[ — Y  like  a  punch  bowl ;  and  appointing  a  guard 
of  two  files,  treble  armed  with  guns  taken  fi'om  the 
enemy. 

But  Philip  having  waited  all  this  while  in  vain, 
now  moves  on  after  the  rest  of  his  company  to  see 
what  was  become  of  them.  And  by  this  time  Cap- 
tain Church  had  got  into  the  swamp  ready  to  meet 
him,  and  as  it  happened  made  the  first  discovery, 
clapped  behind  a  tree,  until  Philip's  ^company  came 
pretty  near,  and  then  fired  upon  them ;  killed  many 
of  them,  and  a  close  skirmish  followed.  Upon  this 
Philip  having  grounds  sufilicient  to  suspect  the  event 
of  his  company  that  went  before  them,  fled  back 
upon  his  own  track ;  and  coming  to  the  place  where 
the  ambush  lay,  they  fired  on  each  other,  and  one 
Lucas  of  Plymouth,  not  being  so  cai^eful  as  he  might 
have  been  about  his  stand,  was  killed  by  the  Indians. 

In  this  swamp  skirmish  Captain  Church,  with  his 
two  men  who  always  ran  by  his  side,  as  his  guard, 
met  with  three  of  the  enemy,  two  of- which  surren- 
dered themselves,  and  the  Captain's  guard  seized 
them,  but  the  other,  being  a  great,  stout,  surly  fellow, 
1  [their  tracks]  &  [shaped] 

*  A  son  of  the  noted  Sam  Barrow.  Totoson,  as  will  pre- 
sentlv  be  seen,  died  of  grief  for  the  destruction  of  bis  family, 
and  loss  of  his  countfy.  He  was  one  of  the  six  Narragaaset 
sachems  that  suhscribed  the  treaty  in  July,  1675.  His  prin- 
cipal place  of  resort  was  in  Rochester,  on  the  Icfl;  of  the  main 
road  as  you  pass  from  the  village  of  Rochester  to  Matt^>oi<<' 
set,  and  about  two  miles  from  the  latter.  It  was  a  piece  of 
high  ground  in  a  lsurg«-swamp,eonnected  to  the  high  land  by 
a  narrow  neck,  over  which,  all  had  to  pass  to  visit  him.  The 
road  passes  near  where  this  neck  joins  tlie  high  ground. 
JUS.  ReeoUeetiims.  »;''^>''*    . 


116 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


\  ■ 


with  hif  two  looki  tied  up  with  red,  and  &  greftt  rat- 
tiesnake's  skin  hanging  to  the  back  part  ofnii  head, 
Twho  Captain  Church  concluded  to  oe  Totoaon)  ran 
trom  them  into  the  swamp.*  Captain  Church  in  per- 
■on  pursued  him  close,  till  coming  pretty  near  up 
with  him,  presented  his  gun  between  his  shoulders, 
but  it  missmg  fire,  the  Indian  perceiving  it,  turned 
and  present^  at  Captain  Church,  [but  his 'gun]' 
missinff  fire  also ;  (their  guns  taking  wet  with  tiro 
fog  and  dew  of  the  niornin|^)  [and]*  the  Indian  turn- 
ing short  for  another  run,  his  Toot  tripped  in  a  small 
grape  vine,  and  he  fell  fiat  on  his  face.  Captain 
Church  was  by  this  time  up  with  him,  and  struck  the 
muszle  of  his  gun,  an  inch  and  a  half,  into  the  back 
part  of  his  hefid,  which  despatched  him  without 
another  b^w.*  But  Captain  Church  looking  behind 
him,  saw  Totoson,  the  Indian  whom  he  thought  he 
bad  killed,  come  flying  at  him  like  a  dragon  ;  but 
this  happened  to  be  fair  in  sight  of  the  guard  thai 
were  set  to  keep  the  prisoners,  who.  i^pying  Totoson 
and  others  that  were  following  birr,  in  the  very  sea- 
sonable juncture^'made  a  shot  up*  :i  them,  and  rescu- 
ed their  Captain;  though  ho  was  in  no  small  danger 
fitmi  his  friends  bullets ;  for  some  of  them  came  so 
near  him  that  he  thought  he  felt  the  wind  of  them. 

The  skirmish  being  over,  they  gathered  their  pri- 
soners together,  and  found  the  number  that  they  nad 
killed  and  'taken,  was  one  hundred  and  seventy  three, 
(the  prisoners  which  they  took  over  night  included^ 
who  aAer  the  skirmish,  came  to  therv*  as  they  were 
ordered.f 

Now  having  no  provisions  but  what  tliey  took  from 
1  [and]  "[but] 

*  It  cannot,  noi\,  be  ascertained  who  this  Indian:  warriour 
was,  bat  bis  br^vc.  y/as  not  uneaaal,  perbape,  to  num- 
berlcw  emiireil  'iK'%y-u^Vir9.  whose  inairidual  fame  has  filled 
far  bulkier  bookfth»^i;hi4. 

tThdse  exploits  took  ap  two  days,  namely  the  3,  lind  S 
August. 


miLif^wjat. 


Ill 


tbt  Menif,  they  hattaoed  to  Bridge  fttei,  seuiliDg 
■n^ezpteti  befora  to  pfovid«  for  ihem,  tb«ir  company 
I  Cling  now  very  nnnieroutb^ 

The^entlemen  of BHdffewater  met  Ceptain  Chnreh 
witii  neat  expreesioni  ofhonoor  akidithaaki^,  and  re« 
oeived  him  and  hit  army  with  all  due  respect  and, 
kind  treatment. 

Captain  Obr  h  furore  his  priioneri  (t^at  niahl) 
into  Bridg^w  * ..  '^  tiid,  and  set  bis  Indian  solmen 
to  guaK^  t.  jikv.  Tizfiy  being  well  tfeAted  with  viotu- 
als  anf!  dru4k,  Jiey  had  a  merry  nighty  and  the  pri- 
se aer-  \  iffhed  as  loud  as  the  soMiers;  not  being 
so  treutedjforj  %  long  time  befove.  > 

Some  or  the  Indians  now  said  to  Capiain  Churoh, 
"Sir,  you  have  now  made  Philip  reaay  to  die,  for 
you  have  made  him  ais  poor  and  miserable  as  he  used 
to  mike  the  English ;  for  you  hatw  now  killed  or 
taken  all  [of]  his  relations;  that  they  believed  he 
Would  now  soon  have  his  head,  and  that  this  bout 
had  almost  broken  his  heart." 

tlie  next  da^f  Captain  Church  moved,  and  arriv- 
ed with  all  hn  prisoners  safe  at  Plymouth.  The 
freat  English  army  was  now  at  Taunton^  and  Major 
'alcot,t  with  the  Connecticut  forces,  being  in  these 
parts  of  the  country,  did  considerable  spoiiupon  the 
enemy. 

*  Church  had  but  about  80  Huglitihjmen  and  SO  reconciled 
Indians,  says  Habbard,  M8,  ae  before  noted ;  and  that  he 
to<A  about  IM  prisoners,  ft  U  probiJble  that  hoia  a  little 
out  of  the  way  :i.  t:fa^  fornier,  as  well  as  the  latter  part  of  the 
'iatem*    .. 

'  i  M ^or  John  Taloot.  tt  n  to  be  Regretted  that  We  have 
no  account  of  iUs  n^Ktary  chieftain  in  a  biographical  work. 
'I^isfe^  ajfe  msny  jof  this  class,  wMth,  shqnld  they  raeeive  a 
fttnul  pm  of  t1i«  Attention  bestowed  on  some  obsaitv  diarae- 
ters,  would  add  much  to  the  value  of  such  worts.  I  hivie 
little  information  of  Major  Talcot^  ^^ept  whaS  Is  oolitain- 
led  in  the  viliic)|}e j. Hlitocy^  of  Connecticut^  In  n«ts  If  on 
page  107,  a  tew  ^liis  exmoits  are  sketched  ;  but  about  ^his 
time  he  was  as  bnajM  Church,  and  performed  very  sifBSl 


118 


rnilLlF'S  WAR. 


Now  Captain  Church  being  arrived  at  Plymouth 
received  thanks  from  the  government  for  his  good 
service,  6lc.  Many  of  his  soldieni  were  disbanded, 
and  he  thought  to^rest  himself  awhile;  being  much 
fatigued,  and' his  health  impaired,  by  excessive  heats 
and  colds,  wading  through  rivers,  &c.  But  it  was 
not  long  before  he  was  called  upon  to  rally,  upon 
advice  ui»X  some  of  the  enemy  w^re  discovered  in 
Dartmouth  woods;-  fc^  ^  V:^m- 

He  took  his  Indicns,  and  as  many  English  voluu'' 
teers  as  presented  to  go  with  him;  scattering  into 
small  pai'cels,  Mr.  Jabez  Rowland  (who  was  now, 
and  often,  his  Lieutenant,  and  a  worthy  good  soldier) 
had  the  fortune  to  discover  and  imprison  a  parcel 
of  the  eivemy.  In  the  evening  they  met  together  at 
ttn  appointed  place,  and  by  examining  the  prisoners 
they  gained  intelligence  of  Totoson's  haunt.*  And 
being  brisk  in  the  morning,  th^y' soon  gained  an  ad- 
vantage of  Totoson's  cQmpany,f  though  he  himself, 

services.  After  he  had  recruited  his  m«n  at  home  a  -short 
time,  he  received  intelligence  that  a  large  hody  of  Indians 
were  fleieing  to  the  westward.  Major  Tailcot  overtook  them 
near  the  close  of  the  third  day,  between  Westfield  and  Alba- 
ny on  the  west  side  of  llousatonick  river.  On  the  following 
mornin|f  he  divided  his  men  into  two  parties :  one  was  to 
■oCi-ossthe  river  and  come  upon  their  front,  at  the  same  time 
the  other  fell  upon  their  rear.  This  well  concerted  plan 
came  near  being  ruined  ;  as  the  first  party  were  crossing  the 
river  they  were  discovered  by  one  of  the  enemy  who  was 
out,  fishing.  He  hallooed,  "Awannux!  Awannux!"  and 
Was  immediately  shot  down.  This  surprised  the  «nemy, 
and  the  gun  was  taken  for  the  signal  to  begin  the  onset  by 
tl^^  other  party,  who  discharged  upon  them  as  they  were 
rising  from  sleep.  All  that  were  not  killed  or  wounded  fled 
into  the  woods  which  were  very  thick,  and  the  pursuit  was 
given  up.  Fortyfive  of  the  enemy  were  killed  and  taken, 
,.j,4unong  the  former  was  the  sachem  of  Quabaog.  The  army 
'^  now  returned.  The  Major  had  at  first  S50  men  beside 
friendly  Indians. 

*  See  note  on  page  115. 

'  fHabbard,  Nar.  SSS^says  that  about  fifty  were  taken  tt 
^^^Olistime. 


ft;- 


}-MP:^^i^ 


»if  ^^ 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


^119 


with  his  son  about  eight  years  old,  made  their  escape^ 
and  one  old  squaw  with  them,  to  Agawom,*  his  own 
country.  But  $am  Barrow,f  as  noted  a  rogue  as 
any  among  the  enemy,  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Eng- 
lish at  this  time.  Captain  Church  told  him,  that 
because  of  his  inhuman  murders  and  barbarities,  the 
Court  had  allowed  him  no  quarter,  but  was  to  be 
forthwith  put  to  death ;  and  therefore  he  was  to  pre- 
pare for  it.  Barrow  replied,  that  the  sentence  of 
death  against  him  was  justj  and  that  indeed  he  was 
ashamed  to  live  any  longer,  and  desired  no  more 
favour,  than  to  smoke  a  whiff  of  tobacco  before  his 
execution.  When  he  had  taken  a  few  whiffs,  he  said, 
he^was  ready  ;  upon  which  one  of  Captain  Church's 
Indians  sunk  his  hatchet  into  his  brains. 

The  famous  Totoson  arriving  at  Agawom,}  his 
son,  <^  which  was  the  last  that  was  leA  of  the  family, 
(Captain  Church  having  destroyed  all  the  rest)  fell 
sick.  The  wretch  reflecting  upon  the  miserable  con^ 
dition  he  had  brought  himself  into,  his  heart  became 
a  stone  within  him,  and  [he]  died.  The  old  squaw 
flung  a  few  leaves  and  brusn  over  him,  came  into 
Sandwich,  and  gave  this  account  of  his  death ;  and 
offered  to  show  them  where  she  left  his  body  ;  but 
never  had  the  opportunity,  for  she  immediately  fell 
sick  and  died  also. 

*  In  Rochester. 

1 1  find  nothing  more  recorded  of  Barrow,  than  what  is 
here  given.  It  appears  that  he  had  been  a  noted  villain,  and 
perhaps  his  sentence  was  just.  But  he  was  an  old  man,  and 
would  have  died  soon  enough  without  murdering.  No  doubt 
he  made  great  efforts  to  redeem  his  sinking  country,  an  ac- 
count of  which  cannot  be  had  at  this  day,  which  with  many 
others  we  have  greatly  to  lament  the  loss  of,  with  the  generar 
tions  tb  come. 

t  (Several  places  were  called  Agawom  :  [or  Acawam]  as 
at  Ipswich  and  Springfield  ;  this  Agaw<Hn  lies  in  Wareham.) 

It  b  probable  that  Totoson  hadother  places  of  resort  as 
well  as  in  Rochester,  bat  that  detcribed  in  note  on  page 
115,  iis  supposed  to  be  the  principal. 

§  Totoson,  son  of  Sam  Barrow, is  meant.        ,n^M  ^i^.4,#i» 


/■• 


190 


fHitip»s  waa: 


Captain  Chtireh  being  now  at  Plymooth  again; 
weary  and  Worn,  Would  have  gone  home  to  his  wife 
and  nunily,  but  the  government  lieing  solicitor  to 
engage  him  in  the  service  until  Philip  was  slain;  aiid 
promising  him  satisfaction  and  redress  for  some  mis- 
treatment that  he  had  met  with,  he  fixes  for  another 
expedition. 

He  had  soon  vohmteers  enough  to  make  up  the 
company  he  desired,  and  marched  through  thd 
woods,  Until  he  came  to  Pocasset.  And  not  seeing 
or  hearing  of  any  of  the  enemy,  they  went  over  the 
feri'y  to  Rhodeisland,  to  refresh  themselves.  The 
Captain  with  about  half  a  dozen  in  his  company, 
took  horses  and  rode  about  eight  miles  down  th^ 
island,  to  jMr.  San  ford's,  where  he  had  left  his  wife.* 
[^e]^  tt&  sooner  saw  him,  but  fainted  with  surprise ; 
and  by  that  time  she  was  a  little  revived,  they  spied 
two  horsemen  comiiig  a  great  pace.  Captain  Church 
told  his  company,  that  *^  Those  men  (by  their  riding) 
come  with  tidings."  When  they  came  up,  they  prov-* 
ed  to  be  Mc^or  Sanford,f  and  Captain  Golding. 
[They]*  immediately  asked  Captain  Church,  what 
tie  would  give  to  hear  some  news  of  Philip*?  He  re- 
plied, that  [that]  was  what  he  wanted.  They  told 
nim,  [that]  they  had  rode  hard  with,  some  hopes  of 
overtaking  him,  and  were  now  come  on  purpose  to 
inform  him,  that  there  were  just  now  tidings  from 
Mouhthope.  An  Indian  came  down  firom  thence 
(where  Philip's  camp  now  was)  [ — 'P  to  Sandy  point, 
over  against  Trip's,  and  hallooed,  and  mdde  signs  to 
i[who]  .<^  [who]  ^•^^  ^^8  [on] 

*  This  was"  on  the  11  August. 

"'"tThc  same,  very  probably,  who  arrested  Sir  Edmund 
Andros  at  I(.  I.  in  1689.  Andros  was  then  a  prisoner  at  the 
castle  in  Boston  harbour,  when  his  servant,  by  the  assiiertance 
of  Bacchus,  caused  the  sentinel  to  let  him  stand  in  his  stead, 
and  Sir  Edmund  escaped.  Hutchinson,  I,  349.  The  name 
iiliBOt  uniformly  spelt.  In  the  text  of  Hutchinsoii  the  first 
d  is  omitted,  as  in  our  text  page  103,  but  in  his  Index  two 
<Im  are  used. 


PHIUFS  WAft» 


Hi 


bii  fetched  over.  Aod  beinff  fetehedover,  lie  tepeipt- 
ed^  that  he  was  fled  firom  ?hi)tp,  «  who  (gaid  he)  has 
killed  my  brother  just  before  t  came  away,  fbr  giv- 

£\nm  some  advice  that  displeased  him.''*  And  said, 
mat]  he  was  fled  for  fear  of  meeting  with  the  saikic 
is  brother  had  met  with.  Told  them  also,  that 
Philip  was  now  in  Mounthope  neck.  Captain  Churcli 
thanked  them  for  their  good  news,  and  said,  [that] 
he  hoped  by  to-morrow  morning  to  have  the  rogue's 
head.  The  horses  that  he  and  his  company  came 
on,  standing  at  the  door,  (for  they  had  not  been  un- 
saddled) his  wife  must  content  herself  with  a  short 
visit,  when  such  game  was  ahead.  They  immediate- 
ly mounted,  set  spurs  to  their  horses,  and  away. 

The  two  gentlemen  that  brought  him  the  tidings, 
told  him,  [that]  they  would  gladly  wait  upon  him  to 
see  the  event  of  the  expedition.  He  thanked  them, 
and  told  them,  [that]  he  should  be  as  fond  of  theii- 
company  as  any  men's ;  and  (in  short)  they  went 
with  him.  And  they  were  soon  at  Trip's  ferry,  (with 
Captain  Church's  company)  where  the  deserter  was. 
[He]^  was  a  fellow  of  good  sense,  and  told  his  story 
handsomely.  He  oflered  Captain  Church,  to  pilot 
him  to  Philip,  and  to  help  to  kill  him,  that  he  might 
revenge  his  brother's  death.  Told  him,  (hat  Philip 
was  now  upon  a  little  spot  of  upland,  that  was  in  the 
south  end  of  the  miry  swamp,  just  at  the  foot  of  the 
mount,  which  was  a  spot  of  ground  that  Captain 
Church  was  well  acquainted  with.        * 

By  that  time  they  were  over  the  ferry,  and  came 
near  the  ground,half  the  night  was  spent.    The  Cap- 
tain commands  a  halt,  and  bringing  the  company  to- 
gether, he  asked  Major  Sanford's  and  Captain  Gold-  r 
lug's  advice,  what  method  [it]  was  best  to  take  inf 
making  the  onset ;  but  they  declined  giving  him  any  ; 

i[wbo] 

,«— ^ : , : i-U,- 

f  Mr.  Hubbard  says  that  it  was  for  adrisi.ng  him  to^pakn 
peace  with  the  English.  ;^     ^  ;^  ^. 

a.. '  :.  -    ■    -      •■    -    ■.^\.m-''f-^:,'' 


1S3 


FHnjpm  WAR. 


advipe ;  telliiig  hiiQi  th<it  his  great  expemnde  aald 
success  forbid  their  taking  upon  them  to  give  advice. 
Then  Captain  Church)  offered  Captain  Golding  ^^^ 
the  honour  (if  he  would  please  Accept  of  it)  to  neat 
up  Philip's  headquarters.  He  accepted  the  ofier 
and  had  his  Plotted  ^number  drawn  out  to  him,  and 
the  pilot.  Captain  Churches  instructions  to  him 
vere,  to  be  very  careful  in  his  approach  to*  the  ene- 
my, and  be  sure  not  to  show  himself,  until  by  day- 
light they  might  see  and  discern  their  own  men  from 
the  enemy ;  told  him  also,  that  his  custom  in  like 
cases,  was,  to  creep  with  his  company,  on  their  bel- 
lies, until  they  came  as  near  as  they  could;  and  that 
as  soon  as  the  enemy  discovered  then;,  they  would 
cry  out,  and  that  was  the  word  for  his  men  to  fire 
and  fall  on.  [He]  directed  him,  [that]  when  the 
enemy  should  start  and  take  into  the  swamp,  [that] 
they  should  pursue  with  speed;  every  man  shouting 
and  making  what  noise  [he]^  could ;  for  he  would 
give  orders  to  his  ambuscade  to  fire  on  any  that 
i^ould  come  silently.  y^^''' 

Captain  Church  knowing  that  it  was  Philip's  cus- 
tom to  be  foremost  in  the  flight,  went  down  ;o  the 
swamp,  and  g  aye  Captain  Williams  of  Scituate  the 
command  of  the  right  wing  of  the  ambush,  and  pla- 
ced an  Englishman  and  an  Indian  together  behind 
such  shelters  of  trees,  &c.,  [as]'"*  he  could  find,  and 
took  care  to  place  them  at  such  distance,  that  none 
might  pass  undiscovered  between  them ;  charged 
thein  to  be  careful  of  themselves,  and  of  hurting 
their  firiends,  and  to  fire  at  any  that  should  come  si- 
lently through  the  swamp.  But  fit]  being  somewhat 
farther  through  the  swamp  than  he  was  aware  of,  he 
wanted  men  to  make  up  his  ambuscade. 

Having  placed  what  men  he  had,  he  took  Major 
Sanford  by  the  hand,  [and]  said,  "  Sir  I  have  so  pla- 
ced them  that  it  is  scarce  possible  Philip  should 
escape  them."  The  same  moment  a  shot  whistled 
I  [thj»t  he  should  have]        9  [they]        8  (that]  ^  ' 


PHUJra  WAR. 


113 


over  their  hoadsy  and  then  the^noise  of  a  gun  towards 
Phil^n'i  camp.  .  CafKoin  Church,  at  fitat,  thought 
[that J  it  might  be  lome  ffun  fired  by  accident  $  but 
before  he  could  speak,  a  whole  volley  followed,  whieh 
was  earlier  than  he  expected.  One  of  PhilipV  gang 
^  going  forth  to  ease  himself,  when  he  had  done,  look- 
ed round  himi  and  Captain  Golding  thought  [that] 
the  Indian  looked  right  at  him,  (though  prolj^uly  it 
was  but  his  conceit)  so  fired  at  him ;  and  upon  his 
firing,  the  whole  company  that  were  with  him  fired 
upon  the  enemy's  shelter,  before  the  Indians  hieul 
time  to- rise  from  their  sleep,  and  so  over  shot  them. 
But  their  shelter  was  open  on  that  side  next  the 
swamp,  built  so  on  purpose  for  the  convenience  c^ 
flight  on  occasion.  They  were  soon  in  the  swamp, 
and  Philip  the  foreinost,  who  starting  at  the  first  gun^ 
threw  his  petunk  and  powderhorn  over  his  head, 
catched  up  his  gu!J,  and  ran  as  fast  as  he  could 
scamper,  without  any  more  clothes  than  his  small 
breenlies  and  stockings ;  and  ran  directly  on  two  of 
Captain  Church's  a*iibush.  They  let  him  come  fair 
within  shot»  and  tl.e  Englishman's  gun  missing  fire, 
he  bid  the  Indian  fire  away,  and  he  did  so  to  [the] 
purpose^  sent  one  musket  bullet  through  his  heart, 
and  another  not  above  two  inches  from  it.  He  fell 
upon  his  face  in  the  mud  and  water,  with  his  gun 
under  him.*  .    -^ 

^^  Thus  fell  the  celebrtited  King  Philip,  the  implacable 
€1lemy  of  civilization.  Never,  perhaps,  aid  the  fallof  aiiy 
prince  or  warriour  afibrd  so  much  space  for  solid  reflection. 
Had  the  resources  of  this  hero  been  e^ual  to  those  of  his  ene- 
mies, what  would  have  been  their  fate  ?  This  exterminating 
war  had  not  been  known  to  millions!  How  vast  the  con- 
tvast!  when  this  country  is  viewed  in  its  present  populous 
and  flourishing, state,  extending  over  thonsoinds  of  miles,  and 
the  sound  of  civilization  emanating  from  every  part ;  and 
when  presented  to  the  imagination  in  the  days  of  PhiUp ; 
with  only  here  and  there  a  soutary  dwelling,  surrounded  with 
an  endless  wilderness.    *         *     ' 

Before  Oe  fall  of  Philip,  the  I  idiansfor  sometime  had 
been  loosir<j;  ground,  and  were  considered  as  nearly  subdaedi 


184 


PHIUP«  WAB. 


By  this  lime  the  enemy  perceived  [that]  they  were 
wayi«id  on  the  east  tide  6f  the  iwamp,  [and]  tacked 
short  about.  One  of  die  enemy,  who  seemed  to  be 
a  great,  surly  old  fellgw:  hallooed  with  a  loud  voice, 
and  often  called  out,  "  looiash,  looiaah,***  Captain 
Church  called  to  his  Indian,  Peter,  and  asked  him, 
who  that  was  that  called  so^  He  answered,  that  it 
was  old  Annawon,f  Philip's  great  Captain ;  callinji; 

■■     '  ■■III!  —  ^M     <■ ■■■■■■llMl  ■■^W^—     I  .■■■■I,...!        M,||» ■I.lll  l..l.«.      I.l,l    ,     ,||.».,« 

but  this  event  clearly  decided  their  fate;  doubts  were  no 
longer  entertained  of  their  appearing  formidable.  Te  thiA 
meiQorable  and  important  event,  we  are  able  to  fix  the  date, 
with  that  certainty,  nvhich  adda  Itislre  to  the  pages  of  hist^ 
ry.  Other  historians  ag^ree  that  it  was  on  the  13  August, 
and  this  history  clearly  indicates  that  it  was  on  the  morning 
of  a  certain  day,  which,  therefore,  falls  on  Satui'day  morning, 
la  August,  1676.  Mr.  Hubbard,  Nar.  226,  says,  "  WitK 
Philip  at  tiiis  time  fell  five  of  his  trustiest  followers."  T*o 
know  their  names  would  be  a  relief.  >^, .,  y^^  ^. 

*  This  is  evidcntlya  word  of  three  syllables,  and  is  very  easy 
to  pronounce.  It  should  be  thus  divided,  l-oo-taak ;  giving  the 
second  syllable  the  same  sound  that  oo  has  in  mooter  nw$d^ 
&c.  VVliy  Dr.  Morse  should  alter  this  word  to  Tootash,  I 
cannot  account.  It  is  certainly  an  unwarrantable  deviation 
and  should  not  be  countenanced.  ^  See  Annals  of  the  Ameri- 
can Revolution,  58,  and  the  edition  of  1830  of  his  Hist.  N. 
England. 

t  This  word  also,  the  author  of  the  Annals  of  the  Amen-* 
can  Revolution  has  thought  proper  to  alter  to  Anawon  ;  this, 
however,  is  less  important  than  that  mentioned  in  the  last 
note,  but  should  not  be  warranted.  Some  contend  that  its 
termination  should  be  written  toon,  as  being  more  agreeable 
to  analogy.  I  cannot  think Ihat  k  is;  because  the  author, 
without  aoubt,  intended  by  the  termination  won,  to  convey 
the  sound  of  uwm,  and  not  laat  heard  in  msan. 
-  What  is  preserved  of  this  warriour  is  found  in  this  history. 
His  principal. can^. was  in  Squannaconk  swamp,  in  Reho- 
both,  where  he  was  taken  by  Church,  as-  will  presently  be 
seen.  In  a  preceding  page,  Tyasks  was  called  the  next  man 
to  Philip  ;  but,  that  Annawon  stood  in  that  place,  is  evident 
from  his  being  possessed  of  that  chief's  royalties  aiter  he  waS 
IdMled.  Mr.  Hubbaird  says  that  a  son  of  Philip's  chief  Captain 
was  killed  ndi«i  Philip  was.  But  as  it  is  not  possible  for  me 
to  ascertain  with  certainty  who  he  means  by  Philip's  chief 
Gaptun,  we  cannot  tell  Whether  he  Were  a  son  of  Annawon 
INT  not ;  bvA  it  appearb  quite  probable  to  me  that  he  was. 


1 


PHILIPS  WAR. 


cm  his  loldieri  to  stand  td  it,  and  fisht  stoutly.  Now 
the  enemy  finding  that  place  of  me  swamp  which 
was  not  ambushed,  many  of  them  made  their  escape 
in  the  English  tracks. 

The  man  that  had  shot  down  Philip,  ran  with  all 
speed  to  Captain  Church,  and  informed  him  of  his 
exploit,  who  commanded  him  to  be  silent  about  it 
and  let  no  man  more  know  it,  until  they  had  driven 
the  swamp  clean.  But  when  they  had  driven  the 
swamp  tl^irQugh,  and  found  [thati  the  enemy  had 
escaped,  or  at  least,  the  most  of  tnem,  and  the  sun 
now  up,  and  so  the  dew  gone,  that  they  could  not- 
easily  track  them,  the  whole  company  met  together 
at  the  place  where  the  enemy^s  night. shelter  wasy 
and  then  Captain  Church  gave  them  the  news  of 
Philip 'S  death.  Upon  which  the  whole  army  gave 
three  loud  huzzas.  .,^, 

Captain  Church  ordered  his  body  to  be  pulled  out 
of  the  mire  to  the  upland.  So  some  of  Captain 
Church's  Indians  took  hold  of  him  by  his  stockings, 
and  some  by  his  small  breeches,  (being  otherwise 
naked)  and  drew-  him  through  the  m  ad .  to  the  upr; 
land;  and  a  doleful,  great,  naked,  dirty  beast  be 
looked  like.*  Captain  Church  then  said,  that  foraiH> 
much  as  he  had  caused  many  an  Englishman's  bodjr 
to  be  unburied,  and  to  rot  above  ground,  that  nbi 
one  of  his  bones  should  be  l^uried.  And  eaUihg  hij» 
old  Indian  executioner,  bid  him  behead  and  quarter 
him.  Accordingly  he  came  with  his  hatchet  and 
stood  over  him,  bQt  before  he  struck  he  made  a  small 
speech  directing  it  to  Phinp,  [which  was,  that]*  "h^ 
had  been  a  very  great  man,  and  had  made  many  a 
man  afraid  of  him,  but  so  big  as  he  was,  he  would  now 

1  [and  said] 


^M^»— >iaftii— JM*»ifc^  Mill        ■!—     II        11^— .^l—BM     I        ■  II     —■■-■■  I  ■■—■■■ I  «*■  —■ ^  ■       ■■■■!■  MWIIW^        ■*■■    " 

*  How  natural  is  the  propensity  of  man,  to  exult  in  the  fall 
of  fais  enemy!  However  great  or  brave,  if  the  great  disposer 
of  events  rettders  him  unprofitably  so,  no  allowance  is  mado 
in  the  dav  of  victory,  though  the  honour  of  the  conqueror  is 
measured  by  that  of  his  foe.  ^ 

.11*      ..-.:.  v./ 


M 


.^      '•: 


'      t. 


iU 


PHIIilPS  WAR 


chop  his  arse  for  him.*'*  And  so  he  went 'lo  moiiK 
and  dsd  as  he- was  ordered.f  tv 

Philip  having  one  very  remarkable  hand,'  beiilljg 
much  scarred,  occasioned  by  the  splitting  of  a  ^jlif- 
tol  in  it  formerly,  Captain  Church  gave  the  head 
and  that  hand  to  Alderman,}  the  Indian  who  shot 
hini)  to  show  to  such  genUemen  as  would  bestow  gra- 
tuities iipon  him;  and  accordingly  he  got  many  a 
penny  by  it. 

This  being  on  the  last  day  of  the  week,  the  Cap- 
tain with  his  company,  returned  to  the  island,  rand] 
tarried  there  until  Tuesday  ;§  and  then  went  off  attd 
ranged  through  all  the  woods  to  Plymouth,  and  re- 
ceived their  premium,  which  was  thirty  shillings  per 
headi  for  the  enemies  which  they  had  killed  or  taken, 
instead  of  all  wages ;  and  Philip's  head  went  at  the 
same  price.  Methinks  it  is  scanty  reward,  and  poor 
encouragement ;  though  it  was  better  than  [itp  had 

i[what] 

*  Dr.  Morse  in  copying  from  this  history,  quotes  the  above 
speech  thus;  "You  have' been  one  very  great  man.  You 
have  made  many  a  man  afraid  of  you.  But  so  big  as  you  be, 
t  will  chop  you  m  pieces."  By  bw  liberties  with  authors,  we 
might  talce  him  for,  the  Cotton  Mather  of  the  age.  -  I{ow- 
ever,  we  are  wilhng  to  excuse  him  ixi^  this  instance^  on  the 
score  of  chastity. 

t  Being  quartered  he  was  hanged  up,  and  his  head  carried 
in  triumph  to  Plymouth.  MaKnalia,  II,  498,  499.  "  Thftt 
very  hignt  [previous  to  his  death]  Philip  had  been  dreaming 
that  he  was  fallen  into  tbe  hands  of  the  English ;  and  now 
just  as  he  was  telling  his  dream,  with  advice  unto  his  friends 
to  fly  for  their  lives, lest  the  knave  who  had  newly  gone  from 
them  should  show  the  English  how  to  come  at  them.  Captain 
Church,  Mrith  his  company,  fell  in  upon  them."  Ibid.  Per- 
haps this  story  deserves  as  mi»sh  credit  as  that  on  page  30^ 
note  1.  Mr.  Hubbard,  no  doubt  beard  this  part  of  the  story, 
but  perhaps  not  having  as  much  fkith  in  dreams  as  the  au- 
thor of  the  Magnalia,  thought  proper  to  omit  it.  -  ^  % 

iThis  was  the  same  Indian,  whose  brother  was  killed, 
a^d  who  ififormed  the  English  where  to  find  Philip.  Tnun- 
bnll.  Hist.  Con.  I,  8^. 

$  August  16;  -^^f'     ■  _^   _  •'  -■  'mf^y 


'i  tV: 


.  .t 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


m 

i^^ettUcme  time  before.  For  this  march  they  relief  t« 
edftmr  sMUinga  and  sixpence  a  man,  Which  was  all 
the  reward  they  had,  except  the  honour  of  kininj; 
Pirilip.    This  was  in  the  latter  end*  of  August,  1 676. 

Captain  Church  had  beeh  but  a  little  while  at  Ply- 
mouth, before  a  poidt  from  Rehoboth  came  to  infoml 
the'Goveniour,  thttt  old  Annawon,  Philip's  'chief  Cap- 
tain, was  with  his  company .  ranging  about  thdr 
woods,  and  was  very  offensive  and  pernicious  to  Re- 
hoboth and  Swanze^.  Captain  Church  was  imme- 
diately sent  for  agftm,  and  treated  with  to  enaa^  in 
one  expedition  more.  He  told  them,  [thatl  moir  en- 
couragement was  so  poor,  he  feared  jjthatt  his  Sol- 
diers would  be  dull  nbont  gbing  agam.  But  beini 
a  hearty  friend  to  the  caus^,  he  ralues  again,  soes  to 
Mr.  Jabez  Howland^  his  old  Lieutenant,  and  sotvi^ 
of  his  soldiers  that  used  to  go  out  with  him;  totd 
th^m  how  l3ie  cftse  was  circumstanced,  aiid  thaf'he 
bad  intielligence  of  old  AnnaWon's  walk  and  haunt, 
ahd  wanted  hands  to  hunt  him.  They  did  not  #IUit 
much  entreating,  but  told  him,  [that]  they  would  go 
with  him  as  long  as  there  was  an  Indian  left  in  the 
woods.  He  moted  and  ranged  through  thie  t^bbdk 
to  I^asset. 

it  b^ing  the  latter  end  of  the  Week,  he  proposed 
tb  go  on  to  Rhodeisland,  and  rest  until  Monday; 
but  on  the  Lord's  day  mornihg,f  there  came  a  post 
to  in^tiii  the  Captain,  that  early  the  soiiie  morning, 
a  canoe  with  several  Indians  in  it,  passed  from  Pru- 
dciice.  island!  to  Poppasquash^  neck.  Captam 
GkKurckk  thought  if  he  could  possibly  surprise  them, 

;_*,4 .  ' ' '■ ''     ■■  ■    "     '   '•■'■ 

.  !*  The  rea«>R  of. this  aniMBbrofiism  is  explained  kt.  aote  I 
on  page  94*1^ 'i>t  ^. .  ;^-4.-t<f>.  rrn>^-f4  ^s 

t  August  30. 

{A  long  and  crooked  Island  on  the  west  side  ofRh€«!e- 
island,  extending  from  ni^ar  the  centre  of  Rhodeisland  tp 
Warwick  neck,  in  length  aboat  6  miles.  ^ 

n  rOrt  the  west  side  ctf  irfstol^  ■^^-^^.-^^^^■m^  j 
Aid  separated  from  it  by  Bristol  hav.^^^*^^'»<l^«^^^** 


bay. 


PHIUP*8  WAR. 

[thtt]  he  might  probably  gain  some  intolliffeiioe  of 
more  aame;  therefore  he  made  all  poisible  ipeed 
after  mom.  The  ferry  boat  beinff  out  of  the  way, 
he  made  use  of  canoes.  But  by  that  time  they  had 
made  two  freights,  and  had  ^ot  over  about  fifteen  or 
sixteen  of  his  Indians,  the  wmd  sprung  up  with  such 
violence  that  canoes  could  no  more  pass.^  The 
Cftptain  seeing  it  was  impossiblo  for  any  more  of  liis 
soldiers  to  como  to  him,  ho  told  his  Indians,  [that] 
if  they  wore  willing  to  so  with  him,  he  would  go  to 
Poppasquash,  and  see  it  they  could  catch  some  of 
the  enemy. Indians.  Thev  were  willing  to  so,  but 
were  sorry  [that]  they  bad  no  Enfflish  BoTdiers.f 
So  they  marched  through  the  thickets  that  they 
might  not^  be  discovered,  until  they  came  unto  the 
salt  meadow,  to  the  northward  of  Bristol  town,  that 
BOW  is,  [when]^  they  heard  a  gun;  the  Captain 
looked  about,  not  knowing  but  it  mi£[ht  be  some  of 
his  own  company  in  the  rear.  So  haltmg  till  they  all 
came  up,  he  found  [that]  it  was  none  of  hit  own 
company  that  fired. 

'  Now,  though  he  had  but  a  few  men,  [he]  w^u 
minded  to  send  some  of  them  out  on  a  scout.  $4^ 
moved  it  to  Captain  Lightfoot  to  go  with  threfi 
[others]  '  on  a  scout ;  he  said  [that]  he  was  willing) 
provided  the  Captain's  man,  Nathaniel  (which  was 
an  Indian  they  had  lately  taken)  might  begone  of 
them,  because  he  was  well  acquainted  with  the 
i[then]  8  [more] 

*  This  event  wm  but  a  few  days  more  than  one  hundred 

Siars  before  the  celebrated  passage  of  Wathinf^on  over  the 
elawareto  attack  the  He!i8!an8  at  Trenton,  which  has  been 
so  beautifVilly  described  by  Barlow.  See  his  Golumbiad,  B. 
vi.  line  91  to  914.  Perhaps  this  expedition  of  the  heroick 
Church,  in  the  small  days  of  Newengland  was  of  as  much 
consequence  as  greater  ones  were  a  centur^r  after,  It  is  not 
impossible,  but  that  another  Barlow  may  arise  and  sing  nver 
tile  events  of  these  days  of  yore.    A  vast  theme  for  a  po«t  t 

t  They  had  one  or  more  EnKlishmen  in  the  company  it 
win  appsar  presently. 


PHILIP^S  WAR. 


m 


iMek;  md  coming  lately  firom  among  them*  know 
how  to  call  them. 

"ThdCi^ptain  bid  him  choose  hii  three  companionii 
and  go ;  and  if  they  came  acroii  on]^  of  the  enemy» 
not  to  kill  them  if  they  oould  Doisibly  take  them 
aKire,  that  they  misht  £[ain  intelligence  concerning 
AnnlEnvon.  Iiie  Captam  with  the  rest  of  his  com- 
pfdhy  moved  but  a  little  way  further  toward  Poppa- 
sduash,  before  they  heard  another  gun,  which  seem^ 
ea  to  be  the  same  way  with  theothelr,.but  further  ofl'; 
but  lAiey  mad^  no  halt  until  they  oame  unto  the  nar- 
row of  Poppasquash  neck;  where  Captain  Churcli 
left  three  men  more  to  waitch,  ^[and  see]  if  any  should 
u  >me  out  of  the  neck«  and  to  inform  the  scout,  when 
they  returned,  which  way  he  was  gone. 

He  parted  the  remainder  of  his  company,  half  on 
one  side  of  the  neck,  and  the  other  with  himself  went 
on  the  other  side,  [ — ^  ^  until  they  met ;  and  meeting 
neither  with  Indians  nor  canoes,  roturncsl  big  with  ex- 
pectations of  tidings  by  their  f^out.  But  when  they 
came  back  to  the  three  men  at  4he  narrow  of  the 
nock,  they  told  their  Captain  [that]  the  scout,  [had]" 
not  returned,  [and]  had  hearil  nor  seen  any  thmg  of 
them.  This  filled  them  with  thoughts  of  what  should 
become  of  thCm.  By  that  time  they  had  sat  and 
waited  an  hour  longer,  it  was" very  dark,  and  they 
despaired  of  their  returning  to  them. 

Some  of  the  Indians  told  thdr  Captain,  [that] 
they  feared  his  new  man,  Nathaniel,  had  met  with  his 
old  Mounthope  firiends,  and  [ — ^]'  turned  rosue. 
They  concluded  to  make  no  fires  that  night,  (and 
indeed  they  had  my  great  need  of  any)  for  they  had 
no  victuals  to  cook,  [ — ]  ^  not  so  much  as  a  morsel 
of  bread  with  them.    ^,v  ,^  *  ^       ; 

TkMT  tbokgip  their  Ibaginjgs  scattering,  ^ki  if  pos- 

^bly  ikeir  scout  should  come  in  the  night,  and  whis- 

tie,  (which  was  their  «ign)  some  or  other  el*  then 

might  'hear  them.    Th^  had  a  very  sotitary,  h«n- 

>  [of  the  neck]       9  [wis]        9  [was]         *  [badil 


m 


-V: 


1^ 


PHILIF8  Wim. 


gtr  night;  indasioon  a3  the  day  broke,*  th$ydnm 
on  through  the  brush  to  a  hill  without  1;he  necs]^^ 
And  looking  about  them  they  espied  one  Indian^man 
come  running  somewhat  towards  them.  The  Cap- 
tain ordered  one  man  to  step  out  and  show  himself. 
Upon  this  the  Indian  ran  right  to  him,  and  who 
should  it  be  but  Captain  Lightfoot,  to  their  great 
joy.  Captain  Church  asked  him  what  news?  He 
answered,  **Good  news;"  [that]  they  wore  all 
well,  and  had  catched  ten  Indians;  -juid  that  they 
guarded  them  all  night  in  one  of  the  flankers  of  the 
old  English  garrison  ;f  that  their  prisoners  were 
part  of  Annawon's  company,  and  that  they  had  left 
their  families  in  a  swamp  above  Mattapoiset  neck.]; 
And  as  they  were  marching  towards  the  old  garrison, 
Lightfoot  gave  Captain  Church  a  particular  account 
of  their  exploit,  viz. ;  that  presently  after  they  left 
him,  they  heard  another  gun,  which  seemed  toward 
the  Indian  burying  place ;  and  moving  'that  way, 
they  discovered  two  of  the  enemy  flaying  of  a  horse. 
The  scout  clapping  into  the  brush,  Nathaniel  bid 
them  sit  down,  and  he  would  presently  call  all  the 
Indians  thereabout  unto  him.  They  hid,  and  he 
went  a  little  distance  back  from  them^  and  set  up  his 
note  and  howled  like  a  wolf.  One  of  the  two  im> 
mediately  left  his  horse,  and  came  running  to  see 
who  was  there;  but  Nathaniel  howling  lower  and 
lower,  drew  him  in  between  those  that  lay  in  wait 
for  him,  who  seized  him.  Nathaniel  continuing  the 
game  note,  the  other  left  the  horse  also,  following  his 
mate,  and  met  with  the  same.  When  they  caught 
these  two,  they  examined  them  apart  and  found  them 

*  Monday  August  28.  -> 

t  This  was  the  fort  that  was  built  in  June,  1675,  wbieh 
Church  so  much  disapproved  of.  See  page  S5.  It  was  pr<>- 
ba^bly  of  more  service  now  than  it  had  ever  been  before*  if 
We  judge  from  any  account  since  given.  V 

I  (In  Swanxey.    There  is  another  Mattapoiset  in  BpcJi- 


»j* 


PHILIPS  WAE. 

to  ame  in  their  itorv ;  that  there  were  eisht  more 
of  tEem  [who  camey  down  into  the  neck  to  set 
provisioni,  and  had  agreed  to  meet  at  the  burymg 
place  that  evening.  These  two  being  some  of  Na- 
thaniel's old  acquaintance,  he  had  great  influence 
upon  them,  and  with  his  enticing  story,  (tellinff  what 
a  brave  captain  he  had,  how  bravely  he  lived  since 
he  had  been  with  him,  and  how  much  they  might 
better  their  condition  by  turning  to  him,  dtc.,)  per- 
suaded and  engaged  them  to  be  on  his  side,  which, 
indeed,  now  began  to  be  the  better  side  of  the  hedge. 
They  waited  but  a  little  while  before  they  espied  the 
rest  of  theirs  coming  up  to  the  burying  place,  and 
Nathaniel  soon  howled  them  in>  as  he  had  done  their 
mates  before. 

-When  Captain  Church  came  to  the  garrison,  he 
met  bis  Lieutenant,^  and  the  rest  of  his  company. 
And  then  making  up  good  fires  they  fell  to  roasting 
their  horse  bee^^  enough  to  last  them  a  whole  day, 
but  had  not  a  morsel  of  bread,  though  salt  they  had, 
(which  they  always  carried  in  their  pockets,  [and] 
which  at  this  time  was  very  acceptable  to  them.) 

Their  next  motion  was  towards  the  place  where 
the  prisoners  told  them  [that]  they  had  left  their 
women  and  children,  ana  surprised  them  all ;  and 
Mome  others  that  [had]'  newly  come  to  them.  And 
upon  examination  they  held  to  one  story,  that  it  was 
hard  to  tell  whereto  find  Annawon,  for  he  never 
roosted  twice  in  a  place. 

Now  a  certain  Indian  soldier,  that  Captain  Church 
had  gained  over  to  be  on  his  side,  prayed  that  he 
might  iiave  liberty  to  go  and  fetch  in  his  father,  who, 
he  said,  was  about  four  miles  from  that  place,  in  a 
«wamp,  with  no  other  than  a  young  squaw.  Captain 
Church  inclined  to  go  with  him,  thinking  [that]  il 
might  be  in  his  way  to  g&in  some  intelligence  of 
Annawon ;  and  so  taking  one  Englishman  and  a  few 
»  [come]  »  [w(prc] 


*  Mr.  Jabez  Rowland. 


:.^^  ■'  •.i;'- 


I  \ 


U  ■ 


\ 


I: 


i.. 


fHILIP^  WAR. 

IncUaaB  with  him,  ItoTing  the  rest  there,  he  Went 
with  his  new  soldier  to  lo^  [a^r]  his  father. 

When  he  came  to  the  swamfi,  he  bid  the  Indlain 
go  [imdy  se^  if  he  could  find  his  father.  He  ^fr^s 
no  sooner  gone,  but  Captain  Church  discovered' ^a 
track  coming  down  out  of  the  woods;  upon  whieh 
he  and  his  little  company  lay  close,  some  on  one 
side  of  the  track,  and  some  on  the  other,  /th^y 
heard  the  Indian  seedier  making  a  howling  for  his 
father,  aiid  at  length  somebody  answered  him;  but 
wlule  they  were  listening,  they  thought  [that]  they 
heard  somebody  coming  towards  them;  presently 
[they]  saw  tni  old  man  coming  up  with  a  gun  on  his 
shoulder,  and  a  young  woman  following  in  the  track 
which  they  lay  by.  They  let  them  come  up  between 
them,  dnd  then  started  up  and  laid  hold  of  them 
both*  Captain  Church  immediately  examined  theni 
apurt,  telling  them  what  they  must  trust  to,  if  they 
tola  false  stories.  He  asked  the  young  woman,  what 
company  they  came  from  last  9  Bhe  said,  '*  From 
Captain  Annawon's.*'  He  asked  her  how  many  w^(c 
in  company  with  him  when  she  left  him  ^  Shef  said, 
**  Fifty  or  sixty.*-  He  asked  her  how  many  mil^s  it 
was  to  the  place  where  she  left  him*?  She  said,  [that] 
she  did  not  understand  teilesj  but  he  was  up  in 
Squcmnaconk  swamp.^ 

\f  The  old  mani  who  had  been  one  of  Philip'^  couit^ 
cil^  .upon  examination,  gave  exactly  the  same  ac^ 
count.  Captain  Church  asked  him  if  they  could  get 
there  that  night  9  He  said,  [that]  if  they  went  pre- 
sently, and  travelled  stoutly,  they  might  get  there 
by  sunset.  He  asked  whither  he  was  going  *?  H« 
answered,  that  Annawon  had  sent  him  down  to  look 

tfi»r]_iome  Indians,  that  were  gone  down  into  Mounts 
lOpe  neck  to  kill  provisions.    Captain  Chureh  let 
him  know  that  those  Indians  were  all  his  prisoners. 


[to] 


[but} 


(8oatheasterIy  part  of  Rehobokh) 


!?'• 


■V  ,V- 


.%    ..    . 


hif 


\.  '■■  :  :>->. 


PHILIP»S  WAR.    * 


,133 


.  By  this  time  came  the  Indian  soldier  and  brought 
his  father  and  one  Indian  more.  The  Cfq>tain  was 
now  in  a  great  strait  of  mind  what  to  do  next ;  he 
had  a  mind  to  give  Annawon  a  visit,  now  he  knew 
where  to  find  him.  But  his  company  was  very  small, 
[only]^  half  a  dozeix  men  beside  himself,  and  was 
under  a  necessity  to  send  some  body  back  to  acquaint 
his  Lieutenant  and  Company  with  his  proceedings. 
However,  he  asked  his  small  company  that  were  with 
him,  whether  they  would  willingly  go  with  him  and 
give  Annawon  a  visit  9  They  told  him,  [that]  they 
were  always  ready  to  obey  his  commands,  &c. ;  but 
withal  told  him,  that  they  knew  this  Captain  Anna- 
won  was  a  great  soldier ;  that  he  had  been  a  valiant 
Captain  under  As«hmequin,*  Philip's  father;  ai^d 

i[but] 

•  Morton,  122,  calls  him  Woosamequen.    This  was  the 
last  name  by  whiteh  the  '*  good  old  Massassoit"  was  known. 
This  name  heikook  about  the  time  of  the  Pequot  war  as  was 
mentioned  in  note  1,  on  page  17.     Allen  in  his  Biographical 
Dictionary,  has  given  a  short  sketch  of  him,  which  is  very 
deficient.     Not  even  informing  us  that  he  was  ever  kntFWn 
by  any  other  name  than  Massassoit.  This  celebrated  chief  en- 
tered into  a  league  of  friendship  with  the  Plymouth  Pilgrims, 
the  next  spring  after  their  arrival,  which  was  kept  until  his 
death.     Some  of  the  other  tribes  insultingly  told  him,  that 
through  his  cowardice   he  had  treated  with  the  Englidi. 
However  this  might  be,  he  is  said  alwgiys  to  hav«  advised  his 
sons  against  engaging  in  a  war  with  them,  for  he  believed 
that  in  time  the  Indians  would  be  annihilated.    He  was  re- 
markable for  his  aversion  to  the  English  religion.    Hutchin- 
son, I,  353,  says  that  "  when  he  was  treating  for  the  sale  of 
some  of  his  lands  at  Swanzey,  insisted  upon  it  as  a  condition, 
that  the  English  should  never  attempt  to  draw  off  any  of  his 
people  from  their  religion  to  Christianity,  and  would  not  re- 
cede until  he  found  tne  treaty  would  break  off  if  he  ui^€d 
it  anv  further."    He  was  personfall^  several  times  at  Plr- 
moutR.     On  his  first  arrivaj  there,  in  MLrch,  1630-31,  he 
made  his  appearance  on  the  hill,  the  south  side  of  Town  brook, 
with  several  of  his  principal  men  with  him.     Here  he  made  a 
stop  and  Mr.  Edward  Winslow  was  sent  to  him  with  a  pre- 
sent, and  the  Governour's  (Carver)  compliments  that  he  de- 
sired to  see  him,  and  treat  with  him.    He  left  Mr.  Winslow 

12 

■.  '■■■'■:-.  "  , ,-      :  \\  '       ,         7'.    ,--■:-     -.  -  '■  .■ 


134 


PHILIP»S  WAR. 


,\ 


1 1 


K 


that  he  had  been  Philip's  chieftain  all  this  war.  A  very 
lubtle  man,  of  great  resolution,  and  had  often  said, 
that  he  would  never  be  taken  alive  by  the  English. 

M  a  hostage  with  his  men,  and  with  about  twentjr.of  his  sol- 
diers went  down  to  the  brook,  where  Captain  Standish  met 
him  with  a  file  of  six  men,  and  conducted  him  to  a  new 
house.  A  green  rug  was  iqpread  over  the  floor^  and  three  or 
four  cushions  laid  upon  it.  The  Governour  then  came,  pre- 
ceded by  a  drum  and  trumpet,  at  the  sound  of  which  tney 
appeared  much  delighted.  After  Some  introduction^  the 
above  mentioned  league  op  treaty  was  entered  upon  and  con- 
cluded as  follows: 

Artnele  I.  That  neither  he,  nor  any  of  his,  should  ii^jure 
or  do  hurt  to  atiy  of  their  people.  Art.  II.  That  if  any  of  his 
did  any  hurt  to  any  of  theirs,  he  should  send  the  offender 
that  thev  might  punish  him.  Art  III.  That  if  any  thing 
were  tsAen  away  from  any  of  theirs^the  should  cause  it  to  be 
restored  ^  and  thev  should  do  the  like  to  his.  Art.  IV.  That 
if  anv  did  unjustly  war  against  him,  they  would  aid  him; 
-.and  if  any  did  war  against  them,  he  should  aid  them.  Art.  V. 
That  he  should  send  to  his  neighbour  confederates,  to  inform 
them  of  this,  that  tbey  might  not  wrong  tfaej^i,  but  mi^t  be 
likewise  comprised  in  these  conditions  of  peace.  Art.  Vl. 
That  when  his  men  came  ta  them  upon  any  occasion,  thev 
.iriiould  leave  their  arms  (which  were  then  bows  and  arrows) 
behind  them.  j9r(.  VII.  Lastly,  that  so  doinc,  their  sove- 
reign Lord,  King  JaiUes  would  esteem  him  as  his  friend  and 
any. 

Two  years  after  (in  1638)  Massassdit  fell  Nck,  and  Mr. 
Winsbw  went  to  visit  him.  He  found  the  house  crowded 
with  men  who  were  using  their  rude  exertions  to  restore  him 
to  health.  Being  informed  that  his  friends  were  come  to  see 
him,  h'3  desired  to  speak  with  them.  (He  was  very  sick  and 
kiis  sight  had  left  liim.)  When  Mr.  Winslow  went  to  him 
he  took  him  by  the  hand  and  faintly  said,  "  Keen  Wins- 
now?"  That  is,  "  Art  thou  Winslow?"  Being  informed  that 
he  was,  he  then  said,  ^*  Matta  neen  wonchmet  natnen  WirU' 
flMn0  /"  That  is,  ^O  Winslow  I  shall  never  see  thee  again !"  He 
had  not  t%ken  any  thing  for  two  days,  but  Mr.  Winslow  save 
vhim  something  that  he  had  prepared  which  he  was  able  to 
swallow,  and  he  immediately  grew  better,  and  soon  entirelv 
recovered.  In  1639,  this  Indi)<^n  King  was  at  Plymouth  with 
Mooanam  or  Wamsutta,  his  son,  then  or  afterwards  named 
Alexander,  and  renewed  the  former  league.  The  precise 
time  of  his  death  is  unknown.  But  froui  Hubbard,  59,  it  ap- 
P^IMTsthat  it  was  about  1656.  Morton,  36iand  193.  Hutch- 
iQSpn,  I,  353,  353.      Belknap,    Amer.    Biog.   I,  913,  991 


%■ 


PHIUP'S  WAR. 


196 


Avery 
n  said, 
Inglish. 

fhissol- 
Ush  met 
0  a  new 
three  or 
me,  pre- 
ich  tney 
ion>  the 
md  con- 

d  injure 
nyofhis 
offender 
y  thing 
ut  to  be 
V.  That 
id  him: 

i  inform 
night  be 
Art  VI. 
>n,  thev 
arrows) 
ir  sove- 
end  and 

ind  Mr. 
crowded 
tore  him 
le  to  see 
sick  and 

to  him 
I  Wins- 
led  that 

Wtm- 
n!»  He 
►w  gave 
able  to 
'ntirely 
th  with 
named 
precise 

kntch- 
3,  391. 


And  moreover  they  knew  that  the  men  that  were 
with  him  were  resolute  fellows,  some  of  Philips 
chief  soldiers ;  and  therefore,  feared  whether  it  was 
practicable  to  make  an  attempt  upon  him  with  so 
small  a  handful  of  assailants  as  were  now  with  him. 
Told  him  further,  that  it  would  be  a  pity,  [ — y  after 
all  the  great  tilings  he  had  done,  [that]  he  should 
throw  away  his  life  at  last.  Upon  which  he  replied, 
that  he  doubted  not  Annawon  was  a  subtle  and  val- 
iant man ;  that  he  had  a  long  time,  but  in  vain,  sought 
for  him,  and  never  till  now  could  find  his  quarters, 
and  he  was  very  loath  to  miss  of  the  opportunity; 
and  doubted  not,  [ — Y  ^^**  *^  ^^®y  would  cheerfully 

go  with  him,  the  same  Almighty  Providence  that  had 
itherto  protected  and  befriended  them,  would  do  so 

'  still j  'OLC.->     ■■    -J^^x  Jt  J,r-  .   -fSi^iji 

Upon  this  with  one  consent  tkey  said,  [that]  they 
would  go.  Captain  Church  then  turned  to  one  Cook 
of  Plymouth,  (the  only  Englishman  then  with  him) 
and  asked  him,  what  he  thought  of  it*?  [He]^  repli- 
ed, "  Sir,  I  am  never  afraid  of  going  any  where  when 
you  are  with  me."  Then  Captain  Church  asked  the 
old  Indian,  if  he  could  carry  his  horse  with  him  9 
(For  he  conveyed  a  horse  thus  far  with  himt)  He 
replied  that  it  was  impossible  for  a  horse  to  pass  the 
swamps.  Therefore,  he  sent  away  his  new  Indian 
soldier  with  his  father,  and  the  Captain's  horse,  to 
his  Lieutenant,  and  orders  for  him  to  move  to  Taun- 
ton with  the  prisoners,  to  secure  them  there,  and  lo 
come  out  in  the  morning  in  the  Rehoboth  road,  in 
which  he  might  expect  to  meet  him,  if  he  were  alive 
and  had  success. 

-.-,  The  Captain  then  asked  the  old  fellow  if  he  would 

pilot  him  [to]^  i^innawon  'i  He  answered,  that  he  hav- 

i[that]  9(^but]  3  [who]  4  [unto] 


■^ 


Holmes,  I,  208.  Prince,  185,  &c.  Whether  he  had  more 
than  two  sons  is  uncertain ;  but  it  seems  by  a  letter  to  Lon- 
don, written  during  this  war,  that  there  was  another.  See 
Hutchinson,  I,  366.      '^:'.f^^*^^iMi^}^;.i^mf^^ 


136 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


ing  given  him  his  life,  he  was  obliged  to  serve  hint. 
He  bid  him  move  on  then,  and  they  followed.  The 
old  man  would  out  travel  them  so  f&r  sometimes, 
that  they  were  almost  out  of  sight ;  [and]  lookinff 
over  his  shoulder,  and  seeing  them  behind,  ne  would 
halt. 

Just  as  the  sun  was  setting,  the  old  man  made  a 
full  stop  and  sat  down  ;  the  company  coming  up,  also 
sat  down,  being  all  weary.  Captain  Church  asked, 
"  What  news  9"  He  answered,  that  about  that  time 
in  the  evening.  Captain  Annawon  sent  out  his  scouts 
to  'see  if  the  coast  were  clear,  and  as  soon  as  it  be* 
ffan  to  crow  dark,  the  scouts  returned ;  and  then 
(said  he)  "we  may  move  again  securely."  When  it 
began  to  grow  dark,  the  old  man  stood  up  asain, 
[and]  Captain  Churcn  asked  him  if  he  would  take  a 
gun  and  fight  for  him  9  He  bowed  very  low,  and 
prayed  him  not  to  impose  such  a  thing  upon  him,  as 
to>  fight  against  Captain  Annawon  his  old  friend. 
But  says  he,  "  I  will  go  along  with  you,  and  be  help«^ 
fill  to  ypu,  and  will  lay  hands  on  any  man  that  st\d) 
offer  to  hurt  you."  •  >^*^ 

It  being  now  pretty  dark,  they  moved  close  to- 
gether;— anon  they  heard  a  noise.  The  Captain 
stayed  the  old  man  with  his  hand,  and  asked  his  own 
men  what  noise  they  thought  it  might  be  1  They 
concluded  it  to  be  the  pounding  of  a  mortar.  The 
old  man  had  given  Captain  Church  a  description  of 
the  place*  where  Annawor*  now  lay,  and  of  the  diffi- 

■-I  .  .  .  ■       -.  ■  ■  J      J  I  I       ■  - '  II  ■  .  -         I 

*  This  solitary  retreat  is  in  the  southeasterly  part  of  the 
town  of  Rehoboth,  but  being  near  Tauntoii  line,  some,  in  re- 
lating the  story,  report  it  to  be  in  this  town.  It  is  about  d 
miles  from  Taunton  green,  and  nearly  in  a  direct  line  to 
Providence.  The  northwest  corner  of  Dighton  runs  up  be- 
tween Taunton  and  Rehobotb,  through  which  we  pass  in 
going  from  Taunton  to  Annawon's  rock.  (By  this  name  it 
18  known  throughout  that  part  of  the  country.)  It  is  in  a 
great  swamp,  called  Sauannaconk,  containing  nearlv  8000 
acres,  as  I  was  informea  by  Mr.  A.  Bliss,  the  nearest  inhabi- 
tant to  it.    The  road  passes  round  the  nortbwesterlv  part  ^f 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


SS7 


¥^^- 


culty  of  getting  at  him.  Being  sensible  that  .they 
were  pretty  near  them,  with  two  of  his  Indiana  he 
creeps  to  the  edge  of  the  rocks,  from  whence  he 
could  see  their  camps.  He  saw  three  companies  of 
Indians  at  a  little  distance  from  each  other ;  being 
easy  to  be  discovered  by  the  light  of  their  fires.  He 
saw  also  the  great  ANNAWON  and  his  company, 
who  had  formed  his  camp  or  kenneling  place  by 
falling  a  tree  under  the  side  of  the  great  cliffs  of 
rocks,  and  setting  a  row  of  birch  bushes  up  against 
it ;  where  he  himself,  his  son,  and  some  of  his  chiefs 
had  taken  up  their  lodgings,  and  made  great  fires 
without  them,  and  had  their  pots  and  kettles  boiling, 
and  spits  roasting.  Their  arms  also  h-t  discovered, 
all  set  together,  in  a  place  fitted  for  the  purpose, 
standing  up  an  end  against  a  stick  lodged  in  two 
crotches,  and  a  mat  placed  over  them,  to  keep  them 
from  the  wet  or  dew.  The  old  Annawon's  feet  and 
his  son's  head  were  so  near  the  arms,  as  almost  to 
touch  them.  [ — ]* 

The  rocks  were  so  steep  that  it  was  impossible  to 
get  down,  [only]'  as  they  lowered  themselves  by  the 
1  [but]  2  [but] 

the  swamp,  and  within  6  or  8  rods  of  the  rock.  This  i  n- 
mense  rock  extends  northeast  and  southwest  70  or  80  feet, 
and  to  this  day  the  camp  of  Annawon  is  approached  with 
difficulty.  A  part  of  its  southeast  side  hangs,  over  a  little, 
and  the  other,  on  the  northeast  part,  seems  in  no  very  dis- 
tant period,  to  have  tumbled  down  in  large  clefts.  Its  height 
may  be  30  feet.  It  is  composed  of  sand  and  pebbles.  A  tew 
scattering  maple,  beech,  birch,  &c.,  grow  about  it ;  as  also 
briars  and  water  bushes, '  so  thick  as  almost  to  forbid  ap- 
proach. Formerly,  it  was,  no  doubt,  entirely  surrounded  by 
water,  as  it  is  to  this  time  in  wet  sersons.  The  northwest 
side  of  the  rock  is  easily  ascended,  as  it  gradually  slopes  away 
fiom  its  summit  to  its  base,  and  at  an  angle,  perhaps,  not  ex- 
ceeding 35'^.  Small  bushes  grow  from  the  scams  in  its  steep 
side,  as  in  the  days  of  Church.  Near  the  southwest  extremi- 
ty is  an  opetiing  of  an  angular  form,  in  which,  it  is  said, 
Annawon  and  the  other  chiefs  were  encamped.  This  open" 
ing  now  contains  the  stumjp  of  a  large  tree,  which  must  nave 
grown  since  those  days,  as  it  nearly  fills  it  up. 

12* 


138 


PHILIP'S  WAU. 


boughs,  and  the  bushes  that  grew  in  ihe  cracks  of  thtt 
rocks.  Captain  Church  creeping  back  again  to  the 
old  man,  asked  him,  if  there  wore  no  nosiiibility  of 
getting  at  thorn  some  othor  way ')  lie  answered, 
•*  No.'"  That  he  and  all  that  belonged  to  Annawon, 
were  ordere<l  to  come  tluit  way,  and  none  could  come 
any  other  way  without  ditiiculty,  or  danger  of  being 
nhot. 

Captain  Church  then  ordered  the  oid  man  ond  his 
daughti>r  to  go  down  foremost  with  their  baskets  at 
their  backs,  tnat  when  Aimawon  saw  them  with  their 
baskets  he  should  not  mistrust  the  intrigue.  Captain 
Chiu-ch  imd  his  handful  of  soldiers  crent  down  also, 
under  the  shadow  of  those  two  and  their  baskets. 
The  Captain  himself  crept  close  behind  the  old  man, 
with  his  hntchet  in  his  hand,  and  stepped  over  the 
young  man's  head  to  the  arms.  The  young  Anna- 
won  discovering  of  him,  whipped  his  blanket  over 
his  head,  and  shrunk  up  in  a  heap.  The  old  Cap- 
tain Annawon  started  up  on  his  breech,  and  cried 
out  "Howoli.*'*  And  despairing  of  escape,  threw 
Iiimself  back  again,  and  lay  silent  until  Captain 
Church  had  secured  oil  the  arms,  (&.c.  And  having 
secured  that  company,  he  sent  his  Indian  soldiers  to 
the  otlier  fires  and  companies,  giving  them  instruc- 
ticns,  what  to  do  and  say.  Accordingly  they  went 
into  the  midst  of  them.     When  they  [had]  discover- 

-*This  word  according  to  the  tradition  cf  aged  people, 
signilicd, "  I  am  taken."  Dr.  Morse  has  thought  fit  to  alter 
the  spelling  of  this  word  to  Howah.  It  is  very  evident  that 
the  writer  of  this  history,  intended  in  the  termination  of  this 
wor  1  to  convey  the  sound  of  oA,  and  not  ah.  Were  this  not 
the  case,  it  is  certainly  better  to  give  it  to  posterity  as  we 
^ndit.  Such  alterations,  however  small  and  unimportant 
they  may  seem  to  some  readers,  have  a  very  bad  tendency  ; 
they  tend  to  cause  us  to  doubt  of  the  authenticity  of  any  ac- 
counts that  are  handed  down  to  us.  It  may  be  said  that  an 
alteration  of  this  kind  is  of  no  consequence,  because  it  does 
not  alter  the  sense.  But  it  should  be  recollected  that  the 
authority  is  as  good  for  any  other  alteration  ;  for  to  alter  let* 
ters  is  to  alter  words ;  to  alter  words  is  to  change  the  sense. 


'-•* 


PHILIP'S  WAtl. 


181 


•d  themielvei  [to  the  onemy,  they]'  told  them  thftt^ 
their  Captttih  Annawon  was  taken,  and  [that]  it 
would  be  best  for  them,  quietly  and  peaceably  t«} 
iurrendcr  themitolvofi,  whicn  would  procure  good 
quarter  for  thnm ;  otherwise,  if  they  should  pretend 
to  resist  or  make  their  escape,  it  would  be  m  vaini 
and  they  could  expect  no  other  but  that  Captain 
Church,  with  his  tfreat  nrmy,  who  had  now  entrap- 
ped thorn,  would  cut  them  o  pieces.  Told  them 
also,  [that]  if  they  would  submit  themselves,  and  de- 
liver up  all  their  arms  unto  them,  and  keep  every 
man  in  his  place  until  it  was  day,  they  would  assure 
them  that  their  Captain  Church,  who  had  beeii  lo 
kind  to  themselves  when  they  surrendered  to  him, 
should  bo  as  kind  to  them.  Now  they  beina  old  ac- 
quaintance, and  many  of  them  relations,  did  much 
the  readier  give  heed  to  what  they  said ;  [so]  compli- 
ed, and  surrendered  up  their  arms  unto  them,  both 
their  suns  and  hatchets,  <&c.,  and  were  forthwith 
carried  to  Captain  Church.^ 

Things  being  so  far  settled,  Captain  Church  otked 
Annawon,  **  what  he  had  for  supper  1"  "  for  (said  he) 
I  am  come  to  sup  with  you.'*  **  Taubvtf*^  (said  An- 
nawon) with  a  bfg  voice,  and  looking  about  upon 
his  women,  bid  them  hasten  and  get  Captain  Church 
and  his  company  some  supper.  [He]  then  turned 
to  Captain  Church  and  asked  him  whether  he  would 
eat  cow  beef  or  horse  beef?  The  Captain  told  him 
cow  beef  would  be  most  acceptable.  It  was  soon 
ffot  ready,  and  pulling  his  little  bajg  of  salt  out  of 
his  pocket,  which  was  all  the  provision  he  brouffht 
with  him.  This  seasoned  his  cow  beef.  So  that 
with  it  and  the  dried  green  corn,  which  th«^  old  squaw 
was  pounding  in  the  mortar,  while  they  were  sliding 

1  [who  they  were] 

*  Mr.  Hubbard  differs  considerably  in  hit  reliMtioD  of  tiM 
takins  of  Annawon,  from  our  author,  and  is  rnndb  sborter. 
Nothing  very  important  seems  to  be  omitted  in  this  aecooat, 
excepting  the  date,  and  that  Mr.  Hubbard  omits  also. 


140" 


PHILIP'S  WAII. 


down  the  rocks,  he  ia$de  a  very  hearty  supper.  And 
this  pounding  in  the  mortar,  proved  lucky  for  Cap- 
tain Church's  getting  down  the  rocks ;  for  when  the 
old  squaw  pounded,  they  moved,  and  when  she  ceas- 
ed, to  turn  the  corn,  they  ceased  creeping.  The 
noise  of  the  mortar  prevented  the  enemy's  hearing 
their  creeping,  and  the  corn  being  now  dressed,  sup- 
plied the  want  of  bread,  and  gave  a  fine  relish  with 
^he  cow  beef. 

Supper  being  over.  Captain  Church  sent  two  of 
his  men  to  inform  the  other  companies,  that  he  had 
killed  Philip,  and  taken  their  friends  in  Mounthope 
neck,  but  had  spared  their  lives,  and  that  he  had  sub- 
dued now  all  the  enemy,  (he  supposed)  except  this 
compahy  of  Annawon ;  and  now  if  they  would  be 
orderly  and  keep  their  places  until  morning,  they 
should  have  gooid  quarter,  and  that  he  would  carry 
them  to  Taunton,  where  they  migl^t  see  their  friends 
again,  i&c.    '■■^,  ■..■-:.■:'■   >^^-  .J:>  .....^_v/-    ,..•,., -^.^.;«v,i^:,.^,. 

The  messengers  returned,  [and  informed]  that  the 
Indians  yielded  to  his  proposals. 

Captain  Church  thought  it  was  now  time  for  him 
to  take  a  i|ap,  having  had  no  sleep  in  two  days  and 
one  D'.ght  before.  [So  he]  told  his  men,  that  if  they 
would  let  him  sleep  two  hours,  they  should  sleep  alt 
the  rest  of  the  night.  He  laid  himself  down  and  en- 
deavoured to  sleep,  but  all  disposition  to  sleep  de- 
parted from  him.  ^    ^,j 

After  he  had  lain  a  little  while,  he  looked  lip  to 
see  how  his  watch  managed,  but  found  them  all  fast 
asleep.  Now  Captain  Church  had  told  Captain  An- 
nawon's  company,  as  he  had  ordered  his  Indians  to 
tell  the  others ;  [namely]  that  their  lives  should  all 
be  spared,  excepting  Captain  Annawon's,  and  it  was 
not  in  his  power  to  promise  him  his  life,  but  he  must 
carry  him  to  his  masters  at  Plymouth,  and  be  would 
entreat  them  for  his  life. 

Now  when  Captain  Church  found  not  only  his  own 
men,  but  all  the  Indians  fast  asleep,  Annawon  only 
excepted,  who,  he  perceived  wlis  as  broad  awake  as 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


141 


'&:?■» 


himielf;  and  so  they  lay  looking  one  upon  the  other, 
perhaps  an  hour.  Captain  Churcl  said  nothing  to 
hini)  for  he  could  not  speak  Indian,  and  thought  An- 
nawon  could  not  speak  English. 

At  length  Annawon  rais^  himself  up,  cast  off  his 
blanket,  and  with  no  more  clothes  than  his  small 
breeches,  walked  a  little  way  back  from  the  company. 
Captain  Church  thought  no  other  but  that  he  had  oc- 
casion to  ease  himsel^and  so  walked  to  some  distance 
rather  than  oflfend  them  with  the  stink.  But  by  and 
by  he  was  gone  out  of  sight  and  hearins,  and  then 
Captain  Church  began  to  suspecit  some  ill  design  in 
him ;  and  got  all  the  guns  close  to  him,  and  crowd- 
ed himself  close  under  youns  Annawon;  that  if  he 
should  anywhere  get  a  gun,  be  should  not  make  ia 
shot  at  him,  without  endangering  his  son.  Lying 
very  slil)  awhile,  waiting  for  the  event,  at  length, 
he  heard  somebody  commg  the  same  way  that  An- 
nawon went.  The  moon  now  shining  bright,  he 
saw  him  at  a  distance  coming  with  something  in  hia 
hands,  and  coming  up  to  Captain  CSiurch,  lie  fell 
upon  his  knees  before  him,  and  offered  him  what  he 
had  brought,  aiid  speaking  in  plain  English,  said, 
"  Great  Captain,  you  have  killed  Philip,  and  con- 
quered his  country ;  for  I  believe  that  I  and  m^  poni- 
pany  are  the  last  that  war  against  the  English,  so 
suppose  the  war  is  ended  by  3  -^ur  means ;  and  there- 
fore these  things  belong  unto  you."  Then  opening 
his  pack,  he  pulled  out  Philip's  belt,*  curiously 
wrought  with  wompom,t  being  nine  inches  broad, 

*  This  belt  and  some  other  of  Philip's  ornaments^  ajre  now 
owned  in  a  family  at  Swanzey,  as  I  was  informed  by  an  ia? 
habitant  of  the  puice.  ;  \:     ;U 

t  Wampum,  or  wampom,  called  also  wampampeiis ;  a  kind 
of  m«ne£  m  use  among  the  Indians.^"  It  was  a  kind  of  bead 
made  of  shells  of  the  great  6onch,  mu^es,  &^e.,  and  curiously 
wrought  and  polished,  with  a  hole  -trough  them.  They 
were  of  different  colours,  as  black,  blue,  red,  wh^  and  pup^ 
pie ;  the  last  of  which  were  wrought  by  the  FivenatiODS^ 
Six  of  the  white,  and  three  of  the  black,  or  blue  passed  for^a 
penny.    Trumbull,  Hist.  U.  S.  I,  33.    In  1667  wampom 


'■I 


us 


PHILIP'S  WAR. 


wrought  with  black  and  white  wompom,  in  varioui 
figures,  and  flowers  and  pictures  of  man^  birds  and 
beasts.  This,  when  hanged  upon  Captain  Church's 
shoulders,  reached  his  ancles ;  and  another  i>elt  of 
wompom  he  presented  him  with,  wrought  afler  the 
former  manner,  which  Philip  was  wont  to  put  upon 
his  head.  It  had  two  flags  on  the  back  part, 
which  hung  down  on  his  back,  and  another  small 
belt  with  a  star  upon  the  end  of  it,  which  he  used 
to  hang  on  his  breast,  and  they  were  all  edged  With 
red  hair,  which  Anriawon  said  they  got  in  the  Mo- 
hog's^  country.  Then  he  pulled  out  two  horns  of 
glazed  powder,  and  a  red  cloth  blanket.  He  told 
'aptain  Churbh  [that]  these  were  Philip's  royalties, 
which  he  was  wont  to  adorn  himself  with,  when  he 
sat  in  state ;  that  he  thought  himself  happy  that  he 
had  an  opportunity  to  present  them  to  Captain 
Church,  wlio  had  won  them,  &,c,  [They]  spent  the 
remainder  of  the  night  in  discourse.  And  [Captain 
Annawon]  gave  an  account  of  what  mighty  success 
he  had  [had]  formerly  in  wars  against  many  nations 
of  Ifldian8,f  when  he  served  Asuhmequin,  Philip's 
father,  dtct 


*      'T  Vi '' 


was  made  a  teoder  by  law  for  the  payment  of  debts  "  not  ex- 
ceeding 40  shillings,  at  8  white  or  4  black  a  penny  ;  this  was 
rej^ftled  in  1671."    Douglass,  I,  437. 

*  Mohawk's.  This  Word  is  spelt  Moohag  on  page  68.  See 
iMte  S,  of  page  68. 

t  How  much  it  is  to  l^e  lamented  that  Mr.  Church  did  not 
preserve  the  conversation  of  Annawon  at  this  time.  Nothing 
could  have  added  more  value  to  his  history. 

^  Thus  ended  Mondav  night  38  August.  It  is  unaccounta* 
ble  that  Mr.  Hubbard  nxes  no  date  to  this  transaction,  and 
the  more  so,  as  he  wrote  so  near  the  time  that  it  took  place. 
It  is  not  without  some  .hesitation  that  the  above  is  admitted, 
on  account  of  the  disagreements  in  the  narratives.  Hub- 
bard, 330,  says  that  Tispaquin  came  in,  in  September,  and 
places  it  before  the  taking  of  Annawon,  which  if  our  author 
pe  correct  is  a  gross  mistake.  Now  it  is  evident  that  it  was 
on  Mopday  Qight  from  :the  text,  and  that  there  was  a  moon 
■ol  long  afteV  dark,  perhaps  an  hour  or  two.     This  •«« 


ivg^ 


PHILIP'S  WMI. 


143 


In  the  morninff,  as  soon  as  it  was  light,  the  Cap- 
tain marched  with  his  prisoners  out  of  that  swampy 
country  towards  Taunton.  [He]  met  his  Lieutenant 
and  company  about  four  miles  out  of  town,  who  ex- 
pressed a  great  deal  of  joy  to  see  him  again,  and 
said,  [that]  it  was  more  than  ever  they  expected. 
They  went  into  Taunton,  weve  civilly  and  kindly 
treated  by  the  inhabitants.  [Here  they]  refreshed 
and  rested  themselves  that  night.  ^J 

r  Early  next  morning,  the  Captain  took  old  Anna- 
won,  and  half  a  dozen  of  his  Indian  soldiers,  and  his 
own  man,  and«went  to  Rhodeisland;  sending  the 
rest  of  his  company,  and  his  prisoners  by  his  Lieu- 
tenant* to  Plymouth.  Tarrying  two  or  Ihree  days 
upon»the  island,  he  then  went  to  Plymouth,  and  car- 
ped his  wife  and  his  two  children  with  him. 

Captain  Chur^ih  had  been  but  a  little  while  at 
Plymouth,  when  ae  was  informed  of  a  parcel  of  In- 
dians who  had  haunted  the  woods  between  Pljrmouth 
and  Sippican;  that  did 'great  damage  to  the  Eng- 
lishfin  killing  their  cojttle,  horses,  and  swine.  The 
Captain  was  soon  in  pursuit  of  them.  [He]  went 
oQt  from  Plymouth  the  next  Monday  in  th^  after- 
noon, [And]  next  morning  early  they  discovered  a 
track.  The  Captain  sent  two  Indians  on  the  track 
to  see  what  they  could  (discover,  whilst  he  and  his 
company  followed  gently  after.  But  the  two^  In- 
dians soon  returned  with  tidings,  that  they  discover- 
ed the  enemy  sitting  round  their  fires,  in  a  thick 
place  of  brush.  When  they  came  pretty  near  the 
place,  the  Captain  ordered  every  man  to  creep  as 
he  did,  and  surround  them  by  creeping  as  near  as 

tliey  could,  till  they  should  be  discovered,  and  then 

■  I .  II  1. 11       I   I     I 

Wttlj  corresponds  with  the  date  civen  above,  because  tlie 
moon  was  at  the  full  on  the  36  August,  aad  this  being  two 
nights  after,  they  would  of  course  have  the  moon  a  short 
time  liter  dark. 
^Mr^Jabez  Howlaiid. 


iiSi* 


„/. . 


•^^ 


PHILIPS  WAB. 


to  run  [-*»p  upon  them,  and  take  them  aliTe  if 
noMible»  (for  their  priionen  were  their  pay.)  They 
did  lo,  [takinff]*  evety  one*  that  were  at  tne  firet, 
not  one  escaping. 

Upon  examination  they  agreed  in  their  storiei, 
that  they  beloiiffed  to  Tiipaquin.  who  was  gone 
with  John  Bump,j  and  one  more,  to  Agawom}  and 
Sippioan^  to  kill  horses,  and  were  not  expected 
bacic  in  two  or  three  days.  || 

This  same  Tispaquin  'had  been  a  great  Captain, 
and  the  Indians  reported,  that  he  was  such  a  great 
Pamoau^yi  that  no1i>ttllet  could  enter  him,  &.c.  Cap- 
tain Church  said,  [that]  he  would  not  have  him  kill- 
ed, for  there  was  a  war**  broke  out  in  the  eastern 
part  of  the  country,  and  he  would  have  him  sa^d  to 
go  with  him4o  fight  the  eastern  Indians.  Agreea- 
bly he  left  two  old  squaws,  of  the  prisoners,  and  bid 
them  tarry  there  until  their  Capjtam,  Tispaquin,  re- 
turned, and  to  tell  him  that  Church  had  been  there, 
and  had  taken  his  wife  and  children,  and  company, 
and  carried  them  down  to .  Plymouth,  and  would 
spare  all  their  lives,  and  his  too,  if  ho  would  come 
down  to  them,  and  bring  the  other  two'  that  were 
with  him,  and  they  should  be  his  soldiers,  <&c. 

Captain  Church  then  returned  to  Plymouth,  leav- 
ing the  old  squaws  well  provided  for,  and  biscuit  for 
Tispaquin  when  he  returnet);  telling  his  soldiers, 
th«t  he  doubted  not,  but  he  had  laid  a  trap  that 
.       >(on]  «[took] 

*  AlK>ut  (M) accordingto  Hubbanl,  tSl.  " The  place  was 
near  Lakenham  upon  rocasset  neck,  so  full  of  busiies  that  a 
man  eould  not  see  a  rod  before  him."    Ibid. 

t  Nothing  more  is  laid  of  this  Indian  as  I  ean'find.  There 
are  Teq>eetable  white  people  in  Middleborough  by  this  name, 
from  the  ancestors  of  whom  he  might  have  derived  his  name. 

1  OVareham.Y  §  (Rochester.) 

I  This  was  in  Se|itember. 

f  Wizard  or  conjurer.  English  writers  denominate  their 
priests  by  this  name. 

**  An  account  of  this 
8e9  No.  y. 


s: 


war  will  heaven  in  the  Appendix. 


I 


wM^^ ukp  himc  Ctptain  CKuroh' tfi^  tfti] 
•will  tt^  BottOQi  (the  ooimhiMiotiiBrf^  tffi«ff  ..... 
Mid  Wtited  upon  the  honourHUe  Governti^r  Lc.« 
jeU,t  who  then  lay  sick.  [He]*  requeitod  Ciii)talli 
Church  to  give  him  lome  tccoiint  of  the  war,  wnb 
ipadily  obliged  his  honour  therein,  to  hii|;reat  ifttii. 
foctio.),  at  he  was  pleased  to  express  himself;  tak«» 
mg  l^m  by  the  hand,  and  telling  him,  [Uiat]  if  it 
pleased  God  [that]  he  lived,  he  would  make  it  a 
wrace  of  a  hundred  pounds  advantage  to  him  out  of 
the  Massachusetts  colony,  and  would  endeavour  that 
the  rest  of  the  colonies  should  do  proportionably. 
But  he  died  within  a  fortnight  after,  and  so  nothing 
was  done  of  that  nature.         . 


)0» 


[Who] 


*  I  find  no  mention   of  any  other  court  in   MaaMchu- 
•etti  %i  this  time,  than  that  called  together  the  0  August.  oe« 
casioned  by  a  letter  from  the  King,  •ummoning;  the  eolon^ 
to  appoint  commiasioners  to  answer  to  the  compUints  of  Go»- 

Ss  and  Mason,  concerning   boandariei,  &.c.     See  Hii^ 
ait.  I,  380,  381.    This  and  other  b  «ine»>s,  it  ii  probable, 
kept  them  together  oAtil  the  time  allut    <  to  in  our  text* 

t  Qovernnur  John  Lererett  cam'  to  is.  erica  with  hit  far 
ther  in  1633,  from  Boston  in  Liocolnshire,  England.  He 
was  made  deputy  Ooveriiour  in  1671,  and  in  1673.  Oover- 
Oour.  He  continued  in  the  office  until  his  death,  woich,  ac* 
fording  to  our  author,  waa  in  1676.  Dr.  Douglass  also,  in 
ois  Summary,  I,  429,  tayt  that  it  was  **  in  the  autuQin  of 
1676.**  It  is  teinarkable,  that  mMt;^if  not  all,  later  htt^ri* 
ans  place  bit  death  in  1678,  oa  the  authority  of  Math^r|I 
conclude.  In  my  first  edition  of  this  work  I  followed  the  B!- 
ograpVcal  Dic^onaries  without  scruple,  but  soon  ditcovered 
the  errour.  Eliot  and  Allen,  perhaps,  followed  Mather  wit^ 
1,  because  Hutchinson  did  not  differ 


out  hesitation  I 


from  him. 


The  tbnher  part  of  this  note  was  written  previmis  to  ibo 
mearariqebf  Mr.  Sav^;e*8  edition  of  Winthi 


appearaiiqe  01  iur.  c>av^;e'8  eaiuon  oi  wininrop's  Uistonr 
orNfwengland.  It  there  appe»ri<,  II,  d45,note  3,  that  ^  UU 
ter  was  deceived  1677,  from  the  court  of  Endand,  creating 
him  Kiii^ht.  This  title  was  ti#ver  used,  which  Mr,  Savage 
conjectures  various  reasoas.for,  But  if  he  were  dead  before 
his  alfi|»Mti^ent  ittr&ved»  thai  is  a  siii&cient  reason^  la 
$now*l  pff(t;  BMoh;  some  849^nt  of  his  funeral  is  givM, 
batriiniir  the  same  dM«. 


"'^  J*  '-tf      J  X.f^On^'^t^ 


m 


ffllUM  WAB. 


'•ft^  fame  dav*  Tiip&quin  came  iii)  and  thoie 
liiat  weie  with  him.  But  when  Captain  Churoh  m- 
tnrned  fipom  Boston,  he  found,  to  his  grief,  th^  heads 
4ii  Annairon,  Tispaq[ttin,  &.c.,f  cut  off  which  Were 
the  last  of  Philip*8  friends.} 

*  The  same  day  that  the  tr<^  was  set. 

t  The  fttU  import  of  this  &c.  is  not  known.  We^  can  onfy 
obienre,  that  3  neat  manv  others  at  different  times  were  ex- 
cented,  much  to  the  diuionour  of  those  concerned.  Of 
the  numbers  of  those  poor  natives  that  were  thus  murdered, 
we  must  remain  ignorant. 

I  Melancholy  indeed  is  the  reflection,  a  nation  is  no  more! 
,Thu8  we  behold  the  instability  of  all  thinn,  acted  upon  by 
the  exterminating  hand  of  time.  The  rude  government  of 
the  natives  could  not  protect  them  asainst  treachery  in  &n 
nncommpn  degree.  Their  means  of  support  being  oft;en 
seaut,  ana  many  times  nearly  cut  off,  was  a  great  inducement 
to  desertion  to  the  English,  where  they  always  fared  much 
better.  Hence  their  first  great  disaster,  at  the  swamp  fight 
in  Narraganset,  was  owing  to  a  fiigitive*s  leading  the  Eng- 
liih  to  the  only  assailable  part  of  the  fort ;  Philip  fell  by  the 
same  fold  treachery ;  and,  lastly,  Annawon,  wno,  had  he 
been  a  Roman,'WOttld  have  been  called  the  great.  The  fbl- 
Ittwing  lines  admirably  portray  the  frailty  ofman. 

**  Like  Imtm  on tr«M  the  race  of  man  it  found; 
Now  froon  in  vonth,  now  withVing  on  the  ground ; 
\  Anoth^nuie  the  fbUowing spring lupi^liet;  ,J^, 

They  wll  luooemve,  and  luecewTe  rue :  .,Vr 

9o  Mnerationi  in  their  courw,  decay ; 
im»  lowrii^  th«se,  witen  thoee  are  pait  aWay.**    PoPB*i 

Tile  conduct  of  the  gpvernment  in  putting  to  death  "  An- 
Itiliiron,  Tispaquin,  &.c.,**  ^sever  been  viewed  as  barbarous; 
mi  circumstance  now  mad«  nepessary,  The  Indians  were 
subdued,  therefore  no  example  w^  )vanting  to  deter  others. 
It  is  true,  some  were  mentioned  by  the  government  as  un- 
sneriting  mercv ;  but  humanity  forbade  the  execution  of 
laws  formed  only  for  the  emergencies  of  the  foment.  Oov- 
prnour  Hutchinson  observes,  "Every  person,  almost,  in  the 
two  cplmiesf  [Massachusetts  and  Pfymouth]  ha4  lost  a  vela- 
.'tion  9{r  jiear  |i^iend»  and  the  people  in  general  were  exa^pera- 
Mi  but  »11  docs  not  sufficiently  excuse  tbis  great  sevarity," 
Hist.  Masp,  I,  ^77.  ■^- 

Mr.  Hubbard,  who  wrote  j^t  the  time  does  not  fail  to  Jnsti- 
fy  all  the  measures  of  HOvejF|iment.  He  says  Upat  Church 
pfotBued  Tispaquin  an  offiee)|pder  Ipiin,  if  wha|^^|dL|Wide 


PHiUP*8  war; 


m 


'UT  '■ 


The  general  court  of  Plymouth  then  sitting,  fuit 
for  Captain  Church,  who  waited  upon  them  aocoii*^ 
ingly,  and  received  their  thanks  for  his  good  ser- 
vice, which  they  unanimously  voted,  [and]  which 
was  all  that  Captain  Church  had  for  his  aforcMud 
service. 

{  Aflerwards,  in  the  year  1676,*  in  tl^e  month  of 
January,  Captain  Church  received  a  commission 
from  (jovernour  Winslowyf  to  scour  the  woods  of 
some  of  the  lurking  enemy,  whicli  they  were  well 
informed  were  there. 

[Here  followed  the  commissioh  which  it  omitted  m  it  is 
very  similar  tp  that  at  page.  93.  It  bears  date  15  Jan.  1676, 
bat  should  be  taken  1676-7.]  , 

, —  ■  — ■    '       "  .  I.' 

his  followers  believe  were  true,  that  a  bullet  could  not  kill 
him.  When  he  delirered  himself  up,  the  government 
thousht  proper  to  see  if  it  were  the  case  ;  so  shot  at  him,  and 
he  fell  dead  the  first  fire !  Annawon  was  accused  of  torturink 
and  murdering  many  English  prisoners,  "  which  he  wwi 
not  deny,"  therefore  he  was  j^ut  to  death  in  the  same  mannsr. 
Mr.  Huobard,  though  an  eminent  historian,  was  not^ree  firom 
the  prejudices  of  the  times.  As  for  us,  we  can  omlj  Umemt 
the  end  of  those  heroes,  and  in  no  better  language,  than  tbi^ 
of  oor  eminent  native  poet. 

.f     .*'  Indulge,  our  oativ«  land,  indulge  the  tear 
That  iteaii  impamioned  o'er  a  nation*!  doom ; 
To  OS  each  twig  from  Adam*f  stock  b  dear, 
And  tean  of  sorrow  deck  an  Indian's  tomb.'* 
>  Dwight's  Greenfield  HiU. 

*This  was  according  to  the  old  method  of  dating,  when 
the  new  year  did  not  begin  until  the  35  March;  therefiMe, 
this  must  be  understood  1677.  Under  the  old  supputation, 
the  year  was  often  written  with  an  additional  figure,  from  I 
Jan.  to  96  March,  to  represent  both  the  old  and  new  methc^ ; 
thus,  at  that  time  the  above  date  would  have  been  properly 
written  1676-7.  By  the  inattention  of  authors,  sometiilSes 
using  the  additional  figure,  and  sometimes  omitting  it,  manf 
anachronisms  have  been  committed.  Another  methodf, 
which  signifies  the  same  was  often  used  ;  thus,  IS7y  express 
the  same  as  1676-7.  But  writers  frequently  fell  into  mis- 
takes by  taking  the  wron^  figure  of  the  fraction. 
:;  t  This  Gentleman  having  managed  the  affairs  of  Plymouth 
eok»ny  during  this  troublesome  war,  it  will  be  proper  to  give 
some  account  of  him  at  its  cloS9.  He  was  a  son  of  the  di^ 
tingaislied  Edward  Winslow,  whose  name' is  the  third  to 


f/  y 


'.;■-,*  ^        '  I  1  ^   J 


Ml 


raitiir«  iTAii. 


JU^wdingly  CtplaUi>«GhureK  aoeompwiM  with 
MlMNil  gentlemen,  «tid  oUieri,  went  but  tnd^  teoh' 

that  tf lebrit«4  ^<  oomblhttlon,*^  or  «*  flrtt  (^uiic)ti(pii  jof  jrat 
fKWnmviil  ofNtw  Pljmoath.**  In  1656,  AlexaWa jr wki  mh 


(iMMlod  of  plotting  •Minit  the  Engliih,  ai  hM  b«en  merttfohod 
In  note  h  on  page  n.  Mr,  WintUow  with  8  or  10  men  ear* 
lu^fMHilitin  at  a  hunting  home  w^ere  ,he  hi^d  juft  arHfed 
witnaMutftO  men.  Tneie  having  left  their  goni  without 
their  houee,  were  telied  b^  Window,  yfho  then  compeUed 
AlOiander  to  go  with  him  to  Plymoulh.  Thieeaoied  In  him 
an  indignant  Unguinhnent)  of,  whieh  Iftadieda  at  hai  boon  eb* 
served.  .vvt«iii  MtfiWlr-- 

When  Philip**  war  oommenoed.  Mr.  W tnilow  wrote  to  the 
Oofi^rnottr  of  Manaehuietti  aa  toUowi:  "  July  4,  1675.  I 
do  Bolemnly  prolate  we  know  not  any  thing  IVom  ui  that 
night  put  Phuip  upon  these  motioni,  nor  have  heard  that  he 
pr«*nai  to  have  tuffered  any  wrong  (torn  uni  lave  only  that 
we  had  kiUed  tome  Indians  and  intended  to  send  for  himself 
Ibr  the  murder  of  John  Sauiaman  [Sasfiamon.]  The  Ifuft 
that  Wis  bxecuted  this  week  confessed,  that  he  iftw  the  9tHer,i 
two  do  the  murder.  Neither  had  we  any  thoughts  to  ooi»*' 
namd  him  in  about  it.'*    See  note  1)  on  page  ,99.  .  , 

Again  he  writes. "  I  think  I  ean  clearQ'  say*  that  bflb^f 
thise  present  troubles  broke  out,  the  English  did  'not  possaif 
one  loot  of  land  in  this  colony,  but  what  was  ftiirly  obtaioed 
by  honest  purchase  of  the  Indian  proprietors:  Nay,  b«Bi^us» 
some  of  our  peoj^le  are  of  a  covetous  disposition,  and  the  In* 
dians  are  in  their  straits  easily  prevailed  with  to  pArt^with 
their  lands,  we  first  made  a  law  that  none  should  piiMhase 
or  reeeive  by  gift»  any  land  of  the  Indians  without  the  Jinow- 
ledf^  and  allowance  of  our  court,*'  &c.  Hubbard,  66.  Thus 
Justice  appears  to  have  been  aimed  at  by  the  leaders  in  gov* 
oriiment.  irom  its  beginning,  but  does  not  appear  to  havi^^ 
efeetually  prevented  the  private  abuses  or  individuals^ 
iiifhioli  tvas,  no  doubt,  impossible.  The  remark  of  Mr,  M»* 
kin  I  will  lay  before  the  reader  that  he  may  judge  how  Atr,i| 
is  correct,  and  whether  the  contrast  be  so  great  Oftween  tM 
treatment  of  the  Indians  in  Newengland  and  Peonsylvafl^ 
•I  to  deserve  what  follows.    (See  Appendix,  XIIL> 


**  On  jtut  ud  •qual  terms  tht  land  wm  gaia'd,* 
No  fore«  of  arma  has  any  richt  obtaiaM  : 
Tis  here  without  the  use  of  arms,  iklone. 
The  blessM  inhabitant  enjojr*  his  own ; 
Here  many*  to  their  wish,  m  peaee  e^jojr 
Their  hewpy  lots,  and  nothing  doth  annoy. 
But  ss'l  Vftw  Btutkuul't  diff 'rent  eonduet  Sh«w*4 
What  dire  efeots  lro«  l^jur'^AiiUaiw  aorr*d»'* 


J  Jl  Pmmaitha^^^^  ,^4,^  ^^,,-,.jHakia  to  PMed,  l|^|i|k' 


'•\f.' 


PHILIPS  WAH. 


140 


'■*/ 

.>.ii 


diftn  ptrtiti  of  Indiani.  In  one  of  which  thort  wm 
«  oortain  <^Id  man,  whom  Captain  Church  MonMd  to 
take  particular  notice  of,  and  anking  himt  where  ha 
belonaed,  he  told  him  at  Swanasoy.  The  Captain 
aiked  nil  name,  he  replied,  Conicience.  Conicience, 
•aid  tlie  Captain,  fmiling,  then  the  war  iu  over )  for 
that  WRM  what  they  wero  Mearching  for,  it  being  much 
wanted,  and  returned  the  luid  Conicience  to  nil  poot 
again  at  Swanzey,  to  a  certain  perion  [that]  the  laid 
Indian  deiired  to  be  lold  to,  and  then  returned 
home.^ 

iWl  I  II  I       ■»  li    !■ .11.  I II"  .».»».».^|      ,1  I  

*  Nothinji  very  brilliant,  to  be  rare,  occurred  In  thoM  expt* 
ditioni.  if  the  author  kti  given  ui  the  chief  exploit  of  fhem 
ill,  ana  we  may  be  latiifled  that  we  have  no  more  of  them.  Mr. 
Hubbard  takes  no  notice  of  any  action*  of  Church  after  the  tak» 
ing  of  Annawo!? .  which  had  tney  been  very  important  would 
not  have  ete^^       'if  attention.    He  cloaeithewar  inthli 

Suarter  with  n  >  '  intereNtins  exploit*,  the  chief  of  which 
will  be  proiiei*  io  notice.  In  October  one  Mr.  Btanton  with 
three  Indian*  came  from  Seconet  and  on  the  way  beared  by 
a  captive,  that  there  were  a  number  of  the  enemy  not  ftur  on» 
The  Indiana  leaving  Mr.  Stanton  pureued  and  took  them  all. 
Among  them  wa*  an  old  man  not  able  to  go  their  pace,  and 
they  spared  hi*  life  by  hi*  promiwing  to  come  after.  It  ap- 
pear* that  tho*e  taken,  were  mostly  women  and  children, 
who*e  men  were  out  a  hunting;.  They  *oon  returned,  and  the 
old  man  informed  them  of  wnat  had  befel  their  friends,  and 
they  *et  out  in  pursuit  of  them,  overtook  them,  and  retook 
the  prisoners.  One  friendly  Indian  was  killed  in  the  skir- 
mish, and  the  other  two  hardly  escaped.  One  of  these  waa 
called  Major  Symon,  part  Pequot  and  part  Narraganset. 
He  was  remarkable  for  ois  strength  and  courage,  andat  the 
first,  offered  to  fight  any  five  of  the  enemy  hand  to  hand  with 
their  hatchets,  but  they  declined ;  upon  which  he  discharged 
his  gun  among  them,  and  then  rushed  upon  them  with  great 
ftiry,  broke  through  them,  and  escaped  with  the  other.  With- 
out injury.    Hubbard,  3d7,  388. 


13* 


'-r 


'  ^wM?j8^'f*f(i>4^*»*rt'^^■j|-J^■f  'fjT),*/ 


m-i: 


'4)k:^  K'^^l.iuyi 


FRENGU  AND  mUIsM 


ifii^^ 


BETWEEN  THE  YEARS  1689,  AND  1704} 


■yiliaj   A   PVBTHEB   AGCOUITT   OF  THR   AGTI098  IN  THE   IfOpt 


JUATE;  WARS  AOAIM8T   THE   COMMON   ENBMT   AflirO   IK- 
DIAK   REBELS,   IN   THE   EASTERN  PABT8, 


jtKder  the  commj^no  of  the. 
aforesaid 


H^Jl^j^-i  ;J*t#3^ 


CAPTAIN  BENJAMIN  CHURCH. 


JH.'r-.. 


I--,       .    ■  ■'■■■'.  •        '  *-/fi#i#^ 

N  the^ime  of  Sir  Cdmiind  Andross**  goverfunent, 
began  that  bloody  war  in  the  eastern  parts^of  New- 
england ;  so   that  immediately  Sir  Edmund  sent  an 

*^^^**''  '  '  ■■  I    I   II  ■  .,   ,1    ■—   I-        II  I.  .,  '■■  .ii.ii.  — — ■■■■i.«.«..»».    II     in'  ii,im. 

/•  Andross  was  sent  over  as  Govcrisour  of  the  province  of 
!^*wyoipk,  in  1674,  by  the  Duke  of  York.  Was  appoint-  I 
Oovernour  of  Kewengland,  and  arrived  in  Boston,  20  Dc- 
e?ml)«r  1684.  Smith,  Hist.  N.  Y.  69,  gives  4.  vftry  just  idea 
of  his  character  in  a  very- few  words.  **  He  knew  no  law, 
Vut  the  will  of  his  master,  aind  Kirk  and  Jeiferies  were  not 
fitter  instruments  than  he  to  execute  the  desnotick  projects 
of.  James  II.*'  And  that  <*the  historians  or  Newengtand 
Justly  tranieinit  him  to  posterity,  under  the  odiou  haracter 
fit  it  STiCOphantick  tool  to  the  Dtik?,  an^d  an  arbiti  <a-y  tyrant 
over  the  people  committed  to  his  care.^*  He  was  checked  in 
the  midst  df  his  oppressive  measures  by  the  abdication  of 
King  James.  This  had  been  expected  by  the  colonies,  and 
eagerly  wished  for.  The  people  of  Boston  on  a  report  of  the 
change  in  England,  and  without  waiting  for  its  confirmation, 
daringly  began  the  revolution  in  Newengland.  Andross  and 
about  50  other  obnoxious  persons  were  seized,  and  the  old 

fovernment  rcassumed.  He  was  afterwards  Governour -of 
'^irginia,  and  we  hear  but  little  more  about  him.  He  died 
in  London,  Feb.  34, 1719.  Holmeti,  I,  475.  His  life  is  mora 
pMtiealarly  given  by  Eliot,  but  larger  and  better  by  AUen, 


n^BNCH  Aim  ISTDIAK  WABa 


Ul 


.^^# 


•stfmtf  for  Captain  Church,  who  then  beingmtXiittte- 
cbiiiptoiii,  received  it  on  a  Lord's  day,  in  the  afiief* 
iii06h  meeting.  Going  home,  after  meettiig».[he]  took 
his  horse  and  set  out  for  Boston,  as  ordered ;  and  by 
sunrisd  next  morning,  got  to  Braintree,*  where  he 
met  with  Colonel  Fage  on  horseback,  going  to  We/- 
mouth  and  Ilingham  to  raise  forces  to  go  east  {HeJ^ 
ftaid  [that]  he  was  glad  to  see,  him»  and  that  his  ex- 
cellency would  be  as  glad  to  see  him  in  Boston  si) 
early.  So  parting*  he  soon  got  to  Boston,  and  jwaitea 
upon  his  excellency,  who  informed  him  of  an  unhap* 
py  war,  broken  out  in  the  eastern  parts  i  and  saijfl,^ 
[that]  he  was  going  himself  in  person,  and  that  lie, 
wanted  his  company  with  him.  But  Captain  Churoli 
not  finding  himself  m  the  same  spirit  he  used  to  have, 
said,  [thatj  he  hoped  his  excellency  would  give  him 
time  to  consider  of  it.  He  told  him  he  mi^ht ;  atid 
also  said  that  he  must  come  and  dine  with  hirn. 
Captain  Church  having  many  acquaintance  in  Boston, 
who  made  it  their  business,  some  to  encourage,  and 
Others  to  discouraj^e  hiin  from  going  with  his  excel- 
lency. So  after  duinier  h'S  excellency  took  hiiii  ititoi 
his  roomt  and  discoursed  freely ;  saying,  that  he  hav- 
ing knowledge  of  his  former  actions  and  successes^ 
and  that  he  must  go  with  him,  and  be  his  second, 
with  other  encouragements.  But  in  short,  the  said 
Captain  Church  did  not  accept,  so  was  disnussed  anct 
went  home^f  ^,M 

■vUgli  11^.11  1     .1  I  "  I,         !  I         1,1  _    I    '  '  I  |H 

•  Formerly  mount  Wollaston.  Its  Indiao  name  wasWee- 
ffagasset.  It  is  about  10  miles  from  Boston,  aadjis  renowQed 
as  the  birth  place  of  John  Adams,  second  Presadent  of  th? 
U.  States,  whose  life  and  death  add  so  mucb  ven^atioa  to 
the  auspicious  Fourth  of  Jult. 

*  Though  the  residence  of  the  President  is  ivearly  4  miles 
from  what  was  mount  Wollaston,  and  in  the  fnresent  town  of 
Quincy,  yet  it  is  believed^  that  it  was  anciently  inc^ded 
in  it.  '  * 

"^    t  Notwithstanding,  Andross  undertook  an  «aftern  expedi- 
tion at  the  head  of  7  or  800  men,  tiid  the  enemy  fled  befiNr* 


■«ivr*'Vii ..     A,-,      ..rtft 


>    - 


''/f-^ 


153 


FJRSNCH  ANB  INDIAN  WAHd. 


Mt^h  after  this  was  the  revolution,*  and  the  otlier 
goYemment  reaisumed,  and  then  Governour.  Brad'^ 
streotf  sent  for  Captain  Church  to  come  to  Boston 
OS  soon  as  his  business  would  permit ;  whereupon  he 
went  to  Boston  and  waited  upon  his  honour,  who  told 
him  ^that]  .he  was  requested  by  the  council  to  send 
for  him,  to  see  if  he  cou!d  be  prevailed  with  to  rais!^ 

him.  **  But,  by  establishing  garrisonfl,  by  detaching  name- 
roils  parties,  to  attack  their  settlements,  and  destroy  their 
scanty  provisions,  he  reduced  tbem  toHhe  greatest  mstjress, 
and.securejl  the  country  from  their  incursions."  Holmes,  I, 
474.  But  he  did  as  much  mischief,  or  perhaps  more  than  he 
did  good.  He  plundered  Castine*8  house,  a  Frenchman, 
who  nad  great  influence  among  the  Indians,  which  caused 
him  to  stir  them  up  anew.    Belknap,  1, 196. 

'-^''The  change  of  government  at  home  being  mentioned  in 
a  preceding  note  it  will  be  necessary  here  to  take  notice  on- 
ly of  its  origin.  King  James  II.,  in  his  efforts  to  establish 
jiopery,  overthrew  himself.  He  published  certain  declara- 
tions, with  injunctions  upon  the  clergy  to  read  them  to  the 
people  after  service,  which  they  refused.  The  Bishops  in 
an  address  to  the  King,  remonstrated  that  they  could  not 
read  his  declarations  consistent  with  their  consciences ;  and 
they  were  immediately  prosecuted  for  a  seditious  libel.  The 
people  took  great  interest  in  their  trial,  and  when  they  were 
acquitted  the  rejoicing  was  almost  universal.  At  this  very 
juncture}  whiHe  tlM  people  were  enraged  against  the  King, 
William,  Prince  of  Orange,  who  had  married  Mary^  eldest 
daughter  of  King  James,  landed  in  England  with  an  im- 
mense army  from  Holland,  and  were  proclaimed  without 
opposition.  The  old  King  with  much  dimetthy  effected  his 
escape  to  France.     Goldsmith's  Hist.  Engl'  nd. 

t  Simon  Bradstreet  was  born  in  Lincolnshire,  England  in 
March  1609,  and  lived  to  be  the  oldest  man  in  Newenglaqd^ 
Aft^r  marrying  a  daughter  of  Thomas  Dudley,  he  was  per-, 
suaded  to  make  a  settlement  in  Massachusetts.  In  1630  he 
was  chosen  assistant  of  the  colony,  and  arrived  at  Salem  the 
same  year.  He  was  in  several  important  oflicesi,  and  at 
length  succeeded  Governour  Leverett  in  the  chief  magis 
tracy  of  Massachusetts,  in  which  office  he  continued  until  the 
arrival  of  Andross,  when  he  was  superseded ;  but  Andross, 
in  1689,  being  put  down,  Mr.  Bradstreet  again  assumed  the 
government,  and  continued  in  it  until  the  arrival  of  Sir 
William  Phips,  in  1693.  He  died  in  Salem,  March  1697, 
aged  94  years^    Allen,  and  Eliot,    .    .  .^  . .   , ,  ^^ 


^•-- 
:<j"-' 


•  ^'  >■  -  -»■  ','-■■ 


f  'i...    ■     --;f-' 


.-;i«v,:... 


V(llunteeti,  both  Engliih  ind  Iadian»  td  0;K»jm^^f 
the  eastwavd  IndiaM  hfbd^omi  ^eiil  rj^l  upiMM<|he 
English  in  thoi9  j)fiirt»;«ivin9^Bia  antceonn^^^l'the 
miierief  mad  sufferings  o?  the  people  there*  GRptain 
Church's  spirits  being  ttffeoted^  siudt  if  he  could  j)(» 
any  service  for  his  tumour,  ihe  country,  and  their  \t0* 
lief,  he  was  ready  and  wilHhg. .  He  was  askeid  h^W 
he  would  act  ^  ne  said  [IhatJ  he  would  take  with 
him  as  many  of  his  old  scudiers  as  be  couldget^  bpth» 
English  and  Indians^,  ^c.  fThe  gentlemen  of  Bostett 
requested  him  to  go  to  Rhodeislaiid  government  it0 
ask  their  assistance.  So  giving  huii  their  letter,  aadi 
about  forty  shillings  in  money,  ha  took.  leane^Mid 
went  home  to  Bristol*  fm  a  Saturday ;  tmd  the  ntiit 
Monday  morning  he  went  over  to  lthodeisland,iaf)0. 
yvaited  upon  their  Govcriiour,f  delivering  the  lette  . 
as  ordered,  [and]  prayed  his  honour  for  a  speedji  ai|^ 
swer,  who  said,  ttiey  could  not  give  an  answer  fw 
sently ;  so  he  waited  on  them  till  he  had  their  inswer 
And  when  he  had  obtuned  it,  he  cairried  it  to  j^ 
Boston  gentlemen,  who  desired  him  to  raise  whativp*^ 
lunteers  he  could  in  Plymouth  colony,  p"<d  RhodJo* 
island  government,  and  what  was  wanting  uiey  would 
make  up  out  of  theirs  that  were  already  out  iui^.tl|i 
eastern  part». 

The  summer  being  far  spent.  Captain  Church  mifidi^ 
what  despatch  he  could,  and  raised  about  two  b«n* 
dred  and  fihy  men,  volunteers,  and  received  his  cOiUh 
mission  f/«.^n  Govemour  Hinkley|  which  is  «»  faj* 
loweth,  viz. :  •'wtimmr .  -r^^^     -.    ,  ,  .    Y>>4ikjk-?;*^ . 


*  He  settled  at  Bristol  soon  after  Philip's  war.    See  his  lift 

t  We  may  infer  from  Judge  Se wall's  diary,  in  Htilmesjlj 
468,  that  one  Clark  was  the  Govemour  of  Rhodeiiluid  ta 
1686,  on  the  arrival  of  Andross,  who  of  coarse  was  dinplaeod. 
B^t  in  May  of  this  year,  1689,  it  was  resamed,  aad  «lrtbe^ 
heral  officers  replaced.,  |hid.  476.  I  have  notevcn  teanieAiili 
baiMtismttl  dame.  A  flK>od  history  of  9|h»deislawl  Is  i  ve^ 
deSmihle  wiii-kt-  '^  * '""■^ '^"'^^  '^''  p* t'iftf.- ■•- ,    ,  ;T  .g  b-ffe^B 

X  Thomas  Hinkley  was  boni  abotit  the  yeaf  1699.'  '^  iHMi 
so  mention  of  him,  until  he  assumed  the  govornmontf  or 


15t 


FRENCH  ANB  IKBIAK  WAEfx^ 


Jifho  Plynunah  in  Jinoengland:  To  Mqfm'  Bm^ 
Jamin  Ckureh,  Ccmmander  in  Chirf,  ,«,« 

Whereafl  the  Ker..^ebeck  and  eastern  Indians  wiljb 
their  oonfederateS,  have  openly  made  war  upon  their 
Majesties*  subjects  of  the  province  of  Maine,  New- 
hi^{>«hire,  and  of  the  Massachusetts  colony,  having 
committed  many  barbarous  murders,  spoils  and  rar 
pines  upon  their  persons  and  estates.  And  whereas 
there  are  some  forces  of  soldiers,  English  and  In- 
diails,  now  raised  and  detached  out  of  the  several 
regiments  and  places  within  this  colony  of  New 
Plymouth,  to  go  forth  to  the  assistance  of  our  neigh- 
bours and  friends,  of  the  aforesaid  provinces  and 
colony  of  the  Massachusetts,  subjects  of  one  and 
the  same  crown ;  and  to  join  with  their  forces  for  the 
repelling  and  destruction  of  the  common  enemy*.! 
And  whereas  you  Benjamin  Church,  are  appointed 
td  be  Major,  and  commandier  in  chief  of  all  the  iot*, 
ces;  English  and  Indians,  det&ohed  within  this  colony 
for  the  service  of  their  Majesties  aforesaid.  THESE 
are  in  their  Majesties'  name  to  authorize  and  require 
ycMi  to  take  into  your  care  and  conduct  all  the  said 
Ibr^es,  English  and  Indians,  and  diligently  to  attend 
that  service,  by  leading  and  exercising  of  your  infe- 
ribur  officers  and  soldiers,  commanding  them  to  obey 
you  as  their  chief  commander;  and  to  pursue,  fighit»- 
take,  kill,  or  destroy  the  said  enemies,  their  aiders 
and  abettors,  by  all  the  ways  and  means  you  can,  as 
you  shall  have  opportunity.  And  you  are  to  observe, 
and  obey  all  such  orders  and  instructions  as  from 
time  to  time  you  shall  rec'eive  from  the  commissioii- 
ers  of  the  colonies,  the  council  of  war  of  this  colony, 
or  the  Govemour  and  council  of  the  Massachusetts 

"    '        '<"    I"!'  '  I.      »i  .1         .  ,         I  I    ...i  .  .  I     .  I  I. 

rather  the  presidency  of  Plymouth  colony  after  the  fall  of 
Androfls,  the  Cali^la  of  Newengland,  iu  1689.  He continii- 
•d  in  this  office  until  1693,  when  Sir  William  Phips  arrived. 
He  died  at  Barnstable,  in  1706,  aged  about  74  years.    Mor* 

to..  9oe.  H.tchi-.,  n.  uif^,^^  .^ 


^, 

■¥ 


(I 


¥• 


«Si 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAES. 


^it6 


cokmf.    In  testimoiiy  whereof  the  publick  le^^f 
the  laid  colony  of  NewPlVmouth  is  hereunto  itiiii 
Dated  in  Plymouth,  the  sixth  day  of  September, 
Anno  Domini,  1689.  Annoque  Hegni  Rsgia  ei  Heg^ 
1MB  JVmelmia Marud  AngUa,  fyc,  Pnmo.* 


t^ 


^: 


'■^  .A  .THOMAS  HINKLEY,JPrwi<lirt.' 

ff  And  now  marching  them  all  down  to  Bpdton^  tiien 
received  his  farther  orders  and  instructions,  which 
are  as  followeth.  i 

3V  **Bo»tony  September  16th,  1689. 

To  all  ShtriffSi  MarshaU,  CoiMtahU»,(md  othtr 
officers,  mUiiary  and  divU,  in  their  Mtgetties*  pro- 
vince qjr  Mainei 

.  Whereas  pursuant  to  an  agreement  of  the  com- 
missioners of  the  United  Colonies,  Major  Benjamin 
Ghurch  is  commissionated  commander  in  chief  over 
that  part  of  their  Majesties*  forces,  (levied  for  the 
present  expedition  against  the  common  enemy)  whose 
bead  quarters  are  appointed  to  be  at  Falmouth,  in 
Casco  bay.  In  their  Majesties*  names,  you,  and 
every  of  you,  are  required  to  be  aiding  and  assisting 
to  the  said  Major  Church  in  his  pursuit  of  the  ene- 
my, as  any  emergency  shall  require;  and  so  impress 
b^ts  or  othe/  vessels,  carts,  carriages,  horses,  oxen, 
provision  and  ammunition,  and  men  for  guides,  <&.c., 
as  you  shall  receive  warrants  from  the  said  Cpm- 
maBder  in  chief,  or  his  Lieutenant  so  to  do.  You 
may  not  fail  to  do  the  same  speedily  and  efTectually, 
a»  you  will  answer  your  neglect  and  contempt  of 
tiieir  Majesties*  authority  and  service  at  your  titt^t'- 
niost  penl.    Given  under  my  hand  and  seal  the  day 

f  •  That  is.  And  ^  the  reign  of  the  King  end  Queai,  PfSI. 
fimn  and  Mary  of  Enghndf  >e.;  thefir$l  J 


"V-rf7'»2^  >;'.■...);'.,. 


f*^ 


s^. 


;cft-"S*.v  ,,',jv.%;- 


;  ^--  ■  -;  J  .  -idi 


IM 


FRENCH  Ami  IUDlAN^WIlKi. 


wad  Tear  above  written.    Amomm  JUgtU  H9gi$  §i 
mtgfim  Wmemi  ei  Maria  JVfcilo.  ^ '  1» 

'  -ByTHOMTAS  DANPORTH/         ,;* 

PfiMMfeti/  q^  the  pravincB  qf  MMne*^^ 


-rp;* 


In  4  1 


'*i7y  fJU  Oovemour  and  CotmcU  qf  MaaaachuBMs : 
To  Major  Bei^amin  Church.  WA  > 

Whereas  you  are  appointed  and  commisiioned 
by  the  council  of  war,  of  the  colony  of  New-P*Iy- 
mouth,  commander  in  chief  of  the  forces  raised  witn- 
in  tbr:  said  colony,  against  the  common  Indian  ene" 
my,  r '>i<r  ordered  itito  the  eastern  parts  to  join  with 
•ome  cf  the  forces  of  this  colony ;  for  the  pro^jfecu- 
tion,  repelling  and  subduing  of  the  said  enemy.  It 
•s  therefore  ordered  that  Captain  Simon  Willard, 
and  Captain  Nathaniel  Hall,  with  the  two  companieft 
of  soldiers  under  their  several  commands,  blonginc 
lo  this  colony,  now  in  o^  about  Casco  bay,  be,  and 
are  hereby  put  under  you,  as  their  commander  in 
chief  for  this  present  expedition.  And  of  the  com 
missions  severally  given  to  either  of  them,  they  are 
ordered  to  observe  and  obey  your  orders  and  direc«> 
tions  as  their  commander  in  chief  until  further  order 
from  the  Govemour  and  council,  or  the  commission* 
era  of  the  colonies.  Dated  in  Boston  the  17th  day 
of  September,  Anno  Domini^  1 698.    Annoque  JR^^^nH 


JfT** 


*  This  gentleman  was  born  in  Ensland  1639.  He  was^i 
nan  of  inBuence,  which  he  ^mployecrto  good  account  in  tHe 
^fiiiieiilt  days  of  Newengland,  In  1679  he  was  elected  ^epw- 
ty  GoverrHmr,  and  the  same  year,  the  inhabitants  of  the 
province  of  Maine  chose  him  their  President.  On  the-arvV 
▼al  of  the  tvrant,  Andross,  he  was  suspended  from  ofl|cf^ 
fie  died  in  1699,  aj|;ed  77  ye».T5,  Nothing  more  honourat»ie, 
Mfbaps,  can  be  said  cf  him,  considering  the  i^  in  which  be 
Uvod,  than,  that  be  opposed  with  firmness  the  proeeedinj^^of 
those  court*,  wbicb  caused  such  a  foul  paf^e  in  our'btstory  by 
their  detestable  prosecutions  and  persecutions  for  vniekcr«ift, 
8m  Allen,  Biog.  94a  /^^ 


"•^  ■ ' 


^ « 


.* 


jrBBNCH  AlfD  II^DIAN  WARS. 


117 


fH^^  tUginet  QwUMitm  et  Maria,  JlngHm^  ^i. 


\.ly< 


■'»S 


S.  BRADSTREET,  Gmt. 
PnH  in  Ctmidl.  J^ttest,  Isaac  Addington*  Seer.'* 

**  By  the  Cammigaionera  of  thi  Cohniea  of  the  MOe- 
^*^  Htehuaeitej  Plymouth  and  Connecticut,  for  fnanag" 
'^  ing  the  present  war  against  the  common  enemy. 

T  Instructions/or  Major  Benjamin  Church, Comtnan- 
?  der  in  Chief  of  the  Plymouth  forces,  with  others 
"'  of  the  Massachusetts,  put  under  his  command. 

In  pursuance  of  the  commission  given  you,  for 
their  Majesties'  service  in  the  present  expedition 
asainst  the  common  Indian  enemy,  their  aiders  and 
aSettors ;  reposing  confidence  in  your  wisdom;  pra^ 
dence  and  fidelity  in  the  trust  committed  to  you  for 
the  honour  of  God,  good  of  his  people,  and  the  se- 
curity of  the  interest  of  Christ  in  his  churches,  ex- 
pecting and  praying  that  in  your  dependence  upon 
him,  you  may  be  helped  and  assisted  with  ^Jl  that 
grace  and  wisdom  which  is  requisite  for  carrying 
you  on  with  success  in  this  dinicult  service;  and 
though  much  is  and  must  be  left  to  your  discretion, 
^3  proi?ldence  and  opportunity  may  present  from 
time  to  time  in  places  of  attendance ;  yet  the  fol- 
lowing instructions  are  commended  unto  your  ob- 
servation, and  to  be  attended  to  so  far  a^  the  sta^o, 
of  matters  with  you  in  such  a  transaction  will  aduMt 
Vou  are  wjth  all  possible  speed  to  take  care  that  lau 

•  Mr.  Addington  was  one  of  those  who  took  a  very  active 
part  in  opposition  to  the  tyrannical  measures  of  Andross. 
On  the  accession  of  William  and  Maryiie  was  appointed  Scc- 
retarv,  which  office  he  discharged  with  integrity  for  soaic 
time.'  It  seems  that  in  those  days,  as  well  as  at  the  present, 
office  seekers  were  not  entirely  unknown,  but,  -'the  einoltH 
mentsof  that  office  were  ftmall,  compared  with  the  duty,  and 
so  be  was  in  less  danger  of  a  competitor."  He  belonged  to 
the  council  for  many  years,  and  was  rMPected  as  a  justice 
of  the  peace  for  wisapm  and  industry.    He  died  in  1714,    ,^ 


i'k':^'  Jff.L-.^'ihL  ;..'■>■ 


Its 


nUBNOH  AND  INDUN  WAHB. 


Plyniottth  force*,  both  English  and  Indians  under 
your  command,  be  fixed,  and  ready,  and  the  first  o|>- 
portnnity  of  wind  and  weather,  to  go  on  board  such 
vessels  as  are  provided  to  transport  you  and  them 
to  <^a8Co,  where,  if  it  shall  please  Gbd  you  arrive, 
you  are  to  take  under  your  care  and  command,  the 
companies  of  Captain  Nathaniel  Hall,  and  Caf»tain 
Simon  Willard,  who  are  ordered  to  attend  your  com- 
mand, whom,  together  with  the  Plvmouth  forces, 
and  such  as  jfrom  time  to  time  may  be  added  u'lito 
you,  you  are  to  improve  in  such  way  as  you  shall 
see  meet,  for  the  aisco>ering,  pursumg,  subduing 
and  destroying  the  said  common  enemy,  by  all  op- 
>,  portunities  you  are  capable  of;  always  intending  the 
preserving  of  aii^  of  the  near  towns  from  incursions, 
*and  destruction  of  the  enemy  ;  yet  chiefly  improving 
*  your  men  for  the  finding|  and  following  tiie  said 
«nemy  abroad,  and  if  possible  to  find  out  and  att&ck 
their  head  quarters  and  principal  rendezvous,  if  you 
find  you  are  in  a  rational  capacity  for  so  doing. 
The  better  to  enable  you  thereto,  we  have  ordered 
two  men  of  war  sloops,  and  other  small  vessels  for 
transportation  to  attend  you  for  some  considerable 
time.  You  are  to  see  that  your  soldiers'  «arms  be 
always  fixed  and  that  they  be  furnished  with  ammu- 
nition, provisions  and  other  necessaries,  that  so  they 
may  be  in  readiness  to  repel  and  attack  the  enemy. 
In  your  pursuit  you  are  to  take  special  care  to  avoid 
danger  by  ambushments,  or  being  drawn  under  any 
disadvantage  by  the  enemy  in  your  marches,  keep- 
ing out  scouts  and  a  forlorn  hope  before  your  main 
body,  and  by  all  possible  means  endeavouring  to 
surprise  some  of  the  enemy,  that  so  you  may  gain 
intelligence.  You  are  to  suppress  all  mutinies  and 
disorders  among  your  soldiers,  as  much  as  in  you 
lies,  and  to  punish  such  as  disobey  your  officers,  ac- 
cording to  the  rules  of  war  herewith  given  you.  g 
Yoji  are  a<*!Cording  to  your  opportunity,  or  any 
occasion  ipore  than  ordinary  occurring,  to  hold  cor^ 


■  ■'?i?:'  - 


r       '  "I 


FREMCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


1A9 


mpondence  with  Major  Swaine,  and  to  yield  mutual 
ainitance  when,  and  as  you  are  capable  of  it,  and 
you  may  have  reason  to  j'idge  it  will  be  bf  most 
publick  service,  and  it  wili  be  meet,  [that]  you  and 
he  should  agree  of  some  signal,  wherel^y  your  In- 
dians may  be  known  from  the  enemy.  You  are- to 
encourage  your  soldiers  to  be  industrious,  vigorous, 
and  venturous  in  their  service,  to  search  out  and 
destroy  the  enemy,  acquainting  them,  it  is  agreed 
by  the  several  colonies,  that  they  shall  have  ^'ug 
benefit  of  the  captives,  and  all  lawful  pluhdcr,  ^nd 
the  reward  of  eight  pouiuia  per  head,  for  every 
fighting  Indian  man  slain  by  them,  over  and  above 
their  stated  wages-;  the  same  being  made  appear  to 
the  commander  in  chief,  or  such  as  shall  be  appoint- 
ed to  take  care  therein.  If  your  commission  officers,* 
or  any  of  them  should  be  slain,  or  otherwise  incapa- 
ble of  service,  and  for  such  reason  dismissed,  you 
arc  to  appoint  others  in  their  room,  who  shall  have 
the  like  wages,  and  a  conunission  sent  upon  notice 
given ;  you  [are]  to  give  them  commissions  in  the 
mean  time.  You  are  to  take  effectual  care  that  the 
worship  of  God  be  kept  up  in  the  army ;  morning 
and  evening  prayer  attended  as  far  as  may  be,  and 
as  the  emergencies  of  your  affairs  will  admit ;  ta 
see  that  the  holy  Sabbath  be  duly  sanctified.  You 
are  to  take  care  as  much  as  may  be,  to  pru  T^nt  of 
punish  drunkenness,  swearing,  cursing  or  suci^  other 
sins  as  do  provoke  the  anger  of  God.  You  are  to 
advise  with  your  chief  officers  in  any  matters  of 
moment,  as  you  shall  have  opportunity.  You  are 
JkVom  time  to  time  to  give  intelligence  and  advice  to 
the  Governour  and  council  of  the  Massachusetts,  or 
commissioners  of  the  colonies,  of  your  p.viceedings 
and  occurrences  that  'may  happen,  and  how  it  shall 
please  the  Lord  to  deal  with  you  in  this  preseat  ex- 
pedition.  If  you  find  the  vessels  are  not  likely  to 
be  serviceable  to  you,  dismiss  them  aa  soon  as  yon 
maj. 


■,  jX  * 


■.xt-' 


I 


%m 


Fft&NOH  AND  INDIAN  WAII8. 


Cftptain  Sylvanus  Davis  is  a  prudent  man  and  well 
uc^uainted  with  the  aflfairs  or  thoie  parti,  and  ii 
written  Anto  to  advise  and  inform  you  all  he  cmi. 

Such  further  instructions  as  we  shall  see  reason 
to  send  unto  you»  you  are  carefully  to  attenc  and 
observe  $  and  m  the  absence  of  the  commi.*iioners, 
you  shall  observe  the  orders  and  instructions  direct- 
ed unto  you  from  the  Governour  and  council  of  the 
Massachusetts. 

Given  und§r  our  hands  in  liotton,  Sept.  18,  1C89. 

THOMACi  DANFORTH,  Pr§»id»nU 

BLIKHA  COOKE, 

8AMU1CL  MASON,  »   -^  *^^  • 

WILLIAM  HITKIN,  t^j.^^*'; 

THO.  HINKLEV, 

JOHN  WALLEY." 


"*#,f> 


TKB    FIRST   EXPEDITION    EAST. 

Being  ready,  Major  Church  embarked  with  his 
forces  on  board  the  vessels  provided  to  transport 
tHem  for  Casco.*  Having  n  brave  ffale  at  souths 
west,  and  on  Friday  about  three  o'clock,  they  got 
in  sight  of  Canco  harbour.  And  discovering  two  or 
three  small  ships  there,  [and]  not  knowing  whether 
they  were  friends  or  enemies,  whereupon  the  said 
commander.  Major  Church,  gave  orders  that  every 
man  that  was  able  should  make  ready,  and  all  lie  close ; 
giving  orders  how  they  should  act  m  case  they  were 
enemies.  He,  going  in  the  Mary  sloop,  together  with 
the  Resolution^  went  in  first,  being  both  well  fitted 
with  guns  and  men.  Coming  to  the  first,  hailed 
them«  who  said  they  were  friends ;  presently  man- 
ned their  boat,  brought  to,  and  so  came  along  the 

^i'^  What  WM  since  included  in  the  towns  of  Fftlmouth,  Gape 
£Ux«^betb  apd  Portland,  was  called  Casco.  It  is  situated  on 
VUC9  bay.    This  bay  at  its  entrance  between  Cape  Pov- 

eAak  aha  Cape  Elisabeth  is  about  40  miles  wide.    SulUvu's 
lit.' Maine,  18.     In  Philip*s  war  depredations  were  com- 
mitted here  by  the  savages  and  many  were  killed.    lb.  iMt 


M 


FRBNOH  AND  INDIAN  WARB. 


Ml 


Rido  of  [him.]*  [Tliuy]'  kiivo  ilio  itid  Churoli  an 
iiccotint,  that  voitiorday  ilma  wuh  a  vory  grtat  army 
oflndianNtund  Froiich  wUh  thtun  iimm  tho  i«Jand»^ 
nt  thu  going  out  of  tho  hurboisr,  and  that  thov  woro 
coiiio  on  imrpoNO  to  ttdus  ("unco  fort  luul  town  \j  liko- 
w'lMo  infoniuMl  him  that  thoy  hud  got  a  captivo  wo- 
man aboard,  (Major  WaldorrM^  daiightorior  Pincuta- 
1  [them.]  0  r^rho] 

~     -  iw  —M"  ir~miiii— ill!  iBiiiwi»Bn  will    -r ' ~mii  im  ■—■ip    wiwMnwiniinnr-m r nT~r~nWTtwwi— «nw 

*  There  tre  about  800  Uhndu  in  Oiieo  bty.  Wh%t  tb?. 
name  of  thii  wai  I  have  not  learned. 

t  Ifi  thii  the  «  hoilvrof  600  Indiani,"  mentioned  by  Hel- 
knap,  N.  H.  I,  867,  that  weroKoinif  to  attack  Caicor  I  do 
not  llnd  any  thing  like  it  in  the  ulace  it  Mhould  lir.  lie  cltea 
"  Chiirch'K  memoirs,  104,"  pernapN  he  uited  the  lirNt  edition 
of  ihiM  hiiitory,  aM  no  mention  of  any  thing  of  the  kind  In  Neen 
in  the  aeeonil.  In  touehinsupon  the  operation*  under  Church 
tn  1704,  he  tava,  "  while  uiey  were  at  Mountdeiert  Ghurub 
learned  from  9  of  hi*  priiionera'*  of  the  body  of  Indiana  juwt 
named.  It  will  be  Keen  in  the  iyth  Eaptdition,  that  Xa* 
fiure'it  lion  informed  Church  at  MontinicuM,  of  tumifi  French 
and  Indiana  *'  that  were  to  go  westward  to  tlsht  the  Eng- 
liMh,'*  but  nothing  of  the  kind  took  place  at  Mountdemert, 
nor  any  information  from  "  9  priMonem,"  or  that  the  expedi- 
liun  waK  to  attack  CaRco.  , .. 

I  Waldrnn  id  now  the  correct  way  of  writing  thU  name. 
Hubbard  wrote  it  aM  our  author  dorm,  but  more  frequently 
with  nn  r  AHer  the  e.  Home  other  hiNtorianN  put  the  r  before 
thft  ^,  no  we  arn  at  a  Iohn  how  the  name  wax  orWinally  Mpelt. 

MMJor  Richard  Waldron  wan  a  native  of  nomerMetMhiref 
Kn^'tirid,  and  wan  one  of  the  ttr^i  ictilerN  at  Cocliecbo,  now, 
Do'cr,  NewhamnHbire.  The  traf<ic;«l  death  of  thin  noted 
man  in  given  by  Dr.  Belknap,  HiNt.  N.  if,  1, 197,  198 ;  butaa 
that  (excellent  work  in  not  in  the  handN  of  many,  it  may  be 
iroAcr  to  give  the  particularM  in  IbiN  place.  At  the  clo«e  of 
*bilipV  war,  many  of  thn  wttNtern  IndianN  Aed  to  the  eaut- 
vard.  Home  of  them,  with  otherM  of  i'ennacook  and  Ftg- 
wocket,  had  atwemlded  at  Major  Waidron'N  with  whom  they 
had  lately  treated.  Capttiinx  Hyll  and  Hawtliorne,  Ixung 
despatched  by  the  ManNacliuNctiN'  government  againat  the 
IiKuanN  on  the  Kennebeck.  arrived  there  with  their  men, 
under  orderN  to  tieize  all  ImiianN  that  had  been  concerned  in 
the  war.  They  were  about  to  execute  their  ordert  by  eeis- 
ing  theNe  Indiana,  but  MaJ.  Waldron  formed  the  deaign  of 
taking  them  in  a  sham  training,  which  he  had  invited  fhem 


\ 


ti  ■      i'#p 


fe« 


nstfdM  AND  INDIAN  WAR& 


I 


<]aa)  that  could  give  him  a  full  account  of  their 
numberr  and  intentions.    He  bid  them  give  his  ser- 

to  join  in.  Accordingly  all  were  taken,  in  number  about  400. 
Those  that  were  not  ^ounH  to  have  been  in  the  former  war 
were  dismissed,  and  the  rest  were  sent  to  Boston.  About  8 
or  10  were  hanged  as  murderers,  and  the  rest  sold  into  slave- 
ry. This  was  the  latter  part  of  J67t>.  Now  18  years  had 
expired,  but  revenge  remained  in  the  breasts  of  those  tribes 
whoJfe  friends  had  been  so  cruelly  treated.  They  therefore 
formed  the  design  to  destroy  all  the  ^garrisons  at  Cochecho, 
which  was  thus  artfully  concerted.  Two  squaws  were  to 
get  permission  to  lodge  in  each,  and  after  all  was  still  in 
the  dead  of  night,  they  were  to  open  the  doors  for  their 
friendls.  No  fear  was  discovered  among  the  English,  and 
the  squaws  were  admitted.  One  of  those  admitted  into 
Waldron's  garrison,  reflecting,  perhaps,  on  the  ingratitude 
she  was  about  to  be  guilty  of,  thought  to  warn  the  Major  of 
his  danger.  She  pretended  to  be  lU,  and  as  she  lie  on  the 
ilo6r  would  turn  herself  from  side  to  side,  as  though  to  ease 
Herself  of  pain  that  she  pretended  to  have.  While  in  thtl 
ez«rci8e  she  began  to  sing  and  repeat  the  foUowiug  verse. .  .;^,^i; 
"  O  Major  Waldo,  / '•^^;4i■v^^•*;  .■■■_>;■=•'-■■  fi^ 
\./^\.  You  great  Sagamore,  !';>*»»; 

O  what  Will  you  do,  ' 

Indisins  at  your  door !"  ,  ^  '  "^ 
No  alarm  was  taken  at  this,  and  the  doors  were  opened 
aceordine  to  their  plan,  and  the  enemy  rushed  is  with  jpreat 
Airy.  They  found  the  Major's  room  as  he  leaped  out  orbed, 
but  with  his  swmrd  he  drove  them  through  two  or  three 
room^,  and  as  he  turned  to  get  some  other  arms,  he  fell  st  un- 
tied bv  a  blow  with  the  hatchet.  They  dragged  him  into 
his  hall  and  seated  him  on  a  table  in  a  great  chair,  and  then 
began  to  cut  his  flesh  in  a  shocking  manner.  Some  in  turns 
gashed  his  naked  breast,  Si^jing,  '*  I  cross  out  my  account." 
Then  cutting  a  joint  from  a  finger,  would  say,  "  Will  your 
fist  weigh  a  pound  now?"*  His  nose  and  ears  were  thei^cut 
off  and  forced  into  his  mouth.  He  soon  fainted,  and  fell  from 
his  seat,  and  one  held  his  own  sword  under  him,  which  pas- 
sed through  his  body,  and  he  expired.  The  family  were 
forced  to  provide  them  a  supper  while  iAiey  were  murdering 

th« 

.  *  rt  ii  a  tradition  concerning  Major  WaMron,  that  he  used  in  trading 
Mth  th«  Indifans,  to  count  hi«  fist  as  weighing  a  pound,  oilao  that  hiaae> 
•ouattwer*  falae  and  not  crossed  out  ace  vding  to  a^ru(#r<i;t  But  ia 
lustiqe  to  the  Major,  it  should  be  remembered,  that  •tr.fjf  >,  fmiiaiiB,  wbo 
HMiiUht  theoMelvea  injured  by  one  EngUfhman,  would  •^Afc>i>  «t>9k^«w  on  Ihs 
wet  that  <eU  into  their  handa.  '^ 


V-Sv 


VESNCH  AND  INDIAN  WAlSi 


Xt9 


'i***'*' 


';«»>» 


tiee  to  thoir  captain,  and  tell  him,  [that]  he  woi44 
wait  upon  him  after  he  had  been  on  shoie  and  given 
fome  orders  and  directions.  Being  come  prelty 
near,  he  ordered  ail  the  men  still  to  keep  close ; 
giving  an  account  of  the  news  [which]  he  had  re- 
ceived, and  then  went  ashore;  where  were  seve- 
ral of  the  chief  men  of  the  town,  who  met  him,  be- 
inff  glad  that  he  came  so  happily  to  their  reilief ; 
told  him  the  news  [that]  Mrs.  Lee^  had  given  them, 
being  the  woman  aforesaid. 

He  [went]^  to  Captain  Davis,t  to  get  some  refresh- 
meiit,  having  not  eaten  a  morsel  since  he  came  by 
Boston  castle.  .  And  now  having  inquired  into  the 
state  of  the  town,  found  them  in  a  poor  condition  to 
defend  themselves  against  such  a  number  of  enemies. 
He  gave  them  an  account  of  his  orders  and  instruc- 
tions, and  told  them  what  forces  he  had  brought,  and 

the  Major.    This  was  on  Thursday  37  June,  1689.     Major 
Waldron  was  80  years  old  when  killed.    Fifty  two  persons 
were  killed,  and  taken  captive,  of  the  former  were  33.     MS.- 
ReeoUections.        '   u*  v 

*  Daughter  o?  Major  Waldron,  as  mentioned  above.  She 
was  taken  the  same  time  her  father  was  killed,  as  related  in 
the  last  note.  Her  Imsband's  name  was  Abraham  Lee,  who 
was  killed  when  the  garrison  was  taken. 

t  C&ptain  Sylvanus  Davis,  the  same  mentioned  in  the  pre^ 
ceding  instrucvions.  By  Hutchinson,  II,  31,  it  appears 
that  he  vi^as  once  taken  prisoner  and  carried  to  Canada,  and 
that  he  commanded  the  fort  at  Casco  from  which  he  was  ta- 
ken, which,  I  suppose,  was  in  1690 ;  for  in  that  year  the 
country  upon  the  bay  was  desolated.  There  were  a  number 
of  garrisons,  and  a  fort,  but  were  all  taken.  Captain  Davis 
with  one  Captain  Lake  were  besieged  on  Arrowsike  island 
in  1676,  but  effected  their  escape  out  of  the  back  door  of  a 
house,  and  rah  to  the  water's  edge,  and  in  a  boat  fled  to  the 
nearest  land.  Capt.  Lake  was  snot  down  as  he  landed,  but 
Davis  escaped  wlfn  a  wound.  The  body  of  Lake  was  after- 
warid  founa,  and  conveyed  away  by  Major  Waldron.  Da- 
viS|  on  the  arrival  of  Gov.  Phips,  in  1693,  was  appointed  one 
of  the  tfoun^tlors  for'the  easteiMi  country.  Kow  long  he  c6r<^ 
tinned  in  that  office  is  not  known  to  mcf,  but  by  Sullivan^67; 
it  appears  that  he  sustained  it  in  1701 .       .    ^  "     :  •>.  /     . 


■i 


f<S4 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


\ 


tr 


that  when  it  was  dark  they  should  all  land,  and  not 
belbre,  lest  th3  enemy  shoald  -discover  tbeQi.  And 
then  he  went  on  board  the  privateer  [which  was  a 
Dutchman.]'  But  as  he  went,  called  on  board  every 
vessel,  and  ordered  the  ofHcers  to  take  care  that  their 
men  might  be  all  fitted  and  provided  to  fight ;  for 
the  people  of  the  town  expected  the  enemy  to  fall 
upon  them  every  minute.  But  withal,  charging  them 
to  keep  undiscovered. 

And,  coming  on  board  said  privateer,  was  :]^indly 
treated.  [He]  discoursed  [with]  Mrs.  Lee,  who  in- 
formed him,  that  the  company  she  came  with,  had 
four  score  canoes,  and  that  there  were  more  of  them, 
whom  she  had  not  seen,  which  came  from  other  pla- 
ces, and  that  they  told  her,  when  they  came  qll  to- 
gether, should  make  up  seven  hundred  men.  He 
asked  her  whether  Casteen^  was  with  them'^  She 
answered,  that  there  were  several  French  men  with 


2  [who  were  DutchmeR]      "^ 


t^^f!'  I  •>Mit*,»fif'4^H»«*''4*0 ', ,- 


•  Baron  De  S*.  Castine,  a  very  extraordinary  character. 
According'  to  Voliaire  and  the  Abbe  Raynal  he  had  been 
Colonel  of  the  regiment  of  Corignon,  in  France^  &nd  was  a 
man  of  family  and  fortune.  He  came  to  America  in  1670, 
and  settled  among  the  Penobscot  Indians ;  married  a  daugh- 
ter of  the  chief,  and  had  several  other  wives.  By  the  treaty 
of  Breda,  the  territory  beyond  the  Penobscot  was  ceded  to 
France,  and  Castine  lived  within  that  countr3\  Some  diffi- 
culty arose  about  a  cargo  of  wine,  which  was  landed  in  the 
country,  and  a  new  line  was  run  by  the  English,  by  which 
the  place  of  landing,  together  with  Castine's  lands,  was  ta- 
ke .rithin  the -English  claim.  Andross,  in  his  expedition 
be.vVi';  named,  plundered  Castine's  house  of  every  thing  valu- 
ab;.?  in  his  absence.  This  base  act  so  exasperated  him,  that 
he  used  his  exertions  tp  inflame  the  Indians  against  the  Eng- 
lish, which  he  effectually  did,  and  their  chief  supplies  of 
arms  and  ammunition  were  furnished  by  him.  He  had  an 
estate  in  France,  to  which  he  retired  when  the  French  lost 
their  possessions  in  that  part  of  the  country.  See  Sullivan's 
Hist.  99,  158,  336.  Hist.  N.  H.  I,  195,  196.  If  we  name 
this  war  from  those  that  occasioned  it,  W(%  may  call  it  Ca»- 
tine's  war.  But  the  French,  perhaps,  wo\dd  call  it  Androsi* 
wait? 


t  •ffi.i.iy   '■;**•'*. Vt^f)^ 


'  i^ii-^'^'^m<^ji 


FU^NCH  AND  INDIAN  WABS. 


m 


^insm,hni  did  not  know  whether  Casteen  was  tbf  re 
oi*  ndt.  Hife  then  having  got  what  intellig«mice  di0 
could  give  him,  went  ashore  and  viewed  the  fort  and 
ipvm ;  discoursing  with  the  gentlemen  there  accord- 
ing to  his  instructions. 

And  when  it  began  to  grow  dark,  he  ordered  the 
veiBselti  to  come  as  near  the  fort  as  might  be,  and  land 
the  soldiers  with  as  little  noise  as  possible ;  ordering 
thein  as  they  landed  to  go  mto  the  ibrt  and  housesy 
that  stood  near,  that  so  they  might  be  ready  upon 
occasion.  Having  ordered  provisions  for  them,  £he] 
went  to  every  company  and  ordering  them  to  get 
every  thing  ready :  they  that  had  no  powderl^rns  or 
shotbagS;  should  immediately  make  them ;  ordering 
ihc  officers  to  talte  special  care  that  they  were  ready 
to  morch  into  the  woods  an  hour  before  day;  ai^d 
ulso  directing  the  watdii  to  call  him  two  hours ^q^; 
fore  day.     So  he  hasteneti  to  bed  to  get  isome  rest»:;i 

At  the  time  prefixed  he  was  called  and  presently 
ordering  the  companies  to  make  ready,  and  about 
half  an  hour  before  day  they  moved.  Several  of  the 
town's  people  went  with  them  into  a  thick  place  of- 
brush  about  half  a  mile  from  the  town.  Now  order- 
irig  them  to  send  out  their  scouts  as  they  used  todo^; 
aud  seeing  them  all  settled  at  their  work,  he  went  in- 
to town  by  sunrise  again,  and  desired  the  inhabitants^ 
to  take  care  of  themselves,  till  his  men  had  fitted 
themselves  with  some  nccessr.ries ;  for  his  Indians, 
most  of  them,  wanted  both  bags  and  horns.  So  hja 
ordered  them  to  make  bags  like  wallets,  to  put  pow^ 
der  in  one  end,  and  shot  in  the  other.        >;i  v  - 

So  most  of  them  were  ready  for  action,  ^ti2.,tl|^ 
Seconet  Indians,  but  the  Cape  Indians  were  ver; 
bare,  lying  so  long  at  Boston  before  they  embarke4» 
that  they  had  sold  every  thing  [that]  they  could  make 
aj^nnv  of;  some  tying  shot  and  powder  in  the  cor^ 
ii:i^s  qI*^  th^ir  blankets. 

^^^Ho  being  in  .town,  just  gomg  to  breakfast,  the^ 
was  an  alarnH;  so  he  ordere«l  all  the  soldiers  in  town  W 


';'•  ■'  - 


P^ 


166      ^    FRENCH  AND  INDXAN  WARS. 

move  away  as  fast  as  they  could,  where  the  firintf 
was.  And  he,  with  what  men  more  were  with  him  <n 
his  soldiers^  moved  immediatety.  [They  metf  witfn 
Captain  Bracket's*  sons,  who  tf>kl  [them  thatj]"  their 
father  was  taken ;  and  thut  they  saw  a  great  arniy  of 
Indians  in  their  father's  orchaid,  <&.c.  By  thi-^  time 
our  Indians  that  wanted  bags  a;"d  hornu  were  iKited, 
but  wanted  more  ammunition.  PreserJ  y  came  a 
messenger  to  him  from  the  town,  and  informed  him, 
that  tht.}'  had  knocked  out  the  heads  of  sevrrai  casks 
of  b«nefe<j  and  they  were  all  too  big,  being  nMiehet 
bullets,  and  wcuJd  isi>t  ftt  their  guns,  and  that  if  iie 
did  noil  go  badk  \:<^xv?^^X  a  gr  jsit  part  of  the  army 
wouW  be  kept  btick  firo».n  service  for  want  of  suitable 
bullets. 

He  ran  ba^'k  atsd  ordered  every  vessel  to  send 
ashore  ail  their  casks  of  biHlets ;  being  brought, 
[they]  knocked  out  their  h^l^s,  and  turned  them  all 
out  upon  the  green  by  the  fort,  and  set  all  the  peo- 
ple in  the  town»  ihat  were  able,  to  make  slugs;  being 

'^S%.        *  [and  meeting]  i  [him] 

*  CaL'vim  Anthony  Bracket^  an  early  settler  on  Casco  bay, 
where  vm  posterity  yet  remain.  Notice  is  taken  by  Sullivan, 
116,  that  the  faxiuly  were  considerabie  landholders  in  Fal- 
mouth, between  the  years  1680,  and  1690^  under  a  title  of 
the  government,  si^ed  by  president  Danforth.  lb.  196, 197. 
Whtr.n  Casco  was  destroyea  in  1676,  Captain  Bracket  with 
his  wife  and  one  child  was  taken  by  the  savages.  This  was 
on  the  1 1  August,  and  the  November  following  thejr  made 
their  escape.  Those  that  had  them  prisoners,  landed  them 
on  the  north  shore  of  the  bay,  and  here  their  keepers  had  in- 
tellig'^nce  of  a  valuable  house,  taken  by  another  party,  the 
spoils  o^  which  they  were  eager  to  shar^ci ;  therefore,  leaving 
flracket,  his  wife  and  child,  and  a  negro,  with  some  provf 
sions,  who  promised  that  they  would  come  after,  and  depart 
fA,  They  found  an  old  birch  canoe,  in  which  they  escaf 
i.o  the  other  side  of  the  bay;  *'^here,  only  the  day  before  >  U 
enemy  had  left.  Herethe>  ^t  onboard  a  vessel  i.  .v>  .« 
Pascataqua,  where  they  ar  ,  -^  1  safe.  Hubbard,  29.'?  >  •>  >!>;?., 
What  time  Bracket  returned  to  his  lands  does  not  a- 
Wh«n  Andro^  erected  forts  there  in  1688,  Captaia  J 


<iir« 


firing 
iim  of 


send 


:  ,  ',1".      .;» 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAM».  167 

most  of  them  too  large  for  their  use,  which  had  like 
to  have  been  the  overthrow  of  their  whole  army/ 
lie  ikiding  some  small  bullets,  and  what  slugs  were 
)1ia«k.  and  three  knapsacks  of  powder,  went  imme- 
^iate^ .  to  the  army,  which  was  very  hotly  engaged. 
But  cc&ning  to  the  river  the  tide  was  up ;  he  cSled 
to  his  men  that  were  engaged,  encouraging  them, 
and  told  them  [that]  he  had  brought  more  ammuni- 
ticn  fo  r  them.  An  Indian,  called  Captain  Lightfooty^ 
l;?ad  down  his  gun,  and  came  over  the  river,  taking 
the  powder  upon  his  head,  and  a  kettle  of  bullets  in 
each  hand,  and  got  safe  to  his^  fellow  soldiers. 

He  perceiving  great  firing  upon  that  side  .he  was 
of,  went  to  see  who  they  were,  and  found  them  to  be 
two  of  Major  Church's  companies,  one  of  English 
and  the  other  of  Indians,  being  in  all  about  four  score 
men,  that  had  not  got  over  the  river,  but  lay  firing 
over  our  men's  heads  at-  the  enemy.  He  presently 
ordered  them  to  rally,  and  come  all  together,  and 

Save  the  word  for  a  Casco  man.  So  one  Swarton,  a 
ersey  man,f  appearing,  whom  he  could  hardly  un- 
derstand. He  asked  him  how  far  it  was  to  the  head 
of  the  river,  or  whether  there  were  any  place  to  get 
over  1  He  said  [that]  there  was  a  bridge  about  three 
quarters  of  a  mile  up,  where  they  might  get  oyer. 
So  he  calling  to  his  scldif^rs,  engaged  on  the  other 
side,  that  he  would  soon  be  with  them  over  the 
bridge,  and  come  upon  the  backs  of  the  enemy, 
which  put  new  courage  into  them.  So  they  imme- 
diately moved  up  towards  the  bridge,  marching  very 
thin  ^  Deing  willing  to  make  what  show  they  could; 
shouting  as  th*'^'  ':  ar?:hed.  They  saw  the  enemy 
running  from  th*-  viver  siu3,  where  they  had  made 
stands  witn  w( :  a  to  prevent  ux.y  body  nora  coming 
over  the  river ;  and  coming  to  the  brif  ge,  they  saw 
on  the  other  side,  that  the  enemy  had  laid  logs,  and 

__^M..^aB^v.K.  .       I  II     I  -I r---i — n [TTrrr-WM— ~ — r^^^^- 

*  See  note  9  on  page  100. 

..^i^  i^n  Irishman.'-- *^  i^*?«M-i#  .^^s'^i^^-  u^i'^ 


i.-'*X::"'-V>:_*TU-  ■""' 


W^4 


i^S  fRENCH  AND  lNDiA>'  WARS. 

•tuck  birch  brush  along  to  hide  themselves  from  oiir 
view. 

He  Qjrdered  the  company  to  come  altogether,  l>id< 
ding  them  all  to  run  ailbr  him,  who  would  g9  first ; 
and  that  as  soon  as  they  got  over  the  bridge,  to  scat- 
ter; that  so  they  might  not  be  all  shot  down  to- 
gether; expecting  .he  eneihy  to  be  at  their  stands. 
DO  running  up  to  the  stands,  found  none  there,  but 
were  just  gone;  the  ground  being  much  tumbled 
with  them  behind  the  said  stands.  He  ordiered 
the  Captain  with  his  company  of  English  to  march 
down  to  our  men,  engaged,  and  that  they  should  keep 
along  upon  the  edge  of  the  marsh,  and  himself,  with 
his  Indian  soldiers  would  march  down  through  the 
brush.  And  coming  to  a  parcel  of  low  ground, 
which  had  been  formerly  burnt,  the  old  brash  being 
fallen  down,  lay  very  thick,  and  the  young  brush 
being  grown  up,  made  it  bad  travelling.  But  com- 
ing near  the  back  of  the  enemy,  one  ofhis  men  call- 
ed unto  him,  (their  commander)  and  said,  "  The  ene- 
my run  westward  to  get  between  us  and  th^  bridge." 
And  he  looking  that  way,  saw  men  running ;  and 
making  a  small  stop,  heard  no  firing,  but  a  great 
choppmg  with  hatchets ;  so  concluding  the  fight  was 
over,  made  the  best  of  their  way  to  the  bridge  again  ; 
lest  the  enemy  should  get  over  the  bridge  into  the 
town. 

The  men  being  most  of  them  out,  (pur  ammuni- 
tion lay  exposed)  [and]  coming  to  the  oridge  where 
he  left  six  Indians  for  an  ambuscade  on  the  other^dfe 
o^  the  river,  that  if  any  enemy  offered  lo  come  over, 
they  should  fire  at  them,  which  would  give  him  notice ; 
so  would  come  to  their  assistance.  (But  in  the  way, 
having  heard  no, firing,  nor  shouting,  concluded  the 
ehemV  were  drawn  off.)  He  asked  the  ambu«c'»'^e 
whether  they  daw  any  iindians'?  they  said  "Yes 
abundance."  He  asked  tliem  where  9  They  annwer- 
ed>  that  thsy  ran  over  the  hoad  of  the  river  by  the 


being 


■'1 


iff-'- 


PRSNCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


^^ 


cedar  swamp,  and  were  running  into  the  neck  to- 
wards the  town. 

,v  There  beinebutone  Englishman  with  him,  he  bid 
his  Indian  soldiers  scatter,  [and]  run  very  thin,  tb 
preserve  themselves  and  be  the  better  able*  to  make 
a  discovery  of  the  enemy*  And  soon  cominsr  to 
Lieutenant  Clark's*  field,  on  the  south  side  of  this 
neck,  and  seeing  the  cattle  feeding  quietly,  and  p^- 
ceiving  no  track,  concluded  the  ambuscade  had  told 
them  a  falsehood.  They  hastily  returned  back  to 
the  said  bridge,  perceiving  [that J  there  was  no  noise 
of  the  enemy.  t  - 

He  hearing  several  great  ^uns  fire  at  the  ioW^ 
concluded  that  they  were  either  assaulted,  or  that 
they  had  discovered  the  enemy ;  f-^]^  having  order- 
ed that  in  case  such  should  be,  that  they  should  fire 
some  of  their  groat  guns  to  give  him  notice.  He 
being  a  stranger  to  the  country,  concluded  [that]  the 
enemy  had,  by  some  other  way,  got  to  the  town ; 
whereupon  he  sent  his  men  to  the  town,  and  '  aaself 
going  to  the  river,  near  where  the  fight  hod  beien, 
asked  them  how  they  did,  and  what  was  become  of 
the  enemy  9  [They]Mnformed  him  that  the  enemy 
drew  off  in  less  than  an  hour  after  he  lefl  thorn,  alid 
had  not  fired  a  gun  at  them  since.  He  told  them 
[that]  he  had  been  within  little  more  than  a  ^n 
shot  of  the  back'  of  the  enemy,  and  had  been  upoft 
them,  had  it  not  been  for  thick  brushy  ground,  <&.Ct 

Now  some  of  his  men  returning  from  the  toWli, 
gave  him  the  account,  that  they  went  while  they  sa# 

.  .     ^jj^^  ;,-,3;:%5:  ''[Who]      .:'if:^  '^- 


1*"'" 


*  The  nain6  of  Clark  occurs  early  among  the  first  claiinert 
of  the  soil  in  this  pavt  of  the  country.  To  Thomas  Clark 
and  Rog^r  Spencer,  was  sold  the  island  oif  A.rrowseag)  as  the 
Indians  called  it,  but  \:..  English,  Arro^iike.  It  appeara 
also  that  Clark  posses^e^'  f-  ad^  on  the  main  from  whence  ho 
wasdri^^n  in  1675.  &  ilwa^,  145,  169,  173.  This  if  not 
the  Ml.  .e  .  iay  be  a  relative.  Mather,  Mag.,  524.  inftn^ms  a% 
that  ojiej^i^at,., Clark  wjii  kiUed  h^e  ii»  t»  saliiyia  Mty. 


'..^. 


m 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


the  colours  standing,  and  men  walking  about  as  not 
molested.  He  presently  orH,/ '  ?d  that  all  his  army* 
should  pursue  the  ene'ny,  ^^u;  'ley  told  him  that 
most  of  them  had  spent  their  ammunition ;  and  that 
if  the  enemy  had  engaged  them  a  little  loncer,  they 
miffht  have  come  and  Knocked  them  on  me  head ; 
and  that  some  of  their  bullets  were  so  unsizeable, 
that  some  of  them  were  forced  to  mal^c  ..^u^h  while 
they  were  engaged.  ^, 

He  then  ordered  them  to  get  over  all  the  wounded 
and  dead  men  ipA  to  leave  none  behind,  which  was 
done  by  some  canoes  they  had  got.  Captain  Hallf 
and  his  mea  being  first  engaged,  did  great  service, 
and  suffered  the  greatest  loss  m  his  men.  But  Cap- 
tain Southworth,!  with  his  company,  and  Captain 
Numposh  with  the  oeconet  Indians,  and  the  most  of 
the  men  belonging  to  the  town  all  coming  suddenly 
to  his  relief,  prevented  him  and  his  whole  company 
from  being  cut  00*,  &,c. 

By  this  time  the.  day  was  far  spent,  and  marching 
into  town  about  sunset,  carrying  in  all  their  wounded 
and  dead  men ;  being  all  sensible  of  God's  goodness 
to  them,  in  giving  them  the  victory,  and  causing  the 
enemy  to  fly  with  shame ;  who  never  ^ave  one  shout 
at  their  drawing  off.  The  pocr  inhabitants  wonder- 
iiilly  rejoiced  that  the  Almighty  had  favoured  them 
so  much ;  saying,  tliat  if  Major  Church  with  his  for- 
ces had  not  come  at  that  juncture,  they  had  been  all 
cut  off;  and  said  further,  that  it  was  the  first  time, 

that  ever  the  eastward  Indians  had  been  put  to  flight. 

• «* - 

•  How  numerous  tliis  army  was  is  '-  toldlis,  but  it  proba- 
dIv  consisted  of  near  400  men,  as  his  vr  anteers  number- 
ea  350,  and  these  men  were  joined  by  two  other  companies 
as  mev  '.«ned  in  his  commission  from  ib«  Massachusetts  gov- 
ernment. 

t  Gfe.ptain  Nathaniel  Hall  was  of  the  Massachusetts  where 
the  name  is  very  common  at  this  day.  Mather,  Mag.  If, 
^15,  says,  <<  \ke  had  been  a  valiant  captain  in  the  former  war.*' 

*     I  Captain  Nathaniel  SOttthworth  of  Plymouth  colony.    I 
fin^i  !|o  particulars  of  him. 


* 


r^ 


^i- 


.IT! 

rived 
Thii 
Case 
ancii 
thef 
islan 
by  a 
Sir  ^ 
deac 
assii 
inK 
die*  I 
f 
this  I 


T^S 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARa 


171 


The  said  Church  with  hii  volunteers  were  wonder- 
fully preserved,  having  never  a  man  killed  outright, 
and  but  one  Indian  mortally  wounded,  who  died ; 
several  more  being  badly  wounded,  but  recovered.* 
After  this  engagement  Major  Church,  with  his  for- 
ces, ranging  all  the  country  thereabout,  in  pursuit  of 
the  enemy:  and  visiting  all  the  garrisons  at  Black 
point,f  Spurwink,!  and  Blue  point,^  and  went  up 
Kennebeck||  river,  but  to  little  effect.  And  now 
winter  drawing  near,  he  received  orders  from  the. 
government  of  Massachusetts  bay,  to  settle  all  the 

garrisons,  and  put  in  suitable  officers  according  to 
is  best  discretion,  Cu^d  to  send  home  all  his  soldiers, 
volunteers'  and  transports,  which  orders  he  presently 
obeyed.ir  Being  obliged  to  buy  him  a  horse  to  go 
home  by  land,  that  so  he  might  the  better  comply 
with  his  orders. 

*  The  kiUed  and  wounded  spoken  of  above  as  beinjs 
brought  o  . '  in  canoes,  were  Captain  Hall's  men.  By  this 
statement  .  -^ference  is  only  made  to  the  Plymouth  forces. 
Mather  says,  that  10  or  13  were  killed.    Magnalia,  II,  515. 

'*t  A  short  dibi^ncp  to  the  west  of  Cape  Elizabeth,  in  the 
town  of  Scarborough  1  and  was  called  the  east  parish.  > 

f  "  On  the  west  iiue  of  Cape  Elizabeth  [town]  or  on  the 
east  line  of  Scarborough."  A  small  river  meets  the  sea  here 
of  the  same  name.    Sullivan,  26,  115. 

^  A  little  to  the  west  of  Black  point  and  was  the  west  par> 
ish  of  Scarborough.     lb.  313. 

Q^  Sullivan,  31,  tells  us,  that  this  name,  "  no  doubt^"  is  de- 
rived **  from  a  race  of  Sagamores  of  the  name  of  Kenebis." 
This  noble  and.beautiful  river  enters  the  ocean  to  the  east  of 
Casco  bay,  in  about  38  d.  42  min.,  north  latitude.  It  is  the 
ancient  Sagadahock,  and  is  celebrated  as  the  place  where 
the  first  settlement  was  made  in  Newengland.  It  was  on  an 
island  at  the  mouth  of  said  river,  called  Stage  island,  in  1607, 
by  a  colony  of  100  periaons  in  two  ships  under  the  direction  of 
Sir  John  Popham.  But  the  next  year,  their  chief  men  being 
dead,  the  colony  returned  to  England.  An  earlier  date  is 
assigned  to  the  discovery  of  the  river  by  the  French,  namely, 
in  1604,  See  an  anecdote  of  this  settlement  in  the  Appen- 
dix, No.  XII,  4»>ii-'.#,.!!^'i  ,    .^-ri^  ,'4 

IT  At  this  time,  the  whole  eastern  country  was  saved  by 
this  expedition.    Sullivan,  303.  < 


\i 


-ki. 


'-.-■jif^- 


iia 


FREKCH  AND  INDIAN  WAR& 


The  poor  people,  the  inhabitantt  of  Cosco,  and 
placet  adjacent,  when  thejr  law  [that]  he  was  goiUg 
away  from  them,  lamented  sadly,  and  begged  eaiwi' 
estly  that  he  would  luffier  them  to  come  away  in  the 
transports ;  saying,  that  if  he  lell  them  there,  that 
in  the  spring  of  the  year,  the  enemy  would  come  and 
destroy  them  and  their  families,  6lc,  So  by  their 
earnest  request,  the  said  Major  Church  promised 
them,  that  if  the  government^  that  had  now  sent  him, 
would  send  him  the  next  spring,  he  would  certainly 
come  with  his  volunteers  and  Indians  to  their  reliet; 
and,  that  as  soon  as  he  had  been  at  home,  and  taken 
a  little  care  of  his  own  businesHphe  would  certainly 
wait  upon  the  gentlemen  of  Boston,  and  inform  them 
of  the  promise  [that]  he  had  made  to  them ;  and  if 
they  did  not  see  cause  to  send  them  relief,  to  entreat 
their  honours,  seasonably  to  draw  them  off,  that  they 
might  not  be  a  prey  to  the  barbarous  enemy. 

Taking  his  leave  of  those  poor  inhabitantjs,  some 
of  the  clyef  men  there,  waited  upon  him  to  Black 
point,  to  Captain  Scottaway's*  garrison.  Coming 
there,  they  prevailed  with  the  said  Captain  Scottaw&y 
to  ffo  with  him  to  Boston,  which  he  readily  complied 
with,  provided  the  said  Church  would  put  another  in 
to  command  the  garrison ;  which  being  done,  and 
taking  their  leave  one  of  another,  they  set  out  and 
travelled  through  all  the  country,  home  to  Boston } 
(having  employed  himself  to  the  utmost  to  fulfil  his 
instructions,  last  received  from  Boston ;  which  cost 
him  about  amonth^s  service  over  and  above  what  he 
had  pay  for  from  the  Plymouth  gentlemen.)  And  in 
his  travel  homeward,  several  gentlemen  waited  ^poii 
the  said  Major  Church,  who  was  obliged  to  bear  .tdeir 
expenses.f 

*j  *  No  more  of  this  geatleman  is  found,  than  what  is  given  ia 
tlos  place. 

~t  Whether  this  was  a  general  custom  in  those  days,  ctr  iot, 
I  have  taken  no  trouble  to  ascertain,  but  it  would  eontfibatt 
very  little  to  the  dignity  of  an  office  now.  » «tiif  i|t  # 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


179 


:^  -twl  i 


When  he  came  to  Boston  gentlemen,  he  informed 
them  of  the  miserieB  those  poor  people  were  in,  by 
having  their  provisions  taken  from  them  by  order  of 
the  president,*  6lc.,  then  went  homo. 

[He]  staid  not  long  there  before  he  returned  to 
Boston,  where  Captain  Scottaway  waited  for  his  com- 
ing, that  he  might  have  the  determination  of  the  go- 
vernment of  Boston  to  carry  home  with  him.  [ — y^ 
It  being  the  time  of  the  small  pox  there,  ([-^'l*  Ma- 
jor Church  not  having^had  it)  [he  tookp  up  his  lodg- 
mg  near  the  Court  house,  [and  had]^  tne  first  oppor- 
tunity to  inform  those  gcntlemen%f  the  Court  [of] 
his  business.  [They]*  said  [that]  they  were  very 
busy  in  sending  home  Sir  Edmund,  the  ship  being 
ready  to  sail. 

The  said  Major  Church  still  waited  upon  them, 
and  at  every  opportunity  entreated  those  gentlemen 
in  behalf  of  the  poor  people  of  Cascoj  informing  the 
necessity  of  taking  care  of  them,  either  by  sending 
them  relief  early  in  the  spring,  or  suffer  them  to  draw 
off,  otherwise  they  would  certainly  be  destroyed,  <&c. 
Their  answer  was,  that  they  could  do  nothing  till  Sir. 
Edmund  was  gone.  Waiting  there  three  weeks  upon 
great  expenses,  he  concluded  to  draw  up  some  of  the 
circumstances  of  Casco,  and  places  adjacent,  and  to 
leave  it  upon  the  council  board,  before  the  Gover- 
nour  and  council.  Having  got  it  done,  obtained 
liberty  to  go  up  where  the  Governour  and  council 
were  sittins,  be  informed  their  honours,  that  he  had 
waited  till  bis  patience  was  worn  out,  so  had  drawn 
up  the  matter  to  leave  upon  the  board  before  them, 
which  is  as  follows. 

mTo  the  honoured  Governour  and  council  of  the 

Massachusetts. 
^Gentlemen,     *'^'  *^  .^^  ^^-^    v 

Whereas  by  virtue  of  yours,  with  Plymouth's  de- 
i[and]     9  [and]    3  [taking]     4  [took]    5  [who] 

•  T^mas  DanlbrUi. 

.   --    v^/'.     -v.-,,     .15*  -        .        :  ;.    -,. 


•m;.'  '■:.\ 


:t-    ..i 


:^J^.if     ■;?:-::;-;.-.<-.?' 


iTlIt 


FBKMCB  AND  INDIAN  WARa 


I    r*" 


kItm  nivi  commandi^  I  went  eaitward  in  tho  last;  «x« 
pMition  againH  the  conmion  Indian  oneni)r,  whcroi 
providence  so  ordered  that  we  attacked  their  greatMl 
est  body  of  forces,  toming  then  for  the  destructiodl 
f3i  Falmopth,  which  we  know  inarched  off  repui&ed 
with  considerable  damage,  leaving  the  ground,  andl 
have  never  since  [boenj  seen  there,  or  in  any  place 
adjacent.  The  time  of  the  year  being  then  too  late 
to  prosecute  any  further  design,  and  other  accidents' 
failing  out  contrary  to  my  expectation,  impeded  the 
desired  success.  Upon  my  then  removal  from  the 
province  of  Maindtthe  inhabitants  were  very  soiici^^ 
tQU8  that  this  enemy  might  be  further  prosecuted, 
willing  to  venture  tlieir  lives  and  fortunes,  in  the  said 
enterprise,  wherein  they  might  serve  God,  their  King^ 
and  country,  and  enjoy  quiet  and  peaceable  habita- 
tions. Upon  which  I  promised  to  signify  the  same 
to  yourselves,  and  willing  to  venture  that  little  which 
providence  hath  betrusted  me  with,  on  the  said  ac- 
count.  The  season  of  the  year  being  such,  if 'some 
speedy  action  be  not  performed  in  attacking  them, 
they  will  certainly  be  upon  us  in  our  out  towns,  God 
knows  where,  and  the  inhabitants  there,  not  being 
able  to  defend  themselves,  without  doubt  many  souls 
may  be  cut  off,  as  our  last  year's  experience  wofuUy 
hath  declared.  The  inhabitants  there,  trust  to  your 
protection,  having  undertaken  government  and  your 
propriety ;  if  nothing  be  performed  on  the  said  ac-* 
Qpunt  the  best  way,  undecrcorrection,  is  to  demolish 
ihe  garrison,  and  draw  off  the  inhabitants,  that  they 
may  not  be  left  to  a  merciless  enemy ;  and  that  the 
arms  and  ammunition  may  not  be  there  for  the 
strengthening  of  the  enemy,  who  without  doubt  have 
need  enough,  having  exhausted  their  greatest  store 
in  this  winter  season.  I  have  performed  my  promiisc 
to  tliem,  and  acquitted  myself  in  specifying  the  S^me 
to  yourselves,  Pfot  that  I  desire  to  be  in  any  actioa- 
although' willing  to  serve  my  King  and  country,  and 
may  pass  under  the  eeiisore  of  scandalous  tongues 


■■:^- 


FEENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAR& 


17ft 


in  the  last  expedition,  which  I  hope  they  will  amecd 
on  the  first  opportunity  of  itervice.  I  leave  to  ma- 
ture consideration,  the  loss  of  trade  and  fishery;  the 
war  brought  to  the  doors.  What  a  triumph  it  will 
be  to  the  enemy ;  derision  to  our  neighbours,  beside 
dishonour  to  God  and  our  nation,  and  grounds  of 
frown  from  our  Prince;  the  frustration  of  those, 
whose  eyes  are  upon  you  for  help,  who  might  have 
otherwise  applied  themselves  to  their  King.  Gentle- 
men, this  I  thought  humbly  to  propose  unto  you,  that 
I  might  discharge  myself  in  my  trust  from  yourselves, 
and  promise  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  province,  but 
especially  my  duty  to  God,  her  Majesty,  and  my  na- 
tion, praying  for  your  honours  prosperity,  subscribe, 
ii^i;  ai  J  wu      Your  servant, 

-  "^  BENJAMIN  CHURCHi^^ 

A  true  copy  given  in' at  Boston,  this  6th  cf  February t 
1€69,^  ot  the  Council  Board, 

■W^^i^:^ ^..,^,. ^^^4f^^^'  T-  s,"t^* 

:  Major  Churcli  said,  moreover,  th^t  in  thus,  doing 
he  had  complied  with  his  promise  to  those  poor  peo- 
ple of  Casco,  and  should  be  quit  from  the  guilt  of 
their  blood.  The  Governour  was  pleased  to  thank 
him  for  his  care  and  pains  taken,  then  taking  his 
leave  of  them  went  home,  and  left  Captain  Scotta- 
way  in  a  very  sorrowful  condition,  who  returned 
home  sometime  after  with  only  a  copy  of  what  was 
left  on  the  board  by  the  said  Church.  Major  Church 
not  hearing  any  thing  till  May  following,  and  then 
was  informed,  that  those  poor  people  of  Casco  were 
cut  off  by  the  barbarous  enemy  ;!|:  and  although  they 

*  It  should  be  1690,  or  1689-90.     See  note  1,  on  page  147. 

t  For  whose  name  these  initials  stand  I  have  not  satisfac- 
torily ascertained. 

X  In  May,  1690.  Some  forces  had  just  left  Caseo,  and 
joined  Sir  Wra.  Phips  to  so  against  Portroyal,  when  an  army 
of  four  hundred,  or  more,  French  and  Indians  w<ire  discover- 
ed  about  th«  place.    "  There  was  a  fort  near  the  wat«r»  a|l# 


176 


*&%  > 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAHS. 


''*s  ■ 


ttiade  their  terms  with  Monsieur  Casteen,  who  was 
commander  of  those  enemies,  yet  he  suffered  those 
merciless  savages  to  massacre  and  destroy  the  most^ 
of  them.  >   '^ 

To  conclude  this  first  expedition  East,  I  shall  just^ 
give  you  a  hint  how  Major  Church  was  treated,  al- 
uiough  he  was  commancler  in  chief  of  all  the  forces 
odt  of  Plymouth  and  Boston  government.  After  he 
came  home)  Plymouth  gentlemen  paid  him  hut  foriy*i 
twopoimds,  telling  him,  he  must  go  to  Boston  gen«( 
tlemen  for  the  rest,  who  were  his  employers  as  well 
as  they.  Of  whom  he  never  had  one  penny^  for  all 
travel  and  expenses  in  raising  volunteers,  and  ser-*, 
vices  done ;  except  forty  ahiUinga  or  thereabout,' 
for  going  from  Boston  to  Rhodeisland  on  their  busi- 
ness, and  back  to  Boston  again ;  also  for  sending  a 
man  to  Providence  for  Captain  Edmunds,*  who 
raised  a  company  in  those  parts,  and  went  east  with 
them.  ■-/  ■>,  .,.\.'./  -.vv  .■^:i,^_ , ,  _.  ;■; 

another  on  the  hill,  near  where  the  burying  ground  is,  <ind 
another  on  the. rocky  ground,  south  from  the  place  where  the 
first  meeting  house  stands,"  in  what  was  the  town  of  Fal- 
mouth. That  near  the  burying  ground  was  abandoned  as 
untenable,  and  both  of  the  others  after  some  time  were  car)% 
ried  by  assault.  One  hundred  persons  now  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  enemy.  The  French  commander  promised  the 
carrisons  safety  to  their  persons,  and  liberty  to  go  to  the  next 
English  town,  but  he  kept  his  promise  no  longer  than  while 
he  was  in  possession.  The  wnole  country  hereabout  was 
laid  desolate,  and  presented  s^  most  dreadful  scene  of  ruin. 
The  ground  was  strewed  with  the  bones  of  the  dead,  which 
Church,  on  his  arrival  afterward,  gathered  up  and  buried. 
Hist  Maine,  303.     Magnalia,  II,  534. 

*  The  same  who  is  mentioned  in  Philip's  war,  53.    I  learn 
nothing  of  his  eastern  expedition.  ,!^m^s^*.^fi:r^..i>,^^-,r^.'^ 


04 


f** 


our. 


TRENCH  AND  INDUN  WARS. 


ITT 


THE    SECOND   EXPEDITION   EASY. 


Iff  the  year  1690  was  the  expedition*  to  Caiift*' 
da,f  and  Major  WalleyJ  often  requested  Major  Church 

*  Canada  had  long  been  conridercd  the  source  of  all  th« 
evils  endured  by  the  colonies.  Hence  the  long  train  of  wars 
at  the  expense  of  so  much  blood  and  treasure  to  **  drive  the 
French  out  of  Canada.^'  Sir  William  Phips  was  the  chief 
mover  and  executor  of  this  expedition.  His  fleet,  retarded 
by  unavoidable  accidents,  did  not  arrive  before  Quebeck  un- 
til the  5  October.  The  next  morning,  he  sent  a  summons 
on  shore,  but  received  an  insolent  answer  from  the  Govern- 
our.  The  next  day,  he  attempted  to  land  his  troops,  but  wis 
prevented  by  the  violence  of  Ihe  wind.  On  the  8,  all  the 
effective  men  (13  or  130G)  landed  on  the  island  of  Orleans, 
4  miles  below  the  town,  and  were  fired  on,  from  the  woods, 
by  the  French  and  Indians.  Havine  remained  on  shore  un- 
til the  11,  and  then  learning  by  a  deserter,  the  strength  of 
the  place,  they  embarked  with  precipitation.  In  their  way 
to  Boston,  the  fleet  was  dispersed  in  a  tempest.  Some  of  the 
vessels  were  blown  ofi*  to  the  West  Indies,  one  was  lost  on  an 
island  near  the  mouth  of  the  St.  Lawrence,  and  two  or  three 
were  never  heard  of.  Holmes,  I,  478,  479.  No  provisions 
at  home  had  been  made  to  pay  the  forces,  relying  on  plun- 
der ;  bills  of  credit,  therefore,  were  resorted  to,  which  were 
the  first  ever  used  in  this  country.     Hutchinson,  1, 956,  3d7. 

tThe  derivation  of  the  word  Canada^  being  so  ^rurious  it 
was  thought  that  it  would  be  pardonable  to  give  it  a  place  in 
this  work.  Mr.  Bozman,  in  his  excellent  *'  Introduction  to 
a  History  of  Maryland,"  34,  says  that  it  is  a  traditional!  re- 
port, that  previous  to  the  visiting  of  Newfonndlanti  Ly  Gar- 
tier,  in  1534,  sorae  Spaniards  visited  that  coast  in  search  of 
gold,  but  its  appearance  discouraged  them,  and  they  quitted 
It  in  haste  crying  out  as  they  went  on  board  their  vessel, 
"  Jica  mtda,  Jlca  nada,"  that  is,  in  Finglish,  "  There  is  nolh' 
ing  here."  The  Indians  retained  these  words  in  their  memo- 
ries, and  afterward,  when  the  French  came  to  ♦he  coujntry, 
they  were  saluted  with  the  same  words,  and  mistook  thenf 
for  the  name  of  the  country.  And  in  time  the  first  letter  w«f 
lost,  hence  the  name  Canada.  Sometbinff  amounting  to 
nearly  the  same  thing  may  be  seen  in  Mather's  Magnalia^ 

II,  633'.  ■  -  >.*'*:4'j  .iv.  .'-AiJ'.  f't 

X  John  Walley,  who  had  the  command  of  the  land  fore«^' 
under  Sir  WrMian  Phips,  aeainst  Canada.  An  entire  jonr- 
nal,  kept  by  Walley,  of  that  expeflitipn,  is  preserved  la 


I! 


:V*: 


-I       -r^--Tl  iWi^ftlliriiiiiiBii  in^m,^ 


178 


rlRKKGH  AND  INtWAN  WARS. 


that  if  he  would  not  go  himself  in  that  expedition, 
that  he  would  not  hinder  others.  He  answered  the 
said  Walley,  that  he  should  hinder  none  but  his  old 
soidiefs,  that  used  to  go  along  with  him,  &.c. 
H  The  said  Church  goins  down  to  Charlestown,  to 
take  his  leave  of  some  of  his  relations  and  friends, 
"who  were  going  into  that  expedition,  premised  his 
wife  and  family  not  to  go  into  Boston,  the  small  pox* 
bein£  very  rife  there.  Coming  to  Charlestown,  seve-' 
ral  of  Kis  fntnda  in  Boston  came  over  to  see  him. 
And  the  next  day  after  the  said  Church  came  there, 
Major  Walley  came  to  him,  and  informed  him  that 
.the.  Governour  -and  council  wanted  to  speak  with 
him.  He  answered  him,  that  he  had  promised  his 
wife  and  family  not  to  go  into  Boston ;  saying, 
[that]  if  they  had  any  business,  they  could  write  to 
him,  and  that  he  would  send  them  his  answer.  ^  ^ 
.Soon  after  came  over  two  other  gentlemen  with  a 
message,  that  the  Governour  and  council  wanted  to 
have  some  discourse  with  him.  The  answer  return- 
ed, was,  that  he  intended  to  lodge  that  night  at  the 
Greyhound,  in  Roxbury,  and  that  in  the  morning, 
would  come  to  Pollard'sf  at  the  south  end  of  Bos- 
ion,  which  accordingly  he  did.     Soon  after  he  came 

Hatchiiiflon,  Ap.  1, 470.  He  was  judge  of  the  superiour  court 
of  Massachusetts,  and  a  member  of  the  council.  The  church 
of  Bristol  is  indebted  to  him  as  one  of  it<9  principal  founders. 
I|e  is  re]^vesented,  as  possessing  sweetness  of  spirit,  wisdom 
in  council,  and  'mpartiality  as  a  Judge.  He  died  11  Janua- 
ry, 1719,  aged  68  years. 

*  I  find  no  mention  of  the  Small  Pox  at  this  time  in  Boston 
by  any  author  that  I  have  consulted  ;  but  in  the  Hie^ory  of 
uorcliester  it  is  noted,  page  9.4,  *■*■  that  from  the  first  of  April, 
1690,  unto  the  first  of  July,  1691,  there  died  in  Dorchester 
57  persons  ;  33  of  them  of  the  tmaUpox,  the  rest  of  a  fever.'' 
Hence  from  its  near  vicinity  to  Boston,  no  doubt  it  was  vary 
prevalent  there.  [Having  since  seen  in  Mr.  Snow's  Histo- 
ry oi  Boston,  that  it  did  prevail  there  as  mentioned  in  the 
text.] 

t  A  publick  house,  under  this  name,  is  yet  knoirn  in  Btti» 
Ion,  at  the  golden  ball^  Elm  street. 


'C-6itA^..^r. 


.  'y^^Js'i^&ii^kiii^  -A^iJ^^i  ■ 


FREirCIH  AND  INDIAN  WARS 


179' 


thither,  received  a  letter  from  the  honourable  Cap- 
tain Sewall,*  to  request  hun  to  come  to  the  council. 
The  answer  [that]  he  returned  by  the  bearer  was, 
that  he  thought  there  was  no  need  of  hts  hazarding 
himself  so  much  as  to  come  and  speak  with  thenn; 
not  that  he  was  afraid  of  his  life,  but  because  he  had 
no  mind  to  be  concerned ;  and  further  by  reason 
[that]  they  would  not  hearken  to  him  about  the  poor 
people  of  Casco.  But  immediately  came  Mr.  Max- 
fieldf  to  him,  saying,  that  the  council  bid  him  tell 
the  said  Church,  that  if  he  would  take  his  horse  and 
ride  alor.^  the  middle  of  the  street,  there  might  he 
no  danger.  They  were  then  sitting  in  councilf. 
He  bid  I  him]^  go  and  tell  his  masters  not  to  trouble 
themselves  whether  he  came  upon  his  head  or  his 
feet,  he  was  coming.  However,  thinking  the  re- 
turn was  something  rude,  called  him  back  to  drink 
a  glass  of  wine,  and  then  he  would  go  with  him.  A 
u  So  coming  to  the  council,  they  were  very  thank- 
ful to  him  for  his  coming,  and  told  him,  that  the  oc- 
cacion  of  their  sending  for  him  was,  that  there  was 
a  captive  come  in,  who  gave  them  an  account,  that 
the  Indians  were  come  down,  and  had  taken  posses- 
sion of  the  stone  fort  at  Pejepscot,|  so  that  they 

l[them3  I 

■I  PI       I  " '  '  .1       I  I  I.I  ■  — 

*  Stephen  SewaU,  I  conclude  this  nmst  be,  who  was  com- 
mander of  the  fort  at  Salem.  He  was  a  brother  of  Judge  Se- 
waU, and  sustaitiCd  several  important  offices.^  He  married  a 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Mitchel  of  C«i»bridge>  who  had  17 
children.  He  died  about  the  31  October,  1734  greatly  re- 
spected and  lamc^nted.    Eliot,  N.  E.  Biog.  420.      '    ■    '    ^ 

1 1  learn  nothing  of  this  person.  The  name  is  common  m 
Nevvbampshire. 

*"  j;.  A  fall  of  wjiter  in  the  Androscoggin.  What  the  tiu«»or- 
thography  of  this  word  is,  is  unknown  to  me.  Sullivan  ends 
it  with  a  double  f,  and  again  alters  to  Pe^pscott.  Mather 
has  it  Fechypscot.  Some  authors  write  v  tTiste«d  o^  o  in  the 
termination.  Thus  the  different  ways  aire  brought  under 
the  view  of  the  ;-eader,  that  he  may  employ  which  he  chooMs. 
,The  stone  fort  was  near  the  falls  on  the  uorth  «ide  of  the  ri- 


I  ii 


ii 


'^  1^ 


f'r"' 


*i«-**i«'»jMI"»'m»*i*  y 


tio 


^^ItSNOH  AND  INDIAN  WAttt! 


r 


(•  ' 


yi. 


wanted  hit  advice  imd  thoughts  about  the  matter; 
whether  they  would  tarry  and  kee^  in  the  fort  or 
not  %  and  whether  it  were  not  expedient  to  send 
fome  forces  to  do  some  spoil  upon  them  9  and  fur- 
ther to  know  whether  he  could  not  be  prevailed 
with  to  raise  some  volunteers,  and  go,  to  do  some 
spoil  upon  them  ?  He  answered  them,  |^that]  ho  was 
unwJVhig  to  be  concerned  any  more  ;  it  bemg  very 
difficult  and  chargeable  to  raise  volunteers,  as  he 
four  J  by  experience  in  the  last  expedition.  r  "i 
Bui  they  using  many  arguments  prevailed  So  fkr 
vs!  vli  him,  that  if  the  government  of  Plymouth  saw 
e^^ase  to  send  him*  he  would  go ;  thinking  the  cxpe- 
ditioi  ould  be  short.  [He  then]  took  his  leave  of 
^  them  and  went  home.  ^  ^-^-^mfi^- i:i?t;^^^' 

iv<  In  a  short  time  after,  there  came  an  express  from 
Governour  Hinkley,  to  request  Major  Church  to 
come  to  Barnstable  to  him,  he  having  received 
a  letter  from  the  government  of  Boston  to  raise 
some  forces  to  go  east.  Whereupon  the  said  Major 
Church  went  the  next  day  to  Barnstable,  as  ordered. 
Finding  the  Governour  and  some  of  the  council  of 
war  there,  [who]  discoursed  [with]  him ;  [conclud- 
ed]' that  he  should  take  his  Indian  soldiers,  and  two 
English  Captains,  with  what  volunteers  could  be 
raised ;  and  that  one  Captain  should  go  ou^  of  Ply- 
mouth and  Barnstable  counties,  and  the  other  out  of 
Bristol  county,  with  what  forces  he  could  raise ; 
,  iconcludinff  to  have  but  few  officers,  to  save  charge. 
""^  The  said  Church  was  at  great  charge  and  expense 
in  raising  of  forces.  Governour  Hinkley  promised 
that  he  would  take  care  to  provide  vessels  to  tran- 
sport the  said  army,  with  ammunition  and  provisions, 
by  the  time  prefixed  by  himself;  for  the  govern- 
ment of  Boston  had  obliged  themselves  by  their  let- 

1  [concluding] 

■  ::'*kiiii— — i! ^ , 

N^,  and  was  taken  in  the  spring  of  this  year,  (1690)  aftertbe 
English  had  left  it,  (probahly.)  It  was  4  miles  from  the  wa> 
lers  of  Casco  bay.    Sullivan,  178,  9. 


conct 
rect, 
this 
Chai 


ntvtcn  AN©  ivmtAnwAnn. 


181 


Uft,  to  provide  any  thing  that  was  wantkig.  80  tt 
the  time  prefixed,  Major  Church  marched  down  all 
his  soldiers  out  of  Bristol  county  to  Plymouth,  as  or- 
dered. And  being  come,  found  it  not  as  he  expect- 
ed J  for  there  were  neither  provisions,  amitiumtioii, 
or  trai^sports.  So  he  immediately  sent  m  exprOss 
to  the  Governour,  who  was  at  Barnstable,  to  give 
him  an  account  that  he  with  the  men  were  come  to 
Plymoiith,  aijd  found  nothing  ready.  In  his  return 
to  the  said  Church,  [he]  gave  him  an  account  of  his 
disappointments,  and  sent  John  Lathrop*  of  Barnsta- 
ble in  a  vessel,  with  some  ammunition  and  provi- 
sion on  board,  to  him  at  Plymouth ;  also  sent  him 
word  that  there  were  more  on  board  of  Samuel  Al* 
lingf  of  Barnstable,  who  was  to  go  for  a  transport, 
and  that  he  himself  would  be  at  Plymouth  next  day* 
But  Ailing  never  came  near  him,  but  wetjt  to  Bil- 
lingsgate,! **  Cape  Cod,  as  he  was  informed. 
':  The  Governour  being  come,  said  to  Major  Church, 
that  he  must  take  some  Of  the  open  sloops,  and  make 
spar  decks  to  them,  and  lay  platforms  for  the  soldiers 
to  lie  upon,  which  delays  were  very  expensive  to  the 
said  Church ;  his  soldiers  being  all  volunteers,  daily 
expected  to  be  treated  by  him,  and  the  Indians  at* 
ways  begging  for  money  to  get  drink.  But  he  using 
his  utmost  diligence,  made  what  despatch  he  could 
to  be  gone.    Being  ready  to  embark,  received  his 

'''*  Probably,  the  ancestor  of  some  eminent  men  of  latey 
times  in  Massachusetts.  He  perhaps  was  the  son  of  JofhK 
Lathrop,  who  fled  l5rom  England  in  the  days  of  Berse<^tioii^ 
and  afterward  settled  in  Barnstable.  The  first  John  died  nK 
1653. 

f  It  is  thought  that  this  name  should  have  been  wyittoft 
Allftn.  No  pains  have  been  taken  to  ascertain  any  fhklg 
concerning  this  person,  but  if  what  Dr.  Mather  sayibe  om^ 
rect,  he  is  a  descendant  of  one  Thomas  Allen,  who  c^utt  ioi 
this  country  in  1638,  and  was  afterward  a  mitat^t  in 
Charlestown.    Eliot,  30. 

tlnthetowapfEastham.  :^^-  "* 

••*«>--'l:  ^_        *>■■,"> -'T^  ■''<#<■ 

10   .  ■'*■>-':■  ■■.uVrv 


-t-:-.  .-.  jft^^p^ 


i?*-'^*™. 


j.;j;^,V 


mi.  ■:!iUh.-imiSt»mMm»$umi*<*)Mii 


■ *J 


1«3 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  ISTARS. 


commission,  and  instructions  from  Governour  Hink- 
ley,. which  are  as  follows. 

[The  commission  being  the  same  as  that^  for  the  first  expedi- 
tion is  here  omitted.  It  was  dated  3  September,  1690. 
The  instructions,  also,  differing  only  in  a  few  unimpor- 
tant matters,  are  omitted  to  give  place  to  more  interest- 
ing information.  It  ;uay  be  proper  f  <  notice  the  chief  dif- 
ferenOes.  No  men  of  war  vessels  attended,  nor  was  Church 
directed  to  confer  with  any  persons  except  his  officers.  The 
eight  pottnda  per  head  over  and  above  is  not  mentioned,  and 
are  signed  only  by  Governour  Hinkley.  Date,  the  same  as 
that  of  the  commission.]  

Now  having  a  fair  wind,  Major  Church  soon  got 
to  Piscataqua.*  [Hey  was  to  apply  himself  to  Ma- 
jor Pike,"!'  a  worthy  gentleman,  who  said,  [that]  he 
had  advice  of  his  coming  from  Boston  gentlemen ; 
also,  [that]  he  had  received  directions,  that  what 
men  the  said  Church  should  want,  must  be  raised  out 
of  Hampshire,  out  of  the  several  towns  and  garrisons. 
Major  Pike  asked  him,  how  many  men  he  should 
want  1  He  said,  enough  to  make  up  his  forces  that 
he  brought  with  him,  three  hundred,  at  least,,  and 
not  more  than  three  hundred  and  fifty.  And  so  in 
about  nine  days  time,  he  was  supplied  with  two  com- 
panies of  soldiers.  He  having  been  at  about  twenty 
8hiUing8  a  day  charge  in  expenses  while  there.    Now 

i[who} 

*  The  country  at  the  mouth  of  Pascataqua  river  went  un- 
der the  general  name  of  Pascataqua,  but  since,  the  river  only, 
is  known  by  that  name.  The  word  was  formerly,  and  some- 
times latterly,  spelt  as  in  the  text,  but  an  a  should  take  the 
place  of ».  ^>^?»f^:  .  ' ;,, 

■  t  Major  Robert  Pike  was  a  person  of  distinction.  He  was 
among  the  first  28  counsellors  appointed  by  charter,  for  the 
province  of  Massachusetts  bay,  wno  were  to  hold  their  offices 
until  May  1693,  or  until  otbe-s  should  be  chosen  in  their 
stead.  He  might  be  the  ancestor  of  the  distinguished  Nicho- 
las Pike  of  Somersworth,  to  whom  we  are  much  indebted  for 
the  best  system  of  Arithmetick  that  has  appeared.  An  ac- 
coui^t  might  perhaps  be  found  of  the  family  in  Newhamp- 
AsNtf  tbr  which  I  have  not  hftd  mi  opp^rtttoity. 


lai 


C0| 

wi 
ori 
acl 

tel 

C( 

ml 


I  ^  - 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 

he  received  Major  Pike's  instructions,  which  are 
foUoweth. 


"  Portsmouth,  <  i  JSCewhampahirej  Sept.  9,  16§0. 

To  Major  Benjamm  Church,  Commander  in  Chirf 
qf  their  Majeatiea*  forces,  now  designed  upon  the 
present  expedition  eastward,  and  now  resident  at 
Portsmouth, 

The  Governour  and  council  of  the  Massachusetts 
colony  reposing  great  trust  and  c^^nv  ience  in  your 
loyalty  and  val^'ir,  irom  experience  of  your  former 
actions,  and  of  vod's  presence  with  you  ia  the  same; 
in  pursuance  of  an  order,  received  from  them  com- 
manding it;  these  are  in  their  Majesties'  names  to 
empower  and  require  you,  as  commander  in  chief,  to 
take  into  your  care  and  conduct  these  forces  now 
here  present  at  their  rendezvous  at  Portsmouth;  and 
they  are  alike  required  to  obey  you ;  anu  with  them 
to  sail  eastward  by  the  first  opportunity  to  Casco,  or 

f>laces  adjacent,  that  may  be  most  commodious  for 
anding  with  safety  and  secrecy;  and  to  visit  the 
French  and  Indians  at  their  headquarters  .v^  Ameras- 
cogen,  Pejepscot,  or  any  other  place,  ac^.'^rding  as 
you  may  have  hope  or  intelligence  of  tb o  residence 
of  the  enemy ;  using  always  your  utmost  endeavour 
for  the  preservation  of  your  own  men,  and  the  kill- 
ing, destroying,  and  utterly  rooting  out  pf  the  enemy, 
wheresoever  they  may  be  found;  and  ako,  as  much 
as  may  possibly  be  done,  for  the  redeeming  or  re- 
covering of  our  captives  in  any  places. 

You  being  there  arrived,  and  understanding  your 
way,  to  take  your  journey  brxk  again,  eitho**  by  land 
or  water,  as  you  shall  judge  most  convenient  tor  the 
accomplishing  of  the  end  intended  ;  and  to  give  in- 
telligence "always  of  your  motions,  whensoever  you 
can  with  safety  and  convenience.      .  .     -. 

Lastly.  In  all  to  consult  your  *"r  iii^v-ij,  the  com- 
manders or  commission  officers  of  >r  ji  several  com- 


;  i'-  ft'i'il'i;*!,  ■,;  -ia.*-  - 


W:   ^"-"^ 


**  -.-v  7;.  f ■?:-;■"-* 


IftI 


PEftJ^H  AW    vniAN  WAW. 


iMUiieg,  when  it  mav  ^3  obtained,  the  greater  part  of 
whom  to  determine.  And  so  the  Lord  of  hosts,  th<» 
God  of  armies,  go  along  with  you,  and  be  your  con- 
duct. Given  under  my  hand,  the  day  and  year  above 
Jtadf 

Per  ROBERT  PIKE." 

Being  ready,  they  took  the  first  opportunity,  and 
made  the  best  of  their  way  to  Pejepscot  fort,  where 
they  found  nothing.  From  thence  they  marched  to 
Amerascogen,^  and  when  they  came  near  the  fort, 
Major  Church  made  a  halt,  ordering  the  Captains  to 
draw  out  of  their  several  companies  sixty  of  their 
meanest  Men,  to  be  a  guard  to  the  Doctor,  and  knap- 
aacks,  being  not  a  mile  from  said  fort.  And  then 
moving  towards  the  fort,  they  saw  young  Doneyf  and 
his  wife,  with  two  English  captives.  The  said  Doney 
made  his  escape  to  the  fort,  his  wife  was  shot  down, 
and  so  the  two  poor  'jiptives  were  released  out  of 
their  bondage. 

The  said  Major  Clmi ch  and  Captain  Walton|  made 

^WIIM— ■!■  —  .1  I.-.    ■■    I—    I    ■■    ».l—      ■■■  , _ ■, -      II  I  .1  —       ■■■  ■       II.— I——  ■■■ 

*  This  river  has  its  rise  in  Newhampsbire  and  flowing  east* 
ward  enters  Maine  in  about  44  d.  20  min.  N.  Mather,  says 
this  place  where  they  had  now  arrived  at,  was  40  miles  up 
the  nver.  Mag.  5^8.  Perhaps  few  words  have  been  writ- 
ten more  different  ways,  than  this.  The  authors  of  the 
Newhampsbire  Gazetteer  prefer  that  as  in  the  t^xt,  ex- 
cept, that  they  double  the  g-  and  change  the  last  e  into  i. 
Bat  people  in  general,  that  live  on  said  river,  adopt  the  better 
method  of  Androscoggin. 

t  He  was  an  Indian,  and  all  we  know  of  him  is  found  in  this 
history  ;  except  he  be  the  one  seized  at  Wells,  mentioned  by 
Mather,  II,  545,  and  whose  name  is  signed  Robin  Doney  to 
t|ie  articles  of  peace  at  Pemmaquid  in  1693.     lb.  543. 

X  Col.  Shadrach  Walton  of  Somersworth  N.  H.  A  brave 
and  valuable  officer.  In  the  long  wars  that  followed,  he 
rendered  important  services.  To  recount  his  actions  would 
be  to  write  a  narrative,  much  beyond  the  limits  of  a  note. 
More  particulars  of  him  m^  be  found  in  Penliallow's  history, 
in  I  Kewhampshire  Hist.  Soc.  Collections,  than  in  any  oth- 
er worlc  extant.  He  was  with  Col.  March,  in  1707,  in  an 
ansaeeeMAil  attempt  on  Portroyal.    Here  he  fought  a  body 


•:.l./; 


•>x 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


185 


no  itop,  making  the  best  of  their  way  to  the  fortf 
with  some  of  the  army,  in  hopes  of  getting  to  the 
fort  before  young  Doney ;  but  the  river  through 
which  they  must  pass,  being  as  deep  as  their  arm- 
pits. However  Major  Church  as  oon  as  he  was  got 
over,  stripped  to  his  shirt  and  jacket  ^ng  his 

breeches  behind,  ran  directlv  to  the  fOi,  ng  an 

eye  to  see  if  young  Doney  (who  ran  "  other 

side  of  the  river,)  should  get  there  befo  .  The 

wind  now  blowing  very  hard  in  their  lac  i  they 
ran,  was  jsome  help  to  them  ;  for  several  oi  our  men 
fired  guns,  which  they  in  the  fort  did  not  hear,  so 
that  we  had  taken  all  in  the  fort,  had  it  not  been  for 
young  Doney,  who  got  to  the  fort  just  before  we  did. 
[He]^  ran  into  the  south  gate,  and  out  at  the  north, 
all  the  men  following  him,  except  one.  [They]^  all 
ran  directly  down  to  the  great  river  and  falls. 

The  said  Church  and  his  forces  being  come  pretty 
near,  he  ordered  the  said  Walton  to  run  directly  with 
some  forces  into  the  fort,  and  himself  with  the  rest, 
ran  down  to  the  river,  after  the  enemy,  who  ran  some 
of  them  into  the  river,  and  the  rest  under  the  great 
falls.  Those  who  ran  into  the  river  were  killed ;  for 
he  saw  but  one  man  get  over,  and  he  only  crept  up 
the  bank,  (Jid  there  lay  in  open  sight.  And  those 
that  ran  under  the  falls,  they  made  no  discovery  of, 
notwithstanding  several  of  his  men  went  in  under  the 
said  falls,  and  were  gone  some  considerable  time, 
[but]  could  not  find  them.  So  leaving  a  watch  there, 
returned  up  to  the  fort,  where  he  found  but  one  man 

1  [who]  -^  2[v^h0] 

of  the  enemy  and  put  them  to  flight,  being  the  only  field  offi- 
cer then  on  shore.  Again  in  1710,  he  rendered  important 
service  at  the  same  place,  when  it  was  taken  by  the  arma- 
ment under  Col.  Nicholson.  In  a  note  to  page  119,  in  Pen- 
hallow's  history  it  is  remarked  that  "  He  was  dismissed  from 
service"  (in  1725)  "and  was  succeeded  by  Col.  Thomas 
WestbrooK. "  But  on  what  account  he  was  ditmismd,  wheth- 
er from  age  or  misconduct  is  unknown  tome,,  JlejpjajQlR^ 
tij])pod  no  more  in  Penhallow's  history.    ?  .i*iU*     .*M  4^^jk>i 

:■  :       ■    „  •■'       16*       .    .    •       -•  ■.V-^":v•;..■'■.■^:■'■ 


'AttJj    .      :,        i.  )       -'^■..•■W'il*,. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


1.25 


bills    |2j 

:^  1^  12.0 


12.2 


WE 

U    116 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  MS80 

(716)  872-4503 


% 


<6^^ 


KM 


MftUCH  kHm  INDIAN  WASfli 


I,  ^UKl  ^veral  women  aiid  clnldren  ^  amongitt 
it^m  were  Captain  Hakina'*-  wife  and  Worumbot'f 
#lfei  the  8a6hem  of  that  fort,  with  their  children.  The 
sAid  fiakins  was  saehem  of  Pennacook,|  Who  de^ 

*  Hawkins  or  Hogkins.  This  sachem  had  beeii  tretat^d 
wHh  neglect  by  Govemour  Granfield,  which  in  t>art  may  a6- 
eottnt  for  his  emttity  to  the  English^  i  He  made  a  treaty  with 
tbeiiiki  1686,  which  fierhAps,  was  broken  more  throv^h  the  ne- 
f^ijlence  oithe  Ei^hsh  than  the  wii^  of  Hogkins.  1^  appears 
ro  JMLve  learned  so  mnch  of  the  English  language  as  to  pre- 
tend to'writo  and  read.  Four  letters  from  Anderhis  hand 
ai>6  |)reserTed  in  Belknap,  I,  Appendix,  No.  XLII,  &c.  Otae^ 
df  which,  as  ia  coxiosity}  is  here  printed. 

«JMiiy  16,  1685. 

ttbttOilr  Mr.  Qovernor,  .^  r'-  t    ,.. 

.  Now  this  day  I  com  your  hoioe^  I  want  se  you,  and  t 
biipc  mj  hand  at  before  you  I  want  shake  hand  to  tou  if  your 
wiftrmip  i#hen  pleaM  then  rovL  receve  inj  hand  then  snake 
your  hand  atod  mr  hand,  i  ou  my  friend  because  I  remem^ 
mf  at  old  time  when  live  my  grant  father  aaid  grant  nkHiker 
then  EAf^ishmen  com  this  country,  then  my  grant  father  and 
Englishmen  they  make  a  good  goyenant,  they  friend  allways, 
my  grant  father  leying  at  plaice  caUied  Malamake  reyer,  oth- 
er name  chef  Natukkog  and  Panukkog^  th^t  one  reyer  great 
ttlany  naines,  and  I  brine  you  this  few  skins  at  this  first  tima 
I  win  giye  you  my  friend.    This  all  Indian  hand. 

JOHN  >  HAWKINS,  Sagamore." 

This  letter  is  the  best  written  of  the  four,  and  are  all  yery 
rimiW.  I  copy  it  precisely  as  I  find  it  in  Belknap.  Two  of 
the  others  are  si^ed  John  Ht^kim,  and  one,  J(&.  John 
t^^kim,  the  last  has  no  date,  and  one  is  dated  16  May,  and 
the^  other  two  the  16,  both  having  14  signeips  beside  Hogkm$, 
who*  it  is  probable<were  his  principal  men.  The  name  of 
Hogkins  or  rather  Hawkins  he  received  from  some  Englii^- 
man.  His  Indian  name  was  Hancamagus.  See  N.  H.  Hitt. 
Soc.  Col.  I,  281. 

t  A  sachem  of  the  Androscoggins.  He  was  with  Madoka- 
wando  in  the  celebrated  attack  on  Storer*s  garrison  at  Welhi, 
an  account  of  which  may  be  seen  in  a  succeediidg  note. 

(The  csountry  on  the  Merrimake  river,  indudiug  the  pre- 
iant  town  of  Geneord,  and  the  lands  above  andMlow^nut 
iM^  Aur,  oaninot  be  told  ;  as  those  people  never  set  uiy  par^ 
tkeiiir  boands  to  their  c<mntry,  that  we  know  of.  See  Far- 
ttilf^tieielitotof  the  Pennacook  Indians,  in  N.  H.  Hist.  Soc 
Col.  I,  M8.    The  word  shoold  be  spelt  as  in  the  text,  b«t 


PSBNCH  AKD  INDIAN  WMMB. 


iff 


ed 
it- 
th 

ie»  V  ■•?' 

re- 
nd 
tie 


.^^' 
V^ 


ftroyod  Major  Waiden  and  Ms  famityy  Mmie  tmn 
befofe,  &c. 

Tlie  said  two  women,  vk.  Hakins*  and  Wonimbot' 
wives  requested  the  said  Church,  that  he  would  spare 
them  end  their  cfiildren's  lives ;  promising  upon  that 
condition,  [that]  he  should  have  all  the  captives  that 
were  taken,  and  in  the  Indians'  hands.  He  asked 
them  how  many  9  They  said,  about  four  score.  So, 
upon  that  condition,  he  prbmised  them  their  lives, 
&.C.  In  the  said  fort  there  were  several  English  cap- 
tives, who  MTere  in  a  miserable  condition.  Amongst 
them  was  Captain  Hucklng's*  wife,  of  Oyster  fiver.f 

Major  Church  proceeded  to  examine  the  man, 
taken,  who  gave  nim  an  account,  that  mo^t  of  tte 
fijghting  men  were  gone  to  Winterharbour,}  to  pro- 
vide provisions  for  the  bay  of  Fundjr^  Indians,  wlu> 

the  author Jugt  cited,  leaves  oat  one  n.  SoUiyan  writes  JPen- 
nycook.^  Belknap,  whom  many,  justly  in  most  rei^iects,  fol- 
low, writes  it  as  in  the  text,  with  the' omission  <^  one  >»,  as 
does  Mather,  whom  he  foUows.  >  v :  ;    < 

*  Httcking^'s  garrison  was  taken,  ahont  tihe  last  of  Aueust, 
'1689,  in  wmsfa  were  a  few  women  and  hoys.  The  Indians 
had  heen  in  amhush  f<Mr  a  number  of  days,  until  they  had  as- 
certained how  many  men  belonged  to  the  garrison,  then  as 
they  all  went  out  into  the  field  one  day,  the  Indians  ctit  <^ 
their  retreat,  and  killed  them  all  excepting  one,  who  escap- 
ed, being  18  in  all.  They  then  went  to  tbe  garrison  and  de- 
manc^  a  surrender,  but  the  boys  at  £i^t  refused,  and  some 
^hting  was  done ;  at  length  they  surrendered  on  terms  of 
life,  &c.  The  assailants  found  means  to  fire  the  garrison, 
which  hastened  the  surrender.  Mather,  Mag.  II,  515.  This 
woman  i9  supposed  to  be  the  wife  of  the  owner  of  the  gar- 
rison. 

t  Now  Durham.  The  c<wntry  thereabout,  wss  formerly 
known  by  this  name. 

,   I  At  the  month  of  Saco  river  in  Maine. 

§  A  large  bay,  sometimes  called  Frenchman's  bay,  contain- 
ing the  island  Mountdesert,  8  or  10  miles  to  the  eastward  of 
the  mouth  of  Penobscot  river.  Sullivan,  5? ,  informs  us,  that 
it  took  the  name  of  Frenchman's  bay,  from  this  circumstance. 
That  with  Demotte  came  over  to  America  one  Nicholas 
D'Aubri,  a  French  ecclesiastic  of  reqiectabilitjr,  who  went 
on  shore  on  the  west  side  of  the  bay,  and  wandering  into  the 


188 


FRSHCH  AND  INDIAN  WASS. 


w«re  tocomdimdjoin  withth<;mtofijEhttlie  English. 
The  soldiers  being  very  rude,  would  hardly  spare  th^ 
Indian's  life,  while  in  examination ;  intending  when 
he  had  done,  that  he  should  be  executed.  But  Cap- 
tain Hucking-s  wife,  and  another  woman,  down  on 
their  knees,  and  begged  for  him,  saying,  that  He  had 
been  d  means  to  save  their  lives,  and  a  great  many 
more  \  and  h|id  helped  several  to  opportunities  to 
run  away,  and  make  iheir  escape ;  and  that  never, 
since  he  came  amongst  them,  had  fought  against  the 
English,  but  being  .'.related  to  Hakins'  wife,  kept  at 
the  fort  with  them,  having  be^n  there  two  years ;  but 
bis  living  was  to  the  westward  of  Boston.  So,  upon 
their  request,  his  life  was  spared,  &c. 

Next  4l^  the  said  Church  ordered  that  dl  their 
corn  should  be  deitroyed,  being  a  great  quantity; 
saving  a  little  for  the  two  old  squaws,  which  he  de- 
sigpnteo  to  l<^aye  at  the  fort,  to  give  an  account  who 
he  yrtai,  and  &om  whence  he  came.  The  re^t  being 
knocked  on  the  head,  except  the  aforementioned 
for  an  example ;  ordering  tliem  all  to  be  buried 
Having  inquired  where  all  the^  best  beaver  was  9 
they  said  [thatt]  it  was  carried  y  to  make  a  pre- 
sent to^th^  bay;  of  ^undy  Indians,  who  were  coming 
to  their  assistance. 

Now  being  ready  to  draw  off  from  thence,  he 
cidled  the  t#o  old  sqt^aws  to  him,  and  gave  each  of 
thein  a. kettle,  and  some  biscuit,  bidding  them  to  tell 
the  IndianS)  when  they  came  home,  that  he  was 
known  by  the  name  of  Captain  Church,  and  lived  in 
the  westerly  part  of  Plymouth  government ;  and  that 
those  Indians  that  came  with  -  him  were  formerly 
King  Philip's  men,  and  that  he  had  met  with  them 
in  Philip's  war,  and  drawn  them  off  from  him,  to 

WfHidsin  search  of  curiosities,  was  lefl  hj  the  boat  to  bis  fate. 
After  three  weeks  he  was  found  by  a  boat  from  the  same  ves> 
sel,aiBrait  emaciated.  From  which  circumstance  it  receiv- 
ed^the  above  appellation.  Bat  the  waters  between  Nova- 
seotia  and  the  main  are  generally  understood  to  make  the 
bayofFfindy. 


! 


m 


s 


fate. 

Ives- 

BIV- 

lofra- 


f p^OT  Aim  mouN  if^4li6*       m 

4ghtfo  t|M9  Bngliflh/iigmBt  the  nid  Philip,  andto 
aiipci«te«>  who  then  promlaed  him  to  fiffht  for  the 
English,  as  long  as  they  had  one  enemy  left.  Aitd 
aaiq,  that  *  they  did  not  question,  but  bielbre  Indian 
corn  was  ripie  to  have  Philip's  heaid  ;'*,  notwithstand- 
ing [Philip^  had  twice  as  many  men  as  ^ere  in  their 
country  |  and  that  theyf  had  killed  and  taken  one 
thousand  three  hundred  and  odd  of  Philip's  moi^} 
women  and  children,  and  Philip  himself,  wi|h  several 
other  sachems,  dE.c. ;  and  that  they  should  tell  Ha- 
kins  and  Worumbos,  that  if  they  had  a  mind  to  see 
their  wives  and  children,  they  should  come  to 
Wellsl  garrison,  and  that  there  they  might  Iwar  of 
them,  4E&C. 

Mi^or  Church  having  done,  moved  with  dl  1^ 
forces  down  to  Mequait,^  where  the  transports  weif , 
(but  in  the  way  sense  of  his  soldiers  threatened  the 
Indian  man  prisoner  very  much,  so  that  in  a^c^ 
8w«np,  he  gave  them  the  slip  and  got  apay)  aod 

Uhel 

•  See  ]Hitlip*s  war,  page  88. 

'^'fThcEiiglisli. 

i  Webhannet  was  the  Indian  name  of  Wells.  This  t«fwn 
is  on  the  sea  boaid  aboot  halfway  between  York  and  Smo, 
being  IS  miles  from  the  f<mner.  Sttorer's  giurrisoii  was  in 
this  town»  which  if  mm  near  where  the  old  meeting  house 
stckjd,  and  nearly  hailf  a  mile  south  of  the  i^resent  ulae^of 
piri>liefc  wohAiip,  and  WM  standing  nnee  the  year  17m  {HjA- 
ulrui,  386.  The  town  soffiBred  greatly  by  4ihe  aavagcp. 
About  500  French  and  Indians  m^  a  desjpersfte  aJttem{»t^on 
the  garrison,  in  May,  1691»  and  though  it  bad  but  15  men,  by 
the  valour' of  the  commander.  Captain  Converse,  and  this 
ftlw,  they  were  repulsed.  A  sloop  happened  to  iffriTe 
just  before  the  engagement,  which  was  a  hj^lp  to  them, 
alth<nigh  they  fought  on  board  their  vessels.  A*  hag  was  sent 
to  CSm.  Converse,  to  persuade  hiiA  to  surrender ;  at  Mis  re^ 
fiising,  the o&cer said,  "We will  eut 5rott up m ^ne  as tobae- 
CO  befbre  to-morrow  morning."  He  bid  them  "come  on  for 
he  wanted  work.**    Magnalia,  li,  (9^ 

§  A  small  bay  or  cove  in  Gasco  bay.  It  is  geiiMral^  writ- 
ten Maqooit.  Mather,  and  after  him  Belknap  wrote  Bfao- 
quoit 


190 


FilENCH  AND  INDIAN  WA&0. 


whien  ihe^iltl  got  on  board  the  trimiportlj  ^%iiid 
being  fiui*,  made  liie  heni  of  their  way  fixr'll^iiter- 
harbour ;  and  the  next  morning  before  day,  and  as 
foon  as  the  day  afipeared,  they  discovered  some 
smokes,  rising  towards  Skaman'ib*  gf^ison.  He 
immediately  sent  away  a  scout  of  sixty  men,  ahd 
followed  preilently  with  Uie  whole  body.  The  scout 
coming  near  ativer  disdqveted  the  enemy  to  be*oh 
the  other  side  of  the  river.  But  three  of  the  enemy 
Were  come  over  the  river,  to  the  same  side,  [-^r 
iirfaieh  the  scout  was  of,  [but  discovering  the  fecbut^ 
ran  hastily  down  to  their  tfuioe.  One  of  which  lay 
at  each  end,  [^— P  and  the  third  st€>od  up  to  paddle 
over.  The  scout  fired  at  them,  and  he  that  paddled, 
"fell  dowii  upon  the  canoe,  and  broke  it  to  pieces,  so 
tlMtiBii  three  perished. 

The  firing  put  the  eiiemy  to  the  run,  who  left 
their  canoes  and  provisions  to  ours.  And  old 
!Doiiey,f  and  one  Thomas  Baker,  ah  Englishoaan, 
who  was  a  prisoner  amongst  them,  were  up  at  the 
falls,!,  and  heard  the  guns  ^  fire,  expected  the  other 
Indians  were  come  to  uieir  assistance,  so  came  down 
the  river  in  a  canoe.  But  when  they  perceived  that 
there  were  English  as  well  as  Indians,  old  Doney 
ran  the  canoe  ashore,  and  ran  over  Baker's  head, 
m^  followed  the  rest;  i^d  then  BiOier  came  to  oiirs, 
«iid  gave  an  account  of  the  beaver^  hid  at  Pejepscot 
plain.^  And  coming  to  the  place  where  the  plunder 
was,  tne  Major  sent  a  scout  to  Pejep^ot  fort,  to 
siee  if  they  could  make  any  discovery  of  the  enemy's 
tracks,  or  could  discover  any  coming  up  the  river. 
I  [clothe  river]  9v|of  the  canoe] 

*  This  was  on  tlm  east  side  of  Saco  river«  abtmt  two  miles 
below  the  falls.  Sullivan,  190,  The  nam^  should  be  spelt 
ScamnuNi.    lb. 

t  Father  of  young  j^oney.       t  The  foils  in  the  Saeo. 

'^||  In  Brunswick. 


''i1 ;' 


FR£NCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


m 


miles 
spelt 


[TheyP  returned,  and  said  [that]  they%aw  ndtliwg 
but  our  old  tracks  at  the  said  fort,  &fC, 

Now  having  sot  some  plunder,  one  of  the  Cafi<> 
tains'*^  said  [that]  it  was  time  tp  go  home,.and'>ev9* 
ral  others  were  of  the  same  mind.  The  Major  li^tir 
ing  much  disturbed  at  this  motion  of  theirs,  c^xpee)^ 
ing  the  enem^  would  come  in  a  very  diort  tinie, 
where  they  might  have  a  great  advantage  of  them» 

Notwithstanding  all  he  could  say,  or.  do,  he  w«s 
obliged  to  ci^U  a  council,  according  to  his  instruc- 
tions, wherein  he  was  outvoted.  The  said  conmian- 
der  seeing  [thai]*he  was  put  by  of  his  intentionst 
proffered,  [UiatJ^if  sixty  men  would  stay  with  him^ 
he  would  not  embark  as  yet;  but  all  he  could  say  or 
do,  could  not  prevail.  Then  they  moved  to  the  ves- 
sels, and  embarked,  and  as  they  were  going  in  the 
vessels,  on  the  back  side  of  Mayr  point,f  they  discov- 
ered eight  or  nine  canoes,  who  turned  short  about, 
and  went  up  the  river ;  being  the  same  Indians  that 
the  Miajor  expected,  and  would  have  waited  jR>f. 
The  aforesaid  Captain  being  much  disturbed  al  what 
the  Major  had  said  to  him,  drew  off  from  the  fleet, 
and  in  the  night  ran  aground. 
'  Ijn  the  morning  Anthony  Bracket,  having  been 
advised  and  directed  by  the  Indian  that  had  mii«^ 
his  escape  from  bur  force^,  came  down  near  lyh^re 
the  aforesaid  vessel  lay  aground,  and  got  aboard^ 
[He]^  has  proved  a  good  pilot  and  Captain  for  his 
country.  The  next  day  being  very  calm  and  mi^ty, 
1  [who]  9  [who] 

*  From  what  follows  we  may  suppose  this  to  be  ime  of  the 
Captains  from  Plymouth  government.  But  as  there  were 
two,  We  cannot  be  positive  which  was  meant,  and  hut  one  is 
nbmed|jf^et^  another  circumstance  mi^t  induce  us  to  sup- 
pose %ipfwhan^shir^  Captain  is  meantVwere  it  not  said  that 
the  Pm|DUth  fcHTces  sailed  fir^. 

'  t  Vnuiflt,  in  Sullivan's  history,  it  is  thought,  is  called  Mei^ 
ryconeaxi  It  is  a  point  in  the  east  part  of  Casco  ba;jr.  Ma* 
tner  calu  it  Mares  point,  II,  557. 


( 


Id9 


FRiBNCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


sa^lhat  they^ere  all  day  getting  down  from  Maqnait 
to  Perpodack,*  and  the  masters  of  the  vessels  think- 
ing it  not  safe  prutting  out  in  the  night,  so  late  in 
thl9^  te^,  anchored  there.    [— ]^  The  vessels  being 
nraeli  crowded,  the  Major  oraered  that  three  compa- 
nfi^  should  go  on  idiore,  and  n6  more.    Himself 
with  Captain  Conversef  went  with  them  to  order 
their 'lodging.    And  finding  just  .houses  cohvenieni 
for  them,  viz.,  two  bams  and  'one  house ;  [and]*  * 
setting  th^m  all  settled,  and  their  watches  out,  theF' 
Maj6r  and  Captain  Converse  returned  to  go  on 
bOara/    And  coming  near  where  the  boat  was,  it 
was  pteiiy  dark,  they  discovered  some  men,  but  did^ 
not  know  what  or  who  they  were.    The  Major  oi'-fv 
d^red^  tll^e  that  were  with  him,  all  to  clap  down 
and -cock  their  guns,  aiid  he  called  out,  and  asked 
them  who  they  were  1   And  they  said,  "Indians.*V 
Hef  asked  them  whose  men  they  were  ?  They  said^' 
"Captain  Southworth's."    He    asked  them   where, 
thev  intended  to  lodge?  They  said,  <<In  those  lit-^ 
tie  huts  that  the  enemy  had  made  when  they  took 
that  jgarrison."]: 

The  Major  told  them  [that]  they  must  not  make 
any 'fires,  for  if  they  did,  the  enemy  would  be  iipoh 
them  before  day.    They  laughed,  and  said,  "Our 
Major  is  afraid."    Having  given  them  their  direc-;,. 
tions,  heV  with  Captain  Converse,  went  on  board  the" 
1  [at  Perpodack]  '  [«>] 

*  la  the  town  of  Gape  Eliasabeth,  6  or  8  mileB  from  F(Krti>« 
land.    It  is  also  known  by  the  name  of  Spring  point. 

t  Captain  James  Converse.  A  distuigiushed  partisan. 
No  conunander  deserved  better  of  their  country  thui  he. 
Beside  his  singular  bravery  in  defending-  the  garrisow  at 
Wells,  mentioned  in  note  9,  on  page  189,  the  history  of  this 
w«  abonnds  with  hisexpbit^;  to  enumerate  wbicb  woidd 
far  exceed  the  limits  of  Ihis  note.    See  Magnalia,  U,  529,  &ei 

X  I  can  find  no  account  of  the  Indiuis  taking  a  garrison 
here  astil  Ufter  tins.  In  Queen  Ann's  or  Yillebon's  wat  seve* 
ral  persons  were  kiHed  and  some  fiuonilies  canned  into  captivi'^ 
ty,    Sullivan,  196. 


WtaaXOH  AMD  INDIAN  UTi^UK. 


ms 


n 


I'*!- 


Uuf  doop,  designuff  to  write  hoim.  Mid  mmmM 
flMnr  in  the  Moniiiig  tbo  turo  iloopi  wuck  hid^ite 
imaUpoiop  board,  dtc.  ) 

But  before  dav  oqr  Indiani  began  to  siaka  6tet, 
and  to  ling  and  dance.  So  tbe  Muoi  jaidled  to 
Captain  Soothworth  to  so  ashore  and  iooki  dMr  hia 
men,  fi>r  the  enemy  would  be  upon  them  by  and;  b jr. 
He  ordered  the  boat  to  be  hailed  up,  to  ea»y  hiaa 
ashore,  and  called  Captain  Converse  to  g^  with  hitti ; 
and  just  as  the  day  began  to  appear,  ist  the  Major 
was  getting  into  the  boat  to  so  ashore,  the  eneasy 
^ed  upon  our  men,  ithe  In£ans)  notwithstanding 
that  one  Philip,  an  Indian  of  ours^  who  was  out  up 
on  the  watch,  heard  a  man  oougb,and  the  stieas 
orach,  [6nd]^  gave  the  rest  an  accoulit,  thit  fa««ttw 
Indians,  which  they  would  not  believe  9  but  aaidi^to 
him,  **  You  are  afraid."  His  answer  wap^^hatiihey 
miffht  see  them  come  Creeping.  Tfa«f  laiigiml  ami 
said,  [that}  they  were  hogs.  *<  Ah,"aaidle^^nMl 
they  will  bite  you  by  and  by.'*  So  presently  they, 
did  &te  upon  our  men.  But  the  morning  beini^  jms» 
ty,  their  guns  did  n«»t  go  off  quioh,  so  tmt  our  men 
had  all  time  to  fall  dovm  befif>re  their  gimi  went  off, 
and  saved  themselves  "^m  that  voll&y,  except  om^ 
man,  who  was  killed. 

This  sudden  liring  apcMi  our  Indian  soldiers^  mif^ 
prised  them  {soj  that  mey  left  their  frm%  but  sbon 
recovered  them  again,  and.  got  do/Vii<  the  bank^ 
which  was  but  low.  Thei  Major,  with;  «^  the  ^roaa 
on  board  landed  as  ftst  as  (hey  could^  the  «Bcnly 
firing  smartly  at  .them;  however  all;  got  Safe  ashoroj 
The  enemy  had  a  great  advantage  of  .our  foroe%: 
iHto,  were  between  we  Jnin':]  rising  and^he  on^my, 
so  ^at  if  a  man  put  up  his  head  or  handlhey  coidil 
see  it,  and  would  fire  at  it.  However,  sotfi^r  ^^rithr 
the  MajoTi  got  up  the  bmk^  behind  stianj^iii^ 
rocks,  to  have  the  advantage  of  firing  ai#i6  enany 
But  when  the  sun  was  riseH,  tha  ftlajor  |dtipp9d 

.   'itirhol  ,  ';'\ 

17 


IM 


WBUKOa  AND  INDIAN  WABB. 


t 


4ofwn  the  btiik  again,  where  all  the  forcei  wenp  d^ 
teed  to  dbserve  his  motion,  viz.,  that  he  w^itid 
give  three  shouts,  and  then  all  of  them  shoiild  run 
with  hiin.«p  the  banki  # 

<  So,  when  he  had  given  the  third  shout,  [he]  ran 
up  the  bank,  and  Captain  Converse  with  him,  but 
fnien  the  said  Converse  perceived  that  the  forces  did 
not  follow,  as  oommanded,  called  to  the  Major,  and 
told  him  [ihat]  the  forces  did  bpt  follow.  [He,p 
notwithstanding  the  enemy  fired  smartly  at  him,  got 
safe  down  the  bank  again ;  and  rallying  the  forces  up 
the  bank,  soon  put  tiie  enemy  to  fliffht.  And  fol- 
lowing tl^m  so  close,  that  they  took  thirteen  canoes, 
and  one  lasty  man,  who  had  Joseph  Ramsdel*B  scalp 
byhis  si»ie.  [He]'  was  taken  by  two  of  our  Indians, 
and  hai?ing  his  deserts,  was  himself  scalped. 

Thb  bein^  a  short  and  smart  fight,  some  of  our 
jMen  were  -  killed  and  several  wounded.  Sometime 
aAer,'an  Englishman,  who  was  prisoner  amonsst  theni, 
gaine  an  aecpunt,  that  our  forces  had  killed  and 
wounded*  several  of  the  enemy,  for  they  killed  seve- 
ral prisoners  according  to  custom,^  &c. 
.i.After  this  action  was  over,  our  forces  embarked 
for  Fiaoataqua.  The  Major  went  to  Wells,  and  re- 
moved the  Captain  there,  and  put  in  Captain  Andros, 
who  had  be«i  with  him ;  and  knew  the  discourse  left 
with  Itie'  two'  old.  squaws  at  v^erascogen,  for  Hahins 
and  Worumbos  to  comie  there  in  fourteen  days,  if 
they  had  a  mind  to  hear'  of  their  wives  and  children ; 
who  did  then,  or  soon  after  come  with  a  flag  of  truce 
to  said  Welle  garrison,  and  had  leave  to  come  in,  and 
more  appearing  came  in,  to  the  number  of  eigl^, 
^without  any  terms)  being  all  chief  Sachems.-  f'FhejIfl 
were  veiy  glad  to  hear  of  the  women  and  children^ 
vir.,  Haains  and  Worumbos*  wives  and  children. 
[They]^  aU  said  three  several  times  that  they  would 
u       i|Wh6]       aCwfao]        8  [and]        *  [who} 

*  It  was  laid  to  be  a  caetoni  among  most  of  the  Indian  nt^ 
tioDi,  to  kill  as  many  pri8on»»S  at  they  lost  in  battle. 


w'al&i'ilrt.* 


I  ?Tirri>ii,-Mii. 


lid  run 

he]  ran 
on,  but 

cet  did 
|or,  and 
[He,P 
im,  got 
roes  up 
nd  fol- 
canoes, 
B  scalp 
iidiansy 

of  our 
tnetime 
it  them, 
3d  aiid 
d  seve- 

barked 

Endre- 
ndros, 
seleft 
lakins 
lys,  if 
Idren ; 
fruce 
n,  and 


ktreni 
Idren. 
would 

■  1 « 
an  n«!« 


rftBNGH  ANC  INDIAN  WARS. 


IH 


iitfftf  fight  aji^si  the  EngKsh  any  more,  for  the 
Ffonch  made  rools  of  them,  ^c.  They  saying  aa  they 
did,  the  said  Andros  let  them  go. 

Major  Church  being  come  to  Piscataqua,  and  two 
of  his  trans^rts  havin||[  the  small  pox  on  board,  and 
aeveral  of  his  men  having  got  great  colds  by  their 
hard  service,  pretended  [that]  they  were  going  to 
hare  the  small  pox;  thinking  by  that  means' to  be 
sent  home  speedily.  The  Major  being  willing  to  try 
them,  went  to  the  gentlemen  there,  and  desired  them 
to  provide  a  house;  for  some  of  his  men  expected 
[that!  they  should  have  the  small  pox ;  which  [th^] 
readily  did,  and  told  him,  that  the  people  belonging 
to  it  were  just  recovered  of  the  small  pox,  andliad 
been  all  at  meeting,  &.C.  ' 

The  Major  returning  to  his  officers,  ordered  them, 
to  draw  out  all  their  men  that  were  going  to  have  tius 
small  pox,  for  he  had  provided  an  hospital  for  them; 
So  they  drew  out  seventeen  meUj  that  hiid,  as  th^ 
said  all  the  symptoms  of  the  small  pox.  He  ordered 
them  all  to  follow  him,  and  coming  to  the  houses  he 
asked  them  how  they  liked  it?  They  said,  ''Very 
well.*'  Then  he  told  them  that  the  people  in  the 
said  house,,  had  all  had  the  small  pox,  and'  were  re- 
covered; and  that  if  they  went  in,  they  miist  not 
come  out  till  they  [had]  all  had  it*  ^hereupon 
they  all  prc^c^ntly  began  to  grow  better,  and  to  make 
excuses,  except  oiiemian  who  desired  to  stay  b^  till 

night  before  he  went  in,  &0v  w  fr; 

^  The  Major  going  to  the  gentlemen,  told  them,  that 

'  one  thing  more  would  work  a  perfect  cure  upon  ^his 

^j^n,  which  Was  to  let  them  go«home;  which  *did 

^frork  a  cure  upon  all,  except  one,  and  he  had  not  the 

smaJl  pox.    So  he  ordered  the  plunder  to  be  divided 

forthwith,  and  sent  away  all  the  Plymouth  forces. 

But  the  gentlemen  there  desired  him  to  stay,  and 

they  would  be  assisting,  to  him  in  raising  new  forces, 

t6  the  number  of  what  was  sent  away";  and  that  they 

would  sena  to  Boston  for  provisions,  which  -they  dtif 


'  l\ 


FABlfOH  AMD  INBUIT  W4M 

•ad  ftnt  Captain  Plaiatad*  to  tba  QoTemour,  and 
•mmotl  at  Botton,  d^c. 

And  in  the  mean  time,  the  Major  with  thoie  gfi^ 
tlenen  weni  into  all  those  parti,  and  raised  a  siifli- 
eient  number  of  men,  both  officers  and  soldiers* 
FThey^]^  aU  met  at  the  bonk^  on  the  same  dHy  that 
Captain  Plaisted  returned  from  Boston.  [The]*  re* 
^tiiTn  from  the  Boston  gentlemen  was,  that  the  Canada  « 
expedition  had  drained  them  so  that  they  could  do 
no  more.  So  that  Major  Church,  notwithstanding 
be  had  been  at  considerable  expenses  in  raising  said 
Ibrees  to  serve  his  King  and  country,  was  obliged  to 

Ipve  them  a  treat  aM  dismiss  them.  Taking  his 
eave  of  them,  [he]  came  home  to  Boston  in  the 
Mary  sloop,  Mr.  Alden|  master,  and  Captain  Con* 
verse  with  him,  .on  a  Saturday.  And  waiting  upon 
the  Ooremour,  and  some  of  the  gentlemen  in  Boston, 
they  looked  very  strange  upon  uem,  which  not  only 
tioitUed  them,  but  put  tliem  in  some  consternation ; 
[wondering]  what  tne  matter  should  be,  that  ailer  so 
much  toil  and  hard  service,  [they}  could  not  have 
l[who]  i[wbo8e]  « 

*  The  name  df  plaisted  is  found  ijn  the  earlier  and  later 
'  wars  as  well  as  in  this.  A  letter  IWun  Roger  Plaisted  to 
If  Ij.  Waldrott,  who  was  killed  at  Salmon  falls,  1675,  show- 
iMr  his  desperate  situation,  is  printed  in  Hubbard,  381. 
Whalher  this  was  a  son  or  not  is  not  known  to  me,  but  from 
thf  anthini  just  cited  diould  conclude  that  it  was  not.  Per- 
haps he  was  a  hear  connexion.  In  17  IS,  a  Mr.  Plaisted  wm 
taaen  at  Wells,  and  ransomed  for  ^00  poundsr 

''f  By  the  bank  I  suppose  is  meant,  that  part  <^the  town  of 
PectiiBQttth,  including  Church  hill,  formerly  called  Straw* 
bSsil|^k»  and  waS  a  general  appellation  for  the  toff  n.      ^ 

■:  ■■  %  inJHrlpme  mentioned  fiurther  on,  as  old  Mr.  Alden,  awl^ 
Capt.  Aldsn.  He  lived  at  Boston,  and  was  one  of  the  accus- 
ed u)  the  oj^lebrated  toiieh  t^e,  and  was  committed  fo  prison 
Ji^  Hawthorn  and  Oidney,  31  May,  1699,  where  he  remained 
Is.  weeks ;  at  the  end  of  which  time  he  made  his  eseajw.  He 
allsfwifds  returned,  and  none  appearing  against  him,  was 
ekwsd.  See  Cale(*s  "  More  Wonders  of  the  Invisihis 
^wld,*>S10t0U4. 


teiV  vA',witi!7iiM:isr:^mr%\r;''rT'''<i^m' 


VUMCH  AND  IHDIAN  WieRf. 


109 


re- 


feo  mabh  as  ^mi^  plesiant  word,  nor  any  mooey  in  their 
pocket! ;  for  Major  Church  had  but  Hght  ptimU  loft, 
and  Captain  Convene  none,  a»  he  said  ailerwardf* 

Major  Church  seeing  two  gentlemen,  which  he 
knew  had  money,  askod  them  to  lend  him  /orfy  Mtf- 
linir'y  telling  them  his  necessity,  yet  they  refused. 
So^  being  bare  of  money,  was  obliged  to  lodge  at 
Mr.  Alden's  three  nights.  The  next  Tuesday  morn- 
ing Captain  Converse  came  to  him,  (not  knowing 
each  others  circumstances  as  yet)  and  said,  [that]  he 
would  walk  with  him  out  of  town.  So  commg  near 
Pollard's  at  the  south  end,  they  had  some  discoihrse. 
[Observed)]  that  it  was  very  hard  that  they 'should 
part  with  dry  lips.  Major  Church  told  Caf  t-vin  Con- 
verse that  he  had  but  ii$hJt  pence  left,  luid  could  not 
borrow  any  money  to  carry  him  home,  bid  the  Mid 
Converse  said,  thiait  he  had  not  a  pennjf  left ;  so  they 
were  obliged  to  part  without  going  to  Pollard*!,  ^. 

The  said  Captain  Converse  returned  back  int6 
town,  and  the  said  Church  went  over  to  Roxbury ; 
and  at  the  tavern  he  met  with  Stephen  Braton  of 
Rhodeisland,  a  drover,  who  was  glad  to  see  him,  (the 
said  Church)  and  he  as  glad  to  see  his  neighbour. 
Whereupon  Major  Church  called  for  an  HgM pimnp 
tankard  of  drink,  and  let  the  said  Bratpn  know  his 
circumstancec,  [aiid]  asked  him  whether  he  would 
lend  hm  forty  ahilhngs  9  He  answered, '*  Yes, /of% 
pounds  if  he  waipted  it."  So  he  thanked  him,  And 
said  [that]  he  would  have  but  fcfty  shiUinge,  which 
he  freely  lent  him. 

Presently  after  Mr.  Church  was  told  that  his  bro- 
ther, Caleb  Church  of  Watertown,  was  coming  with 
a  spare  liprse  for  him,  (having  heard  the  night  before 
that  his  brother  was  come  in.)  By  ^fiich  means  the 
said  Major  Church  got  home.  And  for  all  his  travel 
and  expenses  in  raising  soldiers,  and  service  done, 
never  had  but  fourteeH  pounds  of  Plymouth  gentle- 
men, and  not  a  |>e»ini^  of  Boston ;  notwithstanding  he 
had  worn  out  all  [of  J  his  clothes,  and  run  himself  in 

17* 


108 


FRftNCH  AND  INDIAN  WAMB. 


cbbt,  so  that  he  was  obliged  to  sell  half  a  ihara  of 
llnd  in  Titeirton,  for  about  iixiy  pound9,  which  it 
now*  worth  three  Jiundred  pounds  more  and  aboT» 
what  he  had,  ' 

Having  not  been  at  home  long  before  he  found  out 
the  reason  why  Boston  gentlemen  looked  so  disaf- 
fected <m  him.  Asyou.may  see  by  the  sequel  of  two 
letters,  [which]  Major  Church  sent  to  the  gentlemen 
in  the  eastward  parts,  which  are  as  foUoweth* 

»  Brietol,  J^ovember  27, 1690. 

Worthy :  Gentlemen, 

According  to  my  promise  when  with  you.  last,  I 
waited  upon  the  Goverhour  at  Boston  on  Saturday, 
Caption  Cqnverse  being  with  me.  The  Governour 
miormed  i|s  that  the  council  were  to  meet  on  the 
Monday  following  in  the  allernoon,^at  which  time  we 
both  there  waited  upon  them,  and  gaye  them  an  ac- 
count of  the  state  of  your  country,^  and  great  neces- 
sities. They  informed  us,  that  their  general  court 
was  to  convene  the  Wednesday  following,  at  which 
time  they  would  debate  and  consider  of  the  jnatter. 
Myself  being  bound  home,  Captain  Converse  was 
ordered  to  wait  upon  them,  and  bring  you  their  re- 
solves. I  then  took  notice  of  the  council  that  they 
looked  upon  me  with  an  ill  aspect,  not  judging  me 
worthy  to  receive  thanks  for  the  service  I  had  done 
in  your  parts;  nor  as  much  as  asked  me  whether  I 
wanted  money  to  bear  my  expenses,  or  a  horse  to 
carry  me  home.  But  I  was  forced,  for  want  of 
money,  being  far  from  ifriends,  to  go  to  Roxbury  on 
foot ;  but  meetine  there  with  a  SLhodeisiand  gentle-; 
man,  acquainted  him  of  my  wants,  who  tendered  me 
ten  pounds,  ^  whereby  I  was  accommodated  for  my 
journey  home.    And  being  come  home,  I  went  to 

'  •  -  ••About  1716.     ~~ 


-     ■■■"■  „■        "  » 


•r-iv*"A^-v- 


■'  t- 


•:■'".  ,)  ■ 


the  muiister  of  our  town^*  End  gave  him  an  ftccottftt 
of  tl»e  iraiiiactions  of  the  great  affairs  I  had  been  ^- 
ployed  in,  and  the  great  favour  God  was  pleasedto 
show  me,  and  my  company,  and  the  be^fit  I  hoped 
would  accrue  to  yourselves ;  and  desired  him  to  re- 
turn publick  thanks ;  but  at  the  same  interim  of  time 
a  paper  was  presented  unto  him  from  a  court  of  Ply- 
mouth, which  was  holden  before  I  came  home,  to 
command  a  day  of  humiliation  through  the  whole 
government,  **  because  of  the  firown  of  God  upon 
those  forces  sent  under  my  command,  and  the  ill  suc- 
cess we  had,  for  want  of  good  conduct."  All  which 
was  caused  b;  those  false  reports  which  were  posted 
home  by  those  ill  affected  officers  that  were  under 
my  conduct ;  especially  one,  which  yourselves  very 
well  know,  who  had  the  advantage  of  being  at  home 
a  week  before  me,  beins  sick  of  action,  and  wanting 
the  advantage  to  be  at  the  bank,  which  he  was  every 
day  mindful  of  more  than  fighting  the  enemy  in  their 
own  country. 

**  After  I  came  home,  being  infbrmed  of  a  general 
bdurt  at  Plymouth,  and  not  forgetting  my  faiths 
promise  to  you,  and  the  duty  I  lay  under,  I  went 
thither.  Where  waiting  upon  them  I  gave  them 
an  account  of  my  Eastward  transactions,  and  made 
them  sensible  of  the  falseness  of  those  reports  that 
were  posted  to  them  by  ill  hands,  and  found  some 
small  favourable  acceptance  with  them  ;  so  far  that 
I  was  credited.  I  presented  your  thanks  to  them 
for  their  seasonably  sending  those  forces  to  relieve 
you,  of  the  expense  and  charge  they  had  been  at ; 
which  thanks  they  gratefully  received ;  and  said  a 
few  lines  from  yourselves  would  have  been  well  ac- 
cepted. I  then  gave  them  an  account  of  your  great 
necessities,  by  being  imprisoned  in  your  garrisons, 
and  the  great  mischief  that  would  attend  the  puli- 

*  Bristol.  The  Rev.  Samuel  Lee,  I  suspect,  wa9  tl)en  the 
minister,  as  he  did  not  leave  America  until  sometime  the  oe^ct 
year.     Sec  note  4,  page  xii. 


>■*.. 


■  .t.  ■■- 


,... 


M>  FBIBNCH  AND  INpiAir  WAHa 

lack  coneemi  of  Uiui  country  by  the  loss  of  their 
Huesties'  interest,  and  so  much  good  estate  of  your's 
ami  vour  neighbours,  as  doubtless  would  be,  on 
the  deserting  of  your  town.  I  then  moved  for  a 
free  contribution  for  your  relieif,  which  they  with 
great  forwardness  promoted ;  and  then  ordered  a 
day  of  thanksgiving  through  the  government  upon 
the  twentysixth  day  of  this  instant.  Upon  which 
day  a  collection  was  ordered  for  your  relief,  and  the 
places  near  adjacent,  in  every  respective  town  in 
thui  government;  and  for  the  good  management  of 
it  that  it  might  be  safely  conveyed  unto  your  hands, 
they  appointed  a  man  in  each  coun^  for  the  receipt 
and  conveyance  thereof.  The  persons  nominated 
and  acceded  thereof,  are,  for  the  county  of  Ply- 
mouth, Captain  Nathaniel  Thomas,  of  Majrshfield ; 
for  the  county  of  Barnstable,  Captain  Joseph  Lathrop, 
of  Barnstable ;  and  for  the  county  of  Bristol,  myself. 
Which  when  gathered,  you  will  have  a  particular 
account  from  each  person,  with  orders  of  advice 
how  it  may  be  disposed  of  for  your  best  advantage, ' 
with  a  copy  of  the  court's  order.*  The  gentlemen 
[thatTthe  effects  are  to  be  sent  to,  are  yourselves 
that  I  now  write  to,  viz.,  John  Wheelwright,  £sq.. 
Captain  John  Littlefield,  and  Lieutenant  Joseph 
Story.  I  deferred  writing,  expectuig  every  day  to 
hear  from  you  concerning  the  Indians,  coming  to 
treat  about  their  prisoners  that  we  had  taken.  The 
discourse  I  made  with  them  at  Ameresscogen,  I 
jinew  would  have  that  effect  as  to  bring  them  to  a 
treaty,  which  I  would  have  thought  myself  nappy  to 
have  been  improved  in,  knowing  that  it  would  have 
made  much  for  your  good.  But  no  intelligence 
coming  to  me  from  any  gentleman  in  your  parts, 

*  The  people  of  Connecticut  were  forward,  also,  in  con- 
tribating  to  those  distressed  inhabitants.  A  contribution 
was  ordered  by  the  general  court  throughout  the  colony,  and 
the  elergy  were  directed  to  exhort  the  people  to  liberu  eon- 
tributloBS  for  these  charitable  pvposes.    Hist.  Con.  I,  Ml. 


■m^:v 


-<- 


iHKNOH  AND  INDIAIf  WAII8. 


m 


of  their 
tfyour's 
be,  on 
d  for  a 
sy  with 
ier^d  a 
nt  upon 
which 
and  the 
town  in 
aent  of 
'  hands, 
receipt 
ainated 
of  Ply- 

shfiel4; 
athrop, 
myself, 
rticular 
advice 
intage,  ' 
tlemen 
rselves 
» Bsq., 
Toseph 
day  to 
ing  to 

The 
gen,  I 
n  to  a 
>py  to 
1  have 
gence 
parts, 

a  con- 
bution 
y,  and 
ueon- 
,887. 


md'hefliring  nothing  but  by  accident,  tind  that  in 
the  latter  end  of  the  week  by  some  of  ours  coming 
Srom  Boston,  informed  me  fhat  the  Indians  had  come 
into  your  town '4o^ seek  for  peace;  and  that  there 
W&s  to  be  a  treaty  speedily  ;_but  the  time  they  knew 
not.  I  took  my  horse,  and  upon  the  Monday  set 
out  for  Boston,  expecting  the  treaty  had  been  at 
your  town,  as  rationally  it  should ;  but  on  Tuesday 
ni^ht  coming  to  Boston,  I  there  met  with  Captain 
Elisha  Andros,  who  informed  me  that  the  place  of 
treaty  was  SacatyhcMsk,*  and  that  Captain  Alden 
was  gone  from'  Boston  four  days  before  I  came 
there,  and  had  carried  all  the  Indian  prisoners  with 
him;  and  ^at  all  the  forces  were  drawn  away 'out 
of  your  parts,  except  twelve  men  in  your  town,  and 
twelve  in  Piscataqua,  which  news  did  so  amuse  me, 
to  see,  that  wisdom  was  taken  from  Uie  wise,  and 
such  imprudence  in  their  actions  as  to  be  deluded 
by  Indians.  To  have  a  treaty  so  far  from  any  Eng- 
lish town,  and  to  draw  off  the  forces  upon  what  pre- 
tence soever,  to  me  looks  very  ill.  My:  fear  is  that 
they  will  deliveir  those  we  have  taken,  which,  if 
kept,  would  have  been  greatly  for  your  security,  In 
keeping  them  in  awe,  and  preventing  them  from 
doing  any  hostile  action  or  mischief.  I  knowing 
that  the  English^  being  abroad  are  ver^  earnest  to 
so  home,  and  the  Indians  are  very  tedious  in  their- 
discourses ;  and  by  that  means  will  have  an  advan- 
tage to  have  their  captives  at  very  low  rates,  to 
your  great  damage.f    Gentlemen,  as  to  Rhodeisland, 

*  Sagadahock.  On  the  south  side  of  Kennebeck  river,  20 
mile^s  southwest  of  Pemmaqued.     Hubbard. 

t  iThe  treaty  here  alluded  to,  was  agreed  upon  by  those 
stehetietB  that  came  into  "Wells  garrison,"  mentioned  on 
pMpe  IM, '*  with  ft  flag  of  truce."  Major  Hutchinsofi  and 
Ua^.  Towniend  went  from  Boston  to  Wells,  as  commission- 
ers, and  after  some  time,  a  conference  was  agreed  upon  at 
Sa^dahock,  9d  November.  They  met  accordinc  to  ap- 
pointment and  a  trace  only,  was  obtained,  and  that  tul  1  May 


''A 


I  !M 


i 


r    ' 


903 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAE& 


IhaTe  not  concomed  myself  as  to  any  relief  for 
yon,  having  nothing  in  writing  to  show  to  them ; 
yet,  upon  discourse  with  some  ^gentlemen  the^e: 
they  have  signified  a  great  forwardness  to  promote 
such  a  thing.  I  lying  under  great  reflections  from 
some  of  yours  in  thus  eastward  parts,  that  I  wiu  a 
very  covetous  person,  and  came  there  to  enrich  my- 
self, and  that  I  killed  their  cattle  and  barrelled  them 
up,  and  sent  them  to  Boston,  ahd  sold  them  for 
plunder,  and  made  money  to  put  into  my  own  poc- 
ket; and  the  owners  of  them  being  poor  people 
^gged  for  the  hides  and  tallow,  with  tears  in  their 
eyes;  and  that  I  was  so  cruel  as  tp  deny  them! 
which  makes  me  judge  myself  incapable  to  serve 
you  in  that  matter ;  yet,  I  do  assure  you,  that  the 
people  are  very  charitable  at  the  island,  and  forward 
Ufrsuch  good  actions;  and  therefore,  I  advise  you  to 
desire  some  good  substantial  person  to  take  the  ma^ 
na^ementof  it,  and  write  to  the  government,  there, 
which  I  know  will  not  be  labour  lost.  As  for  what 
I  am  accused  of,  y6u  all  can  witness  to  the  contra- 
ry, and  I  should  take  it  very  kindly  from  you  to 
ido  me  that  just  right,  as  to  vindicate  my  reputation ; 
for  the  wise  man  ^ys,  "A  good  name  is  as  precious 
ointment.*'  Wheal  hear  of  the  effects:  of  the  trea- 
*^,  and  have  an  account  of  this  contribution^  I  in- 
tend again  to  write  to  you,  being  very  desirous,  and 
should  think  myself  very  happy,  to  be  favoured  with 
^a  few  lines  from  yourself,  or  any  gentleman  in  the 
eastward  parts.  Thus  leaving  you  to  the  protec- 
tion and  guidance  of  the  great  God  of  Heaven  and 
earth,  who  is  able  to  protect  and  supply  you  in  your 
great  difficulties,  and  to  give  you  deliverance  in  his 
«>wn  due  time.  I  remain,  gentlemen,  your  moM  as- 
sured friend,  to  serve  you  to  my  utmost  power,     ^i 

V       BENJAMIN  CHURCH.*^  i 


..rii-y 


However,  10  captives  were  redeemed,  and  at  the  end  of  the 
trace  they  were  to  bring  the  reit  to  Weill,  and  niake  a 
final  peace.    Magnalia,  fi,  539. 


f-t:^- 


i^-^ 


"">■'"  imf.mt. 


FMlfCUi  ANH  JNBIASI  W1IS& 


reUef  for 

to  them; 
len  there: 
>  promote 
ions  from 
It  I  was  a 
Drich  my- 
lied  them' 
them  for 
own  poc- 
>r  people 
rs  in  their 
ny  them! 
i  to  serve 
,  that  the 
d  forward 
isG  you  to 
e  the  ma^ 
Bnt  there, 
for  what 
p  contra- 
m  you  to 
mtation ; 
precious 
the  trea- 
on^  I  in- 
ous,  and 
red  with 
in  in  the 

protec- 
iven  and 

in  your 
ce  in  his 
mo^t  as- 
er. 

ind  of  the 


1 


•*  PoftMript.  Esquire  Wheelwright.^  Sir,  I  ed; 
treat  you,  after  your  perusal  of  these  lines,  to  eomr 
mvnicate  the  same  to  Captain  John  Littlefieldif 
Lieutenapt  Joseph  Story,  and  to  any  other  gentle^ 
men,  as  in  your  judgment  you  see  fit ;  with  the  ten- 
der of  my  respects  to  you,  &.c.,  and  to  Major 
Yaiighan,  and  his  good  lady  and  family.  To  Cap- 
tain Tryer,  and  good  Mrs.  Fryer,  with  hearty  thanks 
for  their  kindness  whilst  in  those  parts,  and  good 
entertainment  from  them. ,  My  kind  respects  to  Ma- 
jor Frost,  Captain  Walton,  Lieutenant  Honeywel, 
and  mv  very  good  friend  little  Lieutenant  Plaisted ; 
witli  due  respects  to  all  gentlemen,  my  friends  in  the 
eastward  parts,  as  if  particularly  named.    Farewell. 

B.  C." 

^     «  To  Major  Pike. 

"Honoured  Sir,  Bristol,  Nov.  27,  1690. 

These  come  to  wait  ufien  you,  to  bring  the  ten- 
ders of  my  hearty  service  to  yourself,  and  lady,  with 
due  acknowledgment .  of  thaA]|;fulness  for  all  the 
kindness,  and  favour  I  received  from  you  in  the  east- 
ward' parts,  when  with  you.     Since  I  came  fr^wn 

■   ■■.■■    .1     I    ■■■■   I.    ■     i.^—  ■■■^i.i,.^     ,  ,  III  I  !!■  ,  .i    .    -,.ji„     ..  Mm.^  ■     n^mm  ■      — — ■,  ■mm         ,  f^    f,  ■ 

*  h.  ison,  it  ia  presame'd,  of  the  Rev.'  J6hn  Wheelwright, 
of  whom  80  raUco  has  been  said  and  written  concerning  Ati- 
tinomian  priiicip^es  and  jand  titles.  Being  contented  with 
the  history  of  the  father,  I  have  not  disturoed  the  is^es  o^ 
the  son.  The  Tenerable  ancestor  held  a  deed  of  ^certain 
lands  in  Exeter,  N.  H..,  from  certain  Indian  Sagamores  un- 
der date,  1629,  the  "*  authenticity"  of  which,  has  of  late,  been 
examined  by  two  able  criticks^  .  Thejale  Governour  Plumer 
of  N.ln.v^first  endeavoured  to  vindicate  its  genuineness,  and 
James  Savage  of  Boston,  seems  to  have  proved  the  contrary. 
The  deed  may  be  seen  in  I  Belknap,  App.  No.  I.  Govern- 
our  Plumer's  argument  in  N^  H.  Hu^.  Soc.  Col.  399.  'And 
that  of  Ilir.  Savage  in  his  edition  of  Winthrop's  Journal,  h 

^1»-  ■    .•,     '    '  \';   :   '. 

I-  f  A  Lieut.  Littlefield  is  named  by  Penhallow,  71,  as  being 

lain  IB  1713,  at  Welb.    It  might  be  l.e. 


t; :  ^ 


9flji&'«^  '^ry^-    '.Wi*'fc'*»*''nV'''. 


thoM  parts,  I  am  inlbnned  by  Captain  AndfOf,'  that 
yoaneif  and  most  all  the  forces,  are  dra#n  off  frorii 
the  eastward  parts,  i  admire  at  i),  considering  lltet 
they  had  so  low  esteem  of  whM  was  done,  that  they 
can  apprehend  the  eastward  parts  so  safo  before  the 
enemy  were  brought  into  better  subjection.  I  was 
I  [  in  hopes,  when  I  came  from  thence,  that  those  who 

were  so  desirous  to  have  my  room,  would  have  oeen 
very  brisk  in  n^  absence,  to  have  got  themselves 
some  honour,  which  they  very  much  gaped  ItftOr,  or 
else  they  would  not  have  spread  so  many  fak^  re- 
ports to  defame  me ;  which  had  I  known  b^re  i 
left  the  bank*  I  would  have  had  satisfaction  of  them. 
Your  honour  was  [leased  to  give  me  some  small 
account,  before  I  left  the  bank,  of  some  things  that 
were  ill  represented  to  you,  concerning  the  eastward 
expedition,  which  being.  roUed  home  like  a  snowball 
through  both  colonies,  was  got  to  such  a  bigness, 
that  it  overshadowed  one  from  the  influence  of  all 
comfort,  or  good  acceptance  amongst  my  friends  in 
my  journey  homeward.  But  through  God's  good- 
ness [II  am  come  home,  finding  all  well,  and  myself 
in  good  health ;  hoping,  that  those  reports  will  do 
me  the  fovour,  to  4ffAt  me  from  all  other  publick  Ac- 
tions;  that  so  I  may  the  more  peaceably,  and  quiet- 
ly, wait  upon  Ood;  and  be  a  comfort  to  my  own 
ramily,  in  this  dark  time  of  trouble ;  being  as  one 
hid,  till  his  indignation  is  overpast.  I  shall  take  it 
as  a  great  favour,  to  hear  of  your  welfare.  Sub- 
scribing, myself  as  I  am,  sir,   .    ^  ,       . 

Your  moat  assured  friend  and  servant,  ^ 

BENJAMIN  CHURCH.'^ 


a 


'.  i.- 


^  Major  Church  did  receive,  after  this,  answers  to 
his  letters,  but  hath  lost,  them,  except  it  be  a  letter* 
from  several  of  the  gentlemen  in  those  parts,  in 
Jtine  following,  which  is  as.fol|oweth.  .^h 


*  Portsmouth,    pee  page  }99,  note  S. 


4  ' 


/?«■*■ 


J 


WW^CHAVD  INDIAN  WARS. 


''PovtMiMNtfA,  June  99, 1691. 

Major  Benj.  Church, 

Qiti  fovt  former  readinesf  to  expose  yoursielf  in 
the  service  of  the  country^  against  the  common  ene- 
m^,  and  particularly  the  late  obligations,  you  have 
laid  upoor  U8,  in  these  eastern  parts,  leave   us  under 
a  deep  and  grateful  sense  of  your  favour  therein. 
And  forasmuch  as  you  were  pleased  when  last  here, 
to  signify  your  ready  inclination  to  further  service 
of  this  kind,  if  occasion  should  call  for  it.     We 
therefore  presume',  confidently  to  promise  ourselves 
compliance  accordingly;  and  have  sent  this  mes- 
sage on  purpose  to  you,  to  let  you  know,  that  n»%r 
withstanding  the  late  overture  of  peace,  the  enom^, 
have  approved  themselves  as  perfidious  as  ever,  and 
are  almost  daily  killing  and  destroying  upon  alliour 
frontiers.    .The  Governour  and  council  of  the  Ma«r 
sachusetts  have  been  pleased  to  order  the  raising.  oC 
one  hundred  and  fifty  men,  to  be  forthwith  despatch*^ 
ed  into  those  parts;  and,  as  we  understand,  have 
written  to  your  Governour  and  council  of  Plymouth 
for  further  ^sistance,  which  we  pray  you  to  promote 
hopijQg  if  you  can  obtaia  about  two  hundred  men,Eogr 
lish  and  Indians,  to  visit  them  at  some  of  their  head- 
quarters, up  Kennebeck  river,  or  elsewhere,  wMoh 
for  want  of  necessaries  was  omitted  last  year^  it 
may  be  of  great  advantage  to  us.    We  offer  noMi^. 
of  advice,  as  to  what  methods  are  most  proper  to  be 
taken  in  this  affair.     Your  acquaintance  with*  our 
circumstances  as  well  as  the   enemy's,  will  direct 
you  therein.    We  leave  the  conduct  thereof  to  your 
own  discretion.     But  thtit  the  want  of  provision,  &>Oft 
may  be  no  remora  to  your  motion,  you  may  please 
to  know  Mr.  Geafford,  one  of  our  principal  inhabi- 
tants, now  residing  in  Boston,  hath  promised  to  take 
care  to  supply  to  the  value  of  two  or  three  hundred 
pounds,  if  occasion  require.     We  pray  a  few  lines 
by  the  bearer,  to  give  us  a  prospect  of  what. we 

18 


$Wi^^'' 


•  i- 


306 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


■ '  K  ."ir 


may  expect  for  our  further  encouragement,  and  re- 
mau, 

Sir,  your  obliged  friends  and  servants, 

WiLUAM  Vauoham, 

RiCHABD   Ma&TTN, 

Nathaniel  Frteb, 

William  Fernald,  ^ 

Francis  Hqoke,  ;^ 

Charles  Frost,  ^^^ 

John  Wincol,  f 

Robert  Elliott."  * 

(A  true  copy  of  the  origmdl  letter ;  tohich  letter 
was  presented  to  me  by  Captain  Hatch,  who  came 

exprees.) 

<*■     ,  ■        •    -        ' 

Major  Church  sent  them  his  answer,  the  contents 
whereof  was,  that  he  had  gone  often  enough  for 
nothing,  and  especially  to  be  ill  treated  with  scan- 
dals and  false  reports,  when  last  out,  which  he  could 
not  forget.  And  signified  to  them,  that  doubtless 
some  amongst  them,  thought  they  could  do  without 
him,'&rC.  And  to  make  short  of  it,  [they]  did  go 
out,  and  meeting  with  the  enemy  at  Maquait,  were 
most  shamefully  beaten,  as  I  have  been  inform- 
ed.* 

*  I  will  lay  before  the  reader  an  account  of  the  affair  hint- 
ed at,  as  I  find  if  in  Mather,  and  will  only  observe,  that,  that 
autb>r  is  enough  inclined  to  favour  the  side  of  the  English. 
<*  About  the  latter  end  of  July  [1691]  we  sent  out  a  small  army 
under  the  commac«l  of  Gapt.  March,  Capt.  King,  Capt.  Sher- 
burn,  and  Capt.  Walten,  who  landing  at  Maquoit,  marched 
up  to  Peehypscot,  but  not  finding  any  signs  of  the  enemy, 
marched  down  asain.  While  the  commanders  were  waiting 
adiore  till  the  soldiers  were  got  aboard,  such  great  numbers 
of  Indians  poured  in  upon  them,  that  though  the  commanders 
wanted  not  for  courage  or  conduct,  yet  they  found  them- 
selves obliged,  with  much  ado,  (and  not  without  thf  death 
ofMnnthy  Capt.  Sherburn)to  retire  into  the  veu^ls  which 
tliett  lay  aground.  Here  they  kept  pelting  atone  HhOther 
all  nimt ;  ,w  uuto  little  other  purpose  than  this,  which  wad 
indeed  remarkable,  that  the  enemy  was  at  ibis  time  going  tc 


J 


-  V  . 


mmmmm 


[FEENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAE8. 


W 


THE   THIBD   EXPEDITION   BAST. 

Tais  Wiui  in  the  year  1692.  In  the  time  of  Sir 
William  Phips'*  government,  Major  Walley  being 
at  Boston,  was  requested  by  his  excellency  to  treat 
I  with  Major  Church  about  going  east  with  him.  Ma- 
jor Walley  coming  home,  did  as  desired ;  and  to  en- 
courage the  said  Major  Church,  told  him,  that  now 

■"'^'       ■'  ■  .■■■l-l  ■■  "I         ■■— ■  II  II  IM  ■    ■!■■■■    ■  III ■■     ■ 

take  the  isle  of  Shoals,  and  no  doubt  had  they  gj»ne  they 
would  have  taken  it,  but  haying;  exhausted  all  their  ammu- 
nition on  this  occasion,  they  desisted  from  what  they  design- 
ed."   Magnalia,  II,  530. 

*OoTernonr  Phips"was  a  Newengland  man,**  bora  at 
Pemmaquid,  in  I66i>-1 ;  being,  as  we  are  told,  a  ;^uBger  son 
among  twentyriz  children,  of  whom  twentyone  were  sons. 
By  profession  he  was  a  ship  carpenter.  That  business  he 
soon  left ;  and  belnc  an  industrious  and  persevering  man, 
and  applying  himseli  to  study,  soon  acquired  an  education 
competent  i^  the  discharge  of  common  affairs,  and  then 
'i  went  to  sea.  On  hearing  of  a  Spanish  ship's  being  wrecked 
^  near  the  Bahamas,  proceeded  to  Enslandy  and  gave  so  flat- 
tering an  account  of  its  value,'and  tne  practicability  c^  ob- 
taining it,  that  he  was  despatched  in  one  of  the  KiiM^  ships 
in  search  of  it ;  but  returned  without  success.  Yet  hcf  be- 
lieved the  treasure  might  be  obtained ;  and  soon  after,  the 
Duke  of  Albemarl  sent  trim  with  two  smps  on  the  same  butt* 
ness.  After  much  excessive  toil,  and  nearly  on  the  point  of 
abandoning  the  object,  the  treasure  was  discovered,  and  he 
succeeded  m  bringing  from  the  wreck  three  hundred  thoU' 
sand  poundi.  But  after  deducting  the  Duke's  diare  Mid  the 
outfits,  and  his  own  neat  generosity  to  his  men,  he  had  left 
onhrmiedft  thouMUM,  He  now  had  conferred  on  him  the 
or^r  of  knighthood.  In  1690  he  commande$l  an  expedition 
ajgainst  Quebeck,bat  from  unavoidable  obstacles  did  not  ar- 
rive until  too  late  in  the  season,  and  was  obliged  to  abandon 
the  expedition.  See  note  1,  on  page  177,  where  some  {Nurti- 
eulars  are  given.  The  King  nowTmr  the  first  time  coaqili- 
mented  the  Newengland  agents  with  the  nomination  of  their 
Oovernour,  and  they  nominated  Sir  William  Phips,  and  he 
arrived  at  Boston,  14  May,  1692,  invested  vrith  the  proper 
authority.    In  1694,  he  was  sent  for  to  answer  some  com- 

Shdntsin  England,  but  fell  sick  before  he  had  his  trial  and 
ied,  18  Feb.  1695.  All  represent  him  as  a  strictly  honest 
man,  and  a  real  friend  to  nis  country.  Mather,  liolmes, 
Eliot,  and  AUen. 


■W^ii 


'■.•-'t-^jr'-"  ■ "      ,*■ 


fm 


tiaStlcn  Am>  INDIAN  WAHft. 


i  I 


W9B  the  time  to  have  recompense  for  his  former 
great  expenses;  saying  also,  that  the  country 
oould  not  give  him  less  than  two  or  three  hundred 
pounds. 

So  upon  his  excellency's  recjuest,  Major  Church 
went  down  to  Boston,  and  waited  upon  him,  who 
said  he  was  glad  to  see  him,  &.c.  After  some  dis- 
course [he]  told  the  said  Church,  that  he  was  ffoing 
east,  himself,  and  that  he  should  be  his  second,  and 
in  his  absence,  command  all  the  forces.  And  be- 
ing requested  by  his  excellency  to  raise  what  volun- 
teers he  could  of  his  old  soldiers  in  the  county  of 
Bristol,  both  English  and  Indians,  received  his  com- 
mission, which  is  as  followeth.  ^ 

**  iSiir  TfiUidtn  Fhipe,  Knight,  Captain  General  and 
Qavemour  in  Chief,  in  and  over  hie  Majeety^e 
province  of  the  Maesachueetts  bay,  in  JVeweng- 
land,  ^ 

To  Benjamin  Church,  Gent.,  Greeting,  t. 

Reposing  special  trust  and  confidence  in  vour 
l6yalty,  courage  and  good  conduct ;  I  do  by  these 
presents  constitute  and  appoint  you  to  be  Major  of 
the  several  companies  of  militia,  detached  for  their 
Majesties'  service  against  their  French  and  Indian 
enemies.  You  are  therefore  authorized  and  requir- 
ed in  their  Majesties'  names,  to  discharge  the  duty 
of  a  Major  by  leading,  ordering  and  exercising  the 
said  several  companies  in  arms,  both  inferiour  offi- 
cers and  soldiers,  keeping  them  in  good  order  and 
discipline,  commanding  them  to  obey  you  as  their 
Major.  And  diligently  to  intend  the  said  service, 
for  the  prosecuting,  pursuing,  killing  and  destroying 
of  the  said  common  enemy.  And  yourself  to  ob- 
serve and  follow  such  orders  and  directions  as  you 
flhall  from  time  to  time  receive  from  myself,  accord- 
ing to  the  rules  and  discipline  of  #iar,  pursuant  to 
the  trust  reposed  in  you  for  their  Majesties'  sertteo* 


"'^,:::^'^-i-''( 


■  •£>^ 


MENOH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


too 


Qrren  under  my  hand  and  seal  at  Boston,  the  twen- 
tyfifth  day  of  July,  1692.  In  the  fourth  year  of  the 
reign  of  our  sovereign  Lord  and  Lady,  William  and 
Mary,  by  the  grace  of  God,  Kins  and  ^ueen  of 
England,  Scotland,  France  and  Ireland,  defender  of 
the  faith,  &c. 

WILLIAM  PHIPS. 

By  Am  ExcdUncy^a  command, 

Isaac  Addington,  Seer,** 

'  Retuminff  home  to  the  county  aforesaid,  he  soon 
raised  a  sufficient  number  of  volunteers,  both  Enslish 
and  Indians,  and  officers  suitable  to  command  them, 
marched  them  down  to  Boston.  But  there  was  one 
thing  I  would  just  mention,  which  was,  that  Major 
Church,  bein^;  short  of  money,  was  forced  to  borrow 
$ix  pounds  m  money  of  Lieutenant  Woodman,  in 
Littlecompton,  to  distribute  by  a  shilling,  and  a  bit* 
at  a  time,  to  the  Indian  soldiers,  who,  without  such 
allurements,  would  not  have  marched  to  Boston. 
This  money  Major  Church  put  into  the  hands  of  Mr. 
William  Fobes,  who  was  going  out  [as]  their  com- 
missary in  that  service. 

[Hep  was  ordered  to  keep  a  just  account  of  what 
each  Indian  had,  so  that  it  might  be  deducted  out  of 
their  wages  at  their  return  home.  Coming  to  Boston, 
his  excellency  having  got  things  in  readiness,  they 
embarked  on  board  their  transports,  his  excellency 
going  in  person  with  them ;  being  bound  to  Pema- 
quid.f    But  in  their  way  stopped  at  Casco,  and  buri- 

i[who] 

*  Six  pence. 

t  This  word  is  better  written  Pemmaquid  as  it  was  former- 
ly pronounced,  and  now  ^^enerally.  This  place  is  celebrat- 
ed as  the  birth  place  of  Sir  Wii«uam  Phips.  Several  places 
are  known  by  tnis  name,  but  are  all  in  the  same  Ticinitj,  and 
on  the  east  side  of  Kennebeck  river,  and  about  SO  miles  from 
its  month.    Hubbard. 


18* 


^i^-i''^wr.mm^>i^- . 


FiUENGH  ▲Nl>  INDIAN  W4M 


^  ike  bonea*  of  the  dead  people  there,  and  ^k  oflf 
ikp  great  gunf  that  were  .there,  then  wont  to  fern*" 

' . ,  Coining  there  his  excellency  askod  Major  Church 
to  go  ashore  and  give  his  judgment  about  erecting  a 
fortf  there  9  He  answered,  that  his  genius  did  not 
incline  that  way,  he  never  had  any  value  for  them, 
being  only  nests  for  destructions.  His  excellenrv 
sai4,  £thatj  he  had  a  special  order  from  their  Ma- 
jesties, King  William  and  Queen  Mary,  to  er<  '^.t  n 
fort  there,  (&c.  Then  they  went  ashore  o.*'<'  spent 
some  time  in  the  projection  thereof.  Tl  i  "  iiis  ex- 
cellency told  Major  Church  that  he  might  take  a! I 
the  forces  with  him,  (except  one  company  to  stay 
with,  him  and  work  about  the  fort.)  The  Major 
answered,  that  if  his  excellency  pleased,  he  might 
keep  two  companies  with  him,  and  [that]  he  would 
go  with  the  restt  to  Penobscot,  and  places  adjacent. 
Which  his  excellency  did,  and  gave  Major  Church 
his  orders,  which  are  as  fblloweth.  .   . 

"  j^  his  (ixcelkncy,  Sir  WILLIAM  PHIPS,  Knight, 
Captain  General  and  Govemour  in  Chiefs  in  and 
over  their  Majesties*  province  of  the  Masaachuaetta 
bay,inJVewtn§iland,^c.  \«>-t 


InatructioM-for  Major  Benjamin  Chvrc^^^. 


'my' 


Whereas  you  are  Major, '^I'd  ^'q  chief  officer  of  a 
body  of  men,  detached  out  oj  tho  nUitia,  r^^^ointed 
for  an  expedition  against  thr*  Fr^i^c  .  and  Indian  ene- 

*  See  page  175,  and' -note  3,  where  an  account  of  the  <ies- 
tmction  of  Casco  is  related. 

t  This  fort  was  called  tj^^  William  Henry,  and  was  the 
Ijest  then  in  these  parts  ofjim^vlc^.  It  was  built  of  stone  o^ 
&  iiiuadraneular  figure,  ap,d  about  737  feet  in  compass,  mount- 
mj;.1.4  (il  not  18)  guns.  Whereof  6  were  18  pounders. 
About  60  men  were  left  to  man  the  fort.  ^at|ier,  Magnalia* 
II,  536,  537. 

I  Their  whole  force  was  45Q  menu    Ibt 


1 


ill 


FBINCH  AND  INDU^  WAHa 


my;  you  are  dulj  to'cbaetve  the  foUowiDg 

tiODS. 

Imprimifl.  /ou  are  to  take  care  that  the  wofihiy 
of  Qod  be  duly  and  ronatantly  maiijtained  and  kopt 
up  amongst  vou  ;  and  to  luffer  no  swearing,  oursinff, 
or  other  profanation  of  the  holy  name  of  God  ;  and, 
as  much  as  in  you  lies,. to  deter  and  hin<\er  all  other 
vices  amongst  your  soldiers.    .      ^^ 

Secondly.  You  are  to  proceed,  with  the  soldien 
under  your  command  to  Penobscot,  and,  with  what 
privacy,  and  what  undiscoverable  methods  you  can, 
there  to  land  your  men,  and  take  the  best  measures 
to  surprise  the  enemy. 

Thirdly.  You  are,  by  kimng,  deslr^^ying,  and  all 
other  means  possible,  to  endeavour  t.ie  destruction 
of  the  enemy,  in  pursuance  whereof,  being  satiified 
of  your  courage  and  conduct,  I  ieavr  the  same  to 
your  discretion.  , 

Fourthly.  You  are  to  endeavour  the  taking  what 
captives  you  can,  either  men,  women  or  children,  an4 
the  same  safely  to  keep  and  convey  them  unto  me. 

Fifthly.  Since  it  is  not  possible  to  judge  how  af- 
fairs may  be  circumstanced  with  you  there,  I  shall 
therefore  not  limit  your  return,  but  leave  it  to  your 
prudence,  only  that  you  make  no  longer  stay  than 
you  can  improve  for  advantage  against  the  enemy,  jor 
may  reasonably  hope  for  the  same. 

Sixthly.  You  are  also  to  take  care  anc  be  very 
mdustrious  by  al  possible  means  to  find  out  and  de- 
stroy all  the  enemy's  corn,  and  other  provisions  in  all 
places  where  you  can  come  at  the  same. 

Seventhly.  You  are  to  return  from  Penobscot  and 
those  eastern  parts,  to  make  all  despatch  henco  ^ 
Kennebeck  river  and  the  places  adjacent^  and  there 
prosecute  all  advantages  against  the  enemy  as  afore- 
said. 

£ighthly.  If  #iy  soldier,  officer,  or  other  shall 
be  disobedient  to  you  as  their  commander  in  chief, 
or  other  their  superiour  officer,  or  make,  or  cause 


l« 


^ 


-•^f;<v 


i\^y*mmi^:: 


its 


FRINOH  \NI>  IN0UN  WAR0. 


M^nitliay,  conmit  other  oflfence  or  disorderiB,  you 
illall  call  a  coancil  of  war  amongst  your  officers,  and 
liaTii^  tried  him  or  them  so  offending,  inflict  such 
puni£nent  as  the  merit  of  the  offence  requires,  death 
only  excepted,  which  if  any  shall  deserve,  you  are 
to  secure  ue  person,  and  signify  the  crime  unto  me 
by  the  fest  opportunity. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  11th  day  of  August, 
1692. 

WILLIAM  PHIPS." 

'      » 

Then  the  Major  and  his  forces  embarked  and  made 
the  best  of  their  way  to  Penobscot.  And  coming  to 
un  island  in  those  parts  in  the  evening,  landed  his 
forcifs  at  one  end  of  the  island.  Then  the  Major 
took  part  of  his  forces  and  moved  (toward  day)  to 
the  other  end  of  the  siud  island,  where  they  found 
two  Frenchmen  and  their  families,  in  their  houses; 
end,  that  one  or  both  of  them  had  Indian  women  to 
their  wives,  and  had  children  by  them.  The  Major 
presently  examining  the  Frenchmen,  [demanded] 
where  the  Indians  were  ?  They  told  him,  that  there 
was  a  great  compan]^  of  them  upon  an  island  just 
ll^.  And  showing  him  the  island,  [he]  presently 
discovered  several  of  them. 

^  Major  Church  and  his  forces  still  keeping  undis- 
covered to  them,  asked  the  Frenchmen  where  their 
passing  place  was  ?  Which  they  readily  showed  them. 
So  presently  they  placed  an  ambuscade  to  take  any 
that  diould  come  over.  Then  sent  orders /or  all  the 
rest  of  the  forces  to  come ;  sending  them  an*  account 
of  what  he  had  seen  and  met  withal ;  strictly  charg- 
ing them  to  keep  themselves  undiscovered  by  the 
enemy.  The  ambuscade  did  not  lie  long  before  an 
Indian  man  and  woman  came  over  in  a  canoe,  to  the 

El  for  landing,  where  the  ambuscade  was  laid, 
y]^  hauled  up  their  canoe,  aifd  came  right  into 
;imds  of  our  ambuscade,  who  so  suddenly  surpris- 

1  [who] 


S 


ndetn,  you 
ficers,  and 
iflict  such 
ires,  death 
e^  you  are 
e  unto  me 

»f  August, 

HIPS." 

and  made 
coming  to 
anded  his 
the  Major 
d  day)  to 
ley  found 
r  houses; 
vomen  to 
^he  Major 
emanded] 
that  there 
iland  just 
presently 

ng  undis- 
lere  their 
red  them, 
take  any 
)r  all  the 
t'  account 
ly  charg- 
I  by  the 
>efore  an 
e,  to  the 
vas  laid, 
ght  into 
surpris- 


g 


VllBlfeH  AND  INDIAN  Wlta^        913 

ed  them  that  they  could  not  give  any  notice  to  the 
others  from  whence  thiey  came.  The  Major  dfd6ru% 
that  none  of  his  should  offer  to  meddlis  wi^  the 
canoe,  lelt  they  should  be  discovered.  Hoping  tO ' 
take  the  most  of  thepi,  if  his  forces  came  as  oi^ered, 
he  expecting  them  to  come  as  directed.)  But  the 
rst  news  [that]  he  had  of  them,  was,  that  they  iivtril 
all  coming,  [andp  not  privately  as  ordered,  but  the 
vessels  fair  in  sient  of  tne  enemy,  which  iioon  pilt 
them^  all  to  flight.  And  our  forces  not  having  bOatii 
suitable  to  pursue  th6m,  they  got  all  away  in  their 
canoes,  Slc.  [This]'  caused  Major  Church  to  say, 
[thatj  he  would  never  go  out  again  without  M 
sufficient  number  of  whide  boats,  [theP  want  of  which 
was  the  ruin  of  that  action.* 

Then  Major  Church,  according  to  his  instr^ctioili, 
ranged  all  those  parts,  to  find  all  their  corn,  and 
carried  aboard  thMr  ve^ls  what  b6  thbught  convie^ 
nient,  and  destroyed  the  rest.  Also  findhig  cotiisidR^ 
rable  Quantities  of  plunder,  vi^.,  heavier,  ifiot]^ 
fikinii,  &c.  ;- 

Having  done  what  service  they  could'  id  thOs^ 
parts,  he  returned  back  to  his  excellency  at  Pi^nfie- 
quid.  Where  being  come,  staid  not  IcM,  (they  be^ 
ing  short  of  bread)  his  excellency  in^h^d  '[^oii^] 
home  for  Boston  for  more  provisions.     [In  th6  ti^yjP 

going  with  Major  Church  and  his  forces  to  KeWne^ 
eck  river  ;  and  coming  there  gave  him  fdrttief  or- 
ders, which  are  aafoUoweth.  ^     ^^' 

"  By  hi8  Excellency  the  Governour, 

To  Jlfa/or  Benjamin  Church. 

You  having  already  received  former  instj^uctio^ft, 
are  now  further  to  proceed  with  the  soldiers  uncier 
-     1  [though]      9  [which]       3  [for]       «  [but  before] 

Wfit  11-  II      II        ■       .  -       III.,.  I    -        -I  ..i     III      ■  II  ■■ 

^'^Mather^IIj  587,  says  that  five  prisoners  were  taken  it 
tl^stime. 


SI4 


rBE^CH  AND  INPUN  MtaIIIw 


yw  command  for  Kemiebeek  river,  and  th^  places 
hp^^Bcentj^and  u«e  your  utmost  endeavours  to  kill, 
i^troy  and  lake  captive  the  French  and  Indian  ene- 
my wheresoever  you  shall  find  any  of  them;  and  at 
your  return  to  Pemequid  (which  you  are  to  do  as 
soon  as  you  can  <sonvenientIy ;  after  your  best  en- 
deavour done  against  the  enemy,  and  having  des- 
troyed their  editi  and  other  provisions)  you  are  to 
stay  with  all  your  soldiers  and  officers,  and  set  them 
|o  work  on  the  fort,  and  make  what  despatch  you  can 
in  that  business,  staying  there  until  my  further  order. 

WILLIAM  PHIPS." 

^Thon  his  excellency  takine  leave  went  for  Boston, 
:^  and  soon  ajfter.  Major  Church  and  his  forces  had  a 
smart  fight  with  the  enemy  in  Kennebeck  river ;  pur- 
sued them  so  hard  that  they  left  their  canoes,  and 
fan  up  into  the  woods^  [They] -still  pursued  them 
up  to  their  fort  at  Taconock,*  which  the  enemy 
perceiving,  set  fire  to  their  houses  in  the  fort,  aiid 
ran  away  by  the  light  of  them ;  and  when  Major 
Church  came  to  the  said  fort,  [he]  found  about  half 
their  houses  standing,  and  the  rest  burnt;  also  found 
great  quantities  of  corn,  put  up  into  Indian  cribs, 
which  he  and  his  forces  destroyed,  as  ordered. 

Havmg  done  what  service  he  could  in  those  parts, 
retttrned  to  Pemequid*  And  coming  there,  employ- 
ed his  forces  according  to  his  instructions.  Being 
out  of  bread  [and]  his  excellency  not  coming.  Ma- 
jor Church  was  obliged  to  borrow  bread  of  the  Cap- 
tain of  the  man  of  war,  that  was  then  there,  for  all 
the  forces  under  his  command;  his  excellency  not 
coming  as  expected.  But  at  length  his  excellency 
came,  and  brought  very  little  bread,  more  than 

*  This  fort  was  about  64  miles  from  the  sea.  Taconock, 
or  as  Sullivan  has  it,  Taconnet'is  a  great  fall  of  water  in  the 
KsBttebeek.  At  this  place,  by  order  of  Gov.  Shirley,  a  fort 
waa  built  on  the  east  bank  of  the  river  (in  1754)  aadcallad 
fbrtHaliftx.    Mioot's  Hist.  1, 18«. 


thi 
bo^ 
haj 
all! 


■Mi 


FRKKCH  AND  IN0rAN  WASa 


M 


would  {my  what  was  bofrowed  of  "Uie  man'of  wir ; 
80  tiiat  id  a  short  time  after  Major  Charch,  with  hu 
forces,  returned  home  to  Boston,  and  had  their  wa- 
ges for  their  good  service  done. 

Only  one  uiing,  by  th^  way,  I  will  just  mention ; 
that  is,  about  -the  nxpownds  [which]  Major  Church 
borrowed  as  beforementioned,  ana  put  into  the 
hands  of  Mr.  Fobes,  who  distributed  the  said  mon^y, 
all  but  Miff]^  ahUlinga,  to  the  Indian  soldiers,  as  <u- 
rected,  which  was  deducted  out  of  their  wages,  and 
the  country  had  credit  for  the  same.  And  the  said 
Fobes  kept  the  thirty  ahiUinga  to  himself,  which 
was  deducted  out  of  his  wages.  Whereupon  Major 
Walley  and  [the]  said  Fobes  had  some  words.  In, 
short  Maior  Church  was  obliged  to  expend  about 
aixpounas  of  his  own  money  in  marching  down  the 
forces  both  English  apid  Indians,  to  Boston,  having 
no  drink  allowed  them  upon  the  road,  d^c.  Bo, 
that  instead  of  Major  Church's  having  the  allowances 
aforementioned  by  Major  Walley,  he  was  out.dt 
pocket  about  twelve  pounda  o\er  and  above  what  he 
had ;  all  which  had  not  been,  had  not  his  excellency 
been  gone  out  of  the  country, 


sfifs':-  * 


THE   FOURTH   EXPEDITION  EAST* 


In  1696,  Major  Church  being  at  Boston,  and  be- 
longing to  the  house  of  representatives,  severaTgf  n- 
tlemen  requesting  him  to  go  east  again,  and  the 
general  court  having  made  acts  of  encouragemeftt, 
6lc.  He  told  them^  [that]  if  they  would  provide 
whale  boats,  and  other  necessaries  convenient,  he 
would.  Being  also  requested  by  the  said  general 
court,  he  proceeded  to  raise  volunteers ;  ajid  made 
it  his  whole  business,  riding  both  east  and  west  in 
our  province  and  Connecticut,  at  great  charge  and 
expenses.    And  in  about  a  month's  time,  raised  * 


■»* 


910 


nEUCH  .AND  IM DUN  WAMS. 


foftcidnt  number  out  of  thote  parti r  wid  mwrelKid 
ih0m  clown  to  Boslon.  Wliere  he  hud  the .  promiM 
that  every  thing  should  be  rea^  in  three  weeks, 
or  a  month's  time ;  but  was  obliged  to  stay  consider 
lably  longer.  Being  now  at  Boston*  he  received  his 
commission  and  instructions,  which  are'asfoUoweth. 

"WIIXIAM  STOUGHTON,*JS«^e,Z»ieii/«fiafrf 
Croverwmr,  and  Commander  in  Chirfj  in  and  ever 
his  Majesty's  province  of  Maasachusetta  bay,  in 
^eivengland. 

To  Major  Benjaiun  Ch0rch,  Greeting. 

Whereas  there  are  several;  companies  raised, 
consisting  of  Englishmen  and  Indians,  for  hiisMajes- 
tyft  service,  to  ^o  forth  upon  the  encouragement 
giimh  by  the  gi^eat  and  general  court,  or  assembly 
of  this  his  Majesty's  province^  convened  at  Boston, 
the  27th  day  of  May^  1696,  to  prosecute  the  French 
apd  Indian  enemy,  &.c.  Ani^.irott  having  dBTered 
yourself  to  take  the  command  and  conduct  of' the 
sflud  several  companies.  By  virtue,  therefore,  of  the 
power  and  authority  in  and  by  his  Majesty's  royal 
commission  to  me  grar.ied,  reposing  special  trust 

and  confidence  in  your  loy^ty,  prudence,  courage 

^ — ^    .  • . '. ■ — *. ^ — '■ , — 

*  Mr.  Stoughton  was  the  son  of  Israel  Stouffhton  of  Dor- 
ehester,  at  wmcth  place  he  was  born  in  1693.  He  graduated 
at  Harvard  college,  1650,  and  engaging  in  the  study  of  divin- 
i^,  i«LJfdd  to  h^ve.made  an  excelltsnt  preacher,  but  was 
never,  settled,  ts  also  said  to  have  possessed  good  talents 
atftt^  great  learning.  It  may  be  allowed  that  he  bad  a  great 
diMU  aSaome  kind  of  learning,  and  yet,  destitute  of  much 
m;^  understanding  or  science.  This  no  one  will  doubt, 
wluiSD  informed  that  he  was  one  of  the  principal  judges,  who 
stiii  and  condemned  so  many  unfortunate  persons  tor  the 
iniaginary  crime  of  vnteherafii  in  the  vfHek  age  of  Sal«m  ;* 
and  to  add  to  his  misfortunes.  Dr.  Eliot  says,  that  "  he  was 
more  obstlliate  in  his  errour  than  others  on  the  bench.'' 
"^P^hen  Phips  left  the  government,  he  was  the  commander  in 
chief.  In  1700  he  was  again  in  the  office.  He  £edln  1703. 
At  ms  escpense  was  the  college  called  Stoogbton  batt  baih. 
N.  B.  Biog.  444)  5. 


«iSW*^"'' 


mnA  i^ed  eoiidiset.  I  do  by  theM  tmti««ti  «^liill- 
tm  ind  upooiilt  v<m  to  W  M«i}Oir  of  the  «iid  8«iN»iM 
fioiii|Miiii6(l|  Dl^  finglisbineil  «ild  iitdi&M,  tatted  ht 
hi$  Mttje8t]^Vi«irvloef upoti  tNi^  eriGOfimgeineiitt^t^ 
Mid.  rott  are  therefore  carefuUf^and  diligeiitlv  io 
pcarhtm  the  duly  of  feat  placi&^  bf  leadings  ofd§ntl||, 
ttnd  exerciiin^  the  said  severHl  companies  in  aMM, 
both  infeHour  officers  and  soldiers^  keeping  thtsiftki 
good  order  and  diseipKne,  commandmg  them  fo 
obey  you  as  their  Major.  And  yourself  diligeiitly 
to  ihtend  his  Majesty's  service  for  the  t>roseeuting, 
jrarsutng,  taking}  killing  or  destrbying  the  said  eliO- 
itiy  by  sea  or  land ;  and  to  observe  all  sdch  OiHeito 
and  instructions  as  you  shall  from  time  to  tini#'lfi> 
ceive  from  myself,  or  commander  in  cliief  for*  the 
time  being,  according  to  the  rules  and  discipline  llf 
war,  pursuant  to  the  trust  reposed  ih  yOn*  Oiveii 
under  my  hand  und  seal  at  arms,  at  Boston,  tile 
third  day  of  August,  1696,  in  the  eighth  year  of  the 
reign  orOHr  sovereign  Lord  William  the  III,  fo)r 
the  griice  of  God,  i^  England,  Scotland^  FMi^ce 
and  Ireland^  King,  defender  of  ^le  faith,  d^o; 

WILLIAM  STOUGH'TON 
By  command  of  the  Lieui.  Govemour,^  <&c.  ' 

Isaae  Addihgtbn,  IS^set^ 

''ProtmAse  of  MoBaadhusmB  boff,    Bv  ik^Rigii 
Honowrdbk  the  lAeutemuii  Chveh/tdw  tmd  Om^ 
:  maikder  in  Chitf. 

j^rwsiionB  Jar  Major  Benjamin  CmiBO]^,  Con^ 
mandtfr  qf  the  farces  raised  far  M»  Mj^esiiff^^ 
vice,  against  the  French  and  Indian  eneiniy  o^ 
rebels* 

• . 

'  Pursuant  to  the  commission  given  y6% you  are 
to  embark  the  forces  now  furnished  a.4d  equipip^ 
for  his  Majesty's  service  on  the  present  expediti^ 
to  the^dltern  parts  of  this  province,  and  witit  tliflip^ 
and  «och  others  as  shall  offer  themselves  to  go  forth 

19 


y 


1 1- ■ 


Sid 


VEBNOH  ANH  IHDIAM  WARS. 


oh'IIm  Mid  service,  to  sail  unto  Pisoataqua,  to  joui 
tliose  lately  dsspatched  thither  for  the  sameexpedi* 
tioii«  to  await  your  coming.  An#with  all  care  and 
diligence  to  improve  the  vesaelS}  boats  and  men  un-^ 
der  your  command  in  search  for,  prosecution  and 
pujTSuit  of^  the  said  enemy  at  such  places  where  you 
may  be  informed  of  their  abode  or  resort,  or  where 
you  may  probably  ejcpect  to  find,  or  meet  with  them, 
and  take  all  advantages  against  them  wtuch  provi- 
II  denoe  shall  favour  you  with. 

You  are  not  to  list  or  accept  any  soldiers  that  are 
already  in  his  Mf^sty's  pay,  and  posted  at  any  town 
or  garriton  within  this  province,  without  speci^^orf^ 
from  myself.  ^  •  ^ 

.  You  are  to  require  and  give  strict  orders  that  the 
duties  of  religion  be  'attended  on  board  the  several 
vessels,  and  in  tlie  several  companies  under  your  com- 
mand, by  daily  prayers  unto  God,  and  reading  his 
>  ^y  word,  -and  observance  of  the  Lord's  day  to,  the 
utmost  you  can. 

You.  are  to  see  that  your  soldiers  have  their  due 
allowanco  of  provisions,  and  other  necessaries,  and 
that  the  sick  or  wounded  be  accommodated  in  the 
best  manner  y<Nnr  circumstances  wilf  admit.  And 
that  good  order  and  command  may  be  kept  up  and 
maintained  in  the  several  companies,  and  all  disor- 
ders,, drunkenness,  profane  cursing,  swearings,  disobo- 
dience  of  officers,  mutinies,  omissions  or  neglect  of 
duty,  be  duly  punished  according  to  the  laws  mar- 
tial, And  you  are  to  require  the  Captain  or  ch^ef 
officer  of  each  company,  with  the  clerR  of  th^  same, 
to  keep  an  exact  journal  of  all  their  proceedings 
lirom  time  to  time.  *         *' 

In  case  any  of  the  Indian  enemy  and  rebels  bflfer 
to  submit  themselves,  you  are  to  receive  them,  only 
at  discretion ;  but  if  you  think  fit  to  improve  any  of 
them,  or:  any  others  which  you  may  happen  to  take 
pHioneis,  you  may  encourage  them  to  be  faithful  by 


-*(•-■  ftw-i'-'V. 


■;"*:«■•«■" 


f^NCtf  AND  INDUN  WARS. 


m 


the  (»roiiiii86  6f  their  lites^  which  shall  be  granled 
upon  approbfttion  of  their  fidelity. 

You  are  carefiilly  to  look  after  the  Indians  whieli 
you  have  out  of  the  prison,  so  that  they  may 
not  have  opportunity  to  escape,  but  otherwise  itn' 
prove  them  1^  what  advantage  you  can,  and  return 
them  back  again  to  thisplace^   « 

Ydu  are  to  advise,  as  you  can  have  occasion,  Wttit 
Captain  John  Oorham,  who  accompanies  you  in  thkl 
expedition,  and  is  to  take  your  command  in  case  ef 
your  death.  A  copy  of  these  instructions  you  are 
to  leave  with  him,  and  to  give  me  ah  account  fironii' 
time  to  time  of  your  proceedings. 

WILLIAM    STOUGHTON. 

BoH<m,JiugU8t  I2th,  169^.'' 

.   In  the  time  [that]  Major  Churcli  lay  at  Bostbn,  the 
news  came  of  reme<iuid  fbrf  s  being  taken.**^    It  came 

'1'         •    ■' . ' .  »  /'   i  .    ...     III!     I.       i.-»/ 

*  Thtts  the  fort  which  had  cost  the  country  an  immense  sum 
of  oioney,  was  entirely  dendolished.  This  was  fort  Wipiam 
Hiennr,  Drbilt  in  the  last  expedition.  Two  men  of  war  wer« 
sentirom  Boston,  early thisyear,  (1696)  to  emise  ojBftbe  mer? 
St  Johns,  for  an  e^cpected  French  store  ship ;  but  anhappilyj^r 
the  French  at  Qneheck  had  despatched  two  men  of  War  ui^ 
the  capture  of  the  above  said  fort.  These  iell  in  with  the  two 
Elnglish  vessels,  and  being  more  than  a  match  for  them,  cstp- 
tured  one,  called  the  Newport,  the  other,  taking  advantage 
of  a  fog,  got  back  to  Boston.  The  French  now  proce«led  t» 
attack  the  forty  being  strengthened  by  (^e  adoitionof  <the 
Newport,  and  Baron  Gastine  with  200  Indians.  The  French 
were  commanded  by  one  Iberville,  ''a  brave  and  experienct^^ 
officer,"  and  the  English  fort  W  one  Chubb,  without  brayc^ 
ry  or  experience.  On  the  14  July,  Iberville  arrived  befi»|f«( 
the  fort,  and  immediately  sent  in  a  summons  for  its  8ttrr0iHv 
der.  Chubb  returned  a  mere- gasconade  for  an  answer. 
Says  he,  "  If  the  sea  were  covered  with  French  vessels,  and 
the  land  with  Indians,  yet  I  would  not  give  up  the  fort." 
Some  firing  then  commenced  with  the  small  armsf  and  thus 
closed  the  first  day.  The  nijght  following  Iberville  landed 
some  cannon  and  mortars,  and  by  the  next  day  at  S  of  thf 
clock,  had  so  raised  his  works  as  to  throw  5  bombs  into  the' 
fort^  to  the  great  terror  of  Chubb  and  his  men.  And  to  add 
to  their  terror,  Castine  found  means  to  convey  a  letter  into 


iii^        FEftMCH  AND  INDUM  WAM* 

bf  c«IhiUqp  thttt  brought  Mune  phfoncfi  U»>BotloNB» 
who  gave  an  account,  alio,  that  there  wai  a  French 
■hip  at  Monnldeaart*  that  had  tak^n  a.  ship  of  ouct. 
Sa  the  diiconne  was,  that  they  would  send  the  man 
of  .war,t  with  other  forces  to  take  the  said  French 
•hip^  and  retake  ours.  But  in  the  mean  time  Major 
Church  and  his  forces  being  ready,  embarked,  and  on 
the  fifteenth  day  of  August,  set  sail  for  Piscataoua, 
where  more  men  were  to  join  them.  (But  beiora 
they  fWlt  Boston,  Major  Church  discoursed  with  the 
Captain  of  the  man  of  war,  who  promis«*'i  him,  [that] 
ifrho'  went  'to  Mountdesart,  in  pursuit  of  the  French 
^ip,  that  he  would  call  for  him  and  his  forces  atPis- 
cataf|aa,  expecting  that  the  French  and  Indians 
migjht  not  be  far  from  the  said  French  ship,  so  that 
he  might  have  an  oljpitportunity  to  fight  them  while  he 
was  engaged  with  the  French  ship*) 

:8oon  after  the  forces  arrived  at  Piscataqua,  the 
Major  sent  his  Indian  soldiers  to  Colonel  Gidney,|  at 

«  I        '     I  III  III  I  ■  III  I       .  II  '  '«,   I  I  i  n  I 

the  fort,  importing,  tbst  "  if  they  held  out  the  Indians  woald 
not  he  retrained,  for  he  had  seen  inch  orders  from  the  Kinjr 
ta  Iberville."  Upon  this  Chubb  surrendered  and  the  French 
dnBMHthed  the  fort.  Hutchinson,  II,  88  to  90.  Mather, 
Maciialia,  II,  649,  says,  that  the  fort  contained  *'96men 
doable  armed  which  might  have  defended  it  against  nine 
times  as  many  assailants."  Chubb  lived  at  Andover,  where 
in  IVshruary  following  he  was  killed  by  a -small  party  qf 
about  80  Inaians,  who  fell  upon  the  place.    lb.  664. 

*  Desert  it  should  be.  A  very  large  isHnd  covering  the 
area  of  about  180  square  miles,  and  nearly  all  the  waters  of 
the  bay  of  Fundy  or  Frenchman's  hzj.  It  was  named  Monts 
Deoera  by  Champlain,  in  honour,  perhaps,  of  De  Monts 
wilii  t^hom  he  had  formerly  sailed. '  It  was  once  called  Mt. 
Mansell  by  the  English,  which,  Mr.  Savage  (in  Winthrop. 
I,  SS)  thinks  was  so  called  in  honour  of  Sir  Robert  Mansell 
named  in  the  great  Charter. 

t  There  were  two  men  of  war  now  at  Boston,  which  with 
son^  other  vessels  were  sent  in  pursuit  of  the  enc^mv  and 
came  in  sight  of  them,  but  effected  nothing.  HutchinsoA. 
11, 91. 

I  Bartholomew  Gidney,  one  of  the  judges  of  1693,  whose 
~  -  is  siaiBeientiT  perpetuated  in  Calef  s  •*  More  WsB^irs 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WA9^     ^ 

York,  to  be  assisting  for  the  defence  of  those  placet/ 
who  gave  them  a  good  commend  for  thoir  ready  and 
willing  services  done ;  in  scouting  and  the  likot      h 

Lying  at  Piscataqua  with  the  rest  of  our  foicea 
near  a  week,  waiting  for  more"  forces  who  were  to 
join  them,  to  make  u|^  their  complementf  In  all 
which  time  heard  never  a  word  of  the  man  of  war. 
On  the  twentysecond  of  August,  they  all  embarked 
ffrom]^  Piscataqua.  And  when  they  came  against 
York,  the  Major  went  ashore,  sending  Captain  Gor- 
hamt  with  some  forces  in  two  brigantines  and  a  sloop, 
to  Winterharbour.  Ordering  him  to  send  out  scouts, 
to  see  if  they  could  make  any  discovery  of  the  ene- 
my, and  to  wait  there  till  he  came  to  them. 

Major  Church  coming;  to  York,  Colonel  Gidnoy 
told  him,  [that]  his  opinion  was,  that  the  enemy  was 
drawn  off  Trom  those  parts ;  for  that  the  scouts  could 
not  discover  any  of  them,  nor  their  tracks.  So  liav- 
ing  done  his  business  there,  went  with  what  forces  he 
had  there,  to  Winterharbour,  where  he  had  the  Sfune 
account  from  Captain  Gorham,  [viz.,]  that  they  had 
not  discovered  any  of  the  enemy,  nor  any  new  tracks. 
So,  concluding  [that]  they  were  gone  from  those 
parts  towards  Penobscot,  the  Major  ordered  all  the 
vessels  to  come  to  sail,  and  make  the  best  of  their 

1  [for]^  :^^; 

of  the  Invisible  World."  He  was  an  associate  with  Halir- 
thorn  and  Curvrin,  in  executing  the  laws  against  witchcraft. 
Smalltime  has  been  spent  for  more  information  of  him,  and 
as  little  KaS'been  found. 

,.*The  French  were  expected  to  make  other  attempts 
along  the  coast,  which  they  threatened  after  their  success  at 
Pemmaquid. 

t  Their  whole  force,  it  appears  from  Hutchinson,  II,  91, 
^p^  500  men. 

'|. Captain  John  Gorham  seems  from  this  time  through  this 
and  the  other  expeditions  to  have  acted  a  conspieuoos  part. 
I  have  found  no  other  accounts  of  him.  .■  .■  ^  i' 


19 


m 


rftftNCH  AND  INDIAN  WAKS. 


wajr  to  Moniiegin,*  which  being  not  fkr  from  Penob- 
■cot,  where  the  nwin  body  of  our  enemy's  living  was. 
Being  in  great  hopes  to  come  up  'with  the  army  of 
French  and  Indians,  before  they  had  scattered  and 
gone  past  Penobscot,  or  Mountdesart,  which  is  the 
chief  place  of  their  departure  from  each  other  after 
such  actions. 

Having  a  fair  wind,  made  the  best  of  their  way, 
and  early  next  morning  they  got  into  Monhegin. 
And  there  lay  all  day  fitting  their  boats,  and  other 
necessaries  to  embark  in  the  night  at  Mussleneckf 
with  their  boats.  Lying  there  an  day  to  keep  undis- 
covered from  the  enemy.  At  niffhi  the  Major  order- 
ed the  vessels  all  to  come  to  sail,  and  carry  the  for-^ 
ces  over  the  bay}  near  Penobscot.  But  having  little 
wind,  he  ordered  all  the  soldiers  to  embark  on  board 
the  boats  with  eight  dayd  provision,  and  sent  the  ves- 
sels back  to  Monhegin,  that  they  might  not  be  dis- 
covered by  the  enemy;  giving  them  orders,  when 
md  where  they  should  i  >me  to  him. 

The  forces  being  all  rcfady  in  their  boats,  rowing 
very  hard,  got  ashore  at  a  point  near  Penobscot.^ 

1'ust  as  the  day  broke.  [They]^  hid  their  bo^lB,  and 
[cepinff  a  good  look  out  by  sea,  and  sent  out  i^couta 
by  land,  but  could  not  discover  either  canoes  or  In- 
dians. What  tracks  and  fire  places  they  saw  were 
judged  to  be  seven  or  eight  days  before  they  came. 
As  soon  as  night  came,  that  they  might  go  undis- 
covered, got  into  their  boats,  and,  went  by  Mussle- 
neck,  and  so  amongst  Penobscot  islands,  looking  very 
sharp  as  they  went,  for  fires  on  the  shore,  and  for 
canoes  but  found  neither. 

VCand] 

*  An  island  on  the  east  side  of  Kennebeck  river,  and  abotit 
10  nutesfrom'tbe  tnkin,  celebrated  as  the  place  where  Capt. 
Jcihn  Siiiith  latftded  in  1^14 ;  here  he  built  some  hoasee,  ttte 
remains  of  which  were  to  be  seen  when  Judge  Sullivan  Wrote 
his  history.    It  is  spelt  Monheagi^n. 

t  A  point  in  Monheagan  island. 

I  The  bay  of  Penobscot.  §  Month  of  the  rivsr. 


im 


■f 


PRKMGH  AND  INDIAN  WAftS. 

Qetting  up  to  Mathebeituekt  hillt,  [vadj  day  com- 
ing on,  landed  and  hid  th^r  boata ;  looking  out  for 
the  enemy,  ai  the  day  before,  but  to  little  purpoie. 
Night  coming  on,  to  their  oars  affain,  workmg  rery 
hard ;  turned  niffht  into  day,  [which]  made  several 
of  their  new  soldiers  grumble.  But  telling  them 
[that]  they  hoped  to  come  up  quickly  with  the  enemy, 
put  new  life  into  them.  By  daylight  they  got  into  the 
mouth  of  the  river,  where  landing,  found  many  ren- 
dezvous, and  fireplaces,  where  the  Indians  had  been ; 
but  at  the  same  space  of  time  as  beforementionedt 
And  no  canoes  passed  up  the  river  that  day.  Their 
pilot,  Joseph  York,*  informed  the  Major,  that  fifty 
or  sixty  miles  up  that  river,  at  the  a'reat  falls,  the  ene- 
my had  a  great  rendezvous,  and  planted  a  sreat 
quantity  of  com,  when  he  was  a  prisoner  with  uiemi 
four  years  ago ;  and  that  he  was  very  well  acquaint* 
ed  there.  This  gave  great  encouragement  to  have 
had  some  considerable  advantage  of  the  enemy  at 
that  place. 

So  using  their  utmost  endeavours  to  get  up  there 
undiscovered.  And  coming  there  found  no  enemy, 
nor  com  planted ;  they  having  deserted  the  place. 
And  ranging  about  the  fa:lls  on  both  sides  of  the  river, 
leaving  men  on  the  east  side  of  the  said  river,  and 
the  boats  just  below  the  fiills,  with  a  good  guard  to 
secure  them,  and  to  take  the  enemy  if  they  came 
down  the  river  in  their  canoes.  The  west  side  beine 
the  place  where  the  enemy  lived  and  best  to  travel 
on,  they  resolved  to  range  as  privately  as  they  could. 
A  mile  or  two  above  the  fklls,  [they]  discovered  a 
birch  canoe  coming  down  with  two  Indians  in  it. 
The  Major  sent  word  immediately  back  to  those  at 
the  falls,  to  lie  very  close,  and.  let  them  pass  4own 
the  falls,  and  to  take  them  alive,  that  he  might  have 
intelligence  where  the  enemy  were,  (which  would 

•  York  probably  Vlonged  here,  for  it  appears  fr9m  Salli- 
Tan,  146,  that  persons  of  this  name  were  among  the  early 
proprietors  of  tne  Hands  of  Kennebeck. 


v^ . 


^4.^ 


TRENdH  AlfD  INDIAN  WARS. 


have  been  a.great  advantage  to  them.)  But  a  Polish 
aotldier  seeing  them  pass  by  him,  shot  at  them,  con- 
trary to  orders  given,  which  prevented  them  [from] 
going  into  the  aipbuscade,  that  was  laid  for  them. 
Whereupon  several  more  of  our  men  being  near, 
shot  at  tnom.  So  that  one  of  them  could  not  stand 
when  he  got  ashore,  but  crept  away  into  the  brush. 
The  other  stepped  out  of  the  canoe  with  his  paddle 
in  his  hand,  and  ran  about  a  rod  and  then  threw  down 
his  paddle,  and  turned  back  and  took  up  his  gun, 
'  and  so  escaped-.  One  of  our  Indians  swam  over  the 
river,  and  fetched  the  canoe,  wherein  was  a  consider- 
able quantity  of  blood  on  the  seats  that  the  Indians 
sat  on,  [and]  the  canoe  had  several  holes  shot  in  her. 
They  stopped  the  holes,  and  then  Captain  Bracket* 
with  an  Indian  soldier,  went  over  the  river,  [and]* 
tracked  them  by  the  blood  about  half  a  mile,  [where 
they]  found  his  gun,  took  it  up  and  seeing  the  blood 
no  further,  concluded  that  he  stopped  [it,]'  and  so 
got  away. 

In  the  mean  time,  another  canoe  with  three  men 
were  coming  down  the  river,  [and  being]^  fired  at 
by  some  of  our  forces,  ran  ashore,  and  lefl  two  of 
their  guns  in  the  canoe,  which  were  taken ;  and  al^ 
so  a  letter  from  a  priest  to  Casteen,  [giving^^  Him  an 
account  of  the  French  and  Indians  returnmg  over 
the  lake  to  Mountroyal,f  and  of  their  little  service 
done  upon  the  Maquas|  Indians  westward  ;  only  de- 
1  [who]      s  [his  blood]      3  [were]      *  [that  gave] 

*  ■■  "         '         ■         ■■■•II  ^1    ■■     I  I      ■■  II      ■■—    .i.^    mm   ,mwm.m   <..       <  i  ii      i       ■■  I  I        ■—     r     r  w  ■!  ■■    ^      i  ■■■»■.    i.  ■■ 

*  The  game  person  mentioned  at  page  166. 

t  Montreal. 

X  This  was  the  name  eiven  by  the  Dutch  to  the  Fivena- 
tions  of  Indians.  See  N.  Y.  Hist.  Soc.  Col.  II,  44.  By  the 
French  they  were  called  Iroquois,  between  whom  their  wars 
were  almost  perpetual.  An  account  of  what  is  hinted  at  in 
the  text  may  be  seen  in  Smith's  Newyork,  147,  149,  and  N. 
Y.  Hist.  Soc.  Col.  II,  67,  68.  The  expedition  was  executed 
under  count  De  Frontenac  now  (1696)  Governour  of  Cana- 
da. He  had  assembled  a  great  body  of  his  friend  Indians 
from  different  nations,  which  he  joined  with  two  battalions 


n^ 


S 


19. 

Uit  a  foolish 
them,  con- 
ihem  [from] 
I  for  them. 
>eing  near, 
d  not  stand 
)  the  brush. 
>  his  paddle 
threw  down 
up  his  gun, 
un  over  the 
a  consider- 
the  Indians 
shot  in  her. 
1  Bracket* 
yer,  [and]* 
ile,  [where 
i  the  blood 
t,]*  and  80 

three  men 
:P  fired  at 
jft  two  of 
1 ;  and  al" 
?J*  him  an 
ning  over 
le  service 
;  only  de- 
gave] 


le  Fivena- 
i.     By  the 
their  warg 
inted  at  in 
10,  and  N. 
i  executed 
of  Cana- 
i  Indians 
battalioni) 


VBSIIOH  AND  INDUN  WARS. 

'1 
BDolifhing  one  fort,  and  cutting  down  tome  ooru, 
&c.  He  detiring  to  hear  of  the  proceedingi  of  De- 
borahuel,  and  the  French  man  of  war.  And  inforni- 
ed  hun  that  there  were  several  canoes  coming  with 
workmen  from  duebeck,  to  St.  Johns.*  Where 
since,  we  concluded,  it  was  to  build  a  fort  at  th« 
river's  mouth,  when  the  great  guns  were  taken,  dtc. 
It  being  just  night,  the  officers  were  called  to- 

8 ether  to  advise,  and  their  pilot,  York,  informed 
lem  of  a  fort  up  that  river,  and  that  it  was  built  on 
a  little  island  in  that  river ;  and  that  there  was  no 
getting  to  it,  but  in  canoes,  or  on  the  ice  in  UA* 
winter  time.  This  with  the  certain  knowledge  that 
we  were  discovered  by  the  enemy  that  escaped  out 
of  the  upper  canoe,  concluded  it  not  proper,  at  that 
time,  to  proceed  any  further  up ;  and  that  there  was 
no  getting  any  further  with  our  boats  ;  and  the  ene- 
my being  alarmed,  would  certainly  fly  from  them 
(and  do  as  they  did  four  years  ago  at  their  fort  at 
Taconock.  Having  fought  them  in  Kennebeck  river, 
and  pursued  them  about  thirty  miles  to  Taconock, 
they  then  set  their  fort  on  fire,  and  ran  awa^  by  the 
light  of  it,  ours  not  being  able  to  come  up  with  theiii 

at  that  place.) 

■  ,  II.  ■       I  .1 1' 

of  regulars.  They  left  Montreal  about  the  first  of  Jaly,  and 
with  the  greatest  difficulty  penetrated  about  300  miles  into 
the  wilderness.  Nothing  was  eflfected  by  this  great  ara^, 
but  the  burning  of  a  few  Indian  huts,  and  torturin^^  a  fiew 
prisoners.  One  circumstance  of  the  latter,  as  a  striking  ex- 
ample of  maghanimity,  on  the  one  side,  and  more  than  sav- 
age barbarity  on  the  other,  shall  be  related.  On  the  ap- 
S roach  of  the  Count  with  his  army  to  an  Indian  town,  it  was 
eserted  by  all  its  inhabitants,  except  an  aged  chief ,  of  near 
100  years.  He  was  immediately  put  to  torment.  One-? 
stabbed  him  with  a  knife,  at  which  he  exclaimed,  "  Tou  had 
better  make  me  die  by  fire,  that  these  French  does  may  learn 
how  to  suffer  like  men,''  &c.  He  continued  nrm  until  ht 
expired  under  the  most  excruciating  torture  that  could  be 
invented. 

*  At  the  mouth  of  the  river  St.  Johns,  in  what  is  now  N. 
BfiuiswieiL 


>  H 


5»26 


FRENCH  AND  IKDIAN  WARS. 


hi- 


i- 


Major  Church  then  encouraging  his  soldiers,  told 
them,  [that]  he  hoped  they  should  meet  with  part  of 
the  enemy  in  Penobscot  bay,  or  at  Mountdesart, 
where  the  French  ships  were.  So,  notwithstandinff 
they  had  been  rowing  several  nights  before,  with 
much  toil,  besides  were  short  of  provisions,  they 
cheerfully  embarked  on  board  their  boats,  and  went 
down  the  river  both  with  and  against  the  tide.  And 
next  morning  came  to  their  vessels,  where  the  Major 
had  ordered  them  to  meet  him,  who  could  give  him 
^  no  intelligence  of  any  enemy.    Where  being  come 

*  uiey  refreshed  themselves.  Meeting  then  with  ano- 
ther disappointment ;  for  their  pilot,  York,  not  be- 
ing acquamted  any  further,  they  began  to  lament 
tho  loss  of  one  Robert  Cawley,  whom  they  chiefly 
depended  on  for  all  the  service  to  be  done  now 
eastward.  He  having  been  taken  away  from  them 
the  night  before  they  set  sail  from  Boston  ^and  was 
on  board  Mr.  Thorp's  sloop)  and  put  on  board  the 
man  of  war  pnknown  to  Major  Churchy  notwithstand- 
ing he  had  been  at  the  trouble  and  charge  of  pro- 
curing him.  Then  the  Major  was  obliged  to  one 
Bord,*  procured  by  Mr.  William  Alden,  who  being 
acquainted  in  those  parts,  to  leave  his  vessel,  and 
go  with  him  in  the  boats,  which  he  readily  complied 
with,  and  so  went  to  Nasketf  point,  where  being  in- 
formed was  a  likely  place  to  meet  the  enemy.  Com- 
ing there,  found  several  houses  and  small  fields  of 
corn,  the  fires  having  been  out  several  days,  and  no 
new  tracks.  But  upon  Penobscot  island  they  found 
several  Indian  houses,  corn  and  turnips.  Though 
the  enemy  still  being  all  gone,  as  beforementioned. 

Then  they  divided,  and  sent  their  boats  some  one 
way,  and  some  another,  thinking,  that  if  any  strag- 
gling Indians,  or  Casteen  himself,  should  be  there- 

*  The  name  of  Bord  or  rather  Boad  as  Sullivan  has  it,  is 
found  among  the  first  inhabitants  of  Saco.  Hist.  Maine,  818. 

*  t  Or  Nauseag,  in  the  town  of  Woolwich  on  the  eatt  side  (d 
the  Kennebeck.  ^  -,  ^^     - 


^■■*--;:   -•■ 


..;#.; 


oldiers,  told 
with  part  of 
[ountdesart, 
ithstanding 
>efore,  with 
sions,  they 
))  and  went 
tide.     And 
J  the  Major 
d  give  him 
^^}ng  come 
1  with  ano- 
k,  not  be- 
to  lament 
ey  chiefly 
done  now 
from  them 
-{and  was 
board  the 
vithstand- 
fe  of  pro- 
sd  to  one 
fho  being 
3sse],  and 

complied 
being  in- 
^    Com- 
flelds  of 
h  and  no 
ey  found 
Though 
>ntioned. 
ame  one 
ly  strag- 
e  there* 

has  it,  is 
ine,  818. 

^  side  of 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


227 


about,  they  might  find  them,  but  it  proved  all  in 
vain.,  Himself  and  several  boats  went  to  Mountde- 
sart,  to  see  if  the  French  ships  were  gone,  and 
whether  any  of  the  enemy  might  be  there,  but  to  no 
purpose ;  the  ships  being  gone  and  the  enemy  also. 
Thev  being  now  got  several  leagues  to  the  westward 
of  their  vessels,  and  seeing  that  the  way  was  clear 
for  their  vessels  to  pass ;  and  all  their  extreme  row-^ 
ing,  and  travelling  by  land  and  water,  night  and  day, 
to  be  all  in  vain.  (The  enemy  having  left  those 
parts  as  they  judged,  about  eight  or  ten  days  before.) 
And  then  returning  to  their  vessels,  the  commander 
calling  all  his  oflicers  together,  to  consult  and  re-^ 
solve  what  to  do ;  concluding  that  the  enemy,  by 
some  means  or  other,  had  received  some  intelligence 
of  their  being  come  out  against  them ;  and  that  they 
were  in  no  necessity  to  come  down  to  the  sea  side 
as  yet,  moose  and  beaver  now  being  fat. 

They  then  agreed  to  go  so  far  east,  aiid  employ, 
themselves,  that  the  eiiemy  belonging  to  these  parts, 
might  think  [that]  they  were  gone  home.  Having 
some  discourse  about  going  over  to  St.  Johns.  But 
the  masters  of  the  vessels  said,  [that]  [they]*  had  as 
good  carry  them  to  old  France,  <&c.,  which  put  off 
that  design.  (They  concluding  that  tho French  ships 
were  there.)  Then  the  Major  moved  for  going  over 
the  bay  towards  Lahane,*  and  towards  the  gut  of 
Cancer,-)-  where  was  another  considerable  fort  of  In- 
dians, who  of^en  came  to  the  assistance  of  our  ene- 
my, the  barbarous  Indians.  Saying,  that  by  the 
time  they  should  return  again,  the  enemy  belonging 
to  these  parts  would  come  down  again,  expecting 
that  we  were  gone  home.  But  in  short,  eould  not 
prevail  with  the  masters  of  the  open  sloops  to  ven- 

1  [he] 

"'  ■  .         ^"  "  I"     '  ■ ■^.-■_— ..—■—■—  ■^■.■l■      I.,       .       ,_ ■  I  ■  W    ■  I         ■ 

**This  name  is  spelt  Layhone  in  a  succeeding  page. 

t  Properly,  Canceau,  and  pronounced  Canso.  It  Ib  the 
strait  between  Cape  Breton  island  and  Novascotia  connect^ 
ing  the  Atlantic  with  the  gulf  of  St.  Lawrence, ^r^^    w 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAM 

•-'■    -P'  :"    ■      -    • 

tore  across  the  bay-*  [They]*  said  [that}  it  Wat 
very  dangerous  so  late  in  the  year,  and  as  much  a« 
their  lives  were  worth,  &c.  y 

'  Then  they  concluded  and  resolved  to  go  to  »s*  . 
iiactaGa,f  wherein  there  was  a  ready  complis^ce. 
(But  the  want  of  their  pilot,  Robert  Cawley,  Was  t 
ffreat  damage  to  them,  who  knew  all  those  parts.) 
However,  Mr.  John  Alden,  master  ofthe  brigantine  En> 
deavour,  piloted  them  up  the  bay  to  Benactaca.  And 
coming  to  ChrvMtomeX  point,  being  not  far  from  Se- 
nactaca,  then  came  to,  with  all  the  vessels,  and  ear- 
ly next  morning  came  to  sail,  and  about  sunrise  got 
into  town.  But  it  being  so  late  before  we  landed, 
that  the  enemy,  most  of  them,  made  their  escape. 
And  as  it  happened  [we]  landed  wherf)  the  French 
and  Indians  had  some  time  before  killed  Lieutenant 
John  Paine,^  and  several  of  Captain  Smithson's  men, 
that  were  with  said  Paine.  They  seeing  our  fojrces 
coming,  took  the  opportunity,  fired  several  guns, 
and  so  ran  all  into  the  woods,  [suid]  carried  all  or 
most  part  of  theijr  goods  With  them.  One  Jarmain 
Bridgwayll  came  running  towards  out  forces,  with  a 

i[who]        "^-         ' 

•BayofFundy. 

t  This,  I  presume,  is  what  is  called  Signecto  in  Gov.  Piidr 
ley's  instructions  to  Col.  Church  for  the  nfth  expedition.  It 
it  since  written  Chignecto,  and  is  the  northern  arm  of  the 
bay  between  Novascotia  and  Newbrunswick.  Here  the  tide 
rises  and  falls  60  feet.  • 

1 1  suppose  the  reader  would  get  over  this  word  bettef^ 
were  it  spelt  better.  But  the  alteration  would  be  immaterial, 
as  it  is  the  name  of  a  place.  ^ 

6  The  same,  I  presume,  who,  in  1676-7,  assisted  Major 
IValdron  in  settling  a  treaty  with  the  eastern  Indians.    I 
learn  no  more  of  him  than  is  fbund  in  Mr.  Hubbard's  Nar 
849j  &c.     Of  Smithson  I  learn  nothing. 

Q  Charlevoix,  who  was  better  acquainted  with  French 
names  than  our  author,  calls  him  Bourgeois.  He'  was  one 
ofthe  principal  inhabitants  ofthe  place.  S)se  Hist.  Mai  II, 
09, 99.  Hutchinson,  ib.,  says,  that  "Church  calls  hiHa  Bif^- 
man.**  Perhaps  he  did  in  Ins  d«s|>atche«,  baf  it  is  it-olso 
ppelt  in  my  copy. 


FEENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


239 


gun  in  one  hand,  and  hia  cartridge  box  in  the  othei', 
[and]  callins  to  our  forces  to  stop,  that  he  might 
speak  with  them.  But  Major  Church  thinking  [that 
tliis]^  was  [done]  that  they  might  have  some  advan- 
tage, ordered  them  to  run  on.  When  the  said 
Bndgway  saw  [that]  they  would  not  stop,  turned 
and  ran.  But  tne  Major  called  unto  him,  and  bid 
him  stop,  or  he  should  be  shot  down.  Some  of  our 
forces  being  near  to  the  said  Bndgway,  said,  [that] 
it  was  the  General  that  called  to  him.  He  hearing 
that,  stopped  and  turned  about  laying  down  his  gun, 
stood,  till  the  Major  came  up  to  him.  His  desire 
was)  that  the  commander  would  make  haste  with 
him  to  his  house,  lest  the  savages*  should  kill  his 
father  and  mother,  who  were  upward  of  four  score 
years  of  age,  and  could  not  go.  The  Major  asked 
the  said  Bndgway  whether  there  were  any  Indians 
amongst  them,  and  where  they  lived  9  He  shaked 
his  head,  and  said,  he  durst  not  tell,  for  if  he  did, 
they  would  take  an  opportunity,  and  kill  him  and 
his.  So  all  that  could  be  got  out  of  him  was,  that 
they  were  run  into  the  woods  with  the  rest. 

Then  orders  w;ere  given  to  pursue  the  enemy, 
and  to  kill  What  Indians  they  could  find,  and  take 
the  French  alive,  and  give  them  quarter  if  they  ask- 
ed it. 

Our  forces  soon  took  three  Frenchmen,  who,  upf 
on  examination,  said,  that  the  Indians  were  all  run 
into  the  woods.  The  French  firing  several  guns, 
and  ours  at  them.^  But  they  being  better  acquain- 
ted with  the  woods  than  ours,  got  away.  The  Ma- 
jor took  the  abovesaid  Jarman  Bridgway  for  a  pilot, 
and  with  some  of  his  forces  went  over  a  river;  to 
several  of  their  houses,  but  the  people  were  gone, 
atid  [had]  carried  their  goods  with  them.  In  rang- 
ing  the  woods  [they]  found  several  Indian  houses, 

:?  '[it] 


«#■ 


*  Church's  savages. 


**■■ 


230 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


their  fires  being  just  out,  but  no  Indians;  Spending 
that  day  in  ranging  to  and  fro,  found  considehible 
of  their  goods,  aiid  but  few  people.  At  night  the 
Major  wrote  a  letter,  and  sent  out  two  French  pri- 
soners, wherein  was  signified,  that  if  they  would 
come  in,  they  should  have  good  quarters.  The 
next  day  several  came  in,  which  did  belong  to 
that  part  of  the  town  where  <»ur  forces  first  land- 
ed, [and]'  had  encouragements  given  them  by 
our  commander,  [viz.,]  that  if  they  would  assist 
him  in  taking  those  Indians,  which  belonged  to 
those  parts,  they  should  have  their  goods  re- 
turned to  them  again,  and  their  estates  should 
not  be  demnified;  [but]'  they  refused,*  Then 
the,  Major  and  his  forces  pursued  their  design.f 
ifwho]  8  [which] 


•  •Kt'.r 


•  What  Hutchinson,  II,  92,  observes  concerning  this  very 
severe  requisition,  is  too  just  to  b^  unnoticed.  "  This  was  a 
hard  condition,  and  in  effect,  obliging  them  to  auit  their 
country ;  for  otherwise,  as  soon  as  the  English  had  left  them 
without  sufficient  protection,  the  incensed  Indians  would 
have  fell  upon  them  without  mercy." 

t  "  Charlevoix  says,  (in  Hist.  Mas.  II,  92,  93,)  that  Bour- 
geois produced  a  writing,  by  which  Sir  William  Phips  had 
given  assurances  of  protection  to  the  inhabitants  of  Chignec- 
to,  whilst  they  remained  faithM  subj':cts  of  King  WilUam  ; 
and  that  Church  gave  orders  that  nothing  in  their  houses, 
&c.,  should  be  touched  :  but  whilst  he  was  entertained  by 
Bourgeois,  together  with  the  principal  officers,  the  rest  of  the 
army  dispersed  themselves  among  the  othsr  houses  and  be- 
haved as  if  they  had  been  in  a  conquered  country."  And, 
^*  that  m^ny  of  the  inhabitants,  not  trusting  to  the  promises 
of  the  General  [Church]  refused  to  come  in,  and  that  it  was 
very  well  they  did  ;  for  soon  after  he  broke  through  all 
bounds,  and  left  onlj  the  church  and  a  few  houses  and  barns 
standing  ,  and  having  discovered,  posted  up  in  the  church, 
an  order  of  Frontenac,  the  Governour  of  Canada,  for  the  re- 
gulation of  trade,  he  threatened  to  treat  them  as  rebels,  set 
nre  to  the  church,  and  the  hotpses  which  he  had  spared  «nd 
which  were  now  all  reduced  to  ashes  ;  and  having  done  this, 
he  presented  a  writing  which  he  told  them  was  an  acknowl- 
edgement of  their  having  renewed  their  subjection  to  King 
William,  and  would  be  a  security  to  them  in  case  any  Eng- 
lish should  again  l^nd  among  theic.*'    Before  regarding  this 


'TSS^^^^TSi 


FRANCU  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


231 


And  went  further  ransing  their  country,  found  seve- 
ral more  houses,  but  the  people  [had]  fled,  and  car- 
ried what  they  had  away.  But  in  a  creek  [they] 
found  a  prize  baik,  that  was  brought  in  'here  by  a 
French  privateer.  In  ranging  the  woods,  took  some 
prisoners,  who  upon  examination  gave  our  comman- 
der an  account,  that  there  were  some  Indians  upon 
a  neck  of  land,  towards  Menis.* 

So  a  party  of  men  was  sent  into  those  woods.  In 
their  ranging  about  the  said  neck,  found  some  plun- 
der, and  a  considerable  quantity  of  whortleberries, 
both  green  and  dry,  which  were  gathered  by  the  In- 
dians. [They]^  had  like  to  have  taken  two  Indians ; 
[but]*  by  the  help  of  a  birch  canoe  [they]  got  over 
the  river,  and  made  their  escape.  Also  they  found 
two  barrels  of  powder,  and  near  half  a  bushel  of  bul- 
lets. The  French  denying  [them]'  to  be  theirs,  [and] 
said  [that]  they  were  the  savages;  but  sure  it  might 
be  a  supply  for  our  enemies.  Also,  they  took  from 
Jarman  Bridgway  several  barrels  of  powder,  with 
bullets,  shot,  spears  and  knives,  and  other  supplies 
to  relieve  our  enemies.  He  owned  that  he  had  been 
trading  with  those  Indians  along  Cape  Sablef  shore, 
with  Peter  Asspow ;  and,  thii '  there  he  met  with  the 
French  ships,  and  went  along  /ith  them  to  St.  Johns, 
and  helped  them  to  unload  tiio  said  ships,  and  car- 
ried up  the  river  provisions,  ammunition  and  other 
goods  to  Vilboon's  fort.| 

The    Major  having  ranged  all   places  that  were 
thought  proper,  returned  back  to  the  place  where 
i[and]  9  [who]  3  [it] 

account  as  perfectly  correct,  it  should  he  rememhered  that 
the  Jesuit  Charlevoix  ever  portrays  the  affairs  of  the  French 
in  amiable  colours. 

*  On  a  hasin  of  the  east  arm  of  the  bay  between  Novasco 
titt  and  Newbrunswick.  Morse  spells  the  word  two  ways, 
VIZ.,  Mines  and  Minas. 

;*i;t  The  southwest  point  of  Novascotia. 

\  This  fort  was  upon  the  river  St.  Johns. 


2311 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAE& 


they  first  landed.  And  finding  several  prisonerac^aid 
in,  who  were  troubled  to  see  their  cattle,  sheep,  bogs 
and  dogs  lying  dend  about  their  houses,  chopped  and 
hacked  with  hatchets,  (which  was  done  without  order 
from  the  Major.)  However,  he  told  them)  [that]  it 
was  nothing  to  what  our  poor  English,  in  our  frontier 
towns,  were  forced  to  look  upon.  For  men,  women 
and  children  were  chopped  and  hacked  so,  and  left 
half  dead,  with  all  their  scalps  taken  off;  and  that 
they  and  their  Irdians  served  ours  so ;  and  our  sava- 
ges would  be  glad  to  serve  them  so  too,  if  he  would 
permit  them,  which  caused  them  to  be  mighty  sub- 
missive. And  [they]  begged  tlie  Major  that  he  would 
not  let  the  savages  serve  them  so. 

Our  Indians  being  somewhat  sensible  of  the  dis- 
course, desired  to  have  some  of  them  to  roast,  and  so 
to  msike  a  dance.  And  dancing  in  a  hideous  man- 
ner, to  terrify  them,  said,  that  they  could  eat  any 
sort  of  flesh,  and  that  some  of  theirs  would  make 
their  hearts  strong.  [And]  stepping  up  to  some  of 
the  prisoners,  said  that  they  must  have  their  scalps, 
which  much  terrified  the  poor  prisoners,  who  begged 
for  their  lives.  The  Major  told  them  [that]  he  did 
not  design  the  savages  should  hurt  them ;  but  it  was 
to  let  them  see  a  little  what  the  poor  English  felt, 
saying,  [that]  it  was  not  their  scalps  [that]  he  want- 
ed, but  the  savages;  for  he  should  get  nothing  by 
them ;  and  told  them,  that  their  fathers,  the  friars  and 
Governours  encouraged  their  savages,  and  gave  them 
money  to  scalp  oiir  English,  notwithstanding  they 
were  with  them,  which  several  of  our  English,  there 
present,  did  testify  to  their  faces,  that  their  fathers 
and  mothers  were  served  so  in  their  sight. 

But  the  Major  bid  them  tell  their  fathers,  (the  fri- 
ars and  Governours,)  that  if  they  still  persisted,  and 
let  their  wretched  savages  kill  and  destroy  the  poor 
English  at  that  rate,  he  would  come  with  some  hun- 
dreds of  savages,  and  let  them  loose  amongst  them, 
who  would  kill^  scalp,  ak  4  carry  away  every  Fr^ncji 


■^■■■?SiS"»"' 


»/-■ 


A" 


,-,.•-■ 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


^33 


>iieracdai« 
keep,  liogs 
oppediuid 
bout  order 
[that]  it 
ur  frontier 
Jn,  women 
o,  and  left 
ancl  that 
our  sava- 
he  would 
ighty  sub- 
he  would 

f  the  dis- 
ist,  and  so 
ious  man- 
1  eat  any 
lid  make 
>  some  of 
Jir  scalps, 
o  begged 
t]  he  did 
)ut  it  was 
jlish  felt, 
he  want- 
thing  by 
riars  and 
ive  them 
ing  they 
sh,  there 
r  fathers 

(the  fri- 
ted,  and 
he  poor 
ne  hun- 
)t  them, 
Frwch 


person  in  all  those  parts ;  (or  they  were  the  root  fWxn 
whence  all  the  branches  came,  that  hurt  us.  Fof 
the  Indians  could  not  do  us  any  harm,  if  they  [the 
French]  did  not  relieve  and  supply  them.  The 
French  being  sensible  of  the  Major's  kindness*  to 
them,  kissed  his  hand,  and*were  very  thankful  to  him 
for  his  favour  to  them  in  saving  their  lives.  [They] 
owned  that  their  priests*  were  at  the  taking  ofPeme- 
quid  fort,  and  v^ere  now  gone  to  Lay  hone,  with  some 
of  thelndibiis,  to  meet  the  French  ships,  but  for  what, 
they  would  not  tell. 

The  commander,  with  his  forces,  having  done  all 
they  could  in  those  parts,  concluded  to  go  to  St* 
Johns  river,  to  do  further  service  for  their  King  and 
country;  [so]  embarked  all  on  board  their  trans- 
ports.f  And  having  a  fair  wind,  soon  got  to  Mono- 
genest,];  which  lies  a  little  distance  from  the  mouth 
of  St.  Johns  river. 

Next  morning  early,  the  Major  with  his  forces, 
landed  to  see  what  discovery  they  could  make ;  [so 
they]  travelled  across  the  woods  to  the  old  fort  or 
falls  at  the  mouth  of  St.  Johns  river,  keeping  them- 
selves ui^discovered  from  the  enemy.  Finding  that 
there  were  several  men  at  work,  and  having  informed 
themselves  as  much  as  they  could,  (the  enemy  being 
on  the  other  side  of  the  river,  could  not  come  at 
them)  returned  back.  But  night  coming  on,  and 
dark  wet  weather,  with  bad  travelling,  were  obliged 
to  stop  in  the  woods  till  towards  next  day  morningi 
and  then  went  on  board. 

Soon  after  the  Major  ordered  all  the  vessels  to 
come  to  sail,  and  go  into  the  mouth  of  the  river. 
[That]  being  done,  it  was  not  long  before  the  Major 
and  his  foices  landed  on  the  east  side  of  the  river, 
the  French  firing  briskly  at  them,  but  did  them  no 

*  Castine  was  mentioned  as  being  there.    See  note,  page 

219. 

t  On  the  20  September.  *nml5«s^«  w^-  tipmff'wm 

f  Un  the  north  side  of  the  river.    '-     .-..-.        '  ^'" 

.     20*  .    .--"■;^;. .;■'■' 


334 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


harm.  And  running  fiercely  upon  the  enemy,  thev 
•oon  fled  into  the  woods.  Tne  Major  ordered  a  briik 
party  to  run  across  a  neck  to  cut  them  off  from  their 
canoes,  which  the  day  before  they  had  made  a  dis- 
colriory  of.  So  the  commander,  with  the  rest,  ran 
dtrebtly  towards  the  new  ftrt  [that]  they  were  build- 
ing, npt  knowing  but  [that]  they  had  some  ordnance 
mountbd.  The  enemy  running  directly  to  their  ca- 
noes, were  met  by  our  forces,  who  fired  at  them  and 
killed  one,  and  wounded  Corporal  Canton,  who  was 
taken.  The  rest  threw  down  what  they  had,  and  ran 
into  the  woods.  The  said  prisoner.  Canton,  being^ 
brought  to  the  Major,  told  him,  [that]  if  he  would 
let  his  surgeon  dress  his  wound  and  cure  him,  he 
would  be  serviceable  to  him  as  long  as  he  lived.  So 
being  dressed,  he  was  examined.  [He]^  gave  the 
Major  an  account  of  the  twelve  great  guns  which 
ivere  hid  in  the  beach,  below  high  water  mark. 
(The  carriages,  shot,  and  wheelbarrows,  some  flour 
and  pork,  all  hid  in  the  woods.) 

The  next  morning  the  officers  being  all  ordered, 
to  meet  together,  to  consult  about  going  to  Vilboon'ft 
fort,  and  none  amongst  them  being  acquainted 
but  the  Aldens,  who  said,  [that]  the  water  in  the 
river  was  very  low,  so  that  they  could  not  get  up  to, 
the  fort )  and  the  prisoner.  Canton,  told  the  Com- 
mander, that  what  the  Aldens  said  was  true.  So* 
not  being  willing  to  make  a  Canada  expedition,  con^ 
eluded  [that]  it  was  not  practicable  to  proceed.* 
Then  ordered  some  of  the  forces  to  get  the  great 
guns  on  board  the  open  sloops,  and  the  rest  to  range: 
the  woods  for  the  enemy,  who  took  one  prisoner  and 
brought  [him]  in.  [They]*  in  their  ranging,  found 
there  a  shallop,  hauied  in  a  creek.  And  a  day  or 
two  afler  there  came  in  a  young  soldier  to  our  forces*., 
i[Who]  9  [who] 

*  The  unsuccessful  attempt  on  Quebeck  by  Siir  William 
Phips,  which  was  rendered  abortive  by  the  latenns  of  the 
season,       . ._  ,•.      /,^,..^  .,,-.,'•7;  ■;•-,..  .;.r    j-: .- 


wh( 
whi 
imn 
in 


VEKNGH  AND  INDIAN  WAES. 


^35 


-lemy,  thev 
|red  a  briik 
from  their 
>acle  a  dis- 
rest,  ran 
ere  build- 
ordnance 
their  ca- 
them  and 
,  who  was 
Id,  and  ran 
on,  being- 
he  would 
5  him,  he 
lived.    So 
gave  the 
uns  which 
ter  mark, 
ome  flour 

II  ordered 
Vilboon'ft 
:quainted 
ter  in  the 
get  up  to. 
the  Com-, 
rue.     So. 
ion,  con^ 
roceed.* 
he  great 
to  range. 
>ner  and: 
?,  found 
i  day  or 
r  forceaij, 

WiUiam 
B  of  the 


who  upon  examination,  gave  an  account  of  two  mor^ 
which  he  left  ir  he  woods  at  some  distance.  So 
immediately  the  Major  with  some  of  his  forces  went 
in  pursuit  of  them,  taking  the  said  prisoner  with 
them,  who  conveyed  them  to  the  place  where  he  Jeft 
them,  but  they  were  gone.  [They]  then  askq^*^^ 
prisoner,  whether  there  were  any  Indians  injppae 
parts  9  [He]  said  No,  [that]  it  was  as  hard  for  VwSoon, 
their  Governour,  to  get  an  Indian  down  to  the  water 
side,  as  it  was  for  him  to  carry  one  of  those  great 
guns  on  his  back  to  his  fort.  For  they  having  had 
intelligence  by  a  prisoner  out  of  Boston  jail,  that 
gave  them  an  account  of  Major  Church  and  his  for* 
ces  coming  out  against  them. 

Now,  having  with  a  great  deal  of  pains  and  trou- 
ble, got  all  the  guns,  shot,  and  other  stores  aboard, 
intended  [to  proceed]  on  our  design,  which  we  came 
out  first  for.  But  tiie  wind  not  serving,  the  com** 
mander  sent  out  his  scouts  into  the  woods  to  seek 
for  the  enemy.  And  four  of  oiir  Indians  came  upon 
three  Frenchmen  undiscovered,  who  concluded,  that 
if  the  French  should  discover  them,  [they]  would 
fire  at  them,  and  might  kill  one  or  more  of  them ; 
which,  to  prevent,  fired  at  the  French,  killed  one, 
and  took  the  other  two  prisoners.  And  it  happened 
that  he  who  was  killed,  was  Shanelere,  the  chief 
man  there,  &c. 

The  same  day  they  mended  their  whale  boats, 
and  the  shallop  which  they  took ;  fitting  her  to  row 
with  eight  oars,  that  she  might  be  helpful  to  their 
prosecuting  their  intended  design  against  the  enemy, 
in  their  returning  homeward.  Then  the  commander 
ordering  all  the  officers  to  come  together,  informed 
them  of  his  intentions ;  and  ordered  that  no  vessels 
should  depart  from  the  fleet,  but  to  attend  the  mo- 
tions of  their  Commodore,  as  formerly ;  except  they 
were  parted  by  storms,  or  thick  fogs.  And  if  so,  it 
shoiild  happen  that  any  did  party  when  they  came  to 


-  '^. 


336 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


Passamequady,^  should  stop  there  awhile  ;  fat 
there  they  intended  to  stop  and  do  business,  with 
the  help  of  their  boats  against  the  enemy.  And  if 
they  missed  that,  to  stop  at  Machias,f  which  was 
the  next  place  [that]  he  mtended  to  stop  at.  Hav- 
i^lA  account  oy  the  prisoners  taken  that  Mr.  Late- 
r^]:%as  there,  a  tradmg  with  the  Indians  in  the 
river.  [And]  encouraging  them,  said,  [that]  he  did 
not  doubt  but  to  have  a  good  booty  there.  And  if 
they  should  pass  those  two  places,  be  sure  not  to  go 
past  Naskege^^  point ;  but  to  stop  there  till  he  came, 
and  not  to  depart  thence  in  a  fortnight  without  his 
orders ;  having  great  service  to  do  in  and  about  Pe^ 
<nobscot,  &c.  .   *^  ' 

Then  Major  Church  discoursed  with  Captain 
Bracket,  Captain  Hunewell,  and  Captain  Larking, 
(with  their  Lieutenants)  commanders  of  the  forces, 
belonging  to  the  eastward  parts,  who  were  to  dis- 
course their  soldiers  about  their  proceedings,  when 
they  came  to  Penobscot.  And  the  Major  himself 
was  to  discourse  his  Indian  soldiers,  and  their  Cap- 
tains, who  with  all  the  rest  readily  complied.  The 
projection  being  such,  that  when  they  came  to  Pe- 
nobscot, the  commander  designed  to  take  what  pro- 

*  Better  written  Passammaguaddy.  Coasters  call  it  Quod- 
dy.  It  is  a  deep  bay,  which  begins  the  separation  of  the 
British,  dominions  from  Maine. 

t  The  bay  of  Machias  is  separated  from  Passammaquoddy 
by  Pleasant  point  on  the  west.  A  river  flows  into  this  bay 
of  the  same  name,  on  which  is  the  town  of  Machias. 

1  Whpever  this  person  might  be,  we  hear  no  more  of  him, 
only  that  he  was  a  Frenchman,  and  had  a  family  at  Mount- 
desert  ;  that  he  was  taken  in  the  last  expedition ;  and  that 
his  name  was  o/(f  Lateril  or  Lotriell  according  to  the  early 
writers  who  mention  him,  which  of  course,  was  all  they  knew 
about  him. 

§  What  Sullivan  calls  Nauseag,  I  expect,  almost  up  to  the 
Kennebeck,  but  on  the  east  side,  and  now  within  the  town 
of  Woolwich.  "See  page  226,  of  this  history,  where  it  is  sj^lt 
Nasket.    ,.„„....,...<  ^...„-,.^, .......  .......4,., 


/~- 


ii^-, 


-ftate'  .■, 


VRBNCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS: 


337 


^Wle;    for 
iness,  with 
.And  if 
which  was 
at.     Hav- 
t  Mr.  Late- 
U18  in  the 
lat]  he  did 
e.    And  if 
not  to  go 
1  he  canfie, 
J^ithout  his 
about  Pe- 

»  Captain 
Larking, 
he  forces, 
•re  to  dis- 
igs,  when 
^r  himself 
heir  Cap- 
ed.  The 
ne  to  Pe- 
w^hat  pro- 

11  it  Quod- 
ion  of  th« 

tnaqudddy 
o  this  bay 

e  of  him, 
tt  Mount- 
and  that 
the  early 
ley  knew 

up  to  the 
the  town 
It  is  spelt 


Tifioiif  could  be  spared  out  of  all  the  sloopt,  and 
pot  [it]  on  board  the  two  brigantines,  and  to  send 
all  the  sloops  home  with  some  of  the  officers  and 
men  that  wanted  to  be  at  homo.  And  then  with 
those  forces  aforementioned,  to  unt,  the  eastward 
men,  and  all  the  Indians ;  and  to  taku  what  provi- 
lions  and  ammunition  was  needful,  and  to  march 
with  himself  up  into  the  Penobscot  country,  in 
search  of  the  enemy,  and  if  posssible  to  take  that 
fort  in  Penobscot  river.-  Captain  Bracket  informing 
the  Major,  that  when  the  water  was  low,  they  could 
wade  over,  which  was  at  that  time,  the  lowest  th&t 
had  been  known  in  a  long  time. 

And  being  there,  to  range  through  tliat  country 
down  to  Pemequid,  where  he  intended  [that]  the 
two  brigantines  should  meet  them ;  and  from  thence 
taking  more  provisions,  viz.,  bread,  salt,  and  ammu« 
iiition  suitable  (to  send  those  two  vessels  home  also) 
to  travel  through  the  country  to  Nerigiwack,*  and 
from  thence  to  Amerascogen  fort,  and  so  down 
where  the  enemy  used  to  plant.  Not  doubting  but 
that  in  all  this  travel  to  meet  with  many  of  the  ene- 
my before  they  should  get  to  Piscataqua.  All 
which  intentions  were  very  acceptable  to  the  forces 
that  were  to  undertake  it.  [AndP  rejoicing,  said, 
they  had  rather  go  home  \fy  land  than  by  water, 
provided  their  commander  went  with  them.  [Hfe,]* 
to  try  their  fidelity,  said  [that]  he  was  grown  an- 
cient, and  might  fail  them.  [But]  they  all  said  they 
would  not  leave  him,  and  when,  he  could  not  travel 
any  further,,  they  would  carry  him. 

Having  done  what  service  they  could,  at  and 
about  the  mouth  of  St.  Johns  river,  resolved  on  their 
i[who]  »[who] 

--III      m-^—-  ^     _      I     -  ■  -      ,  -    ■^-   -  .        . ^ 

*  Norridgewock.  This  name  has  been  sabject  to  slmort 
as  many  methods  of  spelling,  as  its  neighbour,  Androscoggin. 
It  was  an  ancient  celebrated  Indian  town  on  the  Kennebeek 
river,  about  84  miles  from  its  mouth  by  the  coarse  of  the  riv«r« 
BlOlivan,  SI,  8«, 


■T^"^T' 


338 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


Ihtended  desiffn.  And  the  next  morninff,  having 
but  little  wind,  came  all  to  pail.  The  wind  cominc 
against  them  they  put  into  Mushquash  cove.  And 
the  next  day  the  wind  being  still  aeainst  them,  the 
Major  with  part  of  his  forces  landed,  and  employed 
themselves  m  ranging  the  country  for  the  enemy, 
but  to  no  purpose.  [But]^  in  the  night  the  wind 
came  pretty  fair,  and  at  twelve  o'clock  they  came  to 
sail.  [They]'  had  not  been  out  long  before  they 
spied  three  sail  of  vesseb ;  expecting  them  to  be 
French,  fitted  to  defend  themselves.  So  comins 
near,  hailed  them,  [andP  found  them  to  be  a  man  of 
war,  the  province  galley,  and  old  Mr.  Alden^  in  a 
sloop,  with  more  forces.  Colonel  Hathornef  com- 
mander. 

Major  Church  went  aboard  the  Commodore,  where 
Colonel  Hathome  was,  who  gave  him  an  account  of 
his  commission,  and  orders,  and  read  them  to  him. 
Then  his  honour  told  Major  Church,  that  there  was 
a  particular  order  on  board  Captain  Southackfor  him, 
which  is  as  followeth.  v? 

[To  Major  Benjamin  ChurchJ] 

"  Bostouy  S^terriber  9tht  1696. 
Sir, 

^  His  Majestv's  ship  Orford,  having  lately  surprised 
a' French  shallop,  with  twenty  three  of  the  soldiers 
i[and]  «[and]  3  [Who] 

*  The  same  often  mentioned  in  the  preceding  pages.  See 
note  S,  on  page  196.  He  was  in  1692  imprisoned  for  witch- 
craft, and  previously  examined  by  Hawthorn,  under  whom 
he  appears  in  this  expedition.  See  Hutchinson,  H,  50,  and 
94. 

t  Col.  John  Hathome  or  Hawthorn.  This  gentleman, 
however  unfit  he  might  be  to  succeed  Church,  it  is  certain 
that  he  may  now  be  better  employed  than  when  committing 
vfitehes  at  Salem.  I  learn  little  of  him,  excepting  what  may 
be  seen  in  Hutchinson,  and  Calef.  Perhaps  he  was  a  son  of 
William  Hawthorn,  the  first  speaker  of  the  court  of  Massa- 
chusetts, upon  record.  Hist.  Mas.  1, 150.  He  was  quite  ac- 
tive in  these  wars,  also  in  the  former.  Nothing  very  brilliant 
appears  to  have  been  performed  under  his  comiuand. 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


239 


ig,  hairing 
la  coming 
ove.     And 
them,  the 
employed 
t»e  enemy, 
the  wind 
By  came  to 
efore  they 
lem  to  be 
^o  cominff 
i  a  man  of 
iden*  in  a 
net  com- 
■  -.' • 

ore,  where 
ceount  of 
m  to  him. 
there  was 
bk  for  him, 


i,  1696. 

surprised 
i  soldiers 


[>ages.  See 

for  witch- 

idcr  whom 

II,  50,  and 

;entleman, 
is  certain 
[>mmitting 
what  may 
IS  a  son  of 
of  Massa- 
t  auite  ac- 

r  orilliant 
1 


belonffing  to  the  fort  upon  Johns  river,  in  Novascotia, 
together  with  Villeau,  their  Captain,  providence 
seems  to  encourage  the  forming  of  an  expedition  to 
attack  that  fort,  and  to  disrest  and  remove  the  enemy 
from  that  post,  which  is  the  chief  source  from  whence 
the  most  of  our  disasters  do  issue,  and  also  to  favour 
with  an  opportunity  for  gaining  out  of  their  hands 
the  ordnance,  artillery,  and  other  warlike  stores,  and 
provisions,  lately  supplied  to  them  from  France,  for 
erecting  a  new  fort  near  the  river's  mouth,  whereby 
they  whI  be  ereatly  strengthened,  and  the  reducing 
of  them  rendered  more  difficult.  I  have  therefore 
ordered  a  detachment  of  two  new  companies,  con- 
sisting of  about  an  hundred  men  to  join  the  forces 
now  with  you  for  that  expedition,  and  have  commis- 
sionated  Lieutenant  Colonel  John  Hathorne,  one  of 
the  members  of  his  Majesty's  council,  who  is  ac- 
quainted with  that  river,  and  in  whose  courage  and 
conduct  I  repose  special  trust  to  take  the  chief  com- 
mand of  the  whole,  during  that  service,  being  well 
assured  that  our  good  affections  and  zeal  for  his 
Majesty's  ivi  will  induce  your  ready  compliance 
and  assistance  tiierein,  which,  I  hope,  will  take  up 
no  long  time,  and  be  of  great  benefit  and  advantage 
to  these  his  Majesty's  territories,  if  it  please  God  to 
succeed  the  same.  Besides,  it  is  very  probable  to 
be  the  fairest  opportunity,  that  can  be  offered  unto 
yourself  and  men,  of  doing  execution  upon  the  In- 
dian enemy  and  rebels,  who  may  reasonably  be  ex- 
pected to  be  drawn  to  the  d<  fence  of  that  fort.  I 
have  also  ordered  his  Majesty's  ship  Arundel,  and 
^e  province  Galley  to  attend  this  service. 

Colonel  Hathorne  will  communicate  unto  you  the 
contents  of  his  commission  and  instructions  received 
from  myself  for  this  expedition,  which  I  expect  and 
order  that  yourself,  officers  and  soldiers,  now  under 
you,  yield  obedience  unto.  He  is  to  advise  with 
yourself  and  others  in  all  weighty  attempts.  Pray- 
ing for  a  blei^ng  from  Heaven  upon  the  said  ent*2|:^ 


S40 


FBRNCH  AVD  INDIAN  WARS. 


prisey  mad  that  all  engaged  in  the  same  may  be  under 
the  special  proteotibn  of  the  Almighty.    I  am  your 

loving  friend, 

WILLIAM  STOUGHTON.** 

'  The  Major  haviiig  read  his  last  orders,  and  con- 
sidering his  commission,  found  that  he  was  obliged 
to  attend  all  orders,*  &c.,  was  much  concerned  that 
he  and  his  were  prevented  in  their  intended  projec- 
tion, if  carried  back  to  St.  Johns.  Then  discoursing 
with  ColoneMIathorne,  gave  him  an  account  ot  what 
thev  had  done  at  St.  Johns,  viz.,*  that  as  to  the  de- 
molishing the  new  fort,  they  had  done  it ;  and  [had] 
got  all  their  great  guns  and  btores  aboard  their  ves- 
vsels.  And,  that  if  it  had  not  been  that  the  waters 
I  were  so  low,  would  have  taken  the  fort  up  tlie  river 
also,  before  he  came  away.  Told  hiin  also,  that 
one  of  the  prisoners  which  he  had  taken  at  St.  Johns, 
upon  examination,  concerning  the  Indians  in  those 
parts,  told  him,  [that}  it  was  as  hard  for  Vilboon  their 
Govemour,  to  get  one  of  their  Indians  down  to  the 
water  side,  as  to  carry  one  of  those  great  guns  upon 
bis  back.  And  that  they  had  an  account  of  him 
[Church,]  and  his  forces'  coming  to  those  parts  by  a 
prisoner  out  of  Boston  jail.  Also,  told  his  honour, 
that  if  they  went  back  it  would  wholly  disappoint 
them  of  their  doing  any  further  service,  which  was 
[w^  '«t]^  they  came  for  to  Penobscot,  and  places  ad- 
jacent.    But  all  was  to  no  purpose.    His  honour  veil- 

1  [that] 

*^  Charch  coald  not  but  be  oJQfended  at  such  boyish  conduct, 
which  will  more  fully  appear  in  the  ensuing  narration.  Im- 
portant service,  perhaps,  might  have  been  done  in  the  exe- 
cationof  the  plan  that  Chiirch  and  his  forces  were  then  about 
to  enter  upon.  They  would  doubtless  have  relieved  the  eastw 
cm  people  from  their  garrisons  in  which  they  had  most  o£' 
the  year  been  shut  up.  The  savages  had  hovei^ed  around 
the  settlements  from  Pascataqua  to  their  extent  eastward,. 
and  had  between  the  7  May,  and  18  October,  killed  and  ta- 
ken about  84  of  the  inhabitants ;  94  hfinc  of  %m  former  nunn 
her.    See  Magnalia,  II,  b49,  $Q. 


FRENCH  AKD  INDIAN  WARS. 


341 


ing  the  Miyor  that  he  must  attend  his  orden  then 
receiYcd.* 

And  to  encourage  the  officers  arid  soldiers,  told 
them,  [that]  they  should  be  wholly  at  the  Major's 
ordering  and  command  in  the  whole  action.  And  to 
be  short  did  go  back  and  the  event  may  be  seen  in 
Colonel  Hatlrame's  journal  of  the  said  action.f 

Only  I  must  observe  one  thing  by  the  way,  which 
was,  that  whe:i  they  drew  off  to  come  down  the  riv* 
er  again.  Colonel  Hathorne  came  off  and  left  the  Ma- 
jor behind  to  see  that  all  the  forces  were  drawn  off. 
And  coming  down  the  river,  in  or  near  the  rear,  in 
the  night,  heard  a  person  halloo.      Not  knowing  at 

—— >— — ^^^i*iK— ^i^wM— >— ■!■   Ill        I  ■■^^■^w^— ^»^— — ■  i>  I  iii—i     !■        Ill  — ^M>  —— — 1^1  ■.i>Mi— .JM*!^^— ..a^^j— MW 

■     •  • 

*  The  saperceding  or  Church,  ^ys  Hutehinson,  II,  94, 
"was  an  impolitic  measure,  unless  any  misconduct  in  Church 
made  it  necessary  that  he  should  he  superceded,"  But  noiu- 
ing  of  that  kind  is  made  appear,  and  can  be  accounted  tbr, 
only,  hy  supi)08ine  that  Stouffhton  had  not  fully  recov«rec 
from  the  debility  he  had  received  in  the  late  Witeh  Crtuade 

t  The  iournal  of  Hathorne,  referred  to,  is  undoubtedly 
lost,  which  we  have  to  regret.  Perhaps  Hutchinson  had  the 
use  of  it,  as  the  account  which  he  gives  of  the  expedition  is 
somewhat  particular.  He  mentions^  11,  94,  5,  that  Villebon 
had  timely  notice  of  their  object,  and  the  reinforcement :  and 
accordin^y  had  made  the  hest  arrangements  he  could  to  re- 
ceive them.  They  effected  a  landing  on  the  7  October,  not 
however  without  considerable  opposition.  The  same  day 
they  raised  a  battery,  and  planted  two  fieldpieces  upon  it. 
With  these  and  their  siriall  arms  they  commenced  an  Mtaek 
upon  the  fort,  which  was  answered.  The  following  nigftrt 
being  very  cold,  the  English  made  fires  to  keep  them  from 
periling.  But  this  being  a  sure  mark  for  the  enemy's  caiH 
•  non,  were  obliged  to  put  them  out,  and  suffer  the  inclemency 
of  the  weather.  Church's  men  suffering  more  extremely, 
being  almost  bare  of  clothing  from  their  long  service.  Dis* 
eouragement  now  seized  them,  and  they  drew  off  the  next 
night.  Mather  makes  lo  reflections  on  the  planning  and 
executing  of  this  expedition.  "  The  difficulty  of  the  cold 
season  so  discouraged  our  men,  that  aftec.  the  making  of 
some  few  shot  the  enterprise  found  itself  under  too  mueh 
eortgeloHon  to  proceed  any  further."  So  he  savs,  Magnalia, 
11,  &50»    No  account  is  given  tbat  any  were  kiUed.  ,^^^. 

21  ^i:"?* 


24f 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


first,  but  it  might  be  a  snare  to  draw  them  into  ^  but 
upon  consideration,  sent  to  see  who  or  what  he  was, 
and  found  him  to  be  a  Negro  man  belonging  tO'Mar- 
blehead,  that  had  been  taken  and  kept  a  prisoner 
amongst  them  for  some  time.  The  Major  asked  him, 
whetlier  he  could  give  any  account  of  the  Indians 
in  those  parts  ?  He  scud  Yes,  they  were  or  had  been 
all  drawn  off  from  the  sea  coast,  up  into  the  woods 
near  an  hundred  miles.  [They]  having  had  an  ac- 
count by  a  prisoner  out  of  Boston  jail,  that  Major 
Church  and  his  forces  were  coming  out  against  them 
in  four  brigantines,  and  four  sloops,  with  twentyfour 
pettiaugers,  (meaning  whale  boats)  which  put  them 
into  [such]  a  fright,  that  notwithstanding  they  were 
so  fai  up  in  the  woods,  were  afraid  to  make  fires  by 
day,  lest  he  and  his  forces  should  discover  the 
smokes,  and  in  the  night  lest  they  should  see  the 
light.  ;^ 

One  thing  more  I  would  just  give  a  hint  of,  that 
is,  how  the  French  in  the  eastward  parts  were  much 
surprised  at  the  motion  of  the  whale  boats.  [They] 
said,  [that]  there  was  no  abiding  for  them  m  that 
country.  And  I  have  been  informed  since,  that 
soon  after  this  expedition,  they  drew  off  from  St. 
Johns  fort  abd  river.  ■        .  -  -m 

But  to  return.  Then  going  all  down  the  river,' 
embarked  and  went  homeward.  Only  by  the  way, 
candid  reader,  I  would  let  you  know  of  two  things 
that  proved  very  prejudicial  to  Major  Church  and  his 
forces.  The  first  was,  that  the  government  should 
miss  it  so  much  as  to  send  any  prisoner  away  from 
Boston  before  the  expedition  was  over.  Secondly, 
that  they  should  send  Colonel  Hathorne  to  take  them 
from  the  service  and  business  they  went  to  do ;  who, 
by  submission,  doubtless  thought  [that]  they  did  for 
the  bedt  though  it  proved  to  the  contrary.  ^ 

So  [I]  shall  wind  up  with  a  just  hint  of  what  hap* 
pened  at  their  eoming  home  to  Boston.    After  all 


'.X.X 


/,/*."  :  .Vi  J»K  sJtS.       :.:■''  .il  . 


« 


VBENCH  and  INDIAjrWiRS. 


243 


o;  but 
le  was, 
tO'Mar- 
risoner 
ed  him, 
[ndians 
d  been 

woods 
an  ac- 

Major 
St  them 
ityfour 
It  them 
Y  were 
ires  by 
er  the 
see  the 

>f,  that 
\  much 
[They] 
m  that 
e,  that 
>m  St. 

river, 
B  way, 
thinffs 
indhis 
should 
7  from 
ondly, 
»them 

who, 
lid  for 

t  hap- 
ler  all 


their  hard  service  both  night  and  day,  the  goverii- 
ment  took  away  all  the  great  guns  and  warlike 
stores  and  gave  them  not  a  penny  for  them  (except 
it  was  some  powder,  and  that  they  gave  what  they 
pleased  for.)  And  besides  the  assembly  passed  a  vote 
that  they  should  have  but  half  pay.  But  his  honour 
the  Lieutenant  Govemour  being  much  disturbed  at 
their  so  doing,  went  into  the  town  house,  lyliere  the 
representatives  were  sitting,  and  told  them,  except 
they  dui  reassume  that  vote,  which  was  to  cut  Major 
Church  and  his  forces  on  their  half  pay,  they  should 
sit  there  till  the  next  spring.  -  Whereupon  it  was  re- 
assumed.  So  that  they  had  iust  their  bare  wages. 
But  as  yet,  never  had  any  allowance  for  the  great 
guns  and  stores;  neither  has  Major  Churph  had  any 
allowance  for  all  his  travel  and  great  expenses  in 
raising  the  said  forces^  volunteers. 


THE   FIFTH   AND   LAST  EXPEDITION  EAST. 

In  the  year  1703-4,  Major  Church  had  an  account 
of  the  miserable  devastieitions  made  on  Deerfield,^  a 
town  in  the  westward  parts  of  this  province,f  and 
the  horrible  barbarities,  and  cruelties  exercised  on 
those  poor  innocent  people  by  the  French  and  In- 
dians ;  especially  of  their  cruelties  towards  thatwor- 
thy  gentlewoman  Mrs.  Williams,  and  several  others, 
whom  they  marched  in  that- extreme  season ;  forcing 
ther  Lo  carry  great  loads.  And  when  any  of  them 
by  their  hard  usage  could  not  bear  with  it,  [they] 
were  knocked  on  the  head,  and  so  killed  in  cool 
blood.  All  which,  with  some  other  horrible  instan- 
ces done  by  those  barbarous  savages,  which  Major 
Church  himself  was  an  eye  witness  to  in  his  former 
travel  in  the  eastward  parts,  did  much  astonish  him. 

PMMI     I    ^l-i— *—    ■■  ■■■■■■    ■II-.-  — ■■■!«    ■    M.  I    immmi  ■^.l    ■iMii     i  i       ■■  ■     ■  »         <     ■        i  »      i  ■         ■ 

>H*  A  more  particular  account  of  the  "  Destruction  of  Deer- 
field"  will  be  given  in  the  IX.  Appendix  to  this  history. 

t  On  Connecticut  river,  about  00  miles  from  Boiiton. 


244 


FRENCH  ANB  INDIAN  WAES, 


hi 


,To  see  a  wcman  that  those  barbarcus  savagef 
Had  taken  and  kilied,  exposed  in  a  most  brutish  maa- 
ner  (as  can  h6  ex]^3ssed)  with  a  young  child  seized 
fttst  with  strings  to  her  breast.  [The]^  infant  had 
no  apparent  wOkind,  which  doubtless  was  left  alive 
to  suck  its  dead  mother's  breast,  and  so  miserably  to 
perish  and  die.  Also  to  see  other  poor  children 
hanging  .upon  fences,  dead,  of  either  sex,  in  their 
own  poor  rags,  not  worth  stripping  them  of,  in  scorn 
and  derision. 

Another  instance  was,  of  a  straggling  soldier,  who 
was  found  at  Casco,  exposed  in  a  shameiul  and  bar< 
barous  manner.  His  body  being  staked  up,  his  head 
cut  off,  and  a  hog's  head  set  in  the  room ;  his  body 
ripped  up,  and  his  heart  and  inwards  taken  out,  and 
private  members  cutoff,  and  hudg  with  belts  of  their 
own,  the  inwards  at  one  side  of  his  body,  and  his 
privates  at  the  other,  in  scorn  and  derision  of  the 
English  soldiers,  &.C.  ' 

These  and  such  like  barbarities  caused  Major 
Chtrch  to  express  himself  to  this  purpose.  That 
if  he  were  commander  in  chief  of  these  provinces, 
he  would  soon  put  an  end  to  those  barbarities,  done 
by  the  barbarous  enemy,  by  making  it  his  whole  bu- 
siness to  fight  and  destroy  those  savages  as  they  did 
our  poor  neighbours,  which  doubtless  might  have 
been  done  if  rightly  managed,  and  that  in  a  short 
time,  d^c.  So  that  these  with  the  late  inhumanities 
done  upon  the  inhab'tants  of  Deerfield,  made  such 
an  impression  on  his  h  art,  as  cannot  well  be  express- 
ed. So  that  his  blood  boiled  within  him,  making 
such  impulses  on  his  mind,  that  he  forgot  all  former 
treatments,  which  were  enough  to  hinder  any  man, 
especially  the  sfiid  Major  Churc*h,  from  doing  any 

further  service.    .>  :.;:,j;.*  ul^^^.fe|f-< 

Notwithstanding  all  which,  bavins  a  mind  to  take 

some  satisfaction  on  the  enemy,  his  neart  being  fiill, 

took  his  horse  and  went  from  his  own  habitation, 


f; 


■i^^tr-f^   wr«'4:.  ',ji:m' 


Cwhich] 


j^vwt  .U'm.cr-^'^n;3^li  atsi' 


FRENCH  ANP  INDf  AN  WARS. 


245 


ovagef 
hmao- 
seised 
Lilt  had 
ft  alive 
ably  to 
hildren 
their 
1  scorn 


i^i. 


,  who 
d  bar- 
is  head 
is  body 
lit,  and 
>f  their 
uid  his 
of  the 

Major 
That 
yinces, 
},  done 
ole  bu- 
ley  did 
t  have 
1  short 
anities 
€  such 
cpress- 
(laking 
former 
Y  man, 
g  any 

o  take 
gfoll, 
Mitioiii 


near  seventy  miles,  to  wait  upon  his  excellency,  and 
offered  his  service  to  the  Queen,*  his  excellency 
and  the  country ;  which  his  excellency  readily  ac- 
cepted of,  and  desired  Major  Church  to  draw  a 
Scheme  for  the  ensuing  action,  or  actions.  So  tak- 
ing leave  went  home,  and  drew  it,  which  is  as  fol- 
loweth. 

^^  Tiverton,  February  5,  170S-4, 
May  it  please  your  ExceUency —  a# 

According  to  your  request,  when  I  was  last  with 
yourself,  and  in  ob  3  iience  thereunto,  I  present  you 
with  these  following  lines,  that  concern  the  prepariK- 
tion  for  next  spring's  expedition,  to  attack  the  ene- 
my. According  to  my  former  direction ;  for  it  is 
good  to  have  a  full  stroke  at  them  first,  before  they 
have  opportunity  to  run  for  it.  For  the  first  of  out 
action  will  be  our  opportunity  to  destroy  them,  and 
to  prevent  their  running  away,  in  waylaying  every 
passage,  and  make  them  knpw  we  are  in  good 
earnest.  And  so  we  being  in  a  diligent  use  of  means, 
we  may  hope  for  a  blessing  from  the  Almighty,  and 
that  he  will  be  pleased  to  put  a  dread  in  their  hearts, 
that  they  may  fall  before  us  and  perish.  For  my  ad- 
vice is. 

First.  That  ten  or  twelve  hundred  good  able  sol- 
diers, well  equipped,  be  in  a  readiness  fit  for  action, 
by  the  first  of  April  at  farthest ;  for  then  will  be 
the  time  to  be  upon  action. 

\  Secondly.  That  five  and  forty  or  fifty,  good 
whaleboats  be  had  ready,  well  fitted  with  five  good 
oars  and  twelve  or  fifteen  good  paddles  to  every  boat. 

' '  ■'■        ■-.^'  I  '  .         I       I     1.1      — y.^   II  I        I      II      111  Ml  ■.—   ■■_. ■ 

^  *  Anne,  who  came  to  the  throne  of  England  in  1703.  She 
reigned  until  her  death  in  1714,  and  then  the  line  of  Geor- 

!;es  commenced.  This  war  which  began  in  1703  is  general- 
y  called  Queen  Anne's  war.  Dr.  Douglass  calls  it  "  Dud- 
ley's Indian  War."  But  this  must  be  regarded  as  one  of 
his  loos?  denominations,  for  the  war  had  already  originated 
when  Gov.  Diidley  entered  upon  his  office. 


'T^yx' 


240 


FRKNCH  AND  INDIAN  WASa 


Anjd  upon  the  wale  of  each  boat,  five  pieces  of  ttrong* 
leather  be  fastened  on  each  side  to  slip  five  small  ash 
bars  through ;  that  so,  whenever  they  land,  the  men 
may  step  overboard,  and  slip  in  said  bars^  across,  and 
take  ap  said  boat  that  she  may  not  be  hurt  asainst 
the  rocks.  And  that  two  suitable  brass  kettles  be 
provided  to  belong  to  each  boat  to  dress  the  men's 
victuals  in  to  make  their  lives  comfortable. 

Thirdly.  That  four  or  five  hundred  pairs  of  good 
Indian  shoes  be  made  ready,  fit  for  the  service  for 
the  English  and  Indians,  that  must  improve  the  whale 
boats  and  birch  canoes ;  for  they  will  be  very  proper 
and  safe  for  that  service.  And  let  there  be  a  good 
store  of  cow  hides  well  tanned,  for  a  supply  of  such 
shoes,  and  hemp  to  make  thready  and  wax  to  mend 
and  make  more  such  shoes  when  wanted,  and  a  good 
store  of  awls. 

Fourthly.  That  there  be  an  hundred  large  hatch- 
ets, or  light  axest  made  pretty  broad,  and  steeled  with 
the  best  steel  that  can  be  got,  and  made  by  work- 
men, .that  [they]  may  cut  very  well,  and  hold,  that 
the  hemlock  knots  may  not  break  or  turn  them,  to 
widen  the  l«uiding  place  up  the  falls.  For  it  may 
happen  that  we  may  get  up  with  some  of  our  whale- 
boats  to  their  falls  or  headquarters. 

Fifthly.  That  there  be  a  suitable  quantity  of  small 
bags,  or  wallets  provided,  that  every  man  that  wants 
may  have  one  to  put  up  h?3  bullets  in,  of  such  a  sizo 
as  will  fit  his  gun,  (and  not  be  served  as  at  Casco.^) 
That  every  man's  bag  be  so  marked  that  he  may  not 
change  it.  For  if  so,  it  will  make  a  great  confusion 
in  action.  That  every  man's  store  of  ball  be  weigh- 
ed to  him,  that  so  he  may  be  accountable  and  may 
not  squander  it  away  and  also  his  store  of  powder, 
that  so  he  may  try  his  powder  and  gun  before  action. 
And  that  every  particular  company  may  have  a  bar- 

i:  *  These  most  of  their  shot  was  so  large  that  it  w«s  usele^ 
only  as  it  was  hammered,  and  was  not  discovered  until 
an  engagement  took  place  with  the  enemy^     See  page  166. 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAKS. 


MT 


f  •trong' 
mall  ash 
the  men 
OSS,  and 
affainst 
sttles  be 
le  men's 

of  good 

■vice  for 

e  whale 

^  proper 

a  good 

of such 

to  mend 

a  good 

B  hatch- 
led  with 
y  work- 
>Id,  that 
;hem,  to 
r  it  may 
whale- 

)f  snmll 
it  wants 
ti  a  sizo 
asco.*) 
lay  not 
nfusion 
weigh- 
d  may 
owder, 
action, 
a  bar- 

useleds, 
d  until 
el66. 


rel  of  powder  to  themselves  and  so  marked  thil  k 
may  bv  no  means  be  i'liarged.  That  men  may  know 
oerorehand,  and  may  not  be  cheated  out  of  their 
lives,  by  having  bad  powder,  or  not  knowing  how  to 
use  it.  And  this  will  prove  a  great  advantage  to 
the  action. 

Sixthly. .  That  Colonel  John  G  )rham,  if  he  may 
be  prevailed  with,  may  be  concerned  in  the  manage^ 
ment  of  the  whale  boats,  he  having  been  formerly 
concerned  in  the  eastern  parts  and  experienced  in  ■ 
that  affair.  And  whalemen  then  will  be  very  service- 
abk  in  this  expedition,  which  having  a  promise  made 
to  them,  that  they  shall  be  released  in  good  season, 
to  go  home  a  whaling  in  the  fall,  your  excellency 
will  have  men  enough. 

Seventhly.  That  there  may  be  raised  for  this  ser- 
vice three  hundred  Indians  at  least,  and  more  if  they 
may  be  had;  for  I  know  certainly^  of  my  own  know- 
ledge that  they  exceed  most  of  our  English  in  bunt- 
ing and  skulking  in  the  woods,  being  always  used  to 
it.  And  it  must  be  practised  if  ever  we  intend  to 
destroy  those  Indian  enemies. 

Eighthly.  That  tl  soldiers  already  out  eastward 
in  the  service,  men  of  known  judgment,  may  take  a 
survey  of  them  and  their  arms,  and  see  if  their  arms 
be  good  and  they  know  how  to  use  them  in  shooting 
right,  at  a  mark,  and  that  they  be  men  of  good  reason 
and  sense  to  know  how  to  manage  themselves  in  so 
difficult  a  piece  of  service  as  this  Indian  hunting  is, 
for  bad  men  are  but  a  clog  and  hinderance  to  an 
army,  being  a  trouble  and  vexation  to  good  coin* 
manders,  and  so  many  mouths  to  devour  the  country's 
provision,  and  a  hinderance  to  all  good  actions. 

Ninthly.  That  special  care  be  had  in  taking  up 
the  whaleboats  that  they  be  good,  and  fit  for  that 
service,  so  that  the  country  be  not  cheated  as  for- 
merly in  having  rotten  boats  and  as  much  care  that 
the  owners  may  have  good  satisfaction  for  them. 

TeQthiy.    That  the  tenders  or  ttniapfotSf  v< 


.-■•^: 


fm: 


««W^^v 


346 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


to  be  improved  in  this  action,  be  good  decked  vessels, 
not  too  Dig  becatiae  of  going^up  several  rivers  hav- 
ing four  or  six  small  guns  apiece  for  defence,  and 
^he  fewer  men  will  defend  Hiem,  and  there  are 
enough  such  vessels  to  be  had. 

Eleventhly.  To  conclude  all,  if  your  excellency 
will  be  pleased  to  make  yourself  great  and  us  a  hap- 
py people,  as  to  the  destroying  of  t>ur  enemies  and 
easing  of  our  taxes,  dLC,  be  pleased  to  draw  forth  all 
those  focces  now  ii^  p&y  in  all  the  eastward  parts, 
both  at  Saco  sail  Casro  bay,  for  those  two  trading 
houses  never  did  any  good  nor  ever  will,  and  arc  not 
worthy  the  name  of  Queen's  forts ;  and  the  first 
building  of  them  had  no  other  effect  but  to  lay  us 
undet  tribute  to  that  wretched  pagan  crew ;  and  I 
hope  will  never  be  wanted  for  that  they  were  drst 
built;  [ — ^]*  but  sure  it  is,  they  are  very  serviceable  to 
them;  for  they  get  many  a  gdod  advantage  of  us  to 
destroy  our  men  and  laush  at  us  for  our  folly,-  that 
we  shouiv^  be  at  so  much  cost  and  trouble  to  do  a 
thing  that  does  us  so  much  harm,  and  no  manner  of 
good :  but  to  the  contrajy  when  they  see  all  our  for- 
ces drawn  forth,  and  in  pursuit  of  them  they  will 
think  that  we  begin  to  be  roused  up,  and  to  be  awake 
and  will  not  be  satisfied  with  what  they  have  pleased 
to  leave  us,  but  are  resolved  to  retake  from  them 
that  they  took  formerly  from  us,  and  drive  them  out 
of  their  country  also.  The  which  being  done,  then 
to  build  a  fort  at  a  suitable  time,  and  in  a  convenient 
place,  and  it  will  be  very  honourable  to  your  excel- 
lency, and  of  great  service  to  her  Majesty,  and  to 
the  enlargement  of  her  Majesty's  government  (the 
place  meant  being  at  Portroyal.) 

Twelflhly.  That  the  objection  made  against  draw- 
ing off  the  forces  in  the  eastward  parts  will  be  no 
damage  to  the  inhabitants,  for  former  experience 
teaeheth  us  that  so  soon  as  drawn  into  their  country, 
they  will  presently  forsake  ours  to  take  care  of  their 
own*    And  that  there  be  no  failure  in  making  pre- 


;«../.:  ;;ii.:v 


iBP!!(?SIPSKK8^-*^ 


FEKNCH  AND  INDIAN  WAB8. 


349 


d 


I  vessels, 
ers  liav- 
ice, 
ere 

cellency 
s  a  hap- 
lies  and 
forth  all 
parts, 
trading 
arc  not 
the  first 

0  lay  us 
;  and  I 
ere  first 
sable  to 
af  us  to 
lly,  that 
to  do  a 
nner  of 
our  for- 
ey  will 

•  awake 
pleased 

1  them 
em  out 
e,  then 
'enient 
excel- 
and  to 
It  (the 

draw- 
be  no 
rience 
untry, 
^  their 
f  pre- 


paration of  these  things  aforementioned;  ibr  mmuf 
times  the  want  of  small  things  prevents  the  complet- 
ing of  great  actions.  And  that  every  thing  be  in. 
readiness  before  the  forces  bo  raised  to  prevent 
charges,  and  the  enemy's  havikig  intelligence.  And 
that  the  general  C9urt  be  moved  to  make  suitable 
acts  for  the  encouraging  both  English  and  Indians. 
th.z,l  so  men  of  business  may  freely  offer  estates  ana 
concerns  to  serve  the  piiblick. 

Thus  hoping  what  I  have  taken  the  pains  to  wnie 
in  the  sincerity  of  my  heart,  and  -^ood  affection,  w^ll 
be  well  accepted,  I  m  ike  bold  to  subscribe  as  I  vk; 
your  exciellency's  most  devoted  humble  servant, 

BENJAMIN  CHURCH.'* 

Then  returning  to  his  excellency,  presented  the 
said  scheme,  which  his  excellency  approved  of,  and 
returned  it  again  to  Major  Church,  and  desired  htm 
to  see  that  every  thing  was  provided ;  telling  him 
he  should  have  an  order  from  the  commissary  Gene- 
ral to  proceed.  Then  returned  home,  and  made  it 
his  whole  business  to  provide  ocurs  and  paddles,  and 
a  vessel  to  carry  them  round,  and  then  returned  again 
to  his  exceUency,  who  gave  him  a  conomission  which 
is  as  foUoweth. 

**  Joseph  Dudlet,*  Esq.,  Captain  General  and  Oih 
vemour  in  Chitf,  in  and  over  her  Majesty* 8  pro^ 

*  A  son  of  Thomas  Dudley,  who' came  to  America  in  1680, 
and  who  has  be«n  celebrated  for  his  bitterness  against  tolera* 
tion.  Some  poetry  found  in  his  pocket  (says  Morton,  151,) 
after  his  death,  is  so  singular,  and  characteristick  of  the 
times,  that  I  mav  be  par£>ned  for  so  much  digressing  as  to 
insert  a  clause  of  it. 

<*  Let  men  of  God  in  courts  and  churches  watch  ' 

^^   O'er  inch  ai  do  a  toleration  hatch ; 
.j^jf'   Leit  that  ill  egg  bring  forth  a  cockatrice, 
«^j^- ;.    To  poison  all  with  bwe»y  and  vice. 
',,V     If  m^n  be  left,  and  otherwise  combine,   ' 
1/     Tilly  vaitMf\i%  I  diy*d  no  hhtrtine** 

I'he  BUDJect  of  this  note  was  born  in  1647,  graduated  at 
Harvard  College,  1665,  and  b  said  to  have  been  eminent  for 


250 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARB. 


ffinct  of  the  Maaaachusetta  hay,  in  Nmengland, 
in  JimerieOf  and  Vice  Admiral  of  the  same, 

To  Benjamin  Church,  Esj.y  Greeting. 

By  virtue  of  the  power  and  authority,  in  and  by 
her  Majesty's  royal  commission,  to  me  granted,  I  do 
by  these  presents,  reposing  special  trust  and  confi- 
dence in  your  loyalty,  courage,  and  good  conduct, 
constitute  and  appoint  you  to  be  Colonel  of  all  the 
forces  raised,  and  to  be  raised  for  her  Majesty's  ser- 
vice, against  the  French  and  Indian  enemy  and  rebels, 
that  shall  be  improved  in  the  service  to  the  eastward 
^f  Casco  bay ;  and  to  be  Captain  of  the  first  com- 
pany of  the  said  forces.  Yo^  are  therefore  carefully 
and  diligently  to  perform  the  duty  of  a  Colonel  and 
Captain,  by  leading,  ordering  and  exercising  the  said 
regiment  and  company  in  arms,  both  inferiour  offi- 
cers and  soldiers ;  and  to  keep  them  in  good  order 
and  discipline.  Hereby  commanding  them  to  obey 
you  ris  their  Colonel  and  Captain ;  and  with  them  to 
do  &.nd  execute  all  acts  of  hostility  again^  the  said 
enemy  and  rebels.  And  you  are  to  observe  and  fol- 
^  low  such  orders  and  directions  as  you  dhall  receive 
from  myself,  or  other,  your  superiour  officer,  accord- 
ing to  the  rules  and  discipline  of  war,  pursuant  to 
the  trust  reposed  in  you.     Given  under  my  hand  and 

his  learninff.  He  was  a  commissioner  in  Philip's  war,  and  his 
name  may  oe  seen  amon^them  at  the  head  of  the  /ong-  treaty 
with  the  Narragansets,  m  July,  1675.  When  Andross  was 
Governour,  Mr.  Dudley  was  president  of  the  council,  and 
wiuB  seized  ^pon  as  belonging  to  his  party,  and  imprisoned 
for  some  time,  and  treated  with  inhumanity.  Being  sent  for 
by  King  William,  he  embarked  in  Feb.,  1689.  The  next 
year  he  was  sent  over  as  chief  justice  of  Newyork,  but  he 
was  never  satisfied  any  where  but  in  the  government  of  Mas- 
sachusetts, He  therefore  exerted  himself  to  injure  Gover- 
':  Bour  Phips,  expecting  to  succeed  him ;  but  the  people  pre- 
Tented  him  by  procuring  the  appointment  of  tne  £arl  of 
Bellomont,  whose  premature  death  gave  him  his  beloved  of- 
fice, in  which  he  continued  from  1703  to  1716.  Gov.  Shate 
fll6ce«i4jed  him,  and  he  died  ia  1730,  aged  79.  , 


age 
ing 
did 
allH 


■    ite^^„:    ->>>!»- ■*., 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN*  WARS. 


391 


seal  at  arms,  at  Boston,  the  18th  day  of  March,  in 
the  thifd  year  of  her  Majesty's  reign.  Anno  Dom. 
1703-4. 

J.  DUDLEY. 
By  his  Excd'encifa  command, 

Isaac  Addinoton,  SecrJ'^ 

Colonel  Church  no  sooner  received  his  commis- 
sion, but  proceeded  to  the  raising  of  men,  volun- 
teers, by  going  into  every  town  within  the  throe 
counties,*  which  were  formerly  Plymouth  govern-- 
ment;.  advising  with  the  chief  officer  of  each  com- 
pany, to  call  his  company  together,  that  so  he  might 
have  the  better  opportunity  to  discourse  and  encour- 
age them  to  serve  their  dueon  and  country.  Treat- 
ing them  with  drink  convenient,  told  them,  [that]  he 
did  not  doubt  but  with  God's  blessing  to  bring  them 
all  home  again.  All  which  with  many  other  argu- 
ments, animated  their  hearts  to  do  service.  So,  that 
Colonel  Church  enlisted,  out  of  some  companies,  near 
twenty  men,  and  others  fifteen. 

He  having  raised  a  sufficient  number  of  English 
soldiers,  proceeded  to  the  enlisting  of  Indians,  in  all 
those  parts  where  they  dwelt,  which  was  a  great  fa- 
tigue and  expense  ;  being  a  people  that  need  much 
treating,  especially  with  drink,  <&c.  Having  enlist- 
ed the  most  of  his  soldiers  in  those  parts,  who  daily 
lay  upon  him,  [and]  was  not  less  than  five  pounds 
per  day  expenses,  some  days  in  victuals  and  drink ; 
who  doubtless  thought,  (especially  the  English)  that 
the  country  would  have  reimbursed  it  again,  other- 
wise they  would  hardly  [have]  accepted  it  of  him. 

Colonel  Church's  soldiers,  both  English  and  In- 
dians, in  those  parts,  being  raised,  marched  them  all 

*  Plymouth,  Barnstable,  and  Bristol.  This  division  was 
made  in  1685,  which  before  were  all  in  one.  Supplement  to 
Morton,  ^7. 


4;.:,  >■ 


''?''^^^'i.^':!fiji^' 


FBCNCH  AND  INDIAfC  WARB. 


ill 

down  10  Nantasket,*  according  to  hit  excellency*! 
dir^tioni.  Where  being  come,  the  foUowinc  gen- 
tlemen were  commisiionated  to  be  commanoers  of 
each  particular  company,  viz.,  Lieutenant  Colonel 
Gorham,  Captains,  John  Brown,  Constant  Church, 
James  Cole,  John  Dyer,  John  Cook,  Caleb  William- 
son, and  Edward  Church,  of  the  forces  raised  by  Co- 
lonel Church  t  each  company  beina  filled  up  with 
English  and  Indians  as  they  agreea  among  them- 
selves, and  by  the  Colonel's  directions.  Captain 
Lamb,  and  Captain  Mirick's  company,  which  were 
raised  ^y  his  excellency's  direction,  were  ordered  to 
join  those  aforesaid,  under  the  command  of  Colonel 
Church. 

Matters  bein^^  brought  thus  far  on.  Colonel  Church 
waited  upon  his  excellency  at  Boston  to  know  his 
pleasure,  what  farther  measures  were  to  be  taken ; 
and  did  humbly  move  that  they  miffht  have  liberty  in 
their  instructions  to  make  an  attack  upon  Portroyal. 
Beinff  very  well  satisfied  in  his  opinion,  that  with 
the  blessing  of  God,  with  what  forces  they  had,  or 
should  have  ;  and  whaleboats  so  well  fitted  with  oars 

.^and  paddles,  as  they  had  with  them,  might  be  suffi- 

^  cient  to  have  taken  it.  His  excellency  (looking  up- 
on Colonel  Church)  replied,  [that]  "  he  could  not 

,  fulmit  of  that,  by  reason,  [that]  he  had,  by  the  advice 
of  her  Majesty's  council,  writ  to  her  Majesty  about 

^|he  taking  of  Portroyal  fort,  and  how  it  should  be 
disposed  of  when  taken,"  &c.  However  Colonel 
Church  proceeded  to  get  every  thing  ready  for  the 

^forces  down  at  NantaiULet,  which  was  the  place  of 
parade.  ,i4 

n     He  happening  one  day  to  be  at  Captain  Belch- 

*  The  entrance  into  Boston  harbour,  south  of  the  light- 

I  house.    The  winter  of  1696  was  so  severe,  that  sleds  and 

deiglks  fre(|uently  passed  from  Boston  to  Nantasket  upon  the 

tee.  ^  The  island  of  this  name  was  the  pjace  of  rendezvous, 

^and  is  nine  lailes  from  Boston.    It  contains  the  present  town 

x]«f  Hull,  and  is  connected  to  Hingham  by  a  daiq, 


."'.-■  V  * 


,.-',  ,    -,   ■'   ■■-■      ■"'      ■'■     ■     .,'.  --ir;,,-  '  .    ..Jf 


:■  i^-l?3Li-ji(:fV.'',i 


FJUONCH  Am  INDIAN  WARA. 


$i9 


Uency'» 
Dff  gen- 
iders  of 
Colonel 

hureh, 
William- 

by  Co- 
up with 

them- 
Captain 
were 
iered  to 
Colonel 


Church 
now  his 
I  taken ; 
berty  in 
rtroyal. 
lat  with 
had,  or 
ith  oars 
te  suffi- 
inff  up- 
ilcT  not 
advice 
r  about 
)uld  be 
Colonel 
for  the 
ice  of 

Belch- 

e  light- 
ds  and 
pon  the 

»t  town 


•r'0,*  where  hit  excellency  happened  to  coom.  [Ha> 
was  pleased  to  order  Cok>nel  Church  to  put  on  his 
sword,  and  walk  with  him  up  the  common,  which 
he  readily  complied  with.  Where  being  come,  he 
saw  two  mortar  pieces  with  sh^^Us,  and  an  engineer 
trying  with  them,  to  throw  a  shell  from  them  to  any 
spot  of  ffround  where  he  said  it  should  fall ;  which 
when  Colonel  Church  had  seen  done,  gave  him  great 
encouragement,  and  hopes  [that]  that  would  promote 
tlieir  gomg  to  Portroyal,  which  ne  had  solicited  for. 
And  returning  from  tfionce,  aflr.  /  they  had  seen  them 
tried  by  the  said  engineer,  and  performing  what  was 
proposed,  [and]  coming  near  to  Capt*.  in  William 
Clark's  house,  over  against  the  horse  jlioe,  *  <s  ex- 
cellency was  invited  by  Captain  Clark  to  wa  ,  over 
and  take  a  glass  of  wine,  which  he  was  p'l  cLied  to 
accept  of,  and  took  Colonel  Church  v.\'^'>  nini.  An^i 
in  the  time  they  were  taking  a  glass  c  f  wine.  Colonel 
Church  once  more  presumed  to  say  to  his  excellen- 
cy ;  "  Sir,  I  hope  that  now  we  shall  g^o  to  Portroyal 
in  order  to  take  it ;  those  mortars  bemg  very  suita- 
ble for  such  an  enterprise."  His  rrxcellency  was 
pleased  to  reply ;  *'  Colonel  Church,  you  must  say  no 
more  of  that  matter,  for  the  letter  I  told  you  of^  1 
writ  by  the  advice  of  her  Majesty's  council,  now 
lies  at  home  on  the  board  before  the  Lords  commif- 
sioners  of  her  Majesty's  fc-^iffn  plantations,"  &,c.  •'? 
After  some  days,  every  ih'.ng  being  ready  to  ei»* 
bark,  Colonel  Church  received  his  instructions,  which 
are  as  follows  :  ' 

**^By  h%8  excellency  Joseph  Dudley,  Esq.,  Captain 
General  and  Govemour  in  Chiefs  in  and  over  her 
"'  Majesty* 8  province  of  the  Maaeachusetta  hay,  i^fi,, 
«  ifl  JVewenglandf  and  Vice  Admiral  qfthe  Momt, 
v^v:'-    '[who] 

'   •Captain  Andrew  Belcher  of  Cambridge,  and  father  of 
Governovur  Beleher«  I  suspect  is  inetnt    See  page  63,  note  9. 


'.'■*  fj-.  /.*!.''.     .>'ii-.'r-il.J^l£. .'.'..    njf"- 


^.^-_n,.^.-.  ^.■. 


SM 


FKENCIt  AND  INblAN  WAES 


JbaffifdloM /or  Colonel  Benjamin  Cbvbch  in  the 

present  Expedition. 

'  III  pursuance  of  the  commission  given  you  to 
take  the  chief  commai.d  of  the  land  and  sea  forces 
by  me  raised^  equipped  and  sent  forth  on  her  Ma- 
jesty's service,  against  her  open  declared  enemies, 
the  Frencti  and  Indian  rebels.  You  are  to  observe 
tl^e  following  ihstructions. 

'First,  You  are  to  take  care,  that  the  duties  of 
religion  be  attended  on  board  the  several  vessels,  and 
in  the  several  companies  under  your  command,  by 
daily  prayers  unto  God,  and  reading  his  holy  word. 
Ana  that  the  Lord's  day  be  observed  and  duly  sanc- 
tified to  the  utmost  of  your  pow^r,  as  far  as  the  cir- 
cumstances and  necessity  of  the  service  can  admit, 
that  so  you  may  have  the  p^Rsence  of  God  with,  and 
obtain  his  blessing  on,  your  undertaking. 
'  You  are  to  take  care,  that  your  soldiers  have  their 
aue  allowance  of  provisions  and  other  necessaries; 
that  their  arms  be  well  fixed,  and  kept  fit  for  service, 
and  that  they  be  furnished  with  a  suitable  quantity 
of  powder  and  ball,  and  be  always  in  readiness  to 
pass  upon  duty. 

i^  That  good  order  and  discipline  be  maintained ;  and 
^l  disorders,  drunkenness,  profane  swearing,  curs* 
ing,  omission  or  neglect  of  duty,  disobedience  to  of- 
ficers, mutiny,  desertion,  and  sedition  be  duly  pun- 
ished, according  to  the  rules  and  articles  of  war ; 
the  which  you  are  once  a  mOnth  or  oflener,  to  cause 
to  be  published,  and  made  known  to  your  officers 
and  soldiers  for  their  observance  and  direction  in 
theijr  duty,  tiet  notorious  and  capital  offenders  be 
sent  away  to  the  next  garrison,  there  to  be  imprison* 
ed  nntil  they  can  be  proceeded  with.  ^r  ^. 

Let  the  sick  and  wounded  be  carefully  looked  af- 
ter, and  accommodated  after  the  best  manner  your 
circumstances  will  admit  o(,  and  be  sent  cither  to 
Casco  fort,  or  to  Mr.  Peperel'sat  Kittery,  which  may 
be  easiest^  so  soon  as  you  can. 


>.'^j:l_-.-.  iv-^J 


'i^'-j'^i 


■■^!wr-ww^v. 


FEICNCH  ABTD  WDUN  WARS. 


36ft 


in  the 


ies  of 

id,  by 
word. 


Y^  ^  fiMiwith  to' send  away  the  Ibree9  and 
stores  by  the  transports,  with  the  whaleboats  to  Pit- 
cataqua,  on  Kittery  side  there  to  attend  your  com- 
ing whither  you  are  to  follow  them  with  all  expedi- 
tion. 

You  are  to  embark  in  the  province  galley,  Cnptain 
Southack  commander,  and  Lieutenant  Colonel  Gom 
ham  go  on  board  Captain  Gallop ;  who  are  both  di- 
rected to  attend  your  motion  on  the  French  side, 
after  which  they  are  to  return.  Let  the  commanders 
of  all  the  store  sloops  and  transports  know  that  they 
sail,  anchor  and  serve  at  your  direction. 

When  you  sail  from  Piscataqua,  keep  at  such  dis- 
tance off  the  shore,  that  you  be  not  discovered  by 
the  enemy  to  alami  them.  Stop  at  Montinicus,* 
and  there  embark  the  forces  in  the  whaleboats  for 
the  main,  to  range  that  part  of  the  country,  in  search 
of  the  enemy,  to  Mountdesart,  sending  the  vessels  to 
meet  you  there ;  and  after  having  refreshed  and  re- 
cruited your  soldiers,  proceed  to  Machias,  and  from 
thence  to  Passamequado ;  and  having  effected  what 
spoils  you  possibly  may,  upon  the  enemy  in  those 
parts,  embark  on  your  vessels  for  Menis  and  Signec^ 
to,  to  Portroyal  gut ;  and  use  all  possible  methods  for 
the  burning  and  destroying  of  the  enemies  houses,  and 
breaking  3ie  dams  of  their  corn  grounds  in  the  said 
several  places,  and  make  what  other  spoils  you  can 
upon  them,  and  bring  away  the  prisoners.  In  your 
return  call  at  Penobscot  and  do  what  you  can  therei 
and  so  proceed  westward. 

^  ,This  will  probably  employ  you  a  month,  or  siic 
Weeks ;  when  you  will  draw  together  again,  ai^  by 
the  latter  erd  of  June,  consider  whether  you  can 
march  to  Norrigwack,  or  other  parts  of  their  plant- 
ing, to  destroy  their  6om  and  settlements  and  keep 

*  An  island  considerable  distance  from  the  coast  of  Maine, 
and  the  same,  I  suppose,  called  Martinicus  or  Mertinicus  oa 
<  he  late  maps.    It  is  1 5  or  90  miles  from  Vinalhavcn  island  at 

the  mouth  of  the  Penobscot,  *    -^^        f      w     it-ral 


jkxl 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAIS. 


te  expedition  on  foot  until  the  middle  of  AugUHt 
next. 

Notwithstanding  the  particularity  of  the  aforego- 
ing instruction,  I  lay  you  under  no  restraint,  because 
t  am  well  assured  of  your  courage,  care,  caution  and 
industry ;  but  refer  you  to  your  own  resolves,  by  the 
itdvice  of  your  commission  officers,  not  under  tl^e  de- 
cree of  Captains,  and  the  sea  commission  Captains 
(whom  you  will,  as  often  as  you  can,  advise  wiUi)  ac- 
cording to  the  intelligence  you  may  receive,  or  as 
j^otf  may  find  needful  upon  the  spot. 

You  are  by  every  opportunity,  and  once  a  week- 
«eertainly,  by  some  means  either  by  way  of  Casco, 
Piscataqua,  or  otherwise  to  acquaint  me  of  your  pro^ 
ceedings  and  all  occurrences^  sM  what  may  be  fur- 
Aer  necessary  for  the  service.  And  to.  observe  such 
further  and  other  instructions  as  you  shall  receive 
from  inyself. 

As  olien  as  you  may,  advise  with  Captain  Smith 
and  Captain  Kogers,  commanders  of  her  Majest^^f 
«hips.~    '  .  .;..* 

Let  your  minister,  comi>ussary,  and  surgeons  be 
treated  with  just  respects.  I  pray  to  God  to  preserve, 
prosper  and  succeed  you. 

Gwtn  under  my  hand  at  Boiton,  the  fourth  day  ^ 
May,  1704. 
'^  J.  DUDLEY." 

Pursuant  to  his  instructions  he  sent  away  his  trans- 
ports and  forces*  to  Piscataqua,  but  was  obliged 
f jimself  to  wait  upon  his  excellency  by  land  to  Pis- 
,cataqua  in  order  to  raise  more  forces  in  the  way 
thither ;  and  did  raise  a  company  under  the  command 
of  Captain  Harridon.f    Taking  care  to  provide  a 

*  This  collected  armament  consisted  of  550  soldiers,  in  14 
nmall  transports,  and  was  provided  with  36  whale  hoats,  and 
convoyed  hy  three  men  of  war ;  one  of  48,  one  of  S3,  and  on« 
ef  14jnint.    Hutchinson,  II,  133.    Douglass,  I,  557. 

fThis  name  is  rpel:  Harreden  in  Penhallow's  history; 
but  his  own  sisnati^r^'  o  ihe  resolve  before  Portroyal  is  Har- 
radon.  No  other  *vi  .v  d'>a  \t  made  of  him  in  the  Indian  wars 
Ihat  I  have  seen. 


■4 


;.;.S-;'v/ft 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


Uigtftt 


2U 


■tr't ; 


a 


pilot  for  them  in  the  bay  of  Fundy.  (Colonel  Church 
bein^  directed  to  one  Fellows  whom  he  met  with  nt 
Ipswich.)  And  going  from  thence  to  Piscataqua 
with  his  excellency,  was  there  met  by  that  worthy 

gentleman,  Major  Winthrop  Hilton,*  who  was  very 
elpful  to  him  in. the  whole  expedition,  whose  name 
and  memory  ought  not  to  be  forgot. 

Being  ready  to  embark  from  Piscataqua,  Colonel 
Church  requested  the  commanders  of  her  Majesty's 
ships,  Captain  Smith,f  and  Captain  Rogerst  to  tarry 
at  Piscataqua  a  fortnight,  that  so  they  might  npt  be 
discovered  by  the  enemy  before  he  had  done  some 
spoil  upon  them.  Then  moving^  in  their  transports, 
as  directed,  got  safe  into  Montinicus4|  undiscovered 
by  the  enemy.  N^Xt  morning  early,  fitted  out  two 
whaleboats  with  men.  Captain  John  Cook  in  one, 
and  Captain  Constant  Church  in  the  other,  and  sent 
them  to  Green  islandlT  upon  a  discovery.  And  com^ 
ing  there,  they  parted,  one  went  to  one  part,  and  the 
other  to  the  other  part,  that  so  they  might  not  miss 

*  Abundant  materials  are  preserved  for  a  biography  of  this 
gentleman.  He  was  a  direct  descendant  of  one  of  the  first 
settlers  of  Newbampshire  in  16-23.  He  was  a  successful  offi- 
cer, but  like  many  others  was  doomed  to  fall  by  savage  hands. 
In  addition  to  what  is  found  in  this  history,  and  Penhallow*s 
Indian  Wars,  a  memoir  may  be  seen  in  I  of  Farmer  and 
Moore's  Col.  241,  251.  He  was  engaged  in  the  masting  bn:>^ 
ness  in  Exeter,  where  he  lived,  and  having  some  fine  trees 
fallen  in  the  ,woods,  went  with  17  men  to  peel  the  bark  dff; 
to  save  them  from  the  worms  ;  but  a  party  of  Indians,  on 
33  June,  1710,  fired  upon  them  from  an  amblish,  and  killed, 
the  Colonel  and  two  more.  Colonel  Daniel  Plumei  of  Ep- 
pine,  informs  me  that  the  place  where  they  were  killed  as 
in  the  present  town  of  Eppmg,  N.  H.  Perhaps  not  far  from 
what  is  now  called  the  mast  way. 

^  .  t  Commundsr  of  the  Jersey  frigate. 

f  I  Commander  of  the  frigate  Gospprt. 

'  §  May  15.  ||  See  note  on  page  355. 

IT  A  small  woody  island  about  5  miles  south  eMteilj  tkm 

Montinicus. 


•-ailf 


'^,^i'-.*tLr 


ftbn 


FRENCH  AND  INtMAN  WARS. 


of  whut  could  be  discovered.  [Here]^  they  met  with 
old  Lafaure,^  with  his  two  sons,  Thomas  and  Timo- 
tliVj,  and  a  Canada  Indian. 

The  enemy  seeing  that  they  were  discovered,  threw 
down  their  ducks  and  eggs,  who  had  gOt  a  consider- 
able quantity  of  each,  and  ran  to  their  canoes,  getting 
Into  them,  stood  directly  for  the  main.  [On]  look- 
ing behind  them  perceived  the  whaleboats  to  gain  so 
fast  upon  them,  ckipt  side  by  side,  and  all  four  got 
into  one  canoe,  which  proved  of  little  advantage  to 
them.  For  the  whuleboats  gained  so  much  upon 
them,  and  got  so  near,  that  Captain  Cook,  firing  at 
the  steersman,  which  was  the  Indian,  and  happened 
to  graze  his  skull,  and  quite  spoiled  his  paddling. 
Upon  which  old  Lafaure,  and  sons,  seeing  their  com- 
panion's condition,  soon  begged  for  quarter,  and  had 
It  granted.  The  two  Captains  with  their  success 
presently  returned  to  their  commander  taking  care 
that  their  captives  should  not  discourse  together  be- 
fore they  were  examined.  When  brought  to  Colonel 
Church,  he  ordered  them  to  be  apart,  and  first  pro- 
ceeded to  examine  old  Lafaure,  whom  he  found  to 
be  very  surly  and  cross;  so  that  he  cOuld  gain  no 
iiitelligence  by  him.  3#?i 

Upon  which  the  commander  was  resolved  to  put 
in  practice  what  he  had  formerly  done  at  Senecto^f 
Ordering  the  Indians  to  make  two  large  heaps  of  dry 
w6odi  at  some  distance  one  firom  the  other,  and  to  set 
a  large  stake  in  the  ground,  close  to  each  heap. 
Then  [he]  ordered  the  two  sons  Tiiomas  and  Tinio- 
thy,  to  be  brought,  and  to  be  bound  to  the  stakes ; 
also  ordering  his  Indians  to  paint  themselves  with  co» 
lours,  which  they  had  brought  for  that  use.  Then 
the  Colonel  proceeded  to  examine,  first  Timothy; 

1  [where^ 

'^*^"^*        '■  ■      I        ■■    I   I    .»■      !■..   —I-     I     ■--■I— 'ill  I      .   _,^,.,     ,1   „,  ^    ■■■■III        I  I  liWKI  .■■,  , 

;)#  Penfaaiiow,  83,  in  N.  H.  Hist.  Col.  I,  chills  him  Monspeur 
Lafebure.  ^ 

t  The  place,  >  rhich  on  page  228,  it  spelt  Senaciaca.  See 
poteSofthatpaise. 


"»*»'* 


'  "•-..•.f>'3^  r^ 


i^.- Oa-Tri-.^j'.^ 


irftENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARiL 


t&9 


See 


[he]^  told  him,  [that]  he  had  examined  hiv  liither 
already,  and  that  if  he  told  him  the  truth  he  would 
save  his  life,  and  take  him  into  his  service;  and  that 
he  should  have  sood  pay  and  live  well.  He  answer- 
ed, that  he  would  tell  him  the  truth.  And  [accord- 
ingly] gave  him  an  account  of  every  thing  [that]  he 
knew,  which  was  all  minuted  down.  He  being  ask- 
ed whether  his  brother  Thomas  did  not  know  more 
than  he?  His  answer  was,  yes,  for  his  brother  Tho^ 
mas  had  a  commission  sent  him  from  the  Governour* 
of  Canada,  to  command  a  company  of  Indians,  who 
were  gathered  together  at  a  place  where  some  French 
gentlemen.  lately  arrived  from  Canada,  who  were 
officers,  to  command  the  rest  that  were  to  go  west- 
ward to  fight  the  English  ;f  and  "that  there  was  sent 
to  his  father,  and  brother  Tom,  a  considerable  quan- 
tity of  flour,  fruit,  ammunition  and  stores,  for  the 
supply  of  the  said  army.  He  being  asked  whether 
he  could  pilot  our  forces  to  them*?  said  no;  but 
his  brother  Tom  could,  for  he  had  hid  it,  and  that  he 
was  not  then  with  him  ^  The  Colonel  asked  him  what 
gentlemen  those  were  that  came  from  Canada  9  He 

i[and] 

>M*^  Vaudreuil. 

t  This  is  supposed  by  the  historian  of  Newhampshire,  to 
be  the  army  of  which  Penhallow  gives  an  account ;  wliO 
mutinied  in  their  march  "  about  the  pV  nder  that  they  ha^ 
in  view  ;  fai  getting  the  proverb  about  Hviding  the  skin  be- 
fore the  be^r  was  killed."  In  consec|uence  of  their  mutiny 
most  of  them  returned  ;  but  a  subdivision  of  them  ^ell  upon 
Lancaster  and  Groton,  killed  two  or  three  persons,  and  got 
some  plunder.  Bu*  this  army  does  not  correspond  with  the 
statement  given  by  Dr.  BefknsT?.  See  pa^e  161,  note  3. 
After  Mr.  Penhallow  has  got  quir  through  with  tb"  ^Tpedi* 
tion  ^f  Church,  and  the  afiair  under  "  Mr.  Caleb  L;  z.  ^n"  at 
the  westward,  he  says,  "  The  French  in  Canada  were  now 
forming  another  design  on  Northampton."  Now  it  appears 
to  me,  that  the  Doctor  is  out  in  his  conjecture,  and  that  t,  v"/ 
arntiy  mentioned  by  Penhrllow  was  not  the  one  mentioned  by 
our  author.  A nd  had  he  looked  into  Dr.  Douglass,  Summa 
ry,  I,  557,  he  would  have  found  more  particulars  about  it.     i 


-;^*w-'-t;' 


360 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAES. 


answered,  ''Monsieur  Gourdan,*  and  Mr.  Sharkee." 
Being  ask^id  where  they  were*?  jiasv^'ered,  ^*  At  Pas- 
sfunacjiiKado,  building  a  fort  there  J*  Bning  rdso  asked 
what  rumber  of  Indians  ard  Fjeiich  there  were  at 
Penobscot  9  he  answered,  [ihatj  there  wfi\  s^everal 
famlliepj,  but  they  live  i  scaUoring.  Aaked  Am  lar- 
ther,  if  he  would  pilot  *^'ir  forces  thither  "1  [He]  an- 
swered [that]  he  ivould  if  the  commander  wouid  not 
let  the  Eavages  roast  him.  Upon  which  the  Colonel 
ordered  him  to  be  loosed  from  the  stake,  and  took 
hhn  by  the  iiand,  toid  fiio?,  he  would  be  as  kind  to 
hirr»  as  his  own  father ;  at  which  ht  seemed  to  be 
Tery  thankful. 

And  then  the  Colonel  proceeded  to  examine  his 
f>.rctber  Tom.  [He]^  told  him  that  he  had  examined 
im  father  ar^d  orother ;  and  that  his  brother  had  told 
him  every  tittle  [that}  he  knew ;  and  that  he  knew 
more  than  his  brother  Timothy  did;  and  that  if 
he  would  be  ingenuous  and  confess  all  he  knew,  he 
should  fare  as  well  as  his  brother.  But  if  not,  the 
sivages  should  ro€ist  him.  Whereupon  he  solemnly 
promised  that  he  would,  and  that  he  would  pilot  him 
to  every  thing  he  knew,  to  the  value  of  a  knife  and 
sheath  (which  without  doubt  he  did.) 
K  Then  the  Colonel  immediately  gave  orders  for  the 
whaleboats  to  be  ready,  and  went  directly  over  where 
the  said  goods  and  stores  were,  and  found  them  as 
informed,  took  them  on  board  the  boats,  and  return- 
ed to  their  transports.  And  ordering  provisions  to 
be  put  into  every  man's  knapsack  for  six  or  eight  days  j 
so  in  the  dusk  of  the  evening  left  their  transports, 
wi{h  orders  how  they  should  act,  and  went  directly 
for  the  main  land  of  Penobs  ot,  and  mouth  of  that 


[an* 


">#«?# 'V»..#«ft!f 


'  Oaorden  appears  to  bt*  "■ 
F      as  afterwaifd  taken  af 


'  i?  t      i  orthography  of  this  name. 

;• ,,  ;;^esently  be  seen.     Shnrkee 

li^AUtf  a  vejy  narrow  escavf    wmii  his  wife  into  the  ^  oods. 

Penhfidlow^  17,  says  he  was   « :>  ^t^^  bat  he  must  be  mistaken. 


This  errour  is  not  noted  m  Uv: 
pag«  34.         :  .  . 


H,  Hist.  Soc.  Col.    See 


.  u. 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS^ 


861 


river,  with  their  pilots,  Tom  and  Timothy,  who  car- 
ried them  directly  to  every  place  and  habitation, 
both  of  French  and  Indians  thereabouts,  (with  the  as- 
sistance of  one  DeYoung^  whom  they  carried  outt^ 
Boston  jail  for  the  same  purpose,  [and  he]^  was  ser- 
viceable to  them.) 

Being  there  we  killed  and  took  every  one,  both 
French  and  Indians ;  not  knowing  that  any  one  did 
escape  in  all  Penobscot.  Among  those  that  were 
taken  was  St.  Casteen's  daughter,  who  said  that  her 
husband  was  gone  to  France,  to  her  father,  Monsieur 
Casteen.f  Slie  having  her  children  with  her,  the 
commander  was  very  kind  to  her  and  them.  All  the 
prisoners  that  were  then  taken,  held  to  one  storr  in 
general,  which  they  had  from  Lafaure's  sons,  [viz.,] 
that  there  were  no  more  Indians  thereabouts,  but 
enough  of  them  at  Passamequado.  Upon  which  they 
returned  to  their  transports  with  their  prisoners  and 
plunder. 

The  commander  giving  ord^r  immediately  for  the 
soldiers  in  the  whaleboats  to  have*a  recruit  of  pro- 
visions for  a  fiirther  pursuit  of  the  enemy.  Giving 
orders  to  the  transports  to  stay  a  few  days  more  there, 
and  then  go  to  Mountdesart,  (and  there  to  stay  for 
her  Majesty's  ships,  who  were  directed  to  come 
thither,)  and  there  to  wait  his  further  order. 

Then  Colonel  Church  with  his  forces  immediately 
embarked  on  board  their  whaleboats,  and  proceeded 
to  scour  the  coast,  and  to  try,  if  they  could  discover 
any  of  the  enemy  coming  from  Passamequado ;  mak- 
ing  their  stops  in  the  day  time  at  all  the  points  and 
f'bces  v'^here  they  were  certain  [thBi]  the  enetny 
would  iand,  or  come  by  with  their  canoes,  and  at 
night  to  their  paddles.    Then  coming  near  where  the 

i[who] 

*  In  Fenhallow,  17,  his  name  is  written  D'Young  and  not 
D.  Tonng  as  rqninted  in  Col.  N.  H.  Hist.  Soc.  I,  98. 

t  Paron  De  St.  Casting.    See  note  1,  on  page  lt>4. 


S63 


FR£NOH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


vessels  were  ordered  to  come,  having  made  no  dis* 
covery  of  the  enemy,  went  directly  to  Mountdesart, 
where  the  transports  were  just  come.  And  taking 
some  provisions  for  his  soldiers,  gave  directioas  for 
the  ships  aiid  transports  in  six  days  to  come  directly 
to  Passamequado,  where  they  should  find  him  and 
his  forces. 

Then  immediately  moved  away  in  the  whaleboats, 
and  made  diligent  search  along  shore,  as  formerly, 
inspecting  all  places  where  the  enemy  was  likely 
to  lurk :  Particularly  at  Machias,  but  found  neither 
fires  nor  tracks.  Coming  afterwards  to  the  west  har- 
bour at  Passamequado,  where  they  entered  upon  ac- 
tion. An  account  whereof  Colonel  Church  did  com- 
municate to  Jiis  excellency,  being  as  foUoweth.  mn^k: 

^  May  U  please  yaw  Excellency,  nmrnm^* 

I  received  yours  of  this  instant,  October  ninth, 
with  the  two  inclosed  informations,  that  concern  my 
actions  at  Passamequado,  which  I  will  give  a  just 
and  tiue  account  of,  as  near  as  possibly  I  can,  viz 
On  the  seventh  of  June  last,  1704,  in  th6  evening, 
we  entered  in  at  the  westward  harbour  at  said  Pas- 
samequado. Coming  up  said  harbour  to  an  island, 
where  landing,  we  came  to  a  Fiench  house,  arid  took 
a  French  woman  and  children .  The  woman  upon  h^ 
examination,  said  her  husband  was  abroad  a  fishing. 
I  asked  her,  whether  there  were  any  Indians  thierc^ 
abouts  9  she  said  *  Yes,  there  were  a  great  manyvand 
several  en  that  island.*  I  asked  her,  whether  she 
could  pilot  me  to  them?  said  *No,  they  hid  in  the 
woods.'  I  asked  her,  when  she  saw  them*?  answer- 
ed, 'Just  now,  or  a  little  while  since.'  I  asked  her 
whether  she  knew  where  they  had  laid- the  canoes*  9 
she  answered  *  No,  they  carried  their  canoes  into  the 
woods  with  them.'  We  theu  hnstened  away  along 
shce,  seizing  what  prisoners  v  *  -^ould,  te' '  :  oj3 
Lotrtel  and  his  family. 

This  intelligence  caused  me  U>  ieave  Colonel  Qof 


PJIENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


263 


ham,  and  a  considerable  part  of  my  men,  and  boati 
with  him  at  that  island;  partly  to  guard  and  secure 
those  prisoners,  Being  sensible  it- would  be  a  great 
trouble  to  have  them  to  secure  and  guard  at  our  next 
landing,  where  I  did  really  expect,  and  hoped  to  have 
an  opportunity,  to  fight  our  Indian  enemies.  Fvt  all 
our  French  prisoners  that  we  had  taken  at  Penobscot^ 
and  along  shore,  had  informed  us,  that  when  we 
came  to  the  place  where  these  Canada  gentlemen 
lived,  we  should  certainly  meet  with  the  savages  to 
fight  us;  those  being  the  only  men  that  set  the  In-  « 
dians  against  us,  or  upon  us,  and  were  newly  come 
from  Canada,  to  manage  the  wer  against  us.  (Plead- 
ing in  this  account  and  information  their  own  inno- 
cency.)  And  partly  in  hopes  that  he,  the  said  Co- 
lonel Gorham,  would  have  a  good  opportunity  in  the 
morning  to  destroy  some  of  those  our  enemies,  (we 
were  informed  [of,]  by  the  said  French  women  as 
above)  with  the  use  of  his  boats  as  I  had  given  di- 
rection. *  :-'.Ji\m, 

Ordering  also.  Major  Hilton  to  jiass  ovc*  *}  te 
next  island,  that  lay  ep.st  of  us  wltii  a  small  p'w.y  of 
men  and  boats,  to  surp^^se' and  destroy  any  of  the  - 
enemy,  that  in  their  crnoes  might  go  here  and  there, 
from  any  place,  to  make  their  flight  from  us;  and, 
as  he  had  opportunity,  to  take  any  French  prisoners. 

We  then  immediately  moved  up  the  river,  in  the 
dark  night,  through  great  difficulty,  by  reason  of  the 
eddies  and  whirlpools,  made  with  the  fierceness  of 
the  current.  And  here  it  may  be  hkt^  •:.  >,  .at  we 
had  information,  that  Lotriel  had  lost  part  of  his 
family  passing  over  to  the  next  island,  falling  into 
one  of  those  eddies  were  drowned,  which  the  two  pi- 
lots told  to  Q^scoura^e  me.  But  I  said  nothing  of 
'"at  nature  sh  ,!1  do  it.  For  I  was  resolved  to  ven- 
;  ^re  up,  and  th  e  refore,  forthwith  paddling  our  boats 
48  privately  as  we  could,  and  with  as  much  expedi-> 
tion  as  we  could  make' with  our  paddles,  and  the 
help  of  a  strong  tide,  we  csune  jip,  to  Monsieiir  Gour- 


8C4 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


dan's  a  little  before  day.  Where  taking  notice  of 
the  shore,  and  finding  it  somewhat  open  and  clear,  I 
crder^J  Captain  Mirick  and  Captain  Cole,  having 
P^ift'i^;^'  .ompanies,  to  tarry  with  several  oCthe  boats 
lo  be  ready,  that  if  any  of  the  enemy  should  come 
down  out  of  the  brush  into  the  bay  (it  being  very 
broad  in  that  place)  with  their  canoes,  they  might 
take  and  destroy  them. 

k  Ordering  *hc  .wii.Aavndr*r  of  the  army,  (being  land- 
ed,) with  myself  and  the  other  officers,  to  march  up 
into  the  woods  With  a  wide  front,  and  to  kj'ip  at  a 
considerable  distance ;  for  that  if  they  should  run  in 
heaps,  the  enemy  would  have  the  greater  advantage. 
And  further  directing  them,  that  if  possible,  they 
should  destroy  the  enemy  with  their  hatchets,  and 
not  fire  a  gun.  This  order  I  always  gave  at  land- 
ing; telling  them  the  inconveniency  of  firing,  in 
that  it  might  he,  first,  dangerous  to  themselves,  they 
oeing  many  of  them  young  so! 'iers.  (As  ^  had 
sometime  observed,  that  one  or  two  guns  being  "red 
many  others  would  fire,  at  they  knew  not  what,  as 
happened  presently  after.)  And  it  would  alarm  the 
^enemy,  and  give  them  the  opportunity  to  make  their 
escape :  acd  it  might  alarm  the  whole  country,  dnd 
also  prevent  all  further  action  from  taking  effect. 

Orders  being  thus  passed,  we  moved  directly  to- 
wards the  woods.  Le  Faver's^  son  directing  us  to  a 
little  hut  or  wigwam,  which  we  immediately  surround- 
Od  with  a  few  men.  The  rest  marching  directly  up 
into  the  woods,  to  see  what  wigrrams  or  huts  they 
could  discover.  Myself  made  a  little  stop,  ordering 
the  pilot  t^>  ^ell  them  in  the  hut,  that  they  were  sur- 
rounded V  iB.n  army,  and  that  if  they  would  come 
ktttli  and  surrender  themselves,  they  should  have 
good  quaner  ;  but  if  not,  they  should  be  all  knocked 
mn  the  head  and  die. 

:'    One  of  them  showed  himself,  [and]  I  asked  who 

^» ..    ■  I      I      III  ■  ...    I      1 

/    *  The  same,  who  in  the  late  preceding  pages  is  called  La- 
iaure.    See  note  1,  on  page  958. 


:■,?  i^'^xt-!.\:...^<^':..^ 


rf^ftENca  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


365 


he  was  1  He  said  '  Gourdan ;'  aiid  begged  for  quar- 
ter. I  told  him  he  should  have  good  quarter ;  add- 
ing further,  that  if  there  were  any  more  in  the  house, 
they  should  come  out.  Then  came  out  two  men. 
Gourdan  said,  they  were  his  sons,  and  asked  quarter 
for  them,  which  was  also  granted.  Then  came  out 
a  woman,  and  a  little  boy.  She  fell  upon  her  knees, 
begged  quarter  for  herself  and  children,  and  that  I 
would  not  suffer  the  Indians  to  kill  them.  I  told 
them  they  should  have  good  quarter,  and  not  be 
hurt.  Atler  which  I  ordered  a  small  guard  over 
them,  and  so  moved  presently  up  with  the  rest  of  my 
company  after  them  that  were  gone  before*  But 
looking  on  my  right  hand,  over  a  little  run,  1  saw 
something  look  black  just  by  me ;  [I]  stopped  and 
heard  at  alking ;  [then]  stepped  over,  and  saw  a  little 
hut  or  wigwam,  with  a  crowd  of  people  round  about 
it,  which  was  contrary  to  my  former  directions.  [P 
asked  them  what  they  were  doing"?  They  repli 
ed,  [that]  there  were  some  of  the  enemy  in  a  house 
and  would  net  come  out.  I  asked  what  house  *? 
they  said,  *  A  bark  house.'  I  hastily  bid  them  pull 
it  down,  and  knock  them  on  the  head,  never  asking 
whether  they  were  French  or  Indians;  they  being 
all  enemies  alike  to  me.*        st^ftrs*'  ci;«(t^#'  *immi 

*  The  Colonel  was  much  blamed  for  this  hasty  step  j  and 
Hutchinson  savs,  II,  133,  that  he  "excused  himself  but  indif- 
ferently." Of  which,  however,  the  reader  may  jud^  as 
well  as  he.  It  does  not  appear  from  a  km^  career  of  useful 
services,  that  Church  was  ever  rash  or  eiual.  From  the  ejc- 
traordinarv  situation  of  his  men,  rendered  doubly  critical 
from  the  darkness  of  the  night,  and  the  almost  certain  intel- 
ligence, th»t  a  great  army  of  the  enemy  were  at  hand,  is 
tbonght  to  be  sufficient  excuse  for  the  measure  ;  the  remark 
of  Hutchinson  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding  The  same 
author,  II,  128,  excuses  the  French  and  Indians  for  their 
cruelty  in  putting  to  d«ath  prisoners  at  the  destruction  of 
Deerneld  ;  because  it  was  necessary  to  their  own  preserva- 
tion, and  the  English  had  done  so  too ;  and  gives  tor  exam- 
ple the  action  of  Henry  V,  who,  after  the  celebrated  battle 
of  Agincourt,  put  to  death  a  multitude  of  his  FreRcb  priso* 


QM 


FBBNOH  AND  INDi.«i<f  WARS. 


And  pasfing  then  to  them,  and  seeing  them  m 
great  diiorder,  so  many  of  the  army  in  a  crowd  to- 
gether, acting  to  contrary  to  my  command  and  di- 
rection, exposing  themselves  and  the  whole  army  to 
utter  ruin,  by  their  so  disorderly  crowding  thick  to- 
gether. Had  an  enemy  come  upon  them  in  that  in- 
terim, and  fired  a  volley  amongst  them,  they  could 
not  have  missed  a  shot.  And  wholly  neglecting 
their  duty  in  not  attending  my  orders,  in  searching 
diligently  for  our  lurking  enemies  in  their  wigwams, 
or  by  their  fires,  where  I  had  great  hopes,  and  real 
expectations  to  meet  \yith  them. 

I  most  certainly  know  that  I  was  in  an  exceeding 
great  passion;  but  not  with  those  poor  miserable 
enemies ;  for  I  took  no  notice  of  a  half  a  dozen  of 
the  enemy,  when  at  the  same  time  I  expected  to  be 
engaged  with  some  hundreds  of  them ;  of  whom  we 
nad  a  continued  account,  who  were  expected  from 
Portroyal  side.  In  this  heat  of  action,  every  word 
that  I  then  spoke,  I  cannot  ffive  an  account  of;  and 
t  presume  it  is  impossible. 

I  stopped  but  little  here,  but  went  directly  up  in- 
to the  woods,  hoping  to  be  better  employed  with  the 
rest  of  the  army.  I  listened  to  hear,  and  looked 
earnestly  to  see  what  might  be  the  next  action. 
But  meeting  with  many  of  the  soldiers  they  told  me 
[that]  they  had  discovered  nothing ;  we  fetching  a 
small  compass  round,  come  down  again. 

It  being  pretty  dark,  I  took  notice,  [that]  I  saw 
two  men  lay  dead,  as  I  thought,  at  the  end  of  the 
house  where  the  door  was ;   and  immediately  the 

ners,  that  greatly  exceeded  the  number  of  b^s  own  army, 
l^is  was  in  a  barbarous  age  :  bein^  300  years  before  the 
settlement  of  Newengland.  a  ence  it  would  have  been  much 
easier  for  him  to  excuse  our  bero  than  the  enemy.  For  ac- 
cording to  the  usages  of  war,  ne  woifld  have  been  justified  in 
patting  to  death  prisoners  at  such  a  critical  tiine.  But  these 
were  enemies  who  wonid  not  subinit;  or  what  amounted  to 
the  same  thine,  they  would  not  come  out  of  their  boose 
when  ordered  by  the  forces. 


man 


:W 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


267 


gtini  went  oflf,  and  they  firod  every  man,  as  I  though  t, 
and  most  towards  that  place  where  I  leA  the  guard 
with  Monsieur  Gourdan.  I  had  much  ado  to  stop 
the  dnng^f  and  told  them,  I  thought  thov  were  mad ; 
and  [thatj  I  believed  they  had  not  killed  and  wound 
ed  less  than  forty  or  fifty  of  our  own  men.  And  I 
asked  them  what  they  shot  at  ?  they  answered,  *  At 
a  Frenchman  that  ran  away.'  But  to  admiration  no 
man  was  killed  but  he,  [the  Frenchman]  and  one  of 
our  men  wounded  in  the  leg.  And  I  turning  about, 
a  Frenchman  spoke  to  me,  and  I  gave  him  quarter. 
"  Daylight  coming  on,  and  no  discovery  made  of  the 
enemy,  I  went  to  the  place  where  I  had  left  Mon- 
sieur Gourdan,  to  examine  him  and  his  sons,  who 
agreed  in  their  examinations ;  told  me  two  of  their 
men  were  abroad.  It  proved  a  damage.  And 
further  told  me,  that  Monsieur  Sharkeo  lived  several 
leagues  up,  at  the  head  of  the  river,  at  the  falls,  and 
alft'the  Indians  were  fishing,  and  tending  their  corn 
there ;  and  that  Monsieur  Sharkee  had  sent  down 
to  him,  to  come  up  to  him,  to  advise  about  the  In- 
dian army*  that  was  to  go  westward.  But  he  ha* 
returned  him  answer,  [that]  his  business  was  urgei  t, 
and  he  could  not  come  up  ;  and  that  Sharkee,  n. 
the  Indians  would  certainly  be  down  that  day,  rr.tln.. 
next  at  the  furthest,  to  come  to  conclude  ^t  that 
matter. 

/«  This  was  a  short  night's  action,  and  all  sensible 
men  do  well  know,  that  actions  done  in  the  dork, 
(being  in  the  night  aforesaid)  under  so  many  dif- 
ficulties, as  we  then  laboured  as  before  related, 
was  a  very  hard  task  for  one  man,  matters  being  cir- 
cumstanced as  in  this  action,  which  would  not  admit 
of  calling  a  council ;  and  at  that  time  could  not  be 
confined  thereunto.  At  which  time  I  was  transport- 
ed above  fear,  or  any  sort  of  dread;  yet,  being  sensi- 
ble of  the  danger  in  my  army's  crowding,  so  thick 
together,  and  of  the  great  duty  incuml:^nt  on  ni^, 


*  See  note  8,  of  page  S69. 


—1  if-^/Vt^.  • 


.JJev. 


^ 


FRENCH  AND  moIAN  WARHi 


I    M. 


to  preserve  them  from  all  danger  [that]  I  posiibljr 
could,  for  farther  improvement  ^n  the  destruction  of 
our  implacable  enemies,  am  ready  to  conclude,  that 
I  was  very  quick  and  absolute  in  giving  such  com- 
mands and  orders,  as  I  then  apprehended  most  pro- 
per and  advantageous.  And  had  it  hot  been  for  the 
intelligence  I  had  received  from  the  French,  we  took 
at  Penobscot,  as  before  hinted ;  and  the  false  report 
[that} the  Frenchwomen  (first  took)  gave  me,  I  had 
not  been  in  such  haste.  ■  \iif^m:^^im'i*ii'iii^'i^?-i^t-'ii^ 

I  question  not,  but  those  Frenchmen  that  were  slain, 
had  the  same  good  quarter  of  other  prisoners.  But 
I  ever  looked  on  it,  a  good  providence  of  Almighty 
God,  that  some  few  of  our  cruel  and  bloody  enemies 
were  made  sensible  of  their  bloody  cruelties,  perpe- 
trated on  my  dear  and  loving  friends  and  countrymen ; 
and  that  the  same  measure  (in  part)  meeted  to  them, 
as  they  had  been  guilty  of,  in  a  barbarous  manner  at 
Oeerfield ;  and,  I  hope,  justly.  I  hope  God  Almighty 
will  accept  hereof,  although  it  may  not  be  eligible  to 
our  French  implacable  enemies,  and  such  others  as 
are  not  our  friends. 

The  foregoing  journal,  and  this  short  annexment, 
I  thought  it  my  duty  to  exhibit,  for  the  satisfaction  of 
my  firiends  and  countrymen,  whom  I  very  faithfully 
and  willingly  served  in  the  late  expedition.  And  I 
hope  will  find  acceptance  with  your  excellency,  the 
honourable  council  aiid  Representatives  now  assem- 
bled, as  being  done  from  the  zeal  I  had  in  the  said 
service  of  her  Majesty,  and  her  good  subjects  here. 
I  remain  your  most  humble  and  obedient  servant, 
v^  BENJAMIN  CHURCH." 


Mi. 


^P  4, Ji#^  i! 


^j^(*- 


^^  This  night's  service  being  over,  immediately  Col- 
onel Church  leaves  a  sufficient  guiord  with  Gourdan 
and  the  other  prisoners,  moved  in  some  whaleboats 
with  the  rest;  and  as  they  were  going,  spied  a 
onail  thing  upon  the  water  at  a  great  distance,  which 
proved  to  be  a  birch  canoe  with  two  Indians  in  her 


FRANGH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


2(59 


The  Colonel  presently  ordered  the  lightest  host  he 
nad,  to  make  the  best  of  her  way,  aiid  cut  them  off 
from  the  shore.  But  the  Indians  perceiving  their  de- 
sign, ran  their  canoe  ashore  and  fled.  Colonel 
Church  fearing  [that]  they  would  run  directly  to 
Sharkee,  made  all  the  expedition  imaginable.  But 
it  being  ebb,  and  the  water  low,  was  obliged  to  land, 
and  make  the  best  of  their  way  through  the  woods, 
hoping  to  intercept  the  Indians,  and  get  to  Sharkee's 
house  before  them,  which  wab  two  miles  froiB  wherf 
our  forces  landed.  ;U.>.<-  i  »=?? 

-  The  Colonel  being  ancient  and  unwieldy,  desired 
Sergeant  Edee  to  run  with  him.  And  coming  to 
several  trees  fallen,  which  he  could  not  creep  under, 
or  readily  get  over,^would  lay  his  breast  against  the 
tree,  the  said  Edee  turning  him  over,  generally  had 
catluck,  falling  on  his  feet,  by  which  means  [he] 
Jiept  in  the  front.  And  coming  near  to  Sharkee's 
.touse,  discovered  some  French  and  Indians  making 
a  wear*  in  the  river,  and  presently  discovered  the  two 
Indians  aforementioned,  who  called  to  them  at  work 
in  the  river,  [and]  told  theni,  [that]  "  there  was  an 
army  of  English  an  Indians  just  by."  [Tliey]*  im- 
mediately left  their  work  and  ran,  endeavouring  to 
get  to  Sharkee's  house.  [He]"  hearing  the  noise, 
took  his  lady  and  child  andj^an  into  the  woods.  Our 
men  running  briskly,  fired  and  killed  one  of  the  In- 
dians, and  took  the  rest  prisoners.  V"5«i««^#l[S^»'\«s4>*Hli 
!  Then  going  to  Sharkee's  house  foimd  a  woman  and 
child,  to  whom  they  gave  good  quarter.  And  find- 
ing that  Madam  Sharkoe  had  left  her  silk  clothes  and 
fine  linen  behind  her,  our  forces  were  desirous  to  have 
pursued  and  taken  her.  But  Colonel  Church  forbade 
them ;  saying  he  would  have  her  run  and  suffer,  that 
she  might  be  made  sensible,  what  hardships  our  poor 
people  had  suffered  by  them,  &c.     [He]  then  pro- 


-»i^f;*tl"#'     1  [who)-if*'f^li' 


[who] 


^  Or.  wier,  a  rack  to  catch  fish  in. 


•J'^l* -n. (;■■'"■  riis-^l-i  ''^•^.    23*    f^ 


:t^ 


''ffitlC,'SttK 


U  ,^:y'mm9*t 


270 


PJEt£NCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


I 


oeeded  to  examine  the  prisoners  newly  taken,  who 

Save  him  the  same  account  [that]  he  had  before,  of 
le  Indians  being  up  at  the  falls,  &c,    It  being  just 
night,  prevented  our  attacking  them  that  night. 

But  next  morning  early,  they  mov^d  up  to  the  falls, 
which  was  about  a  mile  higher.  But  doubtless  the 
enemy  had  some  intelligence  by  the  two  aforesaid  In- 
dians, before  our  forces  came,  so  that  they  all  got  on 
the  other  side  of  the  rrver,  and  left  some  of  their 
goods  by  the  water  side  to  decoy  our  men,  that  so 
they  might  fire  upon  them ;  which  indeed  they  effect- 
ed. But  through  the  good  providence  of  God,  never 
a  man  of  ours  was  killed,  and  but  one  slightly  wound- 
ed.  After  a  short  dispute.  Colonel  Church  ordered 
that  every  man  might  take  what  they  pleased  of  the 
fish,  which  lay  bundled  up,  and  to  burn  the  rest, 
which  was  a  great  quantity.  The  enemy  seeing  what 
our  forces  were  about,  and  that  their  stock  of  fish 
was  destroyed,  and  the  season  being  over  for  getting 
any  more,  set  up  a  hideous  cry,  and  so  ren  all  away 
into  the  woods.  They  being  all  on  the  other  side  of 
the  river,  ours  could  not  follow  them. 

Having  done,  our  forces  marched  down  to  their  boats 
at  Sharkee's,  and  took  their  prisoners,  beaver,  and 
other  plunder  which  they  had  got,  and  put  it  into 
their  boats,  and  went  down  to  Gourdan*s  house,  where 
they  had  left  Lieutenant  Colonel  Gorham,  and  Major 
Hilton,  with  part  of  the  forces  to  guard  the  prisoners, 
(and  kept  a  good  look  out  for  more  of  the  enemy) 
who  upon  the  Colonel's  return,  gave  him  an  account 
that  they  had  made  no  discovery  of  the  enemy  since 
he  left  them,  &c. 

Just  then  her  Majesty's  ships  and  transports  arriv- 
ing, the  commanders  of  her  Majesty's  ships  told  Col- 
onel Church,  that  they  had  orders  to  go  directly  for 
Portroyal  gut,  and  wait  the  coming  of  some  store 
ships,*  which  were  expected  at  Portroyal  from  France. 

•  No  ships  arrived,  or  at  least,  we  have  no  account  of  a!iy. 
Holmes,  II,  65,  mentions,  sub  anno  1  «05;  that  a  rich  ship 


quie 

his 

boar 

store 


irllfcNCH  AND  llibUN  WARS. 


27J 


Colonel  Church  advising  with  them,  proposed 
that  it  waa  very  expedient  and  serviceable  to  the 
crown,  that  Captain  Southack  in  the  Province  galley 
should  accompany  them,  which  they  did  readily  ac- 
quiesce v/ith  him  in. 

Upon  which,  the  Colonel  immediately  embarked 
his  forces  on  board  the  transports,  and  himself  on 
board  Captain  Jarvis,  ordering  the  commissary  of  the 
stores,  the  minister,  surgeons  and  pilots  all  to  embark 
on  board  the  same  vessel  with  him.  Ordering  all 
the  whaleboats  to  be  put  on  board  the  tmnsports,  and 
then  to  come  to  sail.  The  ships  standing  away  for 
Portroyal  gut,  and  Colonel  Church  with  the  trans- 
ports for  Menis.  In  their  way  the  Colonel  inquired 
of  their  pilot,  Fellows,  what  depth  of  water  there  wa» 
in  the  creek,  near  the  town  of  Menis  *?  he  answered 
him,  that  there  was  water  enough,  near  the  town,  to 
float  that  vessel,  they  were  in,  at  low  water. 

So,  when  coming  near,  Colonel  Church  observed  a 
vvoody  island  between  them  and  the  town,  that  they 
ran  up  on  the  back  side  of,  (the  said  island)  with 
all  their  transports,  undiscovered  to  the  enemy,  and 
came  to  anchor.  Then  the  Colonel  and  all  his  for- 
ces embarked  in  the  whaleboats.  It  being  late  in  the 
day,  [they]  moved  directly  ibr  the  town ;  and  in  the 
way  asked  for  the  pilot,  who,  he  expected,  was  in  one 
of  the  boats ;  but  he  had  given  him  the  slip,  and  tar- 
ried behind.  The  Colonel  not  knowing  the  difficul- 
ties that  might  attend  their  going  up  to  the  town,  im- 
mediately sent  Lieutenant  Giles,  who  could  speak 
French,  with  a  flag  of  truce  up  to  the  town,  (with  a 

named  the  Siene,  was  taken,  the  preceding  autumn,  by  the 
English ;  and  that  she  was  bound  to  Qnebeck,  with  a  car^o 
amounting  to  nearly  a  million  of  livres.  But  this  was  m 
June,  hence  it  does  not  agree  with  the  sup{)osition  that  said 
ship  was  taken  by  Church's  conv^.  He  cites  Charlevoix, 
ana  the  Universal  History.  Dr.  Douglass,  I,  557,  in  this, 
as  well  as  many  other  cases,  comes  happily  to  our  relief.  He 
informs  us,  that  this  ship  "  was  taken  by  ^n  English  Vir- 
ginia Fleet."    ■*?■•■•'*.'"'  -■'*ii^  .-■■^h   iM  ji;ttiinimmyr^*w(f» 


$73 


PAENCll  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


iuiiimons,  which  was  written  before  thev  landed,)  et- 
pecting  their  surrender,  which  is  as  followeth. 

*<  Aboard  her  Mejesty'a  Ship  Adventure,  near  the  gvi 
of  Menis J  June  20,  ll 04, 

An  agreement  made  by  the  field  officers  commanding 
.^  her  Majesty^ s  forces  for  the  present  expedition 
against  the  Fn^nch  enemies,  and  Indian  rebels. 

U  Agreed,  that  a  declaration  or  summons  be  sent  on 
shore  at  Menis  and  Portroyal,  under  a  flag  of  truce 
ff  Particularly,  we  do  declare  to  you,  the  many  cruel- 
ties and  barbarities  that  you  and  the  Indian^  have 
been  guilty  of  towards  us,  in  laying  waste  our  coun- 
try here  in  the  east  at  Casco,  and  the  places  adja- 
cent. Particularly,  the  horrid  action  at  Deerfield,^ 
this  last  winter,  in  killing,  massacreing,  murdering 
and  scalping,  without  giving  any  notice  at  all,  or  op- 
portunity to  ask  quarter  at  your  hands ;  and,  after  all, 
carrying  the  remainder  into  captivity  in  the  height 
of  winter,  (of  which  they  killed  many  in  the  journey) 
and  exposed  the  rest  to  the  hardships  of  cold  and 
famine,  worse  than  death  itself  Which  cruelties  we 
are  yet  every  day  exposed  unto  and  exercised  with. 

We  do  also  declare,  that  we  have  already  made 
some  beginnings  of  killing  and  scalping  some  Cana- 
da men,  (which  we  have  not  been  wont  to  do  or  al- 
low) and  are  now  come  with  a  great  army  of  English 
and  Indians,  all  volunteers,  with  resolutions  to  sub- 
due you»  and  make  you  sensible  of  your  cruelties  to- 
lui,  by  treating  you  after  the  same  manner. 

At  this  time  we  expect  our  men  of  war  and  tran- 
sport ships  to  be  at  Portroyal.  (We  having  but  late- 
ly parted  with  them.)  ' 

In  the  last  place,  we  do  declare  to  you,  that  in- 
asmuch as  some  of  you  have  shown  kindness  to  our 
captives,  and  expressed  a  love  to,  and  desire  of  be- 
ing under  the  Enfflinh  government,  we  do  therefore, 
notwithstanding  all  this,  give  you  timely  notice,  tad 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAa& 


273 


do  demand  a  surrender  immediately,  by  the  laying 
down  your  arms,  upon  which,  we  promise  very  good 
quarter ;  if  not,  you  must  expect  the  utmi^t  severity. 
To  the  chief  commander  of  the  town  of  Menis, 
and  the  inhabitants  thereof,  and  we  expect  your  an- 
swer, positively,  within  an  hour. 
,,      .  Benjamin  Chuhch,  Coi.         ^  - 

'  ,         ^    John  Gorham,  Z^eu^.  Col,    ^- ^^ 

/•f^^-'^n^y^f,-,  WiNTHROP  Hilton,  JWc^      .. 

Then  molding  to  the  creek,  e^^e<Jting  to  have  had 
water  enough  for  the  boats,  as  the  pilot  had  informed 
them,  but  found  not  water  enough  for  a  canoe.  So 
[they]  were  obliged  to  land,  intending  to  have  been 
up  at  the  town  before  the  hour  was  out,  that  tlie 
summons  expressed.  For  their  return  was,  "  that 
if  our  forces  would  not  hurt  their  estates,  then  they 
would  surrender,  if  otherwise  intended,  they  should 
*ight  for  them,"  &,c.  , 

But  meeting  with  several  creeks,  near  twenty  or 
thirty  feet  deep,  which  were  very  muddy  and  dirty; 
so  that  the  army  could  not  get  over  them,  [and]  were 
obliged  to  return  to  their  boats  again,  and  wait  till 
within  night,  before  the  tide  served  them  to  go  up 
to  the  town.  And  then  [they]  intended  to  go  up 
pretty  near  the  town,  and  not  to  fall  to,  till  morning  ; 
being  in  hopes  that  the  banks  of  the  creeks  woind 
shelter  them  from  the  enemy.  But  the  tide's  rising 
so  high,  exposed  them  all  to  the  enemy ;  who  had 
the  trees  and  woods  to  befriend  them ;  and  so  came 
down  in  the  night,  and  fired  smartly  at  our  forces. 
But  Colonel  Church  being  in  a  pinnace,  that  had  a 
small  caniion  placed  in  the  head,  ordered  it  to  be 
charged  several  times  with  bullets,  in  small  bags, 
and  fired  at  the  enemy ;  which  made  such  a  rattling 
amongst  the  trees,  that  [it]  caused  the  enemy  to 
draw  off.  And  by  the  great  providence  of  Almighty 
|]rod,  Qot  one  of  our  forces  wp^^urt  |hft  ni|^    But 


'IS- 


274 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAR2I. 


08  I  have  been  informed,  [the  enemy]^  had  one  In< 
dian  killed,  and  some  others  wounded,  wh'ch  was 
sonM  discfiiragement  to  [them.]' 

Next  morning,  by  break  of  day,  Colonel  Church 
ordered  all  his  forces  (and  placed  Major  Hilton  on 
the  ri^ht  wins)  to  run  all  up,  driving  the  enemy  be- 
fore them ;  who  leaving  their  town  to  our  forces,  but 
had  carried  away  the  best  of  their  goods,  which  were 
soon  found  by  our  soldiers.  The  bulk  of  the  enemy 
happening  to  lie  against  our  right  wing,  caused  the 
hottest  dispute  there.  fTheyP  lay  behind  logs  and 
treea,  till  our  forces,  and'Major  Hilton,  who  led  them, 
ca.ne  [ — ^  upon  them,  and  forced  them  to  run. 
And  notwithstanding  the  sharp  firing  of  the  enemy 
at  our  forces,  by  the  repeated  providence  of  God, 
tliere  was  never  a  man  of  ours  killed  or  wounded. 

Ou?  soldiers  not  having  been  long  in  town,  before 
they  fuund  considerable  quantities  of  strong  drink, 
both  brandy  and  claret ;  and  being  very  greedy 
after  it,  especially  the  Indians,  were  very  disorderly ; 
firing  at  every  pig,  turkey,  or  fowl  [that]  they  saw ; 
of  which  [there]  were  very  plenty  in  the  town, 
which  endangered  our  own  men.  Colonel  Church 
perceiving  the  disorder,  and  firing  of  his  own  men, 
ran  to  put  a  stop  to  it,  [and]  had  several  shot  come 
very  near  him.  And  finding  what  had  occasioned 
this  disorder,  commanded  his  officers  to  knock  out 
the  heads  of  every  cask  of  strong  liquor  they  could 
find  in  the  town,  to  prevent  any  further  disturbance 
among  his  army;  knowing,  [that]  it  was  impossible 
to  have  kept  it  from  them,  especially  the  Indians,  if 
it  were  saved,  &.C.  '"^^^ 

**  .Then  some  of  the  army  who  were  desirous  to 
pursue  the  enemy,  having  heard  them  driving  away 
their  cattle,  requested  the  Colonel  to  let  them  go. 

iHe]*  did,  and  gave  them  their  orders.     Captain 
!Jooke,  and  Captain  Church  to  lead  the  two  wmgs, 
■      »Cth«y]    « [the  enemy]    «  [who]    <  [on]    5[who] 


and 


iiiitwmw! 


FBKNCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


275 


if 


and  Lieutenant  Barker,^  who  led  the  Colonel's  com-  • 
pany,  in  the  centre.  And  the  said  Captain  Cooke 
and  Captain  Church  desired  Lieutenant  Barker  not 
to  move  too  fast ;  so  that  he  might  have  the  benefit 
of  their  assistance,  if  he  had  occasion.  But  the  said 
Lieutenant  not  being  so  careful  as  he  should  have 
been,  or  at  least  was  too  eager,  was  shot  down,  9Jid 
another  man,  which  were  all  the  men  that  were  kill- 
ed in  the  whole  expedition.  \ 

Towards  night,  Colonel  Church  ordered  some  of 
his  forces  to  pull  down  some  of  the  houses,  and 
others  to  get  logs  and  make  a  fortification  for  his 
whole  army  to  lodge  in,  that  night;  that  so  they- 
might  be  together.     And  just  before  night  [he]  orS/ 
dered  some  of  his  men  to  go  [and]  see  if  there  were 
any  men  in  any  of  the  houses  in  the  town  ;  [and]  if^^, 
[there  were]  not,  to  set  them  all  on  fire,  which  was 
done ;  and  tlie  whole  town  seemed  to  be  on  fire  all 
at  once,  &.c. 

The  next  morning  the  Colonel  gave  orders  to  his 
men,  to  dig  down  the  dams,  and  let  the  tide  in,  W. 
destroy  all  their  corn,  and  every  thing  that  was  good ' 
according  to  his  instructions  ;f  and  to  burn  the  for^^ 
tification  which  they  had  built  the  day  before  ;  and 
when  the  tide  served  to  put  all  the  plunder  which 
they  had  got  into  the  boats.     Then  ordering  his  sol- 
diers to  march  a  good  distance  one  from  another/ 
which  caused  the  enemy  to  think  that  there  were  no 
less  than  a  thousand  men,  as  they  said  afterwards ; 
and  that  the  burnmg  of  the  fortification,  and  doing 
as  they  did,  caused  the  enemy  to  think  that  they  were 

^^IM     ■■■■— W^-^—i ^i^— "■■■■l""l  'I  '"""  '  ■«■■■■—■■■  —  ■  —I    ■.—  —■■■■M    ■  I  I  !■■  im  »III—I||I1M     n^i-    « 

*  Charlevoix,  in  his  account  of  the  taking  of  Menis,  saySj 
that  the  Lieutenant  General  of  the  English  forces,  was  kill- 
ed, by  which  the  Lieutenr'>nt  of  Churches  company  is  meant. 

t  Pcnhallow  ii  N.  H.  Hist.  Col.  I,  84,  says  "  not  above  six 
died  in  the  whole  expedition." 

^  Thus  do  governments  cause  such  horrid  scenes.  But  is 
the  crime  lessened?  They  are  considered  right  in  the  trade 
and  custom  of  war.    But  is  it  so  on  that  account  ? 


111 


37<( 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


:  V  , 


!    .- 


goiie  clear  off,  and  not  to  return  again.  But  it  pfor- 
ed  to  the  contrary ;  for  Colonel  Church  and  his  for* 
cei,  only  went  aboard  their  transports,  and  there  staid 
till  the  tide  served.  In  the  night  [they]^  embarked 
on  board  their  whaleboats,  landed  some  of  their  men, 
expecting  they  might  meet  with  some  of  the  enemy 
mending  their  dams ;  which  they  did.  And  with 
their  be  d's  went  up  another  branch  of  the  river  to 
another  town  or  village,  [and]  upon  such  a  surprise, 
[that  they]  took  as  many  prisoners  as  they  could  de- 
sire* 

^.  And  it  happened  that  Colonel  Church  was  at  the 
French  Captain's  house  when  two  gentlemen  came 
post  from  the  Goveniour*  of  Portroyal  to  him,  who 
was  the  chief  commander  at  Menis,  with  an  express 
to  send  away  two  companies  of  men  to  defend  the 
King's  fort  there ;  and  to  give  him  an  account,  that 
there  were  three  English  men  of  war  come  into  Port- 
royal  gut,  or  harbour ;  and  that  the  men  sent  for 
must  be  posted  away  with  all  speed.  Colonel  Church 
as  was  said  before,  being  there,  treated  the  two  gen- 
tlemen very  hmidsomely,  and  told  them,  [that]  he 
would  send  them  back  again  post  to  their  master 
upon  his  business.  And  bid  them  give  him  his  hearty 
thanks  for  sending  him  such  good  news,  that  part  of 
his  fleet  wbb  in  so  good  a  harbour.  Then  reading 
the.  summons  to  them  that  he  had  sent  to  Menis. 
Further  added,  that  their  master,  the  Governour  of 
Portroyal,  must  immediately  send  away  a  post  to  the 
Governour  of  Canada,  at  Quebeck,  to  prevent  his 
further  sending  any  of  his  cruel  and  bloody  French, 
and  savages,  as  he  had  lately  done  upon  Deerfield, 
where  they  had  committed  such  hofrible  and  bloody 
outrages  upon  those  poor  people,   that  never  did 

i[his]  -rm  MsV^-:.      ■    rf-*- 

*  Monsirur  Dc  Subercase,  this  year  came  in  to  be  govern- 
our of  Acadie.  Portroyal,  I  suspect,  was  his  principal  ssat. 
The  next  year  he  drove  the  E\.  h  from  Newfoundland, 
and  destroyed  their  settlements,  li  5iWi"'*s  11,  65. 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS 


277 


t  pnr^ 
bis  for* 
re  staid 
harked 
ir  men, 
enemy 
d  with 
river  to 
irprise, 
uld  de- 

t  at  the 
n  came 
m,  who 
express 
end  the 
nt,  that 
to  Port- 
ent for 
Church 
vo  gen- 
iiat]  he 
master 
1  hearty 
>art  of 
eading 
lenis. 
our  of 
to  the 
nt  his 
rench, 
Brfield, 
bloody 
er  did 


jovern- 
al  seat. 


them  any  harm,  as  is  intolerable  to  think  of;  fmui 
that  for  the  future,  if  any  such  ho^tilities  were  mada 
upon  o"  frontier  towns,  or  ar.y  pf  them,  he  would 
come  oui  '^ith  a  thousand  say  ^iges,  and  whalebooit 
convenient,  and  turn  his  back  upon  them,  and  let 
his  savages  scalp,  and  roast  the  French ;  or,  at  leasts 
treat  them  as  their  savages  had  treated  ours* 

[He]  also  gave  them  an  account  of  part  of  thf|| 
action  at  Passamequii^i:. .  and  how  that  his  soldiers 
had  killed  and  scalped  some  Canada  men  there,  and 
would  be  glad  to  serve  them  so  too,  if  he  would  per- 
rr^it  them,  whicn  terrified  them  very  much,*  &c. 
The  two  French  geni'emen  that  came  post,  made 
solemn  promises,  that  they  would  punctually  do  the 
Colonel's  message  to  their  Governour.  So  with  the 
desire  of  the  French  people  there,  that  the  Govern- 
our might  have  this  intelligence.  Colonel  Church 
dismissed  them,  and  sent  them  away ;  telling  the 
same  story  to  several  "f  the  prisoners,  and  what  they 
must  expect,  if  some  speedy  course  were  not  taken 
to  prevent  further  outrages  upon  the  English.  The 
number  of  prisonersf  then  present,  which  were  con- 
siderable, did  unanimoi  H' entreat  of  Colonel  Church, 
that  he  would  take  thei>  under  the  protection  of  the 
crown  of  England;  mtkin^  great  promises  of  their 
'fidelity  to  the  same ;  begging  with  great  agony  of 
spirit  to  save  their  lives,  and  to  protect  them  iromi 
his  savages,  whom  they  extremely  dreaded.  u. 

As  to  the  matter  of  the  savages,  he  told  them, 
[that]  it  would  be  just  retaliation  for  him  to  permit 
his  savages  .to  treat  the  French  in  the  same  manner, 
as  the  French  with  their  savages  treated  our  friends 
in  oiir  frontier  towns.  But  as  to  his  taking  them  un-« 
der  the  protection  of  the  crown  of  England,  he  utf 

— ■  - '"    '  ■    '  — ■  '■■■■  '  ■        ■  ■^■- — ■■—■     '  ■     ■■  ■.  ■      -  ■ ^  -■,.,.  .,       ,    ,  i<^t 

*This,  the  commander  of  Portrojal,  says  Hutchinson^, 
must  know  to  be  a  gasconade.  ^ 

t  Penhallow  says,  that  in  this  expedition  one  hundred  pri- 
soners were  taken.  S. »  .  iia  Dr.  Douglass,  I,  807  ;  probably 
on  the  same  authority. 


.W"-;'i5^'. 


d78 


FR£NCH  AND  INDIAN  WARfi. 


tftrly  refused  it ;  urging  to  them,  their  former  perfi- 
d.cusnesB.  They  also  urginr-  f  o  him,  that  it  would  be 
impossible  for  any  French  to  live  any  where  in  the 
bay  of  Fundy,  if  they  were  not  taken  under  the  Eng- 
lish government.  For  with  the  benefit  of  the  whale- 
boats,  (as  the  English  called '  them)  they  could  take 
and  destroy  all  their  people  in  the  town  of  Menis, 
in  one  night.  But  he  replied  to  them,  [that]  it  should 
never  be.  Alleging  to  them,  that  when  they  were 
so  before,  when  rortroyal  was  taken  last  by  the  Eng- 
lish,* that  it  proved  of  very  ill  consequence  to  the 
crown  of  England,  and  the  subjects  thereof  in  our 
frontiers.  For  that  our  English  traders  supplying 
them,  enabled  them  f  which  opportunity  they  improv- 
ed) to  supply  the  Inoians,  our  bloody  enemies;  and, 
therefore,  he  could  make  no  other  terms  of  peace 
with  them,  than,  that  if  the  French  at  Menis,  Sig- 
necto,  and  Canada,  would  keep  at  home  with  their 
bloody  savages,  and  not  commit  any  hostilities  upon 
any  of  our  frontiers,  we  would  return  home  and  leave 
them.  For  that  we  lived  at  a  great  distance  off,  and 
!iad  not  come  near  them  to  hurt  them  now,  had  not 
the  blood  of  our  poor  friends  and  brethreif,  in  all 
the  frontiers  of  our  province  cried  for  vengeance. 
Especially,  that  late  unheard  of  barbarity  committed 

*  it  IS  sitaated  on  the  west  side  of  Novascotia,  on  a  river 
of  the  game  name,  which  flows  into  the  bay  of  Fundy.  Men- 
tion has  been  made  of  the  expedition  to  Canada  in  1690,  un- 
der Sir  William  Phips ;  the  reduction  of  Portroyal  was  exe- 
cated  undfi  the  same  gentleman,  in  the  same  year,  but  pre- 
vious. It  was  commanded  by  Gov.  Menival,  who  built  it  about 
1663.  When  Phips  took  it,  it  was  both  "  ill  fortified  and  ill 
provided.'*  See  note  1,  on  page  177.  It  was  in  no  condition 
to  stand  a  siege,  and  submitted  without  resistance.  (Hutch- 
inson, I,  852.)  But  it  was,  in  1705,  retaken  by  the  French. 
Again  in  1710,  a  large  armament  under  Col.  Nicholson  went 
against  it,  of  which  they  made  an  easy  conquest.  There 
were  but  260  men  to  defend  it.  The  English  had  5  frigates, 
5  lower  rates,  and  24  transports.  After  it  w(&s  ta'ren  the 
Qame  was  changed  from  Port  Royal  to  AAoapoliS'  royal, 
wWch  it  vet  retains.  \:^iidih-  j^JZ    ... 


=^i, 


»      •<*■•• 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WARS. 


379 


'  perfi- 
>uldbe 
in  the 
e  Eng- 
whale- 
Id  take 
Menis, 
should 
y  were 
8  Eng- 
to  the 
in  our 
plying 
nprov- 
',  and, 
peace 
,  Sig- 
their 
^  upon 
1  leave 
fF,  and 
id  not 
in  all 
iance. 
nitted 

I  river 

Men- 
>0,  un- 
is  exe-     . 
it  pre- 

about 
mdill 
dition 
[utch- 
•ench. 

went 
rhere 
gates, 
n  the 
royal. 


\ip6n  the  to#ti  of  Deerlield ;  which  wrought  fOffene- 
rally  on  the  hearts  of  our  people,  that  our  rorces 
came  out  with  that  unanimity  of  spirit,  both  among 
the  English  and  our  savages,  that  we  had  not,  nor 
needed  a  pressed  man  among  them.  The  Colonel 
also  telling  them,  that  if  ever  hereafter  any  of  our 
frontiers,  east  or  w       were  molested  by  them,  as 

f  God  spared  his  life)  and 

.,  return  upon  them  with  a 

'''f  he  wanted  them,)  all  vo- 

(its,  and-  pursue  them  to 


ifc 


formerly,  that  he  wou 
they  might  depend  n' 
thousand  of  his  sav  ^ 
lunteers,  with  our  wh 
the  last  extremity. 
<  The  Colonel's  warm  discourse  with  them,  wrought 
such  a  consternation  in  them,  which  they  discovered 
by  their  panick  fears  and  trembling,  their  hearts  sen- 
sibly beating,  and  rising  up,  as  it  were,  ready  to  choke 
them.  [They]  confessed,  that  they  were  all  his  pri- 
soners, and  begged  of  him,  for  JESUS'  sake,  to  save 
their  lives,  and  the  lives  of  their  poor  families,  with 
such  melting  terms,  as  wrought  relentings  in  the 
Colonel's  breast  towards  them.  But  however,  he  told 
them,  that  his  intent  was  to  carry  as  many  prisoners 
home  as  he  could ;  but  that  he  had  taken  so  many, 
they  were  more  than  he  had  occasion  for,  nor  desired 
any  more;  and,  therefore,  he  would  leave  them. 

The  Colonel  resolving  the  next  day  to  complete  all 
his  action  at  Menis,  and  so  draw  off.  Accordingly, 
The]  sent  his  orders  to  Colonel  Gorham  and  Major 
Hilton,  with  all  the  English  companies,  both  officers 
and  soldiers,  except  some  few,  which  he  thought  he 
might  have  occasion  for,  to  go  with  the  Indians  in  the 
whaleboats,  up  the  eastward  river,  where  a  third  part 
of  the  inhabitants  lived.  That  so  he  might  prevent 
any  reflection  made  on  them,  in  leaving  any  part  of 
the  service  undone.  And  therefore,  in  the  evening, 
ordered  all  the  whaleboats  to  be  laid  ready  for  the 
night's  service.  And,  accordingly  when  the  tide  seiz- 
ed, he  went  with  his  Indians  up  the  river,  where  they 
did  some  spoil  upon  the  enemy  going  up. . 


inS>  "^vvii 


V^i', 


■'^>. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


.-^ 


i 


z 


1.0 


1.1 


1.8 


1—      1'-'^     1''^ 

4 6"     

► 

V] 


7 


^1^ 


7 


y^ 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


\ 


^^ 


\\ 


'9> 


c.\ 


f<> 


4^ 


^ 


m 


pmVCB  AHU  IKIXIAN  WARS. 


^;flii^th49  hiarnitig^seTcnral  of  jtheir  transpor ti  ciune  to 
A^Y  thkMn,  to'theif  gre^t  lejpicingt  whom  they  went 
oil  Ijioard  ^ofl  mil  sbon  came  up  with  the  whole  fleet, 
irith  whotti  they  joinedy  bending  their  course  direcdy  * 
towards  Porttoyalj  where  they  were  ordered.  Comr 
itig  to  Portrayal  gut^; where  their  4hips  were,  and  caU- 
11^  a' council  according  to  his  instructions,  drew  up 
their  result,  which  is  as  followeth.* 


<'Pre»69il  aa  the  IHM  Ojfk0F9  and  Captains  cf  the 
ImtidyorCM,  dlHHxrd  the  prevh^  Galley,  4th  Jv^k 
1704,  in  Portroyal  harbow,  ,  j  • 

We  whose  names  ar^  hecibunto  subseribed,  having 
deliberately  co^side^ed  the  cause  iii  hand,  whether  it 
'be  proper  to  land  all  ^r  forces,  to  offend  and  destroy 
a^  mi»lh  as  we  ca^'  at  ?<if  trb^ai,  MH  or  any  {«art  of  the 
nhi^bitaiitff  tliereo^^  and  their  estates,  we  are  of  opin«> 
(ip^  that  it  is.  not^ir  our  inierest  and  honoiir,  and  the 
country's  whom  we  serve,  fo  land  aiid  expo;ie  ouK 
lel^es  I  but  quit  it  wholly,  and  go  on  about  dor  other 
)Misi|iesr,  we  have  to''  do ;  for  this  reason,  that  we 
udjj^e  ourselves  inferiour  to  the  strength  of  the  ene^ 
my)  fuid,  therefore,  the  dange^r  and  risk  We  run,  is 
greater  man  the  advantage  we  ca^,  or  tire  likely  to 
pbtaili ;  seeing,^  the  enemy  hath  such  timely  notice, 
a|id  long  o]MM>rtunity  to  provide  theqdselVes  against 
uf^0w  ov^  ship^'  lyiiig  h^^  ^  t^  i^oad  abont  twelf<e 
<^yil , before  we  cb^ld  join  them  from  Menis,  wtier^ 
i^e  ifetp  during  |Uiat  time,  land Hbeinjg  so  nieanly  prel- 
yuied  with  necesiBaries,  conyenient  for  such  an  undei^ 
ti^^g  with  so  ^mall  a  numbet'  of  men,  not  beui|g 
ff>nr  huiidre<it»  capable^nif  fit  for  service  to  hmd) 
iuid»  osiderstanding,  by  all  the  inteUigence  We  can 

■'■     -'''      '"   ' ; '— • '■ '"  ■      '  •  • i— ; '  ■'      i     •■•li'ji" 

i.ifl'^at  an^  steps  shooldhe  taken,  or  even  any  thing  aai4 
tDtiiti  yedueiivg  Pcurtroyal,  siay  seem  ^trangiB,  after  they  had 
jNBe|i^«ttoer^ptorilj  refused  j  by  the  Governour,  as  fati'lNiii 
Jiuiedr^tVe  preceding  histoiy.     Sec  page  358.  '"*^*  \''i'**f^ 

*■  ■   1*  ■■'■"'■^  ,'  '       ..'.■.' 


-j.rtL  ^.i»4---r-'^-!i--~ 


FRENOfl  AKIy  fKDtAK  WAS. 


881 


1  t .  - 


g^,  frMn'  both  Engliilh,  and  French  jMrbonen,  that 
the  fort  is  exceeding  atrong. 

^  John  GoBHAH,  JUeitf .  CM*  i 

WiiTTHitoii  Hii«TON,  .Afiifor, 
Io».Brownj 
^  •' "  ■■  •  f^f-- ' James  CouB,  ■  -^-v 

*^' 5  John  €ooK) 
'Isaac  MnacK, 
'    John  Harkadon,  ^ 

Constant  Church,  ^"^     ' 

John  Dter, 
'  Joshua  Lamb,  ,;, 

'  CalIbb  WnXIAMSON, 
''  Edwabd  Church3    ,  1     / 

/VHaviiig  pursuant  to  my  instructions,  taken  the  ad- 
vice of  the  gentiemea  above  subscribed,  and  eon 
sidering  the  weight  of  their  reasons,  I  do  colicfi 
therewith.  ^BNJAIJI^^  OlURJDH/* , 

"Whereas Colonel  Church  hath  desired  our  opin*> 
Ions,  as  to  the  landing  the  forces  at  Portroyal,  uey 
being  but  four  hundred  effective  men  to  land;  and 
by  all  the  information,  both  of  French  and  English 
'  prisoners,  the  enemy  having  a  greater  number  of  nien, 
and  much  better  provided  to  receive,  than  they  are 
to  attack  them,  we  do  believe,  it  is  for  the  service  of 
the  crown,  and  the  preservation  of  her  Majesty's  nub- 
jects,  to  act  as  above  mentioned.  \      >; 

Thomas  Smiti^,    v 
George  Rogers, 
Ctpbian  Southack.^ 

After  this  they  concluded  what  should  be  next 
d<me,  which  was^  that  the  ships  should  stay  some  days 
longer  at  Portroyal  gut,  and  then  go  over  to  Mount- 
desart  harbour,  and  there  stay  till  Colonel  Church, 
with  his  transports,  came  to  them. 
'  Being  all  jready,  the  Colonel  with  his  transports  and 
forces  went  up  the  bay  to  Signecto,  where  they  need- 


■-***•  •--**,N*w»*'.': 


tdSL 


»MM,f9CHMIHB  INDIAjir  ^WAtlS. 


fidinot  a  fiikxt,  beUiff  Jev^«I  of  thetm  well  i^cqumnted 
there.  (And  [they]  had  pot  jnet  with  go  roanv  difli- 
cultiiis  at  Jjftems,  had  it  iiot.beeti  that  their  pilot  de* 
ceivwlttfaem,  who  knew  nothing  of  the  matter,  [and] 
kept  out  of  the  wayr  and  landed  not  with  them,  &c.) 
And  comtnff  to  Signeeto,  the  i^nemy  were  all  in  arms 
to  receive  them.  Colooie}  ChunCh  landing  his  men, 
the  commander  of  the  enemy  waving  his  sword  over 
his  head,  bid  a  challenge  to  them.  The  Colonel  or- 
dering his  two  wings  to  march  up  apace,  ^nd  come 
upon  the  backs  of  the  enemy*:  Himself  being  in  the 
centre,  and  the  enemy  knowing  him,  Shaving  been 
there  before)  shot  chiefly  at  him.  But  through  God's 
goodness,  received;  no  harm  >  neither  had  he  one  man 
killed,  nor  but  two  slightly  wounded ;  and  then  all  ran 
into  the  woods,  and  left  their  towi^  with  t|Othi]%  in  it^ 
leaving  had  timely  notice  of  but'fotces'  (iDoming,  Ihey] 
nad  came4:&I^^^Ay  put  Q>f  the  reach  of  our  altny; 
for  Colonel  Church  while  there  with  part  o^  his  fdir- 
ces,  ranged^the  woods,  but  to  no  {Hirpose..  Then  re- 
turning to  the  town,  did  them  Wkat  spoil  he  could, 
according  to  his  instrucUons,  and  so  drew  off,  and 
madd  4he  best  of  their  way  for  Passamequad-  And 
going  in^  in  a  great  fogv  one  of  their  transj^^.^s  ran, 
upon  a  rodk,  but  was  soon  got  oJ$' again.  ,,^^. 

.  Tb^  Colonel  Church  with  some  of  <bis  forces  enn^ 
b^ked  in  th^ir  >  whaleboats,  and  weat  amon^t  the 
islands,  with  an  intent  to  goto  Sharkee's  where,  th^y 
had  destroyed  the  fish.  But  observing  a  springy 
plaee  ill  a^ovej  want  on  shore  to  get  some  water  to 
drink;  lt'l>eii]g  a  £»ndy  beach,  they  espied  tracks; 
the  Colonel  presently  ordered  his' men  to  scatter  and 
make  search.  [They]' soon  found  De  Boisses'^wife, 
who  had  formerly  been  Colonel  Church's  prisoner, 
and  carried  to  \^ston,  but  ~  Eeturned ;  who  seemed 
Ve^y  glad  to  see  him^  She  had  with  her,  two  sons, 
that  were  near  men  grown  The  Colonel  ordering 
them  apart,  oxamitied  the  woman  first,  who  gave  him 
this  account  following.    -That  i^e  had  lived  there- 

~  *  Dttbois.    Pronounced  Dubdy. 


91UBN0B  AND  tfflllAN  WJM. 


aboiits  ever  since  the  fleet  went  by ;  uid  UMi  rfie 
had  never  seen  but  two  In<limns  tinci^,  vrhb  cMMIjHI 
a  canoe  from  riorriffwock  $*  [anA  that  iheyyiasliliJ 
her,  *  what  made  her  to  be  tWe  alone  l^mlokl 
them  [that]  she  had  not  seen  a  Fren^inan  jfiot^an 
Ifi£an»  except  those  two,  since  the  Enj^h  shlptf 
went  by.  Then  tlie  Indians  t<^ld  hor,  'thcffe  was  not 
one  Indian  left,  except  those  two,  who  belonged  to 
the  gut  of  Canso,  on  wis  side  of  Canada^  For  thoae 
friars  coming  down  with  the  Indians  to  Monoenr 
Gourdan's ;  and  finding  the  Frenchmen  slain,  and  their 
hair  spoiled,  being  scalped^  put  them  into  a  great 
consternation.  And  the  friars  ;told.  them  it  was  im* 
possible  for  them  to  live  thereabouts;  for  thO'l^g- 
lish  with  their' whaleboats  would  serve  them  all  ao^ 
upon  which  they  alt  went  to^  Norrigwock«'  '  Alio 
told  her  that^  when  the  English  came  alon^  trough 
P^obscot,  they  had  swept  itof  ^  Inhabit^mts,  mif 
it  had  been  swept  with  a  broom;  neither  French  n<^ 
Indians  escaping  them.*  [AndJ  frirther  tqld  her, 
that  when  their  fathers^  the  friara,  and  the  In^ianp 
met  together  at  Norrigwock,  they  called  a  council,/ 
an^  the  friars  toldthe  Indians,  th&t  they  must'l^k' 
out  for  some  other  country,  for  4hat  it  v^m  impo^lK- 
blo  for  them  to  live  there.'  Also  told  them  itha^ 
*  thet-e  was  a  river  called  Mo6sipee,f  where  they  migitt , 
live  quietly,  and  no  English  come  near  >iiem ;  it  n#- 
ing  as  far  beyc^Can^a  as  itwus  to  i|,%c.,  an^  n 
they  would  go  and  live  there;  they  woal^Uve  and 
die  with  them ;  but  if  not  they  would  .leave  ^em, 
a^  iiever  come  near  tliem  ^gatii.*  Whereupon 
they  all  agreed  to  go  away,  which  they  d|di  and  Mh 
their  rough  house](iold  stuff,  and  co<a  ^i^ehind  ^cni ; 
and  went  all,  except  those  two,.for  C$inip|i.  jDifo 
her  sons  giving  the  same  intelligence,,«0i^e  had  no 
reason  to  think,  but  that  it  was  true. 

'[who] 


liHiUri 


,^  Norridgewock.    Sec  note  1,  on  p^e  887. 

t The  river Mi8^ippil8ttppo»c  wa^^i^cant.^,^ ^^^ 


riusKCH  Mr0  mBiAK  wars. 

T  f 

^>^C<kl<mel  Church  having  done  what  he  could  there, 
•Bofettvlced  oil  board  the  transports,  and  went  to 
Jidiiiitdesart.  [He]  found  no  ships  there,  but  a 
iNvidlet,  rid  off  %  a  line  in  the  harbour,  which  he 
wderod  to  be  taken  up<  And  opening  of  it,  found  a 
loiter,  which  gave  him  an  account  that  the  ships 
were  gone  home  fbr  Boston. 

tThen  he  proceeded  and  M^nt to  Penobscot.  Where 
being  come,  [they]  made  diligent  search  in  those 
parts  ^rir  the  enemy ;  but  could  not  find,  or  make  any 
diseovery  of  them ;  orth&iany  had  been  there,  since 
.lie  4eft  tbose  parts ;  which  caused  him  to  believe 
what  Be  Boisses'  wife  had  told  him  was  true.  - 
,  r%ill)  only  by  the  way,  just  give  a  hint  of  what 
Ive  heard  since,  of  the  effects  of  this  expedition,  and 
ithen  proceed.  f%st)  that  the  EInglish  forces  that 
went  next  to  Norrigwock,  found  that  the  enemv  was 
(i^one,  and  had  left  their  rough  household  stuff,  and 
corn  behind  them.* 

Also,  not  Icing  aftet  this  expedition,  there  were 
ipeyeral  gentlemenf  sent  down  from  Canada,  to  coi^ 

.■■  .    I       ■    "i'    I        mjn  ■<■;    MiiW.Wipiii       I      I i'l     I    ■     <       ■■■■■■■— I      1,1      a      , .1     ■■ I  I  !■  ■i»wii| 

*  *  K^ference  is  here  made,  it  is  thoaght,  to  the  expedition 
ander  Col.  Hilton,  in  ibe  winter  of  1705.  He  with  350  "Rn^r 
1^,  and  SOfhdiftns  (Dr.  DoaglaaB  says  he  bad  but  3S0  inen) 
'^i>iiired'4t»  Norridsewook  on  snow  moes,  but  found  no  ene- 
aites  to  eonteod  with.  They  burned  the  deserted  wicwams, 
and  a  chap«|,  and  then  retiirned.  See  Belknap,  I,  368,  and 
PenhaUoWyW. 

About  the  samti  tidie  an'-eiqplress  was  ordered  with  snow 
^oes  for  the  firdhti^irs,  but  wasihtereepted  by  a  scout  frmn 
Bfojjireal,  who  robbed  him  of  50  pounds  in  money ;  which,  on 
beinc  taken  to  Canada,  the  Governour  converted  it  into  a 
ibowLand  caUed  it  the  Newetagland  gift.  lb.,  or  N.  H.  Hvt, 
Soc.  Col.I,S. 

4  Htttebinson,  U,  141 ,  sub  anno  1706,  mentions  that  4  or  5 
Wtons  were  sent  to  Canatia  "  for  the  exchange  of  prisoners, 
Who  btbii|{ht  back  Mr.  Williams,  the  minister,  and  many  of 
the  inhabitants  of  Deerfield^  with  other  captivcj^."  He  meiir 
tipns  DO  more  than  one's  being  sent  from  Canada,  and  that, 
aiter  ours  hsd  been  sent  there.  Hence  f^  appears  that  he 
Was  not  very  wdl  acquainted  with  the  affair ;  for  PenhaJ- 
1ow*s  history  was  extant  before  he  wrote,  who  nvesthe  par- 
licuiais  about  it,  vis.,  that  on  "  the  4  May  17M,  Cqit.  Hill, 


C«^ 
tell 
ei 


FR&MCH  AKD  INDIAN  WARS, 


385 


cert  with  out  (SoTernour  about  the  settling  of  m  ear- 
tel  for  the  exchange  of  prisoners ;  and  that  the^loiF* 
ernoiir*  of  Canada  has  never  since"  sent  down  an 
army  upon  our  frontiers,  (that  I  know  of )  except 
sometimes  a  scout  of  Indians  to  take  some  prisonevty 
that  he  might  be  informed  of  our  state,  and  what  we 
wefe  acting,  dLc.  And  always  took  care  that  the 
prisoners  so  taken,  dbould  be  civilly  treated,  an4 
safely  returned,  as  I  have  been  informed.  [Also,] 
that  some  of  the  prisoners  that  were  taken  gave  an 
account  [to  this  effect;]  so  that  we  have  great  cause 
to  believe,  that  the  message  [which}  Cokmel  Church 
sent  by  the  two  French  gentlemen  from  Menis^  tOi 
the  Governour  of  Portroyal,  took  effect,  and  was-A 
means  to  bring  peace  in  our  borders,  &c.  ' 

Then  Colonel  Church  with  his  forces  embarked^oH 
board  the  t|raiispor^,  and  went  to  Casco  bay,  where 
they  met  wit^. Captain  Oallop,:in  a  vessel  from ^j^ 
ton;  who  had  brought  Colonel  Church  further  orders; 
which  were,  to  send  some  of  his  forces  up  to  Norri||t. 
Woejjt,  in  piirsuit  of  the  enemy.  But  he  being  sehst- 
ble  ihat  tne  enemy  were  gone  from  thence,  and  thai 
his  soldiers  were  much  worn  out,  and  fatigued  in  t^^ 
hard  service  they  had  already  done,  and  wanted  to 
get  borne,  [he]  called  a  council,  and  agreed,  all  t(9 
go  home ;.  which,  accordingly  they  did. 

T'o  conclude  this  expedition,  I  will  just  give  a  bini 
of  .some  treatment,f  [whiph]  Colonel  Church  had  be- 

wliQ  was  formerly  taken  at  Wells  antl  carried  to  Cani^^ 
Was  from  thence  sent  to  conc<ert  Hhe  exehange-or^prisonerk" 
He  gave  information  that  there  were  about  187  EfiwHift 
prisoners  with  the  French  and  Indians.  "Upon  thea^ce 
hiereof,"  the  persons  mentioned  by  Hatchinsola,  were  seqt4# 
Canada;  and  sdcee«ded  inireseoifig  about  60  captives.  Thf 
Firettch  €M>v«f  nouT  was  kept  in  su^ieiise  by  the  manag.«iii«iit 
of  Governour  D  udley.  He  wished  for  a  nckilniity,  and  daiy 
ing  the  time,  the  frontiers  enjoyed  peace  and  tranqaiUity. 
Hutchinson,  ib. 

*  Yandreul.     ^ 
"dat'        I  t  ^^  appears  that  Church  was  censured  wrongAiUy,  and 

j^'       I       fiir  soBM  time,  bore  the  faolts,  due  only  to  others.    For  it 


lid  there, 
went  to 
e,  but  a 
which  he 
:,  found  a 
the  ships 

.  Where 
in  those 
nake  any 
»re,  since 
>  believe 
►»■'■-■•  -    ■ 

of  what 
tion,  and 
ces  that 
emywas 
tuff,  |nd 

ire  were 
to  con^ 

Kpedition 
25d  Enc:- 
220  men) 
i  no  ene- 
rigwams, 
368,  and 

ith  snow 
rat  Urinn 
hich,  on 
it  into  a 
H.  Hirt. 

at  4  or  5 
risoners, 
nany  of 
le  men- 
id  that, 
that  he 
Penhal- 
he 


/H*., 


2B6 


FRENCH  AND  INDIAN  WAES. 


lore  and  after  he  came  home.  For  all  hit  great  ex* 
p<$nfi^  latiguei  and  hardships^  in  and  about  tlutex* 
pedition,  viz.,  he  received  of  his  excellency  fiftrnin 
ttaimd9t  as  an  earnest  penny,  towards  raising  volun- 
teers. And  after  he  came  to  receive  his  debeni- 
ture  for  his  ColonePs  pay,  there  ifreretwoskiUingt  amd 
fcmr  pence  due  to  him.  And  as  for  his  Captain's 
pay*  uid  man  Jack ;  he  has  never  received  any  thing 
as  yet. 

*  Also,  after  he  came  home,  some  ill  minded  per- 
sons did  their  endeavour  to  have  ttdien  awi^  his  life  ^ 
for  there  were  some  of  the  French  enemy  kilied,f 
[in]  this  expedition.  But  his  excellency  the  Qov- 
^nour,  the  honourable  council,  and  the  house  of 
*^piieseiitative8,  saw  cause  to  clear  him«  and  gave  him 
■hanks  for. his  good  service  done.| 


■  5; 


TT- 


irM  i^enertUy  thought  by  the  people,  tfeait  CoL  Church  went 
'at  this  ^xpeaitioii;  for  the  express  purpose  of  redneing  B»rt- 
royiSj  M  n  w%$,<  by  the  coTermnentj  styled  the  ^'Portroyafex- 
plMilioii,"  or,  as  enterea  on  the  council  books  "  an  expedition 
t9  jportroyal,*'  not  knowing  that  he  was  strictly  ordered  to 
he  contrary ;  therefore,  we  are  not  surprised  that  he  should 
1M  blamed,  until  the  truth  i^ould  be  known.  The  Goterii- 
tfitt  was  accused  of  prcMervinft  that  place  to  benefit  himself 
liiy  an  illegal  trade  with  the  inhabitants.  However  this  may 
4m,  he  excused  himself  by  saying,  that  he  had  no  orders  from 
toe  i^ueen  to  go  af^pstit;  and  that  her  Majesty  waito 

Snd  oyer  in  the  spring;,  a  force  expressly  for  that' |Mirpoee, 
has  beeu  lurenoiisly  stated  in  this  history. 

'  *  It  will  be  recollected  that  he  was  commisnoned  Cokmel 
ail4  Captmn  At  the  same  time,  and  in  the  same  warrant. 

t  See  page  26§.    jSome  of  tht  enemy  that  would  ni^t  sur- 

^  Thus  ends  fhie  military  achievements  of  the  justly  cele- 
brated Bbmjamih  Chvbcb.  [The  reader  id  requested  to 
eorr<bct  an  errour  in  Dr.  Douglass'  History,  I,^  657,  8,  where 
he  observes,  that  Col.  Church  made  an  expedition  in  t707-.8 1 
ift  was  Col,  March.] 


"^^Tyi^ 


'-.^J^^   'v--*:r' 


I  i 


■  V  ■■ 


ir- 


APPENDIX. 


I. 


▲CCOtTNT  OF  TifE  CAltLT  TOTAOKS    TO,  AMD 
ttt^LEHEl^S  IN  NORTH  AMKRIOA,  AND  THE 
TREATMENT  OF  THE  INDIANS  BT 
TBOllE  YOYAOEBS. 


An  early  ai  1308,  the  natives  of  North  Amerioi 
began  to  be  carried  away  by  voyagers,  sometimes  by 
force,  and  sometimes  by  flattery.  At  this  early  pe^r 
riod,  one  Aubert,  a  Frenchman,  sailed  up  the  river  St. 
Lawrenee,  and  on  his  return  to  France,  conveyed  ^ff 
a«number  of  the  natives.*  In  1685,  a  eokmy  was 
sent  out  from  England,  under  the  direction  of  Sir 
Walter  ftalegh,  and  was  settled  at  Roanoke.  This 
was^  the  first  English  colony  planted  in  Amertca*f 
Through  their  misconduct  to  the  natives,  and  to  one 
another,  they  found  themselves  in  a  miserable  condi^ 
tion  before  the  end  of  a  y^ar..  Sir  Francis  Pra!^.; 
returning  that  way  from  a  crUise  against  the  Spani^ 
aids,  gave  ^em  a.  passage  to  £nglimd>  in  his  fleet, 
lust  b^foi^  the  arrival  of  Drake,  a  chie^  and  mlu^y 
of  his  men'  wete  killed,  and  afterwards- axi  bidiiui 
town  was  burned,  by  order  <^  ^ir  Richard  Otenviilei 
who  brought  supplies  to.  the  colonists. 

In  1602,  Bartholomew  Gosnold  sailed  from  Eng^ 
land,  and  was  the  first  Englishman  that  came  in  « 
direct  course  to  this  part  of  America.!  He  fell  m 
mtb  the  coast  near  Cape  Cod,  which  he  discovered. 
Beiiig  met  near  the  shore,  by  the  natives  in  their  ca- 

*  iiilQeiriean  Anna^,  I,  S7. 
^Selknsp,  Bio|;.  j^  381.       '" 


t  lb.  I»  U9. 

H.I  Jl  t  ft    I 


^^r 


U  '*l 


«lf^T; 


•l  ».y 


':itii 


''i^ 


APPENDIX. 

noM,  wai  kindly  treated  by  them,  and  they  helped 
him  load  his  vessels.* 

Th|^  next  year^  M^tin  Pring  arrived  on  the  coast, 
alidiiollected  a  cki|(b  ^f  8asAaJlSfair.f  The  Indians 
apneared  hostile  to  this  company,  and  caused  them 
to  leave  the  coast,  soofi^  dian  they  would  otherwise 
liave  done,  Bui  thit  wm  not  wiv)oiit  a  cavse,.  4 
cano&liad  been  stolen  from,  them?  fo^jthe^  were 
sported  with  by  the  sailors,  who,  to  set  rid  of  them, 
when  they  hud  amused  themselves  sufficiently,  would 
set  their  dogs  to  chase  them  away. 
-  In  1 605,  Captain  George  Wevmouth  carried  off  five 
of  the  natives  from  the  coast  orNewengland,  against 
their  consent  (  one  of  whom  was  a  chief,      r. 

In '1607,  the  first  permanent  colony  of  Virginia 
arriviM  in  the  CheSapeak,  the  twentysixth  of  April, 
and  the  thirteenth  of  May,  they  took  a  position  for 
#lown ;  which,  soon  after,  in  honour  of  King  lames, 
was  nanned  James  Town.  They  were  annoyed  bv 
the  Indians  at  first,  and  one  person  was  killed.  A 
peace  was  concluded  in  June  following,  but  it  was 
of  short  duration.  An  attempt,  also,  to  settle  a 
oolony  OR  Kennebeck  river  was  made  this  yoar,  but 
waa' relinquished  the  next.{  w. 

.  In  1614,  Captain  Joiin  Smith  made  a  pirofitable 
voyage  to  Newengland,  and  made  im  accurate  surr 
yi&f  of  its  coast.  ^  The  Newimgland  Indians,  in  this 
yojNige,  were  justly  inceriscd  a^^nst  the  English,  to 
a  ffineat  degree.  When  Smith  went  for  England,  he 
left'  one  Sunt  to  complete  his  carjN>  of  fish.  This 
perfidious  man  en^c^  twei^ty  four  Indians  on  board 
his  vessel,  put  them  in  confinement,  and  sold  thlem 
at  Malaga,  to  the  Spaniards,  for  slaves.  In  the  course 
of  tfae>year,  another  vessel  came  on  the  coast  to  trade 
with  two  of  those  taken  off  %y  Hunt,  to  assist  in  the 

- -1 ; -fr"!       J       -    -ij  .  -        II    n  ,1.  !■    I    -  -  II   1   I 

*^_l8^'— ■^^  ftnd  fivn  were  then  the  articles  of  exportation^ 
fSee  Belknajb's  life  of  Prins.     SasHiifras  was  collected 
about  the  idands.     Pring  found  it  on  wha.t  M»  now  £dg4r 
town.  :f?«s  *tj«.0'- 

t  See  page  171  and  note  5. 


at 


r..*"- 


.      J- 


y  lielped 

lie  coast, 
)  Indians 
led  them 
therwise 

«gr  were 
>f  them, 
Yi  would 

1  off  five 
against 
''<■*-' ,  (sji>„ 
l^ifgtiui 
f  April, 
tion  for 
James, 
yed  hw 
ed.    A 
tit  was 
ettle  a 
^,  hut 

>fitabie 
kte  suri* 
in  this 
lish,  to 
md,he 
This 
boaid 
i  ibtom 
couisd 
» trade 
in  the 


fttion. 
Utcted 


tyusiness.  It  was  now  desiffited  to  settle  a  trading 
bouse,  hot  the  Indians  soondlMfearafed  tlM»Hitlne 
attempt.  One  of  the  prisoners  had  died,  a^^  the 
other  was  not  permitted  to  go>eii  siban.  BvKlme 
approached  the  ship  under  pretence  of  trade,  aaihii 
jumped  OTerboard.  His  firiends  in  the  canoes  disolnf|»* 
od  their  arrows  so  thick  at  the  same  time,  that  di 
defiance  of  the  English  guns,  thej  got  him  on  boards 
and  paddled  off.  A  number  of  the  English  wen 
badly  wounded,  and  some  of  the  Indians  killed.  The 
English  were  discouraged,  and  sailed  lor  Engiandi^^ 
Two  other  natives,  carried  away  by  Hunt,  (bund 
means,  in  time,  to  get  back  to  ]N  ewengland,  and  in 
Mme  measure,  alla]^  tho  venrgennce  of  their  coun-* 
trymen ;  hf  assuring  them  that  the  English,  in  gene- 
ral, were  highly  die^eased  at  the  conduct  of  Captain 
Hunt.f       " 

These,  and  many  other  insults  on  the  kuUaiis 
theugh  small,  in  comparison  with  those  suffered  b . 
their  race  in  South  America,  were  more  than  enough 
to  cause  them  to  entertain  fearful  lipprehensions  of 
every  stranger. 

Before  1619,  perhaps  it  would  have  been  alto- 
gether impracticable  to  have  attempted  a  settlemwif 
m  Newen^land,  pnevious  to  this  time.  The  natives 
before  which,  were  extremely  numerous  and  wacUke  $ 
but  this  year,}  a  mortial  sfokness  prevailed  amoi^ 
them^  thiit  almost  entirely  desolated  the  coun^f  ki«> 
somucfa,  that  the  living  could  not  bury  the  d^adk 
For  when  ^e  Pilgrims  arrived  at Pfymouth,  the  ground 
was  strewed  witn  human  bones.  The  extent  of  this 
pestilence  was  fi«om  Penobscot  to  Narraganset^ 

•  American  Annals,  1, 184, 185.  t  Hist.  N.  H.  t,  1(0,  it 
tit  is  not  certain  that  this  plague  haMMned  in  161d, 
tliMigii from  Johnson  and  others  ciledby  HplmeSt  (I,:  3d7, 
906,)  it  appears  pntoble.  MorUm,  S&rsays  that  it  was  two 
c^thtte  yearn  before  the  ^ttlemen*  of  Flvmonth.  ^Pripce 
ChroQ.  l\9,  thinks  this  plague  ragged  as  early  as  1616  or  1" 

^  Piiaee;  Chron.  1«^  and  Bellrfia||,  Bioi^UliiW  . 

26  ""'  '■-■■■""•^  '"■■' 


▲FPENDIX. 


Hi^-OBimV  OF  TBI  SlTTLIlfBlfT  OF  NBWKNOLANU 

BRovmT  and  fupentition  began  to  Iom  some 
ftomid  in  Enffland,  at  early  as  1550.  And  the  pef- 
■eeutions,  and  sufferingt  of  the  early  martyrs  oi  re 
liglous  freedom,  have  been  the  subject  of  many  mas- 
ay  volumes.  In  1549,  a  liturgy  had  been  prepared 
by  the  bishops,  and  a  law  passed  both  houses.ofPar- 
liament,  **  that  all  divine  offices  should  be  performed 
according  to  it."*  The  clergy  were  ordered  to 
conform  to  the  liturgy,^  under  pain  of  fines  and  im 
prisonment.  And,  as  has  always  since  been  the  case, 
among  all  sects,  the  new  sect,  then  denominated  Pu- 
rUana,  grew  more  numerous,  in  proportion,  as  the 
severity  of  persecution  increased. 

In  1607,  a  congregation  fled  from  Ensland  into 
Holland,  and  in  1606,  were  joined  by  others,  and  a 
church  was  there  established,  according,  as  thev  be- 
lieved, to  the  principles  of  the  primitive  church  of 
Christ ;  havinff  Mr.  John  Robinson  for  their  pastor. 
Their  removal  from  England  into  Holland,  was  at- 
tended with  the  greatest  difficulties,  and  though  over- 
looked.by  the  chief  historians,  who  have  written^upon 
their  history,  is  certainhr  among  the  first  articles  that 
should  be  related.  It  ronned  a  part  of  a  Manuscript 
HiaCoryi  written  by  Mr.  William  Bradford,  one  of 
thoir  number,  which,  though  .<ttnce  lostf,  was^in  pos- 
session of  Governour  Hutchinson,  who  copied  this 
valuable  part  into  his  **summar)r  of  the  affairs  of  the 
colony  of  New  Plymouth,*'|  which  is  as  follows.     ^ 

<*  There  was  a  large  company  of  them  proposed  to 
get  passage  at  Boston  in  Lincolnshire,  and  for  that 

*  Holmes'  Annals,  I,  50. 

f  At  least,  it  has  not  l>een  seen  since  1775,  wlien  the  Brit- 
'  idi  Pandala  under  Gen.  Gage,  in  a  saiurilegious  manner,  dis- 
turbed the  contents  of  the  old  soath  church,  where  it' was  do* 
posited. 

t  In hisHist  Mass.  Hi  No.  I  AppendijL      ' 


I  ; 


OLANp 

•e  'some 
the  Def- 
n  or  re 
uiymas- 
»repared 
ofPar- 
rformed 
ered  to 
and  im 
he  cose, 
ted  Pth 
I  as  the 

nd  into 
9,  ai|d  a 
hev  be- 
irch  of 
pastor, 
was  at- 
jhover- 
BQ^upon 
ilea  that 
lus^ript 
one  of 
in  pos- 
ed this 
i of  the 
ws. 

osed  to 
or  that 


lie  Brit- 
wr,  difl. 
Hr«8de» 


APPENDIX. 

end  had  hired  a  ship  wholly  to  themselves,  nnAmmim 
agreement  with  the  matter  to  be  ready  at  a  oertAin 
day,  and  take  them  and  their  goods  in  at  a  ^f^^r 
nient  place,  where  accordingly  they  would  all  Mmd 
in  readiness.  So  after  long  waiting  and  large  Mr 
pense,  though  he  kept  not  day  with  them,  yet  Im 
came  at  lenffth  and  took  them  in,  in  the  night.  .  Bui 
when  he  haa  them  and  their  goods  aboard  he  betn^ed 
them,  having  beforehand  complotted  with  the  search* 
era  and  other  officers  so  to  do,  who  took  them  and  pu| 
them  into  open  boats,  and  then  rifled  and  ransacked 
them^  searching  them  to  their  shirts  for  money,  yea, 
even  the  women,  further  than  became  modesty,  uid 
then  carried  them  back  into  the  town,  and  made  them  4 
i^ctacle  and  woilder  to  the  multitude,  which  eaae 
flocking  on  all  sides  to  behold  them.  Being  thusi 
first  by  the  catch-poles,  rifled  and  stript  of  theii^ 
money,  books,  and  much  other  goods,  they  were  pre^ 
sented  to  the  magistrates,  and  messengers  sent  to  in- 
form the  lords  of  the  council  of  them,  and  so  they 
were  committed  to  ward.  Indeed  the  magistrates 
used  thenr  courteously,  and  showed  them  what  favour 
they  could,  but  could  not  deliver  them  till  order 
came  from  the  council  table ;  but  the  issue  was,  thai 
after  a  month's  imprisonment,  the  greatest  part  were 
dismissed,  and  sent  to  the  places  ftom  whence  they 
came,  but  seven  of  the  principal  men  were  still  kept 
in  prison  and  bound  over,  to  the  assizes.  The  nexl 
spring  after,  there  was  another  attempt  made,  by 
some  of  these  and  others,  to  get  over  at  another 
place.  And  so  it  fell  out,  that  they  light  of  a  Dutch- 
man at  HiHl,  having  a  ship  of  his  own  belonging  to 
Zealand.  They  made  agreement  with  him,  and  ac- 
quainted him  with  their  condition,  hoping  to  find 
more  ftdthfulness  in  him,  than  in  the  former  of  their 
own  nation.  He  bade  them  not  fear,  for  he  would  do 
Well  enough.  He  was  by  apppointment  to  take  them 
in,  between  Grindstone*  and  Hull,  where  was  a  large 

*  Grimsby  says  Belknap. 


9M 


AFPSNDIX. 


f 
I 


cemmoa,  a  good  way  distant  from  any  town.  Nonr 
a^^aiatt  the  prafixed  time,  the  women  and  children, 
with  |he  ffcfods,  were  sent  to  the  place  in  a  «maU 
bark^  which  they  had  hired  for  that  end,  and  the  men 
were  to  meet  them  by  land ;  but  it  so  fell  out,  that 
they  were  there  a  day  before  the  ship  came,  and  the  sea 
being  rough  and  the  women  very  sick,  prevailed  with 
the  seamen  to  pui  into  a  creek  hard  by,  where  they 
lay  en  ground  at  low  water.  The  next  morning  the 
ship  came,  but  they  were  fast  and  could  not  stir  till 
about  noon.  In  the  mean  time,  the  ship  master  per* 
ceiving  how  the  matter  was,  sent  his  boat  to  get  the 
men  a^ard,  whom  he  saw  ready,  walking  about  the 
shore,  but  after  the  first  boat-full  was  got  aboard,  and 
she  was  ready  to  go  for  mor^,  the  master  espied  a 
great  company  both  horse  and  foot,  with  ,bills  and 
guns  and  other  weapons,  for  the  country  was  raised 
to  take  them.  The  Dutchman  seeing  that,  swore  his 
country  oath,  *  Sacrament^,''  and  having  the  wind  fair, 
weighed  anchor,  hoisted  sails,  and  away.  After  en- 
during a  fearful  storm  at  sea,  for  fourteen  days  or 
more,  seven  whereof  they  never  saw  sun,  moon  nor 
stars,  and  being  driven  near  the  coast  of  Norway, 
they  arrived  at  their  desired  haven,  where  the  people 
came  flocking,  admiring  their  deliverance,  the  storm 
having  been  so  long  and  sore,  in  which  much  hurt 
had  been  done,  as  the  master's  friends  related  to  him 
in  their  congratulations.  The  rest  of  the  men  that 
were  in  greatest  danger,  made  a  shift  to  escape  away 
before  the  troop  could  surprise  them,  those  only  stayer 
ing  that  best  might  be  assisting  unto  the  women« 
But  pitiful  it  was  to  see  the  heavy  case  of  these  poor 
women  indistress ;  what  weeping^md  crying  on  every 
side,  some  for  their  husbands  that  were  carried  away 
in  the  ship,  otliers  not  knowing  what  should  become 
of  them  and  their  little  ones,  cryinff  for  fear  and 
quaking  with  cold.  Being  apprehenaed,  they  were 
hurried  from  one  place  to  another,  till  in  the  end  they 
knew  not  what  to  do  with  them ;  for,  to  imprison  so 


lo 


Apraimix. 


many, women  with  their  innocent  ohildran  fbriio^ 
other  cause,  many  of  them,  but  that  they  wonrid/go 
with  their  husbands;  seemed  to  be  unreasonable,  arc 
all  would  cry  out  of  them ;  and  to  send  them  hoiiM 
again  was  as  difixcult,  for  they  alleged,  as  t)i®  truth 
was,  they  had  no  nomes  to  go  to,  for  they  haid  either 
sold  or  otherwise  disposed  of  their  houses  and  \\^ 
ings :  To  be  short,  after  they  had  been  thus  turmoiled 
a  good  while,  and  conveyed  from  one  constable  to 
another,  they  were  glad  to  be  rid  of  them  in  the  end 
upon  any  terms,  though,  in  the  mean  time,  they,  poor 
souls,  endured  misery  enough.*' 

After  remaining  several  years  in  Holland,  they  be- 
ffan  to  fear  that  their  company  would  finally  become 
lost,  by  their  connexion  with  the  Dutch;  and  that 
their  efforts  to  establisli  the  true  religion,  also  lo8t« 
Some  of  their  young  men  had  already  engaged  iut 
the  military  service  of  the  Dutch,  and  marriages  witb 
their  young  women  had  taken  place.  These  things 
caused  much  grief  to  the  pious  Forefathers;  mor^ 
especially,  because  the  Dutch  were  dissolute  in  thehr 
morids. 

Under  these  considerations,  their  thoughts  were 
turned  towards  America;  but,  never  so  far  north  aa 
Newengland.  Sir  Walter  Ralegh  was  about  thia 
time,*  projecting  a  settlement  in  Guiana,  and  this 
place  was  first  taken  under  consideration.  Here  n 
perpetual  spring  was  promised,  and  all  the  beauties 
of  a  tropical  summer.  But  considering  the  discasea 
which  were  so  fatal  to  Europeans,  and  their  near 
vicinity  to  the  Spaniards,!  the  majority  were  against 
a  removal  thither.  .,>| 

At  length,  they  resolved  to  make  their  settlement 
in  north  v  irginia,}  and  accordingly  they  sent  agents 

•  1617.  ~         "^ 

t  The  Spaniards  had  not  actually  taken  poflseaiion  of  this 
country,  but  claimed  it.    Belknap,  Biog.  Il,  167. 

I  North  America  was  then  known  under  the  general  niiAM| 
of  north  and  south  Virginia,  divided  by  the  pataUd  of  04 


•«,-> 


S94^ 


AFKsatmx. 


Uh£B|^iMHlrto  obtnn  a  grant  fiiom  the  Virgima  com- 
p^^i  iflDd  to  know  whether  the  King  would  grant 
tham  tiberty  of  eonscience,  in  that  distant  country. 
The  Vir^nia  company  were  willing  to  grant  them 
mch  privileges  as  were  in  their  power,  but  the  bigot* 
ted  James  would  agree  no' further,  than  "  to  connive 
at  them,  provided  they  should  conduct  peaceably."* 
The  agents  returned  the  next  year,  1618,  to  the 
great  discouragement  of  the  congregation.  Resolved^ 
however,  to  make  another  trial,  agents  were  sent 
again  the  next ^ear,  and  after  long  and  tedious  de- 
]ays,f  a  grant  was  obtained,  under  the  seal  of  the 
company,  which,  after  all  this  great  trouble  and 
expense,  was  never  used.^'Sf>-  '■■^-  ••■'•^'*-  -Luli  ;i6|>w^^^^*^ 

1/  Notwithstandingj  their  removal  was  not  given  up, 
and  they  made  ready  for  their  voyage,  with  what  ex- 
pedition they  could.  It  was  agreed  that  a  part 
should  go  before,  to  prepare  the  way ;  and^  accord- 

hgly,  two  ships  were  got  ready^  one  named  the 
Speedwell,  of  «ixty  tons,  the  other  the  Mayflower, 
5f  one  hundred  and  eight  tons.  -  They  first  went  from 
Leyden  to  England,  and  on  the  fifth  of  August,  1620, 
thi^  »eft  Southampton  for  America  ;<^  but,  they  were 
twice  forced  to  return,  by  reason  of  the  bad  state  of 
the  lesser  ship.  A 

It  was  now  agreed  to  dismiss  the  Speedwell,  mt^ 
they  embarked  on  board  the  Mayflower,  and,  on  (he 
tixth  of  S^tember,  again  sailed  on  their  intended 
voyage.  II  ■^"■'■':i»?^«s-|«iftJ#'fR;ji4^«^^^^ 

bayofFundy.  '       ;    ,  ;  .' 

*  Belknap,  Biog.  11^  170.    American  Annals,  1, 198.         ^ 

,t  Occasioned  by  dissensions  among  the  Virginia,  company. 
Otie  treasurer  having  resigned  was  displeased  with  his  suc- 
cessor.   See  Bradford  in  Prince,  151, 153. 

1  Because  it  was  taken  out  in  the  name  of  a  g<Bntleman, 
WDom**  providence"  separated  from  them.  ^, 

$  They  ^tended  to  have  settled  somewhere  near  Hudson's 
river.      ■>^: :    •'  "  ■ .    -  ^\  A- '  .-. 

I  Tm  taut  port  they  left  was  Plymouth. 


ti< 

a 

sei 
th 


#BNDIX. 

^floeh  wec8  the  transActiont,  and  such  the  difficult, 
ties,  attending  this  persevering  company  of  Filgriinst 
(as  they  are  truly  called)  in  the  great  attempt,  to  sttt- 
tie  a  colony  in  America.  As  no  particolars  are  pre* 
served  of  their  voyage,  we  may  now  leave  them  until , 
they  appear  on  the  coast.*  .,? 


III. ^LANDING  OF  THE  PILGBIMS  AT  PLYMOUTH. 


^■' 


f^VTEn  some  difficulties,  in  a  voyage  of  two  months, 
abd  three  days,  they  fell  in  with  the  land  of  Cape  Cod, 
on  the  ninth  of  November.  Finding  themselves  fur- 
ther north  than  they  intended  to  settle,  they  stood  to 
the  southward ;  but  soon  finding  themselves  nearly 
encompassed  with  dangerous  shoals,  the  Captain  fi 
took  advantage  of  their  fears,  and  bore  up  again  ior 
the  cape ;  and,  on  the  tenth  of  November,  anchorecf 
in  cape  Cod  harbour.T 

On  observing  their  latitude,  thsy  found  themselves 
out. of  the  lihiits  of  the  south  Virginia  company.^ 
Upon  which  it  was  hinted  by  some,  that  they  should 
now  be  under  no  laws,  and  every  servant  would  have 
as  much  authority  as  his  master.  But  the  wisdom 
that  had  conducted  them  hither,  was  sufficient  to  pro* 
vide  against  this  evil ;  therefore,  an  instrument  was 
drawn  and  signed,  by  which  they  unanimously  form^ 
ed  themselves  into  a  body  politic.  This  instrument 
was  executed  November  the  eleventh,  and  signed  by 
fortyone  persons ;  that  being  the  number  of  men, 
qualified  to  act  for  themselves.     Their  whole  number, 

*  It  is .  related  that  io  a  storm  a  beam  of  the  ship  waS 
throwo  out  of  its  place,  and  that  they  began  to  despair,  but 
some  gentleman  having  a  large  iron  screw,  oy  pneans  of  which 
it  was  again  forced  into  its  place. 

t  Jones. 

%  The  Captain  of  the  ship  was  hired  by  the  Dutch  to  land 
them  thus  far  north,  because  they  claimed  the  country  at  • 
Hudson's  river,  and  were  unwilling  that  the  EiwUiil  should 
get  any  footing  there.  '  See  Morton,  Id.  i^%' ■^' 


296 


APPEKmk. 


confliMied  of  Om  hundred  and  one.*    John  Carver 
wii8<!ho«en  Govemour  for  one  year.  a 

^  '  I       '  I*  I  II  I    -»—p — y<fc\ 

*  At  i|  miuft  be  ever  gratifying  to  poiterity  to  know  tfiie 
finit  rorm  of  government  ever  drawn  up  in  their  conntrj,  and' 
the  names  of  those  who  first  ventnred  upon  the  gi^eat  under- 
taking, both  are  here  presented  to  their  view,  as  I  find  them . 
in  Mr.  Prince's  N.  Eng.  Chronology.  In  my  first  edition  I 
copied  from  Morton,  but  on  account  of  some  erroars  in  the 
names  of  the  su^ners  as  given  in  his  Newengland*r  Memidrid 
I  copy  from  Mr.  Prince.  However,  it  is  possible  that  some 
small  ierroars  may  exist,  even  in  his  list;  for  we  know,  that 
the  chirography>«c0 1630,  was  vastly  different  from  that  a 
hundred  years  a^r ;  insomuch,  that  what  Mr.  Morton  read 
for  an  r,  might  have  been  taken  afterward  for  a  thy  Mr. 
Prince,  &c.,  as  will  appear  by  comparing  those  names,  in 
which  a  difference  is  seen.  Mr.  Morton  writes  No.  35,  John  , 
Graxton,  No.  37,  Joses  Fletcher,  No.  39,  Digery  Priest,  No. 
34,  Richard  Bitteridge,  and  No.  40,  Edward  Doten.  He 
also  has  No.  33.  Edmund  Morgeson,  but  that  I  Suppose  to  be  a 
misprint.  Both  of  those  authors  copied  from  Gov.  Bradford*!! 
MS.,  as  Hutchinson  perhaps  did,  who  differs  fromboth.  He 
writes  Nos..  15  and  16,  TiUey,  No.  30,  Ridgsdale,  No.  35, 
Croxton,  No.  37,  Gardner.  But  the  most  unaccountable  dif- 
ferences exist  between  authors  who  have  copied  from  Mr. 
Prince's  printed  book.  I  need  not  tiame  any  one  j  in  particular) 
as  all  that  I  have  met  with,  differ  in  some  respect,  except  the : 
Elditors  of  the  N.  H.  Hist.  Collections,  wha  seem  ti>  have 
been  particularly  careful. 

**  In  the  name  of  God,  Amen.  We,  whose  names  are  under 
written  the  loyal  subjects  of  our  dread  sovereign  Lord  Kihe 
James,  by  the  grace  of  God,  of  Great  Britain,  France  Mid 
Ireland,  Kins,  defender  of  the  faith,  &.C. 

Having  undertaken  for  the  glory  of  God,  and  advancement 
of  the  christian  faith,  and  honour  of  our  King  and  country, 
a  voyage  to  plant  the  first  colony  in  the  northern  parts  of 
Virginia,  do  by  these  presents,  solemnly  and  mutually  in  the 
presence  of  God,  and  one  of  another,  covenant  and  combine 
ourselves  toeether,  into  a  civil  body  politick,  for  our  better 
ordering  ana  preservation,  and  fartherance  of  the  endsafore^ 
said  ;  and  by  virtue  hereof,  to  enact,  constitute,  and  frame 
such  just  and  equal  laws,  ordinances,  acts,  constitutions,  and 
offices,  from  time  to  time,  as  shall  be  thought  most  meet  and 
convenient  for  the  general  good  of  the  colony.  Unto  which 
we  ['romise  all  due  submission  and  obedience.  In  witness 
whereof  |^^^<^  hereunder  subscribed  our  names  at  cape 
Cod,  the-I^pmf  November,  in  the  year  of  the  reign  of  our 
wvereign  Cord,  King  James,  of  England,  France  and  Ire-  ' 


APPENDIX. 


397 


Tlie  day  answering  to  the  Elevenih  iff  DeoMiktr, 
ii  celebrated  as  the  day  of  the  landing  of  the  Pil- 
grims;* but  on  that  day,  a  place  was  discorered, 
and  fixed  upon  for  their  settlement.  Parties  before 
had  landed  and  made  some  discoveries. 

The  same  day  that  the  memorable  instrument  was 
signed,  a  party  left  the  ship,  and  landed  to  explore 
the  country,  and  get  wood,  but  returned  without 
roakinff  any  particular  discovery.  But  a  few  days 
after,  (November  fifteenth)  sixteen  men,  under  Cap- 
tain Myles  Standish,  were  permittedi|^  go  in  search 

land,  the  XVIIJ,  and  of  Scotland  the  LIV.    Anno  Domini, 
ie20.»» 


1  Mr.  John  Carver,*   . 

5  William  Bradford,* 
8  Mr.  Edward  Winslow,* 
if  Mr.  Wm.  Brewster,* 
ft  Mr.  Ifaac  Allertoh,* 

6  Capt.  Miles  Standish,* 
*  John  Alden, 

8  Mr.  Samuel  Fuller,! 

9  Mr.  Christopher  Martin*§4 
la  Mr.  Wm.  Mallin8,*§ 
11  Mr.  Wm.  White,*§ 

13  Mr.  Richard  Warren, f 
18^  John  Howland,  (m  Car- 

verU  famUu^ 

14  Mr.  StephenHopkins,* 

15  Edward  Tilly,*§ 

16  John  Tilly,*§ 

17  Francis  Cfookjt 

18  Thomas  Roger8,§ 

19  Thomas  Tinker,*! 
90  John  Ridgdale,*§  5^^^-  i 
81  Edward  Fuller,«§ 
33  John  Turner,§ 

The  above  names  having  tKis  mark  *  at  the  end  br<ni|^ 
their  wives  with  them.  Those  with  this  t  did  not.  TImse 
with  this  &  died  before  the  end  of  March.  The  fibres  at 
the  end  of  the  names  denote  the  number  in  each  family. 

*  Tb  reduce  old  style  to  new,  eleven  days  are  addedl ;  thav^* 
gre>  the  33  December  is  celebrated  as  the  liu|dia«  «f  tlM 


N*. 

38  Francis  Eaton,* 

34  James  Chilton,*§ 

35  John  Crackston,§ 

36  John  Billington,* 

37  Moses  Fletcher,^ 

38  John  Ooodinan,§ 

39  Degory  Priest,§ 

30  Thomas  Williams,! 

31  Gilbert  Winslow, 

33  Edmund  Marge8on,$ 

88  Peter  Brown, 

34  Richard  Britterige,§ 

35  George  Soule,  (o/  Mr. 

VnMlWf't/emubf. 

86  Richard  Glark,§ 

87  Richard  Gardiner, 
38  John  Allerton,§ 

89  Thomas  English, 

40  Edward  Dorey, 

41  Edward  Leister, 
{both  of  Mr.  HopkmifamOif,) 


101 


8 
t 

4 

1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
I 
1 


230 


APPBMOIX. 


of  a  convenient  place  for  settlement.  They  saw  five 
Indians  whom  they  followed  all  day,  but  could  not 
overtake  them.  The  next  day  they  discovered  seve- 
ral Indian  graves ;  one  of  which  they  opened,  and 
found  some  rude  implements  of  war;  a  mortar,  and 
an  earthen  pot ;  all  which  they  took  care  to  re- 
place ;  being  unwilling  to  disturb  the  sepulchres  of 
the  dead.  They  found  under  <a  small  mound  of  earth, 
ft  cellar  curiously  lined  with  bark,  in  which  was 
stored  a  quaj^y  of  Indian  com.^  Of  this  they 
took  as  mu^Hpi  they  could  carry,  and  returned  to 
the  shipt 

.Boon  after,  twentyfour  others  made  the  like  ex- 
cursion, and  obtained  a  considerable  quantity  of  corn, 
which)  with  that  obtained  before,  was  about  ten 
bushels.f  Borne  beans  were  also  found.|  This 
discovery  gave  theih  great  en(fouragement,  and  per- 
haps prevented  their  further  removal;  it  also  saved 
them  from  famine. 

After  considerable  ^discussion,  concerning  a  place 
for  settlement,  in  which  some  were  for  going  to  Aga- 
wam,^  and  some  not  so  far,  it  was  concluded  to  send 
out  a  shallop,  to  make  further  discovery  in  the  bay. 
Accordingly,  Governour  Carver,  with  eighteen  or 
twenty  men,  set  out  on  the  sixth  of  December,  to  ex- 
plore the  deep  bay  of  Cape  Cod.  The  weather  was 
very  cold,  and  the  fipray  of  the  sea  lighting  on  them, 
they  were  soon  covered  with  ice,  as  it  Were,  like 
coats  of  mail.  At  night  having  got  to  the  bottom 
of  the  bay,  they  discovered  ten  or  twelve  Indians, 
about  a  league  off,  cutting  up  a  grampus ;  who,  on 

««>0f  divers  colours  which  seemed  to  them  a  very  goodly 
mght,  having  seen  none  before.'^    Morton,  18. 

t  Holmes*  Annals,  I,  201. 

t  This  was  not  hardly  right,  perhaps,  but  Morton,  N.  E. 
Memoral,  19,  sa^rs,  that  in  **  About  six  months  alter  they 
givethem  full  satirfaction  to  their  content." 

§  IpsWich  is  supposed  to  have  been  meant,  u  it  was  known 
\ff  thtt  name  in  a  former  voyage.  ., ,  ^ , :.  ,, ;  ^-.^^^ 


9aw  five 
tuld  not 
>d  seve- 
}d,  and 
tar,  and 
e  to  re- 
hres  of 
»f  earth, 
oh  was 
is  they 
rned  to 

like  ex- 
of  corn, 
[>ut  ten 
:  This 
nd  per- 
>  saved 


APPENDIX. 


300 


I'  (>lace 
to  Aga- 
to  send 
le  bay. 
;een  or 
toex- 
ler  was 
fi  them, 
e,  like 
bottom 
ndians, 
^ho,  on 

goodly 


;er  they 
ikiHVwa 


discovering  the  English,  ran  away  with  what  of  the 
fish  they  had  cut  off.  With  some  difficulty  from 
shoals,'  they  landed,  and  erected  a  hut,  and  passed 
the  first  night.  In  the  morning  they  divided  their 
company,  some  went  by  land,  and  others  in  the  ves- 
sel, to  make  further  discovery  of  the  bay,  to  which 
they'ffave  the  name  of  Grampus,  because  that  fish 
was  found  there.  Thev  ipet  again  at  night,  and 
some  lodged  on  board  the  shallpp,  and  the  rest  as 
before.^*  J|^ 

The  next  morning,  December  th^lPghth,  as  they 
were  about  to  embark,  they  were  furiously  i>eset  by 
Indians.  Some  of  the  company  having  carried  their 
guns  down  tp  the  boat,  the  others  discharged  upon 
them,  as  fast  as  they  could ;  but  the  Indians  shouted, 
and  rushed  on,  until  those  had  regained  their  arms^ 
and  then  they  were  put  to  flight.  One,  however 
more  courageous  than  the  rest,  took  a  position  be 
hind  a  tree,  and  withstood  several  volleys  of  shot: 
discharging  arrows  himself  at  the  same  time.  A 
length  a  shot  glancing  upon  the  side  of  the  tree^ 
hurled  the  bark  so  about  his  head  that  he  thought  it 
time  to  escape.  Eighteen  arrows  were  picked  up 
by  the  English,  after  the  battle,  which  they  sent  to 
their  friends  in  England,  as  curiosities.  Some  were 
headed  with  brass,  and  others  with  horn  and  bone. 
The  place  where  this  happened,  was  on  this  account, 
called  the  First  Encounter,-\ 

The  company,  after  leaving  this  place,  narrowly 
escaped  being  cast  away ;  but  they  got  safe  on  an 
uninhabited  island,!   where  they  passed  the  night. 

*  Morton  and  Belknap. 

t  Morton,  33.  It  was  before  called  Namskeket.  lb.  nV 
Dr.  Belknap,  Biog.  11,  302,  says,  "A  creek  which  now 
bears  the  name  of  Skakit,  lies  between  Eartbem  and  Har 
wich ;  distant  about  3  or  4  miles  westward  from  Natuet;  the 
seat  of  a  tribe  of  Indians,  who  (as  they  afterwards  learned) 
made  tlus  attack." 

I  This  they  called  "Clark's  Island,  because  Mr.  Clark,  this 
miuiter'S  macfee,  first  stepped  ashore  thereon.**    Morton,  34.  ' 


^i 


800 


APPENDIX. 


Hm  next  day,  December  tne  ninth,  they  dried  their 
clothet,  and  repaired  their  vessel,  which  had  lost  her 
mast,  and  met  with  other  damage.  The  next  day 
they  rested,  it  being  Sunday.  The  day  following, 
they  found,  a  place,  which  they  judged  fit  for  settle* 
ment ;  and,  after  going  on  shore,*  and  discovering 
good  water,  and  wnere  there  had  been  cornfields,  re- 
tcmed  to  the  ship.  This  was  on  the  Elevenik  t^ 
December,  1620,  and  is  the  day  celebrated  as  the 
.  Forefathers*  Day.  z 

On  the  fifteenth^  the  ship  came  into  the  ne|r  har- 
bour. The  two  following  days,  the  people  wint  on 
shore,  but  returned  at  night  to  the  ship.  • 

On  the  twentythird,  timber  was  begun  to  be  pre- 
pared for  building  a  common  store  house.f  The 
next  day,  the  cry  of  Indians  was  heard,  but  none  ap- 
peared. On  the  twentyfifth,  the  first  house  was  be- 
eun.  A  fort  was  built  on  the  hill,  soon  after,  (where 
uie  burying  ground  now  is)  which  commanded  the 
town  and  harbour ;  and,  they  were  diligently  em* 
ployed,  until  a  town  wa&  laid  out ;  to  which  they 
gave  the  name  Plymouth,  on  account  of  the  kind  treat- 
ment they  received, from  the  people  of  Plymouth  in 

*  A  large  rock  near  the  water,  said  to  be  the  place  where 
they  first  stepped  ashore,  is  shown  with  a  degree  of  veneration 
by  the  inhabitantsof  Plymouth.  It  is  a  granite  of  a  redish  east, 
and  has  long  since  beeri  nearly  levelkd  with  the  surface  of 
the  ground.  A  lar^e  fragment  has  been  placed  near  the 
head  of  the  main  street,  where  it  is  made  a  rendezvous  for 
bojTS  in  pleasant  evenings.  This,  as  well  as  the  part  fVom 
which  it  was  taken,  suffers  occasionally  under  the  force  of  a 
doll  axe,  to  add  to  the  entertainment  of  the  story  of  the  trav- 
eller. 

In  the  engraving  of"  The  Landing  of  the  Pilgrims  at  Pl]^- 
mouth,"  accompanying  this  edition,  the  celebrated  &oqK  is 
intended  to  be  represented. 

t  Their  provisions  and  goods  were  held  in  eommon  by  the 
company,  at  first,  but  it  was  soon  found  by  the  wise  leaders^ 
that  this  method  was  not  practicable,  and  it  was  soon  drop* 
ped.   Perhaps  the  chief  mover  of  this  wise  measare  wm  Gov 
Bradford^  as  it  was  ado{^^  ^  ip  |ii|t,i^inistr%tion.    S9»  Bel 
knap,  Biog.  II,  333, 9.    ' '^  ^;  i ; 


.9^:^\ 


APPENDIX. 


901 


lOCK  18 


Baglaiid,  and  that  being  the  place  in  their  native 
country  from  which  they  last  sailed.* 
'  In  January,  1621,  their  store  house  took  fire,  aMd 
was  nearly  consumed.  Most  of  the  people  now  irere 
sick,  and  Oovemour  Carfer  and  Mr.  Bradford  weie 
confined  in  the  store  house,  when  it  took  fire.  In 
March,  an  Indian  came  boldly  into  the  town,  and 
saluted  them  with  these  words,  "Welcome  Engilish- 
men !  Welcome  Englishmen  !*^  This  was  uttered  hi 
broken  JSnglish,  but  was  clearly  understood:  Hii 
namejMis  »Em[io8et,  and  he  came  firom  the  eastward, 
wher^e  had  been  acquainted  with  i^ome  fishermen, 
and  had  learned  some  of  their  language.  They 
treated  him  with  kindness,  and  he  informed  them,- 
that  the  great  Sachem,  Ma8sassoit,f  was  coming  to 
visit  them ;  and^  told  them  of  one  Squanto,  that  was 
well  acquainted  with  the  English  language.  He  left 
them,  and  soon  after  returned,  in  company  with  Mas- 
sassoit,  and  Squanto.{  This  Indian  continued  with 
the  English  as  long  as  he  lived,  and  was  of  infinite 
service  to  them.  He  showed  them  how  to  cultifvatid 
com,  and  other  American  productions. 

About  this  time,  (beginning  of  ApriH  Crovemovr 
Carver  died.  Soon  after,  Mr.  William  Bradford  waa 
chosen.  The  mortality  that  began  soon  after  their 
arrival,  had  before  the  end  of  March,  oarrii^d  off*  for-, 
tyfour  of  their  number. 

Such  was  the  beginning  of  Newenoland,  which 
is  noW^'alone,  a  formidable  nation.  At  the  death  of 
ti^e  first  Governour,  it  contained  FiftyMven  Europe^ 

I M  ■   -    -rir-'M-    ■       I  ■    I       I        I   ■       ..I.  Ill  1 -  L  _ii.j       I       ij  r-"  -  -   I 

*  It  is  remarkable  that  Captain  Smith  had  called  this  place 
Tlymouth  in  his  map  of  Newengland.  Dr.  Belknap  says, 
that  it  was  partl]^  on  this  accoant  that  it  was  now  so  called. 

t  For  the  particulars  of  Massassoit*8  visit  to  the  Pilgrims. 
see  page  133,  and  note  1. 

I  lie  was  one  of  those  carried  off  by  Hunt,  (see  fiage  38a>, 
and  sot  from  Malaga  to  England  }  and  was  entertained  hjf^, 
gentleman  in  Lon<ron,  who  emplcnred  him  to  Newfoundland* 
and  (Biher  parts.  Ke  was  at  last  broarikt  into  these  parts  by 
Mr.  Thoaas  Denner.    HovtoB,  f7,  mL  y^hm^ 

26 


903 


APPENDIX. 


an  inhabitanti,  and  at  the  end  of  two  hundi*ttd  yeal^, 
it  contained  upwards  of  one  million  h\x  hundred 
thouiand. 

Ab  it  was  my  design,  only  to  accompany  the  Pil- 
.  grims  until  they  were  seated  in  the  wilderness,  I 
•hall  now  dismiss  the  engaging  subject,  with  a  short 
reflection. 

Perhaps  the  annals  of  the  world  do  not  furnish  a 
parallel  to  the  first  peopling  of  Newengland;  as  it 
respects  purity  of  intention,  judgment  and  ^rtitude 
in  its  execution,  and  in  sustaining  for  a  series  of  yearn, 
a  government,  that  secured  the  happiness  of  an.  An 
object  of  admiration,  justly  increasing  on  every  suc- 
ceeding generation,  in  proportion  to  the  remoteness 
of  time.  Founded  on  the  genuineness  of  those  au- 
thorities, who,  without  the  least  shade  of  fiible,  have 
transmitted  to  us  their  true  history :  rendered  pecu- 
liarly interesting,  from  its  minuteness  of  detail,  even 
beyond  what  could  have  been  expected.  Insomuch, 
that  no  one  can  read,  without  the  deepest  interest  in 
their  situations  ;  and  seeming,  as  it  were,  to  live  over 
those  days  with  them,  and  to  gain  a  perfect  ac- 
quaintance with  a  Carver,  a  Bradford,  a  Winslow, 
and,  indeed,  the  whole  train  of  worthies. 

IV. HISTOBY'OP   the    PECtUOT   WAR. 

While  the  number  of  English  inhabitants  was 
small,  their  troubles  with  the  Indians  were  eaiAly  set- 
tled. But  as  is  natural  to  mankind,  as  they  increas- 
ed in  numbers  and  wealth,  they  were  too  prOud  to 
court  the  favour  of  the  natives.  And  notwithstand-, 
ing,  great  tribute  is  due  to  the  memory  of  our  venera- 
_bile  forefathers,  for  their  almost  unexampled  resolu- 
tion, perseverance,  and  above  all,  fortitude  and  wis- 
dom, yet  they  were  men,  and  accountable  only  as 
men. 

''There  was  a  nation  of  Indians  in  the  southern 
parts  of  Newengland,  called  Pequods  seated  on  a 


,1.:^tei:,„..' 


APPENDIX. 


909 


hundred 

thePil. 
imess,  I 
1  a  short 

umiflh  a 
id;  as  it 
fortitude 
jfyeans 
in.  An 
ery  sue- 
loteness 
lose  au- 
le,  have 
pecu- 
iii,  even 
iomuch, 
merest  in 
live  over 
feet  ac- 
/'inslow, 


nts  was 
lAly  set- 
increas- 
rOud  to 
thstand-. 
venera- 
resolu- 
Lod  wis- 
only  as 

outhern 
d  on  a 


Mf  navigable  river,*  twelve  miles  to  the  eastward 
of  the  mouth  of  the  great  and  famous  river  of 
Connecticut;  who  (as  was  commonly  reported 
about  the  time  when  Newengland  was  nrst  planted 
by  the  English)  being  a  more  fierce,  cruel,*  and  war- 
like people  than  the  rest  of  the  Indians,  came  down 
out  of  the  more  inland  parts  of  the  continent,  and  by 
force,  seized  upon  one  of  the  goodliest  places,  near 
the  sea,  and  became  a  terror  to  all  their  neighbours, 
on  whom  they  had  exercised  several  acts  of  inhuman 
cruelty ;  insomuch,  that  being  flushed  with  victories 
over  "their  fellow  Indians,  they  began  to  thirst  after 
the  blood  of  foreigners,  English  and  Dutch,f  that  ac- 
cidentally came  amongst  them,  in  a  way  of  trade  or 
upon  other  accounts. 

**  In  the  year  1634,  they  treacherously  and  cruel- 
ly murdered  Captain  Stone|  and  Captain  Norton,^ 
who  came  occasionally  with  a  bark  into  the  river  to 
trade  with  them.  Not  lonff  after  within  the  compass 
of  the  next  year,||  they  in  like  treacherous  manner, 
slow  one  Mr.  01dnam,ir  (formerly  belonging  to  New 
Plymouth,  but  at  that  time  an  inhabitant  of  Massa- 
chusetts) at  Block  islandj**  a  place  not  far  from  the 
mouth  of  their  harbour,  as  he  was  fairly  trading  with 

them.»tt 

*  Mystic  river. 

t  Some  of  the  Dutch  that  belonffccl  to  Manhattans,  now 
Newyork,  had  a  trading  house  on  Connecticut  river,  and  in 
some  difficulties  with  the  Indians  some  were  killed. 

X  Captain  Stone  was  from  St.  Christophers,  and  came^to 
trade  in  Connecticut  river  at  the  Dutch  house.  Hist.  Con. 
1,70. 

§  Norton  was  of  Massachusetts  and  killed  the  same  time, 
lb.  II  It  was  in  1636. 

IT  Some  difficulty  was  occasioned  with  Mr.  Olcfhani,  on  ac- 
count of  religious  matters,  and  he  was  banished  out  ot  Mas- 
sachfisetts,  but  was  afterward  permitted  to  return.  For  a 
valuable  memoir  of  him,  see  Mr.  Savage's  edition  of  Wio* 
throp*8  Hist.  I,  80. 

♦?  4bout  20  miles  9.  S.  W.  of  Newport,  R.  I^,     ^ 

.    ft  Hubbard's  Narrative. 


■  t^'-v.-ijir 


■',>, 


^i 


At>lP£NDIX. 


How  much  cause  the  Indians  had  for  these 
ges  we  cannot  tell ;  they  say,  that  captain  Ston J  sur* 
urised  some  ot  their  men,  and  forced  them  to  pkUi 
liim  up  the  river,  and  that  on  his  coming  ashore,  wi^ 
two  others,  was  killed  while  asleep.  The  English 
account  is-  as  follows.  Having  entered  the  river, 
Stone  hfred  some  Indians  to  pilot  two  of  his  men  up 
the  river,  who  at  night  went  on  shore  to  sleep, 
and  were  murdered  by  their  pilots.  About  a  dozen 
of  those  Indians,  who  had  been  trading  with  Captain 
Stone,  went  on  board  his  vessel,  and  murdered  him, 
as  he  lay  asleep  in  his  cabin,  and  threw  a  covering 
over  him.  The  men  were  murdered  as  they  appear- 
ed, one  after  another,  except  captain  Norton,  who  de- 
fended himself  in  the  cook's  room,  until  some  pow- 
der that  he  had  in  an  open  vessel  for  the  quick  load- 
ing of  his  gun,  took  fire,  and  so  burned  him  that  ho 
could  resist  no  longer. 

Mr.  John  Oldhain  was  murdered  at  Block  island 
by  some  of  them,  or  at  least  the  murderers  were  shel- 
tered by  them.  One  Gallery  in  his  passage  from 
Connecticut,  discovered  Mr  OI(2ham*s  vessel,  and  on 
coming  near,  found  the  deck  to  be  covered  with  In- 
dians. Gallop  now  suspected  that  they  had  killed 
Mr.  Oldham.  He  hailed  them,  and  they  gave  no 
answer,  but  made  off  as  fast  as  they  could ;  he  made 
for  them,  and  was  soon  up  with  them ;  fired  among 
them,  and  drove  all  from  the  deck.  His  crew  being 
small,  would  not  venture  to  board,  and  so  stood  o^ 
and  took  the  force  of  the  winH  and  ran  dowr  t f.»;'i 
them,  and  nearly  overset  their  vessel.  Six  '  •'  ,•  '^un 
were  so  frightened,  that  they  leaped  overboard  and 
wer^  drowned.  He  again  stood  off,  and  so  lashed 
his  anthf>r,  that  when  he  came  down  upon  them 
again,  it  i.  Tcd  through  the  bows  of  the  Indians'  vea%^ 
•el,  and  fo^!?  «r  fivQ  more  jumped  overboard  and  were 
lost.  Ttie  veisels  now  stuck  fast  together,  and  they 
fought  side  by  side,  untH  they  drove  all  below  again  ; 
and  then  Gidlop  boarded  them,  and  as  they  ventur* 


APPENDIX 


305 


ed  up,  were  taken  and  bound.  He  not  havfhg  placefl 
convenient  to  keep  them  all,  threw  one  into  the  loa. 
They  found  the  body  of  Mr.  >  ^Idham,  covered  over 
with  a  lail,  with  his  head  cleft  to  the  brains.  In 
this  action,  Gallop  had  with  him  but  one  man,  and 
two  boys.  Qn  board  of  Mr.  Oldham's  vessel  were 
fourteen  Indians;  two  or  three  of  whom  ^ot  in  a  hole 
below,  rnui  rould  not  be  drove  from  it.  Captain 
Gal*' p  ^*.<.  utened  the  vessel  to  his,  in  order  to 
tf.kt  hfif  in,  but  in  a  gale  she  was  broken  off  and 
tost. 

The  same  year,  1636,  the  government  of  Massa- 
cliusett<i  sent  Captain  Endicott  with  ninety  man  to 
avenge  these  murders,  in  case  the  murderers  were 
not  delivered  up,  and  restitution  made  for  the  losses 
sustained.  The  Narragansets,  who  had  some  hand 
in  the  murder,  now  submitted  to  the  terms  offered 
by  the  English.  Captain  Endicott  proceeded  to 
Block  island,  having  with  him  Captain  John  Under- 
bill, and  Captain  Nathaniel  Turner.  At  their  arrival 
they  were  met  by  about  forty  Indians,  who  all  fled 
into  thickets,  where  they  could  not  be  found.  They 
burned  sixty  wigwams,  and  de^stroyed  about  two  hun- 
dred acres  of  corn,  and  all  their  canoes,  then  sailed 
fQr  the  Pequot  country.  On  their  arrival  in  Pequot 
harbour,*  several  hundreds  collected  on  the  shore, 
but  on  learning  the  business  of  the  English,  fled  into 
the  woods.  The  men  were  landed  on  both  sides  of 
the  river,  and  the  Indians  fired  some  arrows  at  them 
^"om  behind  the  rocks  and  bushes.  One  or  two  of 
the  enemy  were  killed,  but  no  object  was  effected, 
and  the  troops  returned  to  Boston. 

Captain  Underbill  and  twenty  men  were  to  pro- 
ceed from  thence  to  Saybrook  fort,  and  strength- 
en it .  But  being  wind  bound,  they  went  on  shore  to 
take  some  Indimi  corn,  and  were  surprised  by  a  large 

I     Mi  _  _      ■  _l  I         II  -  " """' ' 

*  At  the  mouth  of  Pequot  river,  now  called  the  river. 
Tbamei, 


'^'  'i^ji'^f^a^i  26* 


: '.i?*'- 


906 


Affvofmx. 


body  of  the  enemy,  who  fought  them  inoet  of  the 
afternoon.  They,  however,  put  the  Indians  to  flight, 
and  embarked  on  board  their  vessel.  One  man  only 
was  wounded,  but  they  concluded  that  a  number  of 
the  enemy  were  killed.  - 

As  nothing  now  was  expected  but  war,  the  Eng- 
lish took  measures  to  secure  the  friendship  of  the 
Narragansets,  which  they  effected.  They  had,  much 
to  fear,  in  case  they  should  join  with  the  Pequots, 
being  very  numerous,  their  warriours  being  estimat- 
ed at  five  thousand.  .  *^*  .r,> 
Endicott*s  ill  success  rather  emboldened  them  than 
otherwise,  rnd  in  the  next  April,  1637,  six  men  wore 
killed  near  Weathersfield,  and  several  women  were 
captivated.  In  all  thirty  had  been  killed  since  the 
first  clisturbanoes  took  place. 

^ '^  Vigorous  measures  were  now  resolved  upon  by  the 
people  of  Connecticut,  who  raised  ninety  men;  and 

^holtly  after,  the  other  colonies  united  in  the  com- 
mon cause.*  The  Connecticut  troops,  under  Cap- 
tain John  Mason,  on  the  tenth  of  May,  accompanied 
by  about  seventy  Mohegan  Indians,  under  Uncas 
their  Sachem,  embarked  down  the  river  for  Saybrook 
fort ;  where,  after  making  proper  arrangements,  they 

,, ,  •The  Massachusetts  forces  were  on  their  iiarch  to  join 
those  of  Connecticut,  "  when  they  Were  retarded  by  th«  most 
singular  cause  that  ever  influenced  the  operations  of  a  mili- 
tary force.  When  they  were  mustered  previous  to  their  de- 
parture, it  was  found  that  some  of  the  officers,  as  well  as- 
the  private  soldiers,  were  still  under  a  covenant  of  works ; 
and  that  the  blessing  of  God  could  not  be  implored  or  expect- 
ed to  crown  the  arms  of  such  unhallowed  men  with  success.. 
The  alarm  was  general  and  many  arrangements  necessary 
in  order  to  cast  out  the  unclean,  and  to  render  this  little  band* 
sufficiently  pure  to  fight  the  battles  of  a  people  who  enter- 
tained hign  ideas  of  their  own  sanctity."  Robertson's  Hist. 
America,  II,  Book  X.  Thus  while  the  Boston  men  were  at 
war  with  the  spirits  of  darkness,  as  they  imagined,  the  Con- 
neetiout  men  under  Mason  were  left  alone  to  fight  the  mort^: 
danjerous  Pequots,  m  wiU  pretoii|]ir  be  Aeea» 
•ConaMking  of  aOO.  u^      .^.  ^ 


■ahi€i 


M"'- 


;i 


APPENDIX. 


907 


tpf  the 

0  flight, 
lanonly 
abcr  of 

le  £ng- 
» of  the 
d,  much 
^equots, 
istimat- 

im  than 
sn  wor*^ 
in  were 
nee  the 

1  by  the 
n;  and 
e  com- 
3r  Cap- 
ipanied 

Uncas 
ybrook 
ts,  they 

to  join 
th«most 

o  *  I  * 

a  miii- 
heir  de- 
well  as. 
works ; 
expect- 
sticcessi.. 
8cessary 
e  band* 
►  enter- 
li's  Hist, 
were  at 
be  Con- 
ic moKv 


marched  to  Narraganset  bay.  Here  they  engaged 
a  large  body  of  the  Narragansets,  as  auxiliaries,  and 
then  fM'oceeded  to  Nihantic,*  where  they  arrived, 
May  tweiityfourth. 

'  i'The  next  morning  they  were  joined  by  another  bcldy 
of  the  Narragansets,  which  made  their  Indian  force 
amount  to  near  five  hundred  men.  After  marchiag 
twelve  miles,  to  Pawcatuck  river,  Captain  Mason 
halted  to  refresh  his  men.  The  weather  was  ex- 
tremely iiot,  and  the  men  suffered  very  much.  His 
Narraganset  men  now  learning  that  they  were  going 
to  attack  the  Pequot's  chief  fort,  were  greatly  amaz- 
ed, and  the  most  of  them  returned  home.  One  We- 
quash,  a  deserter  from  the  Pequots,  now  piloted  the 
«rmy  to  a  fort  at  Mystic.  At  night  they  encamped 
by  two  large  rocks,f  and  two  hours  before  day,  made 
ready  to  attack  the  fort.  They  yet  had  two  miles  to 
march,  which  took  them  until  near  the  dawn  of  day 
The  fort  was  on  the  top  of  a  hill,  and  no  time  muBtli|^ 
lost  in  making  the  attafik.  Their  friend  Indians  now 
chiefly  deserted  them,  and  they  divided  themselves  . 
into  two  divisions,  for  the  benefit  of  attacking  thetn 
in  two  particular  points.  The  party  under  Mason 
pressed  on  to  the  east  side,  while  that  under  Cap- 
tain Underbill  gained  the  west.  As  Mason  ap- 
proached the  palisades,  a  dog  gave  the  alami,  and 
an  Indian  cried  out  "  Owanux  I  Owanux  /"  that  is, 
"  Englishmen  !  Englishmen  !"  Being  now  discover- 
•ed,  they  instantly  discharged  through  the  paUsi|des, 
and  then  rushed  into  the  fort  sword  in  hand.  Here 
the  battle  was  severe,  and  for  some  time  doubtlbl. 
As  the  moment  grew  more  critical.  Mason  thought 
cf  the  last  expedient,  and  cried  out,  "We  must  bum 
them  !  We  must  burn  them !"  and  taking  a  brand  of 
fiye,  oommunicated  it  to  the  mats,  with  which  the 
wigwams  were  covered,  they  were  all  in  a  blaze  in  « 


TT^ 


11  J      1 1      1 1 II  t.  I  I 


.  l.tfli  »> 


•  In  Lyme. 

t  "Between  two  large  rocks  in  Groton,  since  called  Porter** 
rocks."    Trumbull,  I,  8S-  /,,.,. 


808 


APPENDIX. 


moment.  The  English  then  formed  a  ci re. e  about 
the  fort,  and  all  that  ventured  out  to  escape  the 
flames,  'were  immediately  shot  down.  Dreadful  now 
was  the  work  of  death.  Some  perishing  in  the 
flames,  others  climbing  over  the  palisades,  were  no 
sooner  up  than  shot  down.  Uncas,  in  the  mean 
time,  had  come  up  and  formed  a  circle  in  the  rear, 
and  in  a  little  more  than  an  hour,  the  work  was  com- 
pete. Six  or  seven  hundred  Indians  were  slain, 
and  but  two  of  the  English,  and  sixteen  wounded.    ^ 

The  army  now  began  the  retreat,  and  a  body  of 
the  enemy  were  soon  seen  in  pursuit ;  but  a  few  shot 
kept  them  at  a  distance.  This  body  of  the  enemy 
had  not  been  in  the  battle,  and  on  arriving  at  the 
fort,  and  beholding  the  dismal  spectacle,  beat  the 
ground  with  rage,  and  tore  their  hair  in  despair.       ^ 

The  English  arrived  at  their  homes  in  about  three 
'weeks  from  the  time  they  set  out,  and  the  people 
vere  greatly  rejoiced  at  their  success.  ^i^i^* 

Sassacus,  the  chief  of  the  Pequots,  and  most  of 
his  people,  now  fled  and  left  their  country.  But 
after  some  time,  it  was  discovered,  that  a  great  body 
of  them  were  in  a  swajnp  to  the  westward.  Troops, 
therefore,  were  sent  from  Massachusetts,  who  joined 
others  from  Connecticut,  and  they  immediately 
marched  under  the  command  of  the  valiant  Mason, 
in  pursuit  of  them.  On  the  thirteenth  of  July  they 
arrived  at  the  fatal  swamp.  Some  of  the  English 
rushed  in,  but  were  badly  wounded,  and  rescued  with 
difficulty.  At  length  they  surrounded  the  swamp, 
and  the  fight  continued  through  the  most  of  the 
night.  By  the  help  of  a  thick  fog,  many  of  the  war- 
riours  escaped.  About  twenty  were  killed,  and  one 
hundred  and  eighty  captivated,  who  were  divided 
among  the  Narragansets  and  Mohegans.  Sassacus, 
with  a  few  of  his  chief  men,  fled  to  the  Mohawks, 
who,  at  the  request  of  the  Narragansets,  cut  ofl"  his 


-«*'i1«^t*'ife^l*,''>  f«'4ti2  ,m: 


...::-S„.j\...>:, 


i:i.^&^MM 


"jl^aiMiiiL- 


APPENDIX. 


^: 


doo 


.?r^f 


h<eiMl ;  and  th«i  terminated  the  Pequot  war.^  No- 
thing of  great  moment  occurred  until  the  time  of 
Philip. 

V. ^REMAINS  OF  PHILIP's  WAR. 

It  is  intended  here,  to  narrate  the  most  important 
circumstances  in  the  progress  of  that  war  at  the 
eastward,  in  Maine  and  Newhampshire. 

It  was  generally  thought,  that  Philip  had  excited 
all  of  the  Indians  throughout  Newengland,  to  rise 
with  him  in  the  war.  While  this  has  been  doubted 
by  some,  others  think  it  probable,  that  his  endeavours 
were  used  even  among  tne  distant  tribes  of  Virginia.f 
However  this  might  have  been,  it  is  certain,  that  with- 
in twenty  days  from  the  time  the  war  began  in  Swan- 
zey,  it  began  to  blaze  at  the  distance  of  two  hundred 
miles,  even  at  the  northeasterly  extremity  of  New- 
englaiid.    But  the  war  at  the  eastward  is  said  to  have  ' 

frown  out  of  the  foolish  conduct  of  some  of  the  in- 
abitants.  An  insult  was  offered  to  the  wife  cf 
Squando,  a  chief  Sachem  on  the  river  Saco.  S<Mne 
irregular  sailors,  having  heard  that  young  Indians 
could  swim  naturally,  like  those  of  the  brute  creation, 
met  the  wife  of  Squando  with  an  infant  child  in  a 
canoe,  and  to  ascertain  the  fact,  overset  it.  The 
child  sunk  to  the  bottom,  but  the  mother  diving  down, 
immediately  brought  it  up  without  apparent  injury. 
However,  it  fell  out,  that  the  child  died  shortly  after, 
and  its  death  uas  in^puted  to  the.treatment  it  had  re- 
ceived from  the  sailors.  This  so  enraged  the  chief, 
that  he  only  waited  a  fit  time  to  commence  hostili- 
ties. Other  causes  of  the  war  were  not  wanting  all 
along  the  eastern  frontier.     A  letter  was  received  at 

*  It  was  the  reflection  upon  the  fate  of  this  once  famous  na- 
tion, that  gave  rise  to  those  beautiful  and  sympathetick  lines 
in  Dwigkt's  Greenfield  hill.  Part  the  ^Mutb,  whieh  tee  ia. 
note  %  to  page  146  of  Philip's  war.    ^  nt^   n«*»«U  ^t^  ^?s#*#| 

*■■  t  See  Habbard,  Nar.  S6t.    -n--,n1^^r>mn>-^f.  i><'=<-'  ..h-'^if!*? 


Viiv.f'. 


.v'i*"'^  >  .»^\:'i.-  J^\l 


SIO 


APPENDIX. 


Kenncbeck,  from  York,  the  eleventh  July,  16t&,  ffiv« 
ing  account  of  the  war  at  the  westward,  tod  Siat 
means  were  using  to  disarm  the  natives  along  the 
shore.  Had  the  Indians  entertained  no  ideas  of  war 
before,  they  certainly  would  be  justified  in  making 
war  upon  any  that  were  about  to  deprive  them  of  the 
means  of  self  defence.  How  much  have  the"  Spar- 
tans, under  Leonidas  been  celebrated  for  their  answer 
to  Xerxes,  when  he  endeavoured  to  persuade  them 
to  give  up  their  arms.  But  the  English  were  not  so 
generous  as  the  Persian  monarch,  for  he  promised 
the  Spartans  a  far  better  country  than  theirs,  if  they 
would  comply.  To  which  they  replied,  that  no 
country  was  worth  having  unless  won  by  valour ;  and, 
as  to  their  arms,  they  should  want  them  in  any  coun- 
try. Perhaps  the  despised  Indians  deserve  as  much 
honour,  in  some  instances,  as  the  defenders  of  Ther- 
mopylffi. 

In  an  attempt  to  force  the  Indians  to  deliver  up 
their  arms  at  Kennebeck,  one  belonging  to  the  Eng- 
lish came  near  beine  killed.  This  caused  consider- 
,able  tumult,  but  at  length  was  settled,  by  promises 
and  hostages  on  the  part  of  the  Indians.  Tut  through 
the  supineness  of  their  Jteepers,  the  hostages,  found 
means  to  escape  ;  and,  meeting  with  some  of  their 
fellows,  proceeded  to  Pejepscot,  where  they  plunder- 
ed the  house  of  one  Purchase,  an  early  planter,  and 
known  as  a  trader  among  them.  The  men  were  not 
at  home,  but  no  incivility  was  offered  to  the  women. 
This  was  in  September,  1675.  w  i*.  <  i ;  is 

About  twentyfive  of  the  English  marched  out  to 
take  revenge  for  what  had  been  done.  They  went 
up  Casco  bay,  and  landed  near  the  mouth  of  the  An- 
droscoggin, where  they  had  farms.  On  coming  near 
the  houses,  "  they  hoard  a  knocking,"  and  presently 
•aw  some  Indians ;  who  it  appears,  were  doing  no 
harm;  but  without  waiting  to  know,  the  English 
rushed  on  them,  and  some  were  killed.  The  Indians 
rallied,  and  wounded  many  of  them  before  they  could 


.;ii«).-.  ■'^.j  5^'(*!i,«iiis.-iiL.'.:. 


APVENDIX. 


311 


76,  mv- 
id  that 
>ng  the 

oJTwar 
making 
n  of  the 
6"  Spar- 

anawer 
le  them 
i  not  so 
romised 
,  if  they 
that  no 
ir ;  and, 
ly  coun- 
ts much 
fTher- 

liver  up 
ie  Eng- 
onsider- 
>romiscs 
through 
8.  found 
of.  their 
blunder- 
iter,  and 
vere  not 
women. 

d  out  to 
ley  went 
the  An- 
ing  near 
resently 
loing  no 
English 
Indians 
ey  could 


Smn  tiieir  veiesls.  Some  it  appeqri,  e^en  in  those 
ftys,  stood  a  little  for  the  rights  of  the  natives,  and 
ventured  to  question  the  virtue  of  this  action.  *'  But,** 
says  Mr.  Hubbard,  "if  this  happened  after  the  mur* 
der  of  old  Mr.  Wakely  and  family,  the  English  can 
be  blamed  for  nothing  but  their  negligence.*'*  But 
whether  it  was  or  not,  does  not  appear.f  The  de- 
struction of  this  family  was  horrid.  Six  persons, 
namely,  the  old  gentleman,  his  son,  and  daughter  in 
law,  who  was  far  advanced  in  pregnancy,  and  three 
prandchildreu  were  killed,  and  mangled  in  a  shock 
ing  manner.  Some  of  them,  when  found  the  next 
day,  were  partly  consumed  in  the  flames  of  their 
dwelling,  to  which  the  Indians  set  fire  when  they 
drew  off. 

At  Saco  they  met  with  a  severe  repujl^  in  an  en- 
deavour to  take  Major  Phillips'  garrison.}  Captain 
Benython  had  got  information  b^  a  friendly  Indian, 
that  something  was  intended  against  the  place,  so  he 
retired  into  uie  garrison  with  Phillips.  His  house 
had  not  been  deserted  above  an  hour,  when  he  saw 
it  in  flames.  The  savages  s6on  crossed  the  river,  and 
were  seen  skulking  by  the  fences  to  get  a  shot  at 
some  about  the  garrison.  Major  Phillips  went  into 
a  chamber  to  look  out  for,the  enemy,  and  was  wounds 
ed.  The  Indians  thought  they  had  killed  hii%  ^d 
openly  began  the  attack ;  but  their  Captain  jbeing 
immediately  shot  down,  they  drew  a  little  further, off. 
They  now  employed  a  stratagem  to  fire  the  garrison. 
They  took  the  large  wheels,  (used  for  lumbering,  at 
a  mill  near  by,  which  they  burne<|)  and  erect^  a 
battery  upon  the  axletree,  then  they  ran  it  back  by 
taking  hold  of  the  tongue  or  spear,  very  near  the 
garrison;  when  one  wheel  stuck  in  the  mud,  and  ,tN 

•  Narratire,  269. 

t  Sullivan,  Hist.  Maine,  199,  wn  it  was  in  July  1675,  and 
that  the  name  of  the  family  was  Wakefield.  '^ 


'I  X  On  Saturday,  18  September. 


'"tf  T~:^v  ■<.•  ^j.- 


,%>iitr    ,^uiJj&ii-,ik'^l- 


^'.-^■.''<' 


•<i3r 


313 


APPENDIX. 


other  rolling  on,  jrave  their  helm  an  oblique  directioB, 
and  thej  were  all  exposed  to  the  fire  of.the  Engliih. 
They  being  in  readiness,  fired  from  erery  part  of  the 
fortification  at  once,  killing  and  wounding  about  thirty. 
The  rest  gladly  gave  up  the  siege  and  fled.  They  next 
killed  seven  persons  at  Blue  point,  (Scarborough,) 
and  burned  twenty  houses.''^  About  the  same  time, 
five  persons  were  killed  by  the  same  Indians,  while 
goinff  up  Saco  river.  In  the  same  months  they  burned 
two  houses  at  Oyster  river,  belonging  to  two  families 
by  the  name  of  Chesly,  killed  two  men  passing  in  the 
river,  and  carried  two  captive.  One  Robinson  and 
son  were  shot  in  the  way  between  Exeter  and  Hamp- 
ton, about  this  time.  Within  a  few  days,  also,  the 
house  of  oi^  Tozer,  at  Newichwannock,  was  assault- 
ed, wherein  were  fifteen  women  and  children,  all  of 
whom  except  two,  were  saved  by  the  intrepidity  of  a 
girl  of  eighteen.  She  first  seeing  the  Indians,  shxu 
the  door  and  stood  against  it,  till  the  others  escaped 
to  the  next  hoase,  which  was  better  secured.  The 
Indians  chopped  the  door  to  pieces,  then  entering, 
knocked  her  down,  and  leaving  her  for  dead,  went  in 
pursuit  of  the  others ;  of  whom,  two  children,  who 
could  not  get  over  the  fence,  fell  into  their  hands. 
The  valiant  heroine  recovered  of  her  wounds.  The 
two  next  days,  they  showed  themselves  on  both  sides 
of  thre  river,  burned  two  houses  and  three  bams, 
containing  a  great  quantity  of  grain.  And,  at  03^5- 
ter  river,  they  burned  five  houses,  and  killed  two  men. 
The  people  were  now  determined  to  retaliate.  About 
twenty  young  men,  chiefly  of  Dover,  obtained  leave 
of  Major  Waldron,  then  commander  of  the  militia, 
to  hunt  the  enemy.  Having  divided  themselves  into 
small  parties,  ofle  of  these  came  upon  five  Indians 
in  the  woods,  near  a  deserted  house.  Two  of  them 
were  preparing  a  fire  to  roast  com,  while  the  other 
three  were  garnering  it.    They  were  at  a  loss  at  first 


warn 


•$iiIUvaB.il&' 


^f^-il  -■■$''i  - 


.^:  si,>«.dtA-: 


>.  .-!."iv;vkj>  ■.-j.siti 


1      ■<" 


APPENDIX 


313 


^R 


j^:)i;i^ 


liow  to  make  their  onset,  as  the  Indians  weire  tho 
most  numeroutw  But  at  length,  concladed  to  creep 
up  and  knock  the  two  on  the  head  at  the^fire,  without 
noise  to  alarm  the  others.  The  first  part  of  their 
plan  exactly  succeeded,  the  two  Indians  being  laid 
dead  with  the  buts  of  th^r  guns  j  but  the  others  heard 
the  blows  and  fled. 

People  in  general,  now  retired  to  garrison  houses, 
and  the  country  was  filled  with  consternation.  Octo^ 
ber  the  seventh,  Thursday,  a  man  was  shot  off  his 
horse,  as  he  was  riding  between  two  garrisons  at 
Newichwannock.  Not  far  from  the  same  place  two 
others  were  shot  dead  the  same  day.  About  the 
same  time,  an  old  gentleman,  by  the  name  of  Beard^ 
was  killed,  and  his  head  cut  off  and  set  upon  a  pole. 
This  Was  at  Oyster  river.  On  Saturday,  the  six^e 
teenth,  about  a  hundred  Indians  appeared  if.  Newioh^^ 
wannock,  (Berwick  now)  a  short  distance  from  the 
upper  garrison,  where  they  killed  one  Tozer,  and  cap* 
tured  his  son.  The  guns  alarmed  Lieutenant  Piais-^' 
ted  at  the  next  garrison,  who,  with  seven  men,  went 
out  on  a  discovery,  but  fell  into  an  ambush;  two  of 
three  were  killed,  and  the  others  escaped  to  the  gar- 
rison, where  ^ey  were  closely  besieged.  In  this 
perilous  situation.  Lieutenant  Plaisted  wrote  a  letter 
to  Major  Waldron  for  help,  but  he  was  not  able  to 
afibrd  any.  The  next  day  Plaisted  ventured  out  with 
twenty  men  to  bury  the  dead^  but  was  again  ambush^ 
ed,  and  his  men  deserted  him.  ,  He  disdaining  to  fly, 
was  killed  upon  the  spot,  with  his  eldest  son,  and  one  <? 
more.  His  other  son  died  of  his  wounds.  It  appears 
that  the  Indians  now  drew  off,  for  Captain  Frost  went 
up  from  Sturgeon  creek,  the  next  day,  and  buried  the„ 
dead.  The  enemy  next  appeared  at  Sturgeon  creek;,' 
about  the  latter  end  of  the  month,  and  attacked  Cap- 
tain  Frost's  house,  which  was  preserved  only  by.*  ' 
stratagem.  Frost  had  only  three  boys  with  him^  bu« 
by  giving  orderd  in  an  imperious  tone,  fi:>r  some  (oi 
march  here,  and  others  to  fire  there,  that  the  Indiana 

27 


/- 


SM 


APPENDIX. 


^y.r  1 


thought  he  had  a  great  many  men,  so  went  off  and 
left  him.  The  next  day  they  appeared  againit  Ports- 
mouth, on  the  Kittery  side,  where  they  killed  one 
man  and  burned  his  house.  Some  shot  from  a  can- 
non being  thrown  among  them  from  a  battery  on 
Portsmouth  side,  they  thouffht  best  to  disappear.  A 
party  of  English  pursued  them,  and  recovered  most 
of  their  plunder,  but  killed  none.  Soon  after  a 
house  and  two  or  three  bams  were  burned  atQuoche- 
co,  and  three  or  four  persons  killed  about  Exeter  and 
Lampreyeel  river. 

At  Casco  bay,  Lieutenant  Ingersol's  son,  with 
another  man,  were  killed,  while  out  hunting.  Many 
houses  were  also  burned.  At  Black  point,  Lieuten- 
ant Augur  with  his  brother  were  killed.  Captain 
Wincol  of  Newichwannock,  marched  this  way  for 
the  relief  of  his  friends,  with  about  fourteen  men. 
He  soon  had  a  skirmish  with  the  enemy,  and  lost  two 
or. three  of  his  men.  Soon  after,  as  they  were  march- 
ing along  on  the  sea  side,  they  were  beset  by  a  great 
body  of  Indians;  but,  chancing  to  get  behind  some 
timber,  from  whence  they  dealt  with  them  with  such 
effect,  that  they  soon  took  to  the  woods,  and  the 
English  escaped  in  a  canoe.  But  nine  men  from 
Saco,  having  heard  the  firing,  came  out  to  assist  their 
fellows,  and  fell  into  ah  ambush,  and  were  all  killed. 
Two  persons  were  killed  at  Wells  in  the  beginning 
of  winter.  At  the  same  place,  one  Cross  and  one 
Isaac  Cousins  were  also  killed  about  a  week  after. 

Depredations  were  suspended  on  account  of  the 
severity  of  winter.  But  before  the  suspension,  up- 
wards of  fifty  people  had  been  killed  and  taken.  In 
the  mean  time,  a  peace  was  concluded  through  the 
mediation  of  Major  Waldron,  which,  says  Mr.  Hub- 
bard, "  inight  have  remained  firm  enough  to  this  day, 
had  there  not  been  too  just  an  occasion  given  for  the 
breaking  of  the  same,  by  the  wicked  practice  of  some 
lewd  persons  which  opened  the  door,  and  made  way 
for  the  bringing  in  all  those  sad  calamities  and  mis- 


L',J<^^J1 


t,:j^^4^'*^^^^'i-- 


APPENDIX. 


315 


chiefi^  that  have  eince  fallen  upon  those  parts  of  the 
country."  n 

But  this  may  be  considered  as  the  eiid  of  Philip's' 
war  in  the  east,  although  from  other  causes  a  war 
continued  till  1678. 

Many  of  Philip's  Indians  mixed  with  those  at  the 
eastward  after  the  fall  of  that  chief,  in  hopes  of 
escaping  detection.  For  they  had  seen  even  those 
who  delivered  themselves  up,  executed,  therefore, 
they  were  apprised  of  their  fate.  Some  that  had 
killed  Thomas  Kimbal  of  Bradford,  and  carried  off 
his  family,  soon  after  restored  them  with  the  hopes  of 
pardon,  but  it  being  doubted  whether  this  was  a 
sufficient  atonement  for  the  whole,  they  (three  of 
them)  were  thrown  into  Dover  jail.  The  prisoners 
considering  this  only  as  a  prelude  to  their  future 
punishment,  broke  jail,  and  iled  toioin  the  Kenner 
beck  and  Androscoggin  Indians.  Through  their  inr' 
fluence  another  quarrel  was  begun. 

The  next  remarkable  occurrence  was  the  capture 
of  the  four  hundred  Indians  at  Quocheco.*  For 
other  particulars  the  reader  is  referred  to  Mather's 
Magnalia,  and  Belknap's  Newhampshire. 

VI.— ^HE   BOLD   EXPLOI'T   OF    HANNAH   DUSTAN. 

This  took  place  in  the  latter  part  of  Castine^a  War, 
or  as  others  term  it  "  King  WiUiam^a  Warf*  but  as 
it  is  evident  that  Castine  was  the  chief  mover  of  it, 
it  may  very  properly  be  called  Castme's  War. 
'^On  the  fifth  of  March,  1698,  the  Indians  made  a 
descent  on  Haverhill  in  Massachusetts,  in  which  tliey 
took  and  killed  thirtynine  persons,  and  burned  about 
a  half  a  dozen  houses.  In  the  onset,  the  house  of  a 
Mr.  Dustan  was  fallen  upon,  and  his  wife,  who  had 
lain  in  but  a  week  before,  and  her  nurse,  Mary  Neff, 
were  taken.    Mr.  Dustan  was  absent  when  the  In-. 

*  An  account  of  the  i^air  is  given  with  the  hiitoiy  of  Ma  \ 
jor  Waldroii  in  the  third  note  to  pag«  161,  ,  ,.  j 


iil-lw;  .:../>%;  ;i;.^k.:^iv,- 


«mmm>ti»a'm*- 


316 


APPENDIX. 


dians  lint  appeared  about  the  town,  and  on  hearing 
the  alarm,  ran  to  the  assistance  of  his  family.  Meet^ 
inif  seven  of  his  children  rear  his  house,  ordered 
them  to  run,  and  make  their  escape  to  some  gatrisoii 
in  the  town,  while  he  entered  the  house  with  intent 
to  help  his  wife  escape>  She  left  her  bed  at  the 
warning,  but  the  near  approach  of  the  Indians,  would 
admit  only  of  a  flying  retreat ;  this  Mr.  Dustan  saw 
was  impossible,  from  the  weak  state  of  his  wife.  A 
moment  of  horrour  and  despair  brooded  over  him ;  in 
which  he  had  to  choose  whether  he  would  stay  and 
suffer  with  her,  or  mak6  his  escape.  He  resolved  on 
the  latter,  knowing  that  he  could  be  no  assistance  tc^ 
her,  amidst  an  arm^  of  savages ;  and,  that  he  might 
be  to  his  children,  in  facilitating  their  escape.  Thfj 
Indiuis  were  now  upon  them,  but  he  having  a  horse, 
fled  before  them,  and  overtook  his  children,  about 
forty  rods  from  the  house ;  some  one  of  which,  he  in- 
tended to  have  taken  on  the  horse  with  him,  and  so 
escape.  But  now  he  was  at  a  loss,  for  w^?i<;h  one  to 
take,  he  knew  not ;  therefore,  he  resolvod  to  face 
about,  and  defend  them  to  the  last*  Some  of  the 
enemy  drew  near  and  fired  upon  them,  and  Mr.  Dus- 
tan being  armed,  also  fired  upon  the  Indiaps,  at 
which  they  gave  over  the  pursuit,  and' returried  to 
share  the  spoils  of  the  house.  Mr.  Dustan  and  his 
seven  children  (from  two  to  seventeen  years  of  age) 
got  safe  to  a  garrison,  one  or  two  miles  off,  wher^ 
we  must  leave  him  to  bewail  the  many  supposed 
deaths  of  his  wife  and  infant  child. . 
V  The  Indians,  beins  about  twenty  in  number,  in  the 
mean  time,  seized  the  nurse,  who  was  making  her 
escape  with  the  young  child,  and  taking  Mrs.  Dus- 
tan, with  what  plunder  could  be  found  from  the  house, 
set  it  on  fire,  and  took  up  their  march  for  Canada. 
'!rbe  infant  was  immediately  taken  from  the  nurse, 
and  a  monster  taking  it  by  the  feet,  dashed  out  its 
biains  against  a  tree.  Their  who)e  number  of  cap- 
tiYes  was  now  about  twelve,  which  gradually  dimin- 


age) 


AI^PANDIX. 


519 


Uhed  on  the  march.  Some,  growing  weary  and 
faint,  were  killed,  scalped,  and  otherwise  mangled, 
and  left  in  the  wilderness.  Notwithstanding  the 
weakness  of  Mrs.  Dustan,  she  travelled  twelve  miles 
the  first  day,  and  thus  bore  up  under  a  journev  of 
near  one  hundred  and  fifty  miles,  in  a  few  days. 
On  their  march  the  Indians  divided,  according  to  their 
usual  custom,  and  each  family  shifted  for  itself  with 
their  share  of  prisoners,  for  the  convenience  of  hunt- 
inff.  Mrs.  Dustan,  her  nurse  and  an  English  youth, 
taken  from  Worcester  eighteen  months  before,  fell 
to  the  lot  of  an  Indian  family,  consisting  of  twelve 
persons;  two  stout  men,  three  women,  and  seven 
children.  The  captives  were  informed,  that  when 
they  arrived  at  a  certain  Indian  town,  they  were  to 
run  the  sauntlet,  through  a  ^reat  number  of  Indians. 
But  on  the  thirtieth  or  April,  having  ^rived  at  the 
mouth  of  Conioocook  river,  they  encamped  upon  a 
small  inland,  and  pitched  their  tents.  As  all  lay 
asleep  but  Mrs.  Dustan,  she  conceived  the  bold  de- 
sign  of  putting  the  Indians  to  death,  and  escaping. 
Accordingly,  she  silently  engaged  Miss  Neflf,  and 
the  English  youth,  to  act  a  part  in  the  dreadful  tra- 
gedy ;  mfusing  her  heroism  into  them,  each  took  a 
tomahawk,  and  with  such  deadly  effect  were  the 
blows  dealt,  that  all  were  slain  save  two ;  one  a  wo- 
man, who  fled  desperately  wounded,  the  other  a  boy, 
whom  they  intended  to  have  kept.  They  then  took 
off  their  ten  scalps,  and  returned  home  in  safety^ 
The  government  voted  them  fifty  pounds,  reward, 
and  Colonel  Nicholson,  the  Governour  of  Maryland, 
made  them  a  valuable  present.  The  island  on  which 
this  memorable  affair  happened,  justly  bears  the 
name  of  Dustan's  island.^ 

*  For  the  principal  facts  in  this  narrative  I  am  indebted  to 
the  Magnalia. 

—  ^  27*     ^  .# 


"S*"' 


.■ii,^f»^mi^$f.i^<''^  ff  bs*r  -?-T*i(*^v#.?t^^'' 


;ri^r.\'!-'A;! 


318 


▲PPBMDIX. . 

VIL— HIOHIITBOTADA  DK8TR0TBD. 


*<  In  the  dead  of  winter,  three  expeditioni  were 
planned,  and  parties  of  French  and  Indians  despatch^ 
ed  from  Canada,  on  different  routes,  io  the  frontier! 
of  the  English  colonies.  One  of  these  parties,  on 
February  the  eighth,  1690,  fell  on  Schenectada,*  a 
village  on  the  Mohawk  river.  Such  was  the  fatal  se- 
curity of  the  people,  that  they  had  not  so  much  as 
shut  their  gates.  The  enemy  made  the  attack  in  the 
dead  time  of  the  night,  when  the  inhabitants  were 
in  a  profound  sleep.  Care  was  taken  by  a  division 
of  the  enemy  into  small  parties,  to  attack  every  house 
at  the  same  instant.  Before  the  people  were  risen 
from  their  beds,  the  enemy  were  in  possession  of 
their  dwellings,  and  commenced  the  most  inhuman 
barbarities.  In  an  instant  the  whole  village  was 
wrapped  in  a  general  flame.  Women  werq  ripped 
up,  and  their  infants  dashed  against  the  posts  of  their 
doors,  or  cast  into  the  (l&mcs.  Sixty  persons  perish- 
ed  in  the  massacre,  and  about  thirty  were  captivat- 
ed. The  r6st  fled  naked  in  a  terrible  storm  and  deep 
snow.  In  the  flight,  twentyfive  of  these  unhappy 
fugitives  lost  their  limbs,  through  the  severity  of  the 
season. 

The  enemy  consisted  of  about  two  hundred  French, 
and  a  number  of  Caghnuagaf  Indians,  under  the 
command  of  D' Aillebout,  De  Mantel,  and  Le  Moyn^. 
Their  first  design  was  against  Albany,  but  having 
been  two  and  twenty  days  on  their  march,  they  were 
reduced  to  such  straits,  that  they  had  thoughts  of 
surrendering  themselves  prisoners  of  war.     The  lu- 

*  About  14  miles  above  Albany,  on  the  west  side  of  the 
Moliawk.  The  country  around  is  a  sandy  b^rr^n,  qn  ^^ich 
account  it  was  called  Schenectada.    ~      J"  * '      j.  ;^  ,.^- , 

t  This  Caghnuaga  is  in  Canada.  There  is  another  on  the 
Mohawk  river,  6  miles  below  Johnston,  but  the  inhabi- 
tants here  spell  it  Caughnewaga. 


•  Isi-Af^'J^'J'^l  .- 


.*t4-^-i^^'aJi)Ll^^iXt>J^^.. 


APPSNDIX. 


Stt 


diant,  therefore,  advised  them  to  Scheiiectada :  and 
it  leeini  that  the  accountf ,  which  their  scouts  gave 
them  of  its  fatal  security,  was  the  only  circumstance 
which  determined  itiem  to  make  an  attempt,  even 
upon  this.  The  enemy  pillaged  the  town,  and  went 
on  with  the  plunder,  and  about  forty  of  the  best 
horses.  The  rest,  with  all  the  cattle  they  could  find, 
were  lefl  slaughtered  in  the  streets.  The  success  of 
the  enemy  seems  to  have  been  principally  owing  to 
the  dispute  between  Leisler^  and  the  people  of  Alba- 
ny, in  consequence  of  which  this  post  was  neglect* 
ed. 

--  The  Mohawks  joining  a  party  of  young  men  from 
Albany,  pursued  the  enemy,  and  falling  on  their  rear, 
killed  and  captivated  nearly  thirty."f 

VIII. — schutler's  expedition,  and  other  byents. 

^  The  success  of  the  French  and  Indians  against  the 
rentier  settlements  of  Newengland,  had  been  sreat, 
and  the  inactivity  of  the  people  to  repel  them,  had  just- 
ly been  an  object  of  blame  with  the  Sixnations;  for 
tneir  country  must  at  all  times  afford  a  pass  to  them. 
Steps,  therefore,  must  now  be  taken  to  retain  the 
confidence  of  those  people. 

Major  Peter  Schuyler,  the  Washington  of  his  day, 
lived  at  Albany,  where  with  incredible  industry  and 
perseverance,  he  made  himself  acquainted  with  all 
the  plans  and  undertakings  of  the  Sixnations,  and  as 
studiously  maintained  a  friendship  with  them,  which 
extended  to  all  Americans.  They  had  received  re- 
peated injuries  from  the  French  for  a  long  time,  and 
something  was  now  necessary  to  prove  to  them,  that 
the  English  were  not  afi'aid  to  meet  them  on  their 
own  ground .  Accordingly,  in  1 69 1 ,  Major  Schuyler, 
"with  about  three  hundred  men,  nearly  half  Mo- 

*  Afterwards  executed  for  aseuming  the  govenunent  of 
Newyork.     See  Smith's  Hist.  N.  Y.  131  to  19$. 

tTrumbull's  Hist.  U.  S.  I,  215  to  217.  •      i  i-,  .^mi  Vy. 


880 


APPBNpIjK. 


hawks  iind  Schakook^  Irfdidns,  jiaised  Lakd  Charif- 
plain,  and  made  a  bold  attack  on  the  French  settle- 
ments north  of  the  lake.  Meanwhile,  DeCallieres,  the 
Governour  of  Montreal,  spared  no  pains  to  give  him 
a  proper  reception.  He  crossed  the  river  with  twelve 
hundred  men,  and  encamped  at  La  Praire.  Schuy- 
ler attacked  and  put  to  flight  his  out  posts  and  In-> 
dians,  pursued  them  to  the  fort,  and  on  that  com- 
menced a  brisk  attack.  He  had  a  sharp  and  brave 
action  with  the  French  regulars,  and  afterward  forc- 
ing his  way  through  a  body  of  the  enemy,  who  in- 
tercepted him,  on  his  return,  made  good  his  retreat. 
In  these  several  conflicts,  the  Major  slew  of  the  ene- 
my, thirteen  ofiicers,  and  in  the  whole  three  hundred 
men ;  a  greater  number  than  he  carried  with  him 
into  the  field.^f 

Before  this,  in  1688,  twelve  hundred  warriours  (^ 
the  Sixnations,  made  a  descent  on  the  island  of  Mon- 
treal, slew  a  tliousand  of  the  inhabitants,  and  carried 
off  twenty  six  prisoners,  whom  they  burnt  alive. 
About  three  months  after,  they  attacked  the  island 
again,  and  went  off  with  nearly  the  same  success. 
**  These  expeditions  had  the  most  dismal  consequen- 
ces on  the  affairs  of  the  French  in  Canada."  They 
had  a  garrison  at  lake  Ontario,  which  they  now  aban- 
doned, and  fled  in  canoes  down  the  Cadarackui  in 
the  night ;  and,  in  descending  the  falls,  a  great  num- 
ber of  men  were  lost.  The  warriours  then  took  pos- 
session of  the  garrison,  and  twentyseven  barrels  of 
powder  fell  into  their  hands.  Nothing  but  the  ignor- 
ance of  the  Sixnations,  in  the  European  art  of  war, 
saved  Canada  from  totai  ruin ;  and,  what  will  ever  be 
lamented,  the  colonies,  through  the  caprice  of  their 
European  lords,  were  unable  to  lend  them  any  assist- 
ance. With  a  little  help  from  the  English,  a  period 
would  have  beett  put  to  the  torrents  of  blood  that 

■^■^^"*     ""     '  ■  III*  II      I     —       I  I  ^1  ■■!     ■     ...I  ,        ,  T         .■■  I  ,       ,  ■       ■^||_«l|^ 

k*  TnunbuU,  I,  331,  but  at  301,  he  spelte  it  as  seen  in  Phil- 
ip^ war,  page  68  except  that  he  UB«a  but  one  I. 

.  taia.. 331-335.     ,._,.-  ;..u;^  :  ,.  '.^    ,^,  ^:^^^^^^^^^.       _ 


■  .;t.«;-.jvfcji-,.,  -  ■„*--r..5fet8:t;*jtfC.-,i.'vii 


,   .  vr:,        .  •    •     APPENDIX.     '^' '  .■'f:-Wlk' 

flowed  until,  the  conquest  by  the  immortal  Wolf  and 
Amhelrst,  in  1760. 


p. 


IX.-— DESTBUCTION  OV  DCVRFISliD. 


"^In  1703,  the  plan  was  laid  to  cut  off  the  frontier 
inhabitants  of  Newengland,  from  one  extremity  to  the 
other,  but  it  was  not  fully  executed.  Though  the 
eastern  settlements  from  Casco  to  Wells  were  de- 
stroyed, and  one  hundred  and  thirty  people  killed  and 
taken,  the  western  frontiers  remained  unmolested, 
and  were  lulled  into  a  fatal  security.  From  the  In- 
dians that  traded  at  Albany,  Colonel  Schuyler  receiv^i^ 
ed  intelligence  of  a  design  in  Canada  to  fall  upoi» 
Deerfield,  of  which  the  inhabitants  were  informed  in^ 
May.  "  The  design  not  being  carried  into  execution;^ 
in  the  course  of  the  summer,  the  intelligence  was 
not  enouffh  regarded.  But  the  next  winter,  1704, 
M.  Vaudrieul,  [Vaudreuil]  Govemour  of  Canada,  n^ 
sumed  the  project  with  much  attention.'*  :  n^^ 

^^The  history  of  this  affair  from  the  accomplished^ 
historian  of  Vermont,  Dr.  Samuel  Williams,  is  peri* 
haps  more  particularly  interesting,  as  he  is  an  imme«^ 
diate  descendant  of  a  principal  sufferer,  the  Rev^' 
John  Williams,  I  give  it  in  his  own  words.  *' 

**  Deerfield,  at  that  time,  was  the  most  northerly 
settlement  on  Connecticut  river,  b  few  families  al 
Northiield  excepted.  Against  this  place,  M.  Vaiv^ 
drieul  Sent  out  a  party  of  about  three  hundred  French 
and  Indians.  They  were  put  under  the  command  of 
Hertel  de  Rouville,  assisted  by  four  of  his  brothers ; 
all  of  which  had  been  trained  up  to  the  business  by 
their  father,  who  had  been  a  famous  partizan  in  their 
former  wars.  The  route  they  took,  was  by  the  way 
of  Lake  Champlain,  till  they  came  to  the  French 
river,  now  called  Onion  river.  Advancing  up  that 
stream,  they  passed  over  to  Connecticut  river,  and 
travelled  on  the  ice  till  they  came  near  to  Deerfield* 
Mr.  Williams, 'their  minister,  had  been  much  appro* 


■:  t^\TL- 


323 


AP^JWDIX. 


hensivo  of  danger,  and  attempted  to  m&ko  the  same 
impression  on  the  minds  of  his  people,  but  not  with- 
«unicient  success ;  but  upon  his  application,  the  go- 
vernment of  the  province  had  sent  a  guard  of  twenty 
soldiers  for  their  assistance.  The  fortifications  were 
some  slight  works  thrown  round  two  or  three  garri- 
son houses,  but  were  nearly  covered  in  some  places 
with  drifts  of  snow.  To  this  place,  Rouville  with 
his  party,  approached  on  February  the  twent^ninth. 
Hovering  round  the  place,  he  sent  out  his  spies  for 
intelligence.  The  watch  kept  the  streets  of  the  town 
till  about  two  hours  before  day,  a^d  then,  unfortu- 
nately, all  of  them  went  to  sleep.  Perceiving  all  to 
be  quiet,  the  enemy  embraced  the  opportunity  and 
rushed  on  to  the  attack.  The  snow  was  so  hish, 
that  they  had  no  difficulty  in  jumping  over  the  walls 
of  the  fortification ;  and  immediately  separated  into 
small  parties,  to  appear  before  every  house  at  the 
same  time.  The  place  was  completely  surprised, 
and  the  enemy  were  entering  the  nouses  at  the  mo- 
ment the  inhabitants  had  the  first  suspicion  of  their 
approach.  The  whole  village  was  carried  in  a  few 
hours,  and  with  very  little  resistance ;  one  of  the  gar- 
rison houses  only,  being  able  to  hold  out  against  the 
enemy. 

Having  carried  the  place,  slain  fortyseven  of  the 
inhabitants,  captured  the  rest,  and  plundered  the  vil- 
lage, the  enemy  set  it  on  fire ;  and  an  hour  afler  sun 
rise  on  the  same  day,  retreated  in  great  haste.  A  small 
party  of  the  English  pursued  them,  and  a  skirmish 
enwed  the  same  day,  in  which  a  few  were  lost  on 
both  sides.  The  enemy,  however,  completely  suc- 
ceeded in  their  enterprize,  and  returned  to  Canada 
on  the  same  route,  carrying  with  them  one  hundred 
and  twelve  of  the  inhabitants  of  Deerfield,  as  prisoners 
of  war.  They  were  tweityfive  days  on  their  march 
lirom  Deerfield  to  Chambly ;  and  like  their  masters, 
the  savages,  depended  on  hunting  for  their  support. 
On  _^^  if.  arrival  in  Canada^  they  fqun§  i^gu^  hu- 


i;;*'- 


ifptf^mx. 


I 


manitjr  and  kindness  from  the  Frenchi  and  from^  1^. 
Vaudrieul  their  Governouv ;  but  complained  mitieh 
of  the  intolerance,  bigotry,  and  duplicity  of  the 
priests."* 

Among  the  captives  was  the  minister  of  the  town. 
Rev.  John  Wilhams.  As  the  Indians  entered  his 
room,  he  took  down  his  pistol,  and  presented  it  to 
the  bi;ga8t  of  the  foremost,  but  it  missed  fire.  They 
then  laid  hold  on  him,  and  bound  him  naked  as  he 
was,  and  thus  kept  him  for  the  space  of  an  hour.  In 
the  mean  time  two  of  the  children  were  carried  out 
and  killed ;  also  a  negro  woman.  His  wife,  who  was 
hardly  recovered  from  childbed,  was  with  the  rest 
marched  for  Canada.  The  second  day,  in  wading  a 
river,  Mrs.  Williams  fainted  and  fell,  but  with  assist- 
ance was  kept  along  a  little  farther;  When  at  the 
foot  of  a  hill  she  be^an  to  falter,  her  savage  master, 
with  one  blow  of  his  tomahawk,  put  an  end  to  her 
miseries. 

^^  The  distance  they  had  to  march  was  at  least  three 
hundred  miles.  At  different  times  the  most  of  the 
prisoners  were  redeemed  and  returned  home.  Mr. 
Williams  and  fiflyseven  others  arrived  at  Boston  from 
Quebeck,  in  1706.  One  of  his  daughters,  Euniqe, 
married  an  Indian,  and  became  a  convert  to  the  Ro* 
man  Catholick  religion,  which  she  never  would  (^on- 
sent  to  forsake.  She  frequently  visited  her  friendi 
in  Newengland ;  <*  but  she  uniformly  persisted  in 
wearing  her  blanket  and  counting  her  beads."f 

Mr.  Williams,  after  his  return,  was  invited  to  pr^ch 
near  Boston ;  but  reftised  every  offer^  and  returned 
again  to  Deertield  and  collected  his  scattered  flock, 
with  whom  he  continued  until  1728;  "dying  iii 
peace,  beloved  by  his  people,  and  lamented  by  hip 
country."  He  published  a  history  of  his  captivity* 
which,  when  Dr.  Williams,  his  grand  son,  wrote  hit 

•  WiUiams*  Hist.  Vermont,  1, 304-807.  ^^  ~ 

t  Holroet*  American  Annab,  II,  65.  ^^  ^'  >**^*' 


^vSMv, 


ilfefi. 


:J  .i:  V  ■ 


?  M  ■'si't  'i'l^uaw 


tioiui.* 


^ppfiNPIV. 


.'i.   .-^  I'.nf.lt^  %    •« 


I^iil6ilr  of  Vermont,  had  passed  through  leven  w^ 


i^j- 


X. ^RAYAOES  OF  THE  EASTERN  INDIANS^ 


■r_  In  1707,  the  frontiers  suiTered  extrenfely.  Oyster 
river,  Exeter,  Kingstown,  and  Dover  in  Newhamp- 
shire ;  Beiwick,  York,  Wells,  Winterharbour,  Casco, 
a^nd  even  Marlborough  in  Massachusetts,  wei^  con- 
siderably damaged.  In  1710,  Col.  Walton  with  one 
hundred  and  seventy  men  made  an  expedition  to 
Norridgewock,  in  the  beginning  of  winter.  The 
chief  of  that  place  was  taken  and  kiUed,f  and  many 
more.  The  next  year  is  rendered  memorable  by  the 
great  expedition  against  Canada;  meinorable  only 
iQt  its  bad  success,  and  the  monstrous  debt  it  brought 
upon  the  Colonies.  In  1713,  a  peace  was  concluded 
with  France,  in  consequence  of  which  the  eastern 
Indians  desired  peace  with  the  colonies,  which  wais 
accordingly  brought  about.}  It  was  however  of 
shortt  duration.  In  August  1717,  it  was  renewed  at 
Airowsike,*^  but  was  broken  within  two  years  after, 


*  Hilt.  Vermont. 


)i0fir 


>:>■,  H'  t'tt^i^Uyi,  :yi  ^ 


^  t  His  aame  was  Arruhawikwabemt,  <<an  active  bold  fellow, 
and  one  of  an  undaunted  ipirit;  fbr,  when  he  was  asked 
■eyjeral  questions,  he  made  no  r«pl3[  j  and  when  they  threat- 
ened htm  with  death,  he  laug^d  at  it  with  contempt.'*  Pen- 
h«llow,70.  '  '-^F*^*  ^-  <":''''''-' 

:^  The  delegates  met  at  Forcsmoutth,  N.  H.,  11  July,  4hd''i 
ti^eaty  was  signed  the  IS.  The  articles  are  preserved  entire 
in  Bphallow's  History,  82-&5.  '^'h  f' 

;  ^^enhallow,  page  90,  relates  a  st^ry  concerning  the  ahun- 
4ainee  of  Ducks  at  this  place,  which,  though  we  do  not  doubt 
il,  is  certainly  equally  astonishing  io  many  Jisk  ttories. 
About  three  days  after  the  renewal  of  the  treaty,  "  a  number 
of  Indians  went  a  duck  hunting,  which  was  a  season  of  the 
▼ear  that  the  old  ones  generally  shed  their  feathers  in,'  and 
me  young  ones  are  not  so  well  flushed  as  to  be  able  to  fly ; 
they  drove  them  like  a  flock  of  sheep  before  them  into  the 
creeks,  where  without  either  powder  or  shot,  they  killed  at 
one  time,  four  thousand  an4  sii  hund^d*".  Th«  Eili^li^ 
bought  for  a  penny  a  dozen. 


AFFEi^mx. 


^*?''4 


ami  vftricm*  kMliUties  comiiiHted«  The  g«feMMent, 
in  173  r,  ordcnred  a  party  of  men  %f^  Ifonid«pro<)1i, 
tlMir  chief  town,  but  on  tlieir  approaoh,  tke  indtaMi 
all  fled  in«»  the  woods.  One  Sebastian  RaUa^  m 
RoUe  diwelt  there^  as  a  missionary  amon^  themt  aaid 
was  supposed  W  have  stirred  up  the  Indians  to  hiMk 
tilities,  osCastine  formerly  had.  Nothing  waaei^eifttr' 
ed  by  the  expedition,  except  the  bringing  away  of 
some  of  Ralle's  papers,  by  which  it  was  diseoveredi^ 
that  h^  was  instigator  in  the  wa».  This  was  thoufbit 
by  the  Indians  to  be  such  an  insult  on  the  diviii* 
agency,  that  they  now  made  war  their  busineifs^  la 
June,  1722;,  a  large  body  struck  a  deadly  blonir  on 
Merrymeeting  bay,  a  village  on  an  arm  of  the  Wiqir 
nipissaukee,*  where  they  took  tiine  faiailies.f  Short- 
ly after^  at  Passammaquaddy,  thev  took  a  vess^  wUh 
passengers,  and  burned  Brunswick. 

War  was  now  declared  on  th<;  part  of  the  Engljihb 
ahd  in  February,  CoK  Westbrook  with  one  hundwad 
and  thirty  men,  ranged  the  coast  with  sraalL  vess^lp 
as  far  as  Mountdesert.  "On  hi& return  he saiJ^d  i|| 
the  Penobscot,  and  about  thirtyt^o  miles  {Ux>ve  ^h# 
anchoring  {^ace,  for  the  transports,  discovered  tb^ 
Indian  Castle.  It  was  seventy  feet  long  and  ^f^ 
broad.  Within  were  twentythree  well  finished  v  '^f^ 
warns.  Without  was  a  handsome  church,  st^ty  ^(  t 
long  and  thirty  broad.  There  was*  also  a  coQ^iAQt. 
dious  house  for  their  priest.  But'these  were  all  4)|r 
stroyed,  and  nothing  more  was  accomplisbed  by  tM 
expedition,  than  the  barbarous  businesa  of  burninif 
this  Indian  vtllago.  ^7 


Trrr. 


^  There  are  many  wa^  used  in  writing  this  word',  Doifgi 
lass,  on  the  same  page  has  it  two  ways  i  and  few  eariv  an^ofi 
write  it  alike^  bat  afl,  or  nearly  all,  aeem  to  lain  at  tjbe  mmA 
wbifBh  1  liave  eiudeavoured  to  give  it.  And,  aa the  inlm^i^t^ 
who  dwell  aromid  tbia  lake,  pronpunce  it  so,  I  «ee  no  refSM 
why  we  should  not  write  it  eo ;  espeeiMly,  as  it  was  ^  moit 
e^rly  way,  and,  no  deubt,socluWby  thoMtivestMiseltia 

t  Most  of  thcce  were  afterwavA  set 


lew,  tl. 


i-tU 


2B" 


Hbtt«f. 


11   III 


«6 


APPENDIX. 


'■  Afterwards  Captain  Moulton  wi-^it  up  with  a  party 
of  meii  to  Njnridffewock,  but  the  village  was  de- 
aertedi  He  was  a  orave  and  prudent  man,  aiid,  pro- 
bably, imagining  that  moderation  and  humanity 
might  excite  the  Tndiaiis  to  a  .more  favourable  con- 
ducit  towards  the  English,  he  left  their  houses  and 
Church  standing.*' 

•  Ih  April,  1723,  eight  persons  were  killed  or  taken 
4t  Scarborough  and  Falmouth.  "  Aihon^  the  dead 
Mbb  a  Sergeant  Chubb,  whom  the  Indians  imagining 
to  be  Captain  Harman^  against  whom  they  had  con- 
,^ived  the  utmost  malignity,  fifteen  aiming  at  him 
0i  the  same  instant,  Icraged  eleven  bullets  in  his 
ikfcdy. 

_|-:  Besides  other  mischiefs,  the  enemy,  the  summer 
>^lowing,  surpnsed  Casco,  with -other  harbours  in 
V,  ts  vicinity,  and  captured  si^kteen  or  seventeen  sail  of 

eing  vessels.    Ine  vessels  belonged  to  Massachu- 
» 5  but  Govemour  Philips  of  Novascotia,  happeii- 
>,|iig  to  be  at  Casco,  ordered  two  sloops  to  be  imme- 
diately manned  and  dispatched  in  pursuit  of  the  ene 
Iny.     The  sloops  were  commanded  by  John  EHot  oi 
Boston,  and  John  Robinson  of  cape  Anne.     As  Eliot 
^kk  ranging  the  coast  he  discovered  seven  vessels  in 
Winepaiig  harbour.    He  concealed  his  men,  except 
^5^Mir  or  five,  and  made*^  directly  for  the  harbour. 
^i^ng  nearly  up  to  one  of  the  vessels,  on  board  of 
iV'feich  was  about  sixty  Indians,  in  high  expectation 
J^f  another   prize,  they  hoisted  their  pendants  and 
iried  out  *  Strike  English  dogs  and  come  aboard  for 
yo#are  all  prisoners.'   Eliot  answered  that  he  Would 
illifj&e  all  the  haste  lie  could.  Ashe  made  no  attempts 
1^.  escape,  the  enemy  soon  suspected  mischief,  cut 
^Mir  enable  and  attempted  to  gain  the  shore ;  but  im- 
fliediateiy  boarding  them  he  prevented  their  escape. 
|!(C4rabpUt  half  an  hour  they  made  brave  resistance, 
i«^  JSIioii's  band  grenadoes   made  such   a  havock 
HMnog  thenotv  that  at  l«iig^,  those  who  had  not  been 
killfd.  look  to  the  water   wher^  they  were  a  fair 


rif- 


^''^OiMli^Vj, 


APPENDIX. 


38!li' 


mark  for  the  English  musketeers.  Five  Only  reached 
the  shore.  Eliot  received  three  bad  womidt,  had  okt^ 
man  killed  and  several  wounded.  He  recovenMli 
seven  vessels,  several  hundred  quintals  of  fish,  and 
fifteen  captives.  Many  of  the  captives  had  been; 
sent  away,  and  nine  had  been  murdered  in  cold  bloodi.- 
Robinson  retook  two  vessels  and  killed  several  of i! 
the  enemy. 

^he  loss  of  such  a  numbe.  of  men  determined  the 
enemy  to  seek  revenge  on  the  poor  fishermen. 
Twenty  of  these  yet  remained  in  their  hands,  at  thif 
harbour  of  Malagash,  [where  the  remainder  of  the 
vessels  lay  which  they  had  taken  from  the  Enelisi^ 
and  were  inaccessible  to  Captain  Eliot.]  These 
were  all  destined  to  be  sacrificed  to  tlie  manes  of  tho' 
slaughtered  Indians.  At  th^  very  time,  that  the  pow^ 
awing  and  other  ceremonies,  attending  such  horrid 
ble  purposes,  were  just  commencing,  Gaptain  Blin^ 
who  sometime  before  had  been  a  prisoner  ameoffv 
them,  arrived  oiT  the  harbour ;  and  made  the  si^al^ 
or  sent  in  a  token,  which  it  had  been  agreed  between: 
them,  should  be  the  sign  of  protection.  Three  In- 
dians came  aboard,  and  an  agreement  was  made  for. 
the  ransom  both  of  the  ships  and  captives.  Thesetr 
were  delivered  and  the  ransom  paid.  Ci^tain  Wxt 
in  his  way  to  Boston,  captivated  a  number  of  themv 
near  cape  Sable;  and  Captain  Southack  a munbei, 
more,  which  they  brought  on  with  them  to  Bostcm." 

In  September  they  made  a  descent  on  the  island 
of  Arrowsike,  v/here  they  burned  the  houses,  killed 
the  cattle,  and  then  retired  to  their  head  quartos  at 
Norridgewock.  There  was  a  garrison  on  the  ishind 
of  about  forty  men,  but  their  number  was  so  small 
compared  with  ihat  of  the  enemy,  that  no  sally  #as 
made* 

The  beginning  of  the  next  year,  1724,  was  alto^ 

f  ether  unfavourable  to  the  English.  People  were 
illed  at  Cape  Porpoise,  Black  Point,  and  Berwick ; 
also  at  Lamprey,  and  Oyster  rivers,  and  Kingston, 
in  Newhampshire.  ^■'-■':^_,  :^fi^^i-^f^-: 

^    ■  ■  ■        .    .     '    •      -'■  ■  ■   ,  '    -  '/•^^ 


% 


m 


A^JEVKDtX. 


fe. 


. '  ^"tottviitft  Josiah  Window,  who  had  been  statM 
fid>8t  tnie  lort  «a  St.  Geotge*s  river,  with  part  of  hii 
oooiDMif,  had  been  surfMriied  and  cut  off.  He  went 
civt  nrom  the  tort  with  two  whaleboats,  fourteen  wthi4e 
SMn,  and  three  Indians.  It  seems  the  enemy  watch- 
ed their  motions,  and  on  their  return,  suddenly  sur- 
rounded them,  with  thirty  canoes,  whose  compiUmeBt 
was  not  less  tiian  a  hundred  Indians.  The  Enaiish 
attempted  to  land,  but  were  intercepted,  and  nothing 
remained  but  to  sell  their  lives  as  dearly  as  possible. 
Diey  made  a  brave  defence,  but  every  Engliehman 
was  killed.  The  three  Indians  escaped  to  repoit 
their  hapless  fall.  Flushed  with  iliese  successes,  the 
enemy  attempted  stiU  greater  feats  on  the  water. 
They  t<^k  two  shallops  at  the  isles  of  shoals.  They 
then  made  seizures  of  other  vessels  in  different  har- 
boars.  Among  others  they  todk  a  lajrge  schooner 
carrying  two  swivel  guns.  This  they  manned  and 
cmised  along  the  coast.  It  was  imasined  that  a 
SBB^l  ibrc^  would  be  able  to  conquer  these  raw  sai- 
kfft.  A  shaHop  of  sixteen,  and  a  schooner  of  twenty 
men,  under  Captains  Jackson  and  Lakeman,  weite 
armed  and  sent  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy.  They  soon 
came  up  with  them,  but  raw  as  they  were,  they  obli- 
ged the  English  vessels  to  sheer  off,  and  leave  them 
to  pirsue  their  own  course,  who  took  eleven  vessela 
and  Ibrtyfive  men.  Twentytwo  they  killed,  and  the 
others  tkey  carried  into  captivity." 

While  these  affairs  were  passing  at  sea,  the  inland 
eottntry  suffered  also.  '*  Mischief  was  done  at  Gro- 
ton,%utland,  Northampton,  and  Dover.  In  all  these 
places  more  or  less  were  killed,  some  wounded)  and 
ot^iers  carried  into  captivity." 
'The  scene  is  now  to  change.  The  English  ere 
resolved  to  visit  the  Indians  at  their  head  quarters, 
at  Norfidgewock.  Accordingly,  Captains  MoiUton, 
Hnnnaii,  and  Boumei  with  two  hundred  and  eighty 
men,  anived  at  Taconnock,  up  the  Kennebeck  n*tm 
the  twentieth  of  August.    Here  ihey  left  their  boata 


-•♦/■,• 


APPENDIX. 


V 


Ifo 


•rtr 


m 


and  forty  men  to  guard  them,  '  yd  proceeded  the 
next  day  for  Norridgewock.  **  In  the  evening  they 
discovered  two  women,  the  wife  and  daughter,  df 
Bomazeen,  the  famous  warriour  and  cbiemini*.of 
Norridgbwock.  They  fired  upon  them  and  kiHed  his 
daughter,  and  then  captivated  his  wife.  By  her  iJmf 
obtained  a  good  account  of  the  state  of  the  village. 
On  the  twentythird  they  came  near  it,  and  as  they 
imagined  that  part  of  the  Indians  would  be  in  their 
corn  fields,  at  some  distance,  it  was  thought  expedi^ 
ent  to  make  a  division  of  the  army.'*  Captain  Har- 
man  marched  with  eighty  men  into  the  fields.-^— 
**MouUon  with  the  remainder  marched  directly  for 
the  village.  About  three  o'clock  it  opened  sudden^ 
ly  upon  them.  The  Indians  were  all  in  their  wtjg^ 
wams  entirely  secure.  Moulton  marched  his  meii^ir 
the  profoundest  srlenco,  and  ordered  that  not  one  ol 
them  should  fire  at  random,  through  the  wigwams 
nor  till  they  should  receive  the  enemy's  fire  ;  as  lie 
expected  they  would  come  out  in  a  panic  and  over-' 
shoot  them.  At  length  an  Indian  stepping  out,  dis- 
covered the  English  close  upon  them.  He  instantly 
gave  the  war  hoop,  and  sixty  warriours  rushed  out  to 
meet  them.  The  Indian^  ^ed  hastily  without  In- 
juring a  man.  The  English  returned  the  fire  witM 
great  effect,  and  the  Indians  instantly' fled  to  the  Hv-^ 
er«  Some  jumped  into  thMr  canoes,  others  into  tbe 
river,  which  tjie  tallest  of  them  were  able  to  foi^. 
Moulton  closely  pursuing  them,  drove  them  from. 
their  canoes,  and  killed  thein  in  the  river,  ^pth^t  it 
was  judged,  that  not  more  than  fifly  of  the  whole  vil 
lage  reached  the  opposite  shore.  Some  of  the'ltq 
were  shot  before  they  reached  the  woods.  ^^  * 

Th6  English  then  returto|t  to  the  village,  fpMd 
father  Ralle,  the  Jesuit,  tiring  from  one  of  the  wig- 
wanis  on  a  small  number  of  njen  who  had  not  been 
in  the  pursuit  of  the  enemy.  One  of  these  he  wound** 
e$l;xijl  ^oQiequence  of.  which,  one  Lieutenant  hi" 


■t.-5. 


QBB 


AlVftKlMX. 


omBthmHike  door  waA  ihoi  him  through  di« 
Gt^tata  Ifoulton  had  ffiven  orders  not  to  kilt  hni. 
JaqiMS  excused  himteif,  affirming  that  Ralla  was 
loakinff  hia  piece,  and  refused  to  give  or  take  c|iiar* 
ter.  With  the  Eniglish  there  were  three  Mohawks. 
Hogg**  a  fiimous  Indian  warriour  firit?^  from  a  wig* 
worn  killed  one  of  them.  His  brother  in  a  rage  flew 
to  the  wi(rwam»  burst  the  door,  and  instantly  kilLac^ 
Mogg.  The  English  followed  in  a  rage  ano  killed 
his  squaw  iEUid  two  helpless  children.''  After  the  ."^c^ 
tion  Hannan  arrived  and  they  all  lodged  in  the  viv 
lage.  ^*  In  the  morning  they  found  twentysix  dead 
bodies,  besides  that  of  the  Jesuit.  Among  the  dead 
were  Bomaaeen.Mogg,  Wissememet,  and  Bomaseen's 
SOD  in  law,  all  Ihmous  warriours.^f 
>  The  inhumanity  of  the  English  to  the  women  and 
chilchren  cannot  be  excused.  It  greatly  eclipses  the 
hiatre  of  the  victory.^ 

The  Nofridgewocks  were  now  broken  down,  and 
they  never  made  any  figure  aAerwards.^  ' 

XI.--HU>VSWEL2;'S   FIGHT.         i*tt4    , 

FsRB4Ps  the  celebrated  story  of  "  LoTewi}i«L'!S 
FiOHT,'*  cannot  be  given,  to  interest  the  present  age, 
better  than  in  the  lansuaxe  of  the  old  song,  composed 
ymi  after  it  happened,  li  is  a  simple  and  true  nat* 
ra^ve  of  the  aniur.  M*^ 

i  Of  worthy  Captu]|'{jOTewe!l,||  I  purpose  now  to  wog, 
. .  Iliiw  vaJian^ly  he  served  lus  country  and  his  King ; 

.    >-«       ■        ■> '   ■  r— i . i '. 

*   *  In  Philip's  Wai>  th^re  was  a  ehief  by  this  na^ie^    Mji:, 
Habbard  called  him  "  {Aug  the  rogue." 

,  t "  The  number  in  all  that,  mm  killed  [of  the  enefnvl  fr^ 
8i|pno8ed  to  be  eighty."    PeB^aHqw,  108. 

f  "  1^  may,"  says  Penhalldwi  ib.  "be  as  noble  an  exploit' 
(all  things  coDsid^red)  as  erer  happend  in  the  time  of  Hi^g 
Hiilip.**  n 

§  The  above  article  is  taken  fVobi  Dr.  Trumbull's  Hist.  \i^ 
5.  Chap.  IX.  ^ 

i Captain  John  Lovewe^  lived  in  Dunstable,  Newbamp- 


a* 


% 


■  « 


As  I 


AfPANOlX. 


^1 


He  and  hit  TAliaat  toldien,  did  nuiM  the  woodt  AiU  wide, 
And  hardthipf  they  endured  to  qaellthe  Inditni*  pride. 

9  *TwM  nigh  «nto  Picwncket,*  on  the  eighth  dav  orMt7,t 
They  spied  n  rebel  Indian  eeon  after  tNreak  of  any ; 
He  on  a  bank  was  walking,  apon  a  neck  of  land, 
Which  leads  into  a  pond^  as  we're  made  to  nnderstand. 

S  Our  men  resolvM  to  have  him  and  tiarell'd  tWQ  miles  round, 
Until  they  mot  the  Indian,  who  boldly  stood  his  ground ; 
Then  spake  up  Captain  LoTewell,  "Take  you  good  heed,** 

says  he. 
"  This  rogue  18  to  decoy  OS,  I  very  plainly  see.§  ^^ 

4  "  The  Indians  lie  in  ambush,  in  some  place  nigd  at  hand, 
"  In  order  to  surround  us  upon  this  neck  of  land  ; 
"  Therefore  we*Il  march  in  order,  and  each  man  leare  his 

P*ek,|| 
<*Thaf  we  may  briskly  fight  them  when  they  make  their 

.->i^       attack.**" 


■,■;  * 


Mr. 

'U. 


,Ik 


5  They  came  unto  this  Indian,  who  did  them  thus  defy, 
As  soon  as  they  came  nigh  him,  two  guns  he  did  let  fly,ir 

shire,  then  Massachusetts.  "  He  was  a  son  of  Zachew  Lotc- 
well,  an  Ensign  in  the  army  of  Oliver  Crmnwell,  who  came 
to  tins  country  and  settled  at  Dunstable,  where  he  died  at 
the  age  of  one  hundred  and  twenty  vears,  the  oldest  white 
man  who  ever  died  in  the  state  of  Newhampshire.**  Far* 
mer  and  Moore*e  Col.  HI,  64.    . 

*l%taated  on  the  upper  part  of  the  river  Saco,  then  ftO 
inilct  from  any  white  settlement.  lb.  1, 37.  ,  It  is  in  the 
present  town  of  Fryeburg,  Maine. 

t  They  set  out  from  Dunstable  about  the  16  April,  1735. 
Symmes*  narrative,  in  Farmer  andMoore*s  Col.  1, 37. 

X  Called  Saco  pond.  Some  call  this  Lovewell's  pond,  but 
Love%ell*s  pond  is  in  Wakefield,  where  he  some  time  before, 
captured  a  company  of  Indians,  who  were  on  their  way  to 
attack  some  of  tne  frontier  towns. 

§  This  Indian  was  out  a  hunting,  and  probably  had  no 
knowledge  of  the  Englit^,  having  two  ducks  in  his  band,  and 
his  guiks  loaded  with  beaver  shot.    Symmes  and  Belknap. 

n  The  Indians  fiiidjlng  their  packs,  learned  their  number, 
and  placed  themselves  to  surround  them,  when  they  retuni- 
ed. 

IT  It  appears  from  Mr.  Symmes,  that  the  English  snw  the 
Indtim  <»Miling,  ai^d  secreted  themselves,  firing  at  Kni  fijNt 


i  r-, 


l::^.':^f^ 


mmm 


332 


APFJ&NDJX. 


Whieh  wounded  Captain  Lovewell,  and  likewise  one  itt.in 

more,*  [fforr.f 

But  when  this  rogue  was  running,  thej  laid  him  iq  hiH 

6  Then  having  scalp*d  the  Indian,  they  went  l>aek  fo  the  spot, 
Where  thev  had  laid  their  packs  down,  but  there  tncy 

found  them  not,    ' 
For  the  Indians  having  spy'd  them,  when  they  them  down 

did  lay. 
Did  seize  them  for  their  plunder,  and  carry  them  aTr«.y. 

7  These  rebels  lay  in  ambush,  this  very  place  hard  by. 
So  that  an  English  soldier  did  one  ofthem  espy, 

And  cried  out  **  Here's  an  Indian,"  with  that  they  started 

As  fiercely  as  old  lions,  and  bideovwiy  did  shonitT   *"'     .^  - 

8  With  that  our  valiant  English,  all  gave  a  loud  huzza,     - 
'  To  shew  the  tebel  Indians  they  fear*d  them  not  a  straw r> 

t    So  now  the  fight  began,  and  as  fiercely  as  could  be, 
,^   The  Indians  ran  up  to  them,  but  soon  were  forc'd  to  flee.:^ 

.  •  i;  *^' 

9  Then  spake  up  Oaptain  Lovewell,  when  first  the  fight  be- 

gan, 
"  Fight  on  my  valiant  heroes!  you  see  they  fall  like  rain<" 
For  as  we  are  informed,  the  Indians  were  so  thick, 
'  A  man  could  scarcely  fire  a  gun  and  not  some  ofthem  bit. 

.  0  Then  did  the  rebels  try  their  best  our  soldiers  to  surround, 
But  they  could  not  accomplish  it,  becausie  there  was  apond, 
*  To  which  our  men  retreated  and  covered  all  the  rear,§ 
The  rogues  were  forc'd  to  flee  them,  altho*  they  skulk*d 
for  fear.  /«w<.1  ^ 

MH  I  !■— ^^Ml  Mil        — ^—         I        I        I        »^^— !■  !■■    ■■!       I     ■  I.        I        ^       ■■■■nil  I  II  I  ■■■»  I  ■!       „  ■■^M»n»»  I 

He  Ihen,  having  twoguns,  discharged  both.  andwpui|ded^ 
the  Captain  mortally,  ' " '   ^ 

.  V*  Samuel  Whiting. 

t  Ensiffn  Wyman  shot  him,  and  Mr.  Frye,  the  chaplain, 
and  another,  scalped  him.     Symmes. 

{Both  parties  iidvanced  with  their  guns  presented,  and 
^faen  they  came  within  "a  few  yardSj"  they  fired^ on  both 
sides.  "  The  Indians  fell  in  considerable  numbers,  but  the 
English,,  most,  if  not  all  ofthem,  escaped  the  first  shot."  lb. 
Then  advancing  within  twice  the  length  of  their  guns,  slew 
nine.     Penhallow. 

'    §  Twelve  were  killed  and  wounded  before  they  retreated 
to  tfaie  pond.    There  was  a  small  bank,  which  served  them 


'^  * 


ig.-«|>'-yi^<.r-tj..W|^y 


1IT« 

Wi( 

.The 

vAnd 

lt*Tw 

And 
kxe4 
Droi 

18  But 
Shoo 
Fori 
Scan 

14  And 
Tos« 
Butt 

And! 

1ft  oral 

Ando 
And  SI 
Ther 


Mubrea 

defeat. 

afterwar 

•Thej 
Svimnes 
ed  again 

tFortj 
more  die^ 

t  Solon 
idong  the 
canoe,  ini 
him  on  sc 
■tfety.  I 
boat, into 
escape  tlv 

§  Eight 
tii«tth«y 
rau'ttfNiy 


APPENDIX. 


839 


>t, 


1 1  Two  Un  th«M  wm  b«liiMl  4kiim,  that  elMe  tofetb^r  Uj, 
^  WillHrat  iMiag  diteov«M4»  thej  egoUl  not  cot  owfty  ; 
Tborofore  oar  vtlUat  EngUsh,  they  traTolT'd  in  » torn, 
.  And  At  a  htndiome  dittanee  as  they  were  wont  to  go. 

It  *Twat  10  o'clock  in  the  morning,  when  fint  the  fight  began, 
And  fiercely  did  eontinae  antil  the  letting  atto , 

<i  Ib^ic^ing  that  the  Indians,  some  hourt  before  'twas  night, 
Drew  off  into  the  bushes  and  ceased  awhile  to  fight.* 

18  But  soon  again  returned,  in  fierce  and  furious  mood. 
Shooting  as  in  the  morning,  bat  yet  not  half  so  loud  ;       -^f 
For  as  we  are  informed,  so  thick  and  fast  they  fell, 
Scarce  twenty  of  their  number,  at  night  did  get  home  well.f 

14  And  that  our  valiant  English,  till  midnight  there  did  stay, 

I'o  see  whether  the  rebeb  would  have  another  fray  ; 

B«t  they  no  more  returning,  they  made  off  towajrds  their 

'  home,  [come.l 

And  brought  away  their  woanded  as  far  as  they  could 


ilk'd 


ided 

lain, 

and 

}oth 

the 

lb. 

lew 


itod 

ICiU 


16  Of  all  our  valiant  English,  there  were  but  thirtyfour. 
And  of  the  rebel  Indians,  there  were  about  (bur  score.    .4. 
And  sixteen  of  our  English  did  sa.  ^y  home  return. 
The  rest  were  killed  and  wounde..    '>r  which  we  all  moit 
mourn.§  ^ 

as  a  breastwork,  and,  perhaps,  <Hivnd  them  from  an  immediate 
defeat.  This  is  the  more  probable,  as  but  few  were  killed 
afterward.    lb. 

*  They  probably  drew  off  to  take  care  of  the  wounded. 
Snnmes  nor  Penhallow  makes  no  mention  that  th^  return- 
eo  again  to  the  fight,  after  they  drew  off. 

t  Forty  were  said  to  be  killed  upon  the  iqpot,  and  eighteen 
more  died  of  their  wounds.     Penhallow. 

I  Solomon  Keyes,  after  receiving  three  wounds,  crawled 
idong  the  shore  of  the  pond,  where  he  chanced  to  find  an  old 
canoe,  into  which  he  rolled  himself,  and  the  wind  wafted 
him  on  several  miles  toward  the  fort,  which  he  reached  in 
safety.  He  felt  his  end  approaching,  when  he  was  in  the 
boat,  into  which  he  had  crawled,  onfy  to  die  in  peace,  uid  to 
escape  the  scalping  knife,  but  wonderfully  revived.  Symmea. 

^  Eight  were  left  in  the  woods,  whose  wounds  were  so  bad 
that  tk^  cotild  not  travel,  of  whom  two  only  rotofned.  Ono 
ran  «#ay  in  the  beginning  t>f  Hm  fight. 


;f#*i*#>i:-i-.;?^- 


Kf""' \  I:  ■9'ilt ' 


H.-'*,> 


m 


1 


8d4 


APP»Nl>n^ 


d'bttV^ortfar  Gi^in  Loirewellimontt  them  there  did  die, 
Thejr  lriIle«rlft.^eliiiSj*'srid  wtmiided  good  younf  Vrycjt 
Who  WM  owHEnglidi  ehapliiin ;  he  many  Indians  4lew^ 
And  some  of  th^mhe  scalp'd  when  bullets  round  him  flew 

17  Yottiig  FulTamt  too  1*11  mention,  hetiaizse  he  fought  so  Well, 
Endeavouring  to  sare  d  man^a  saerifiee  he  fell ; 

But  yet  our  valiant  EngHshiiion  in  fi^t  were  ne'er  dis- 
mayed, '  '  Tm«i,de, 
But  still  ihey  kept  their  motion,  and  'Wyman't$§  Captain 

18  Who  shbt  the  old  chief  Paugas^)^  which  did  the  foe  defierat. 
Then  set  his  men  in  order,  and  brought  oflf  the  retreat ; 
And  braving  many  dangers  and  hardships  in  the  way, 
They  safe  arriv*a  at  Dunstable,  the    thirteenth  day  of 

.r-    ■      ■Mav.ir   :  ■   :  ■ 

'fk  thfe  beginning  of  the  war,  one  hundred  poimds 
Were  offered  by  the  government  for  every  Indian 
vcalp.    Captain  Lovewell  and  his  company  in  about 

He  belonged'  to  Chelmesford^     Being  mortally  wounded; 
liesired  to  haVe  two  guns  charged,  and  left  with  him,  #lnQh 
•  hey  did.    He  said,  **  Ad  the  Indians  will  come  in  the  morn- 
ng  to  scalp  me,  I  will  kill  one  more  of  them  if  I  can."  '  lb. 

1'  He  fell  about  the  middle  of  the  afternoon.    He  was  the 
y  son  of  Capt.  James  Frye  of  Andoyer,  graduated  at  Hfurr 
vard  college  in  1738,  and  was  chaplain  of  the  company.    lb. 

:f  Only  son  of  Major  FuUam  of  Weston,  was  sergeaikt-of 
'>  the  company,  and  fell  in  the  beginning  of  the  fight.     lb;*  <' 

5i>  -   §  Ensifftt  Setfa  Wyman  of  Woburn.    He  wisus  presented 
''r^  with  a  siiVer  hilted  sword  for  his  good  conduct,  ana eommis- 
'sioned  Captain.    He  d'-    soon  after. 

11  Many  of  LoveWell*s  men  knew  Paugus  personally*  A 
huge  bear's  skin  formed  a  part  of  his  dress.  From  Mr. 
^ymmes'  account,  it  appears  that  John  Chamberlain  killed 
^^him.  They  had  spokeiji  together  some  time  in  the  fight, 
and  afterward  both  happened  to  go  to  the  pond  to  wash  out 
their  guns,  which  were  render^  useless  by  so  frequent 
firing.  Here  the  ehallange  was  given  by  PauKus,  "  It  is  you 
CNi^l."  As  soon  as  the  guns  were  prepared  they  fired, 'and 
Piugus  fell. 

t,^jmm  and  three  others  did  not  arrive  until  the  li 
bat  the  main  body,  consisting  of  tweLvt,  arrived  the  llth. 


■%■%'  r-M' 


,  i'sf^*>'  -'ji- "^ " j.-^ .  '''^,<'  :■' 


three 

stimu 

wher< 

sure. 

nearly 

« 

consi< 
and  h 

calC< 

C.Up 
worki^ 
of  Lov 


Ah! 
f#hef 

mei 

Butn 

The  I 
Thew 
Andt 
From 


The  li 

'  And  a 

•   The  M 

,.4pdtl 

then 
t  Cut  01^ 
^  But  lit 

Forth 

Thevo 

Inhere' 

But  th( 

^  No  gus 

<^he  ey 
JPktw 

•  * 


AP^ieifDIX. 


mp 


three  nkmthfi  made  twelve  hundred  pounds.  This 
stimulated^hem  to  sittack  the  village  of  Pigwockct, 
where,  if  successful,  they,  considered  their  (brtimcs 
sure.  It  Was  a  heavy  loss  to  the  country,  but  this 
nearly  ffimshed  the  wair.  The  Indians  formed'  no 
considerable  body  in  theise  parts  afterward.  A-l6ng 
and  happy  peace  followed. 

The  above  song  is  taken  from  the  Valuable  Hi^bri- 
cal  Collections  of  Farmer  and  Moore. 


'***^'l^cannot  refuse  the  beautiful  lines  of  Mr.  Thomas 
C*  Upham,  "a  N.  Hampshire  poet,"«  place  in  this 

work.     They  werfe  occasioned  by  a  visit  to  the  place 

—   —  -■-■  ■  ji^^j 

.-!■♦ 


of  Lovewell'S  Fight;* 

^Mhl  wh«reJ^re  the  soldiers  that  Ibo^t  here  of  yore? 
<;,^/rhe  sod  j^  upon  them,tlieyMl  strug;^e  no  more. 
'^,  [  The  hatchet  is  fallen,  the  red  man  is  low  ; 
'*  But  near  him  reposes  the  arm  of  his  foe. 


The  bugle  is  silent,  the  warhoop  is  dead  ^  '^^"^  'M 

There's  a  murmur  of  waters  and  woods  in  their  tAeaA^^^- 
And  the  raven  and  owl  chant  a  symphony  drear,  ^  h|; 
From  the  dark  waving  pines  o'er  the  cpm|iatant'a  bier     ... 


■h 


The  light  of  the  sun  has  just  sunk  in  the  wave. 
And  along  time  ago  sat  the  sun  of  the  brave. 
'The  waters  complain,  as  they  roll  o'er  the  stones,^  I  >>. 
Apd  t^e  rank  grass  encircles  a  few  scatter'd  bones. 

The  names  of  the  fallen  the  traveller  leaves 

Gut  oi5t  with  his  knife  iii  the  bark  of  the  trees, 

But  little  avail  his  affectionate  arts, 

For  the  names  of  the  fallen  are  graved  in  oOr  hearts; 

Th«  voice  of  the  hunter  is  loud  on  the  breeze. 
There's  a  dashing  of  waters,  a  rustling  of  trees  ; 
But  the  Jangling;  of  armour  hath  all  pass'd  away, 
No  gushing  of  lifeblood  iahere  seen  to  day. 


^m 


■  iii 
■it 


i^he  eye  that  was  sparkling,  no  longer  is  bright. 
The  trm  of  the  mighty,  death  conquered  its  might, 

•  Taken  from  Farmer  and  Moore's  Col.  I,  S5. 


^  .? 


396 


itFF£NIUX. 


The  boaiMne  Ifaftt  onee  for  their  eountry  best  1«|^         '  t 
To  tliote  boMoui  Um  flods  of  the  TfdUy  are  Di|^ 

8!ee]|ft^  soldien  oTmerit,  sleep,  galUnto  of  yore, 
The  Batchet  is  falleii,  the  stmnle  is  o*er. 
While  the  fir  tree  is  gM^n  and  the  wind  rolls  a  waT«, 
T1i#  tear  drop  sbiU  brif^ten  the  turf  a€  the  brave. 

XIL'^HIMXCPOTES,     NABIUTITK8,    d^C,   OV    TI|S    IN- 


Vl*7V  "f  J 


>%f^  AmoBg  the  first  settlers  of  Brunswick,  Maine 
wa$  Daniel  Malcolm,  a  man  of  undaunted  courage^ 
aadi  an  inveterate  enemy  of  the  Indians,  who  gave 
him  the  name  of  Sungumumby,  that  is,  a  very  strong 
man.  Early  in  the  spring,  he  ventured  alone  into 
the  forest  for  the  purpose  of  splitting  rails  from  the 
spruce,  not  apprehensive  of  Indians  so  early  in  the 
season.  While  engaged  in  his  Work,  and  having 
opened  a  log  with  small  wedges  about  half  its  length 
he  was  surprised  by  Indians,  who  crept  up  and  se- 
cured \k\9  musket,  standing  by  his  side.  *^Sungur- 
numby,"  said  the  chief,  "  now  me  got  you  ;  long  me 
want  you  ;  you  long  speak  Indian,  long  time  worry 
him ;  me  have  got  you  now ;  look  up  stream  to  Ca- 
nada."— "Well,"  said  Malcolm,  with  true  sangfimd, 
''you  have  me;  but  just  help  me  open  this  log  be- 
fore I  go."  They  all  (five  in  number)  agreed.  Mal- 
colm prepared  a  large  wooden  wedge,  carefully 
drove  it,  took  out  his  small  wedges,  and  told  the  In- 
dians to  put  in  their  fingers  to  the  partially  defied 
wood,  and  help  pull  it  open.  They  did ;  he  then  sud- 
denly struck  out  his  blunt  wedge,  and  the  elastick 

wood  instaMly  closed  ftutt  on  their  fogers,  aiK(  he 
secured  fbem.'^  .  ^,,^^:-.-|;m.. '...^v...-  ,,.. ..    -■-.^^.-.. 

2.  Origin  qf  the  name  of  a  bridge  in  SaUahiary 
A".  If.,  known  by  the  name  of  "  Indian  Bridge." — 
In  the  fall  of  the  year  1753,  two  Indians^  namedr  8a- 


"UK"       ■iHii<*J,i.Vi.''i'i 

-  M    .  5 


^•^ymt^f^f^^ 


^  Farmer  and  Moore,  III,  1(^. 


Hi  I'  II «  ■»»  >)•  *''tik 


,l..iC*-i   ^-.OCSt. 


■  --i-,  '*.iJi  ^^i.''^    »i«-^'.  »*i  ^  ^k--.'^* 


batii 

Thej 

knevi 

gan 

.    miscl 

Bnglj 

and  s 

wouU 

trade 

ittp  t 

they  1 

^ausi 

avoid 

a  litti 

themes 

me  he 

repliec 

brothe 

Peter  j 

the  tei 

suad^j 

them; 

how  to 

their,  cj 

en  call 

hous^, 

them  sc 

which  1 

a  df  unb 

aqt  hi» 

of  life. 

eauti0B 

took  hii 

As  thei 

ruu  witi 

peffi>rm« 

back,  at 

heartily. 


..'A  ..-► 


APPKNDIX. 


9^ 


unary 
8a- 


batit  aar!  Pkuisawa,  came  into  Canterbury  witfa^fiiMi. 
They  ber<t^  met  two  men  from  Newbiirv»  wkdn  timy 
knew,  but  were  not  pleased  afc  seeing  thenv  andiW- 
gan  |o  juake  off.  Sabatis  seemed  dispcs^  tO'  do 
miscbieiy  but  was  presented  b^  Plausawa^  The  two 
Englishmen  offered  to  buy  their  fursi.  They  refused, 
and  said  they  would  not  sell  furs  to  the  JBn^ishyhuBt 
would  go  to  Canada  ;^  but  afterwacd  they  olfered  to 
trade  for  rum.  They  had  rum,  but  wovikl  not  s^ 
it  to  them,  thinking  that  they  were  ill  disposed.  As 
they  were  about  to  leave  the  Indians,  one  of  thon^ 
Plausawa,  appeared  friendly,  and  advised  them  to 
avoid  meeting  with  Indians.  When  they  had  gone 
a  little  distance  from  the  Indians^  Sabatis  called 
them^ .and  sa:^n  No  more  you  English  come  here ; 
me  heart  bad  i  kill  you."  One  of  the  Ei^^iMh 
replied,  "No  kill — English  and  Indians  now  all 
brothers."  As  they  left  the  Indians,  they  met  one 
Peter  Bowen  going  toward  them.  Tbev  told  imm  of 
the  temper  the  Indians  had  showed*  mi  tried  tO'dis* 
suade  him.  He  replied,  that  he  was  not  airaidt  of 
them ;  that  be  was  acquainted  witk  Idadiansand  kn«w 
how  to  deal  with  them.  The  Indians,  had  gi^t  into 
their,  canoe,  and  were  going  up  the  riveKy.when  Bow-» 
en  called  to  them,  and  invited  them  to  go  to  his 
house,  and  stay  all  night ;  and  that  he  would  give 
them  some  rum.  They  went  with  hipi  to  his  bou8«^ 
which  was  in  Contoocook.  The  night  was  spent  in 
a  drunken  fi-olick,  in  which  Bowen  did  not  fail  to 
a0t  his  part ;  being  much  accustontied  to  their  modes 
of  life.  In  the  midst  of  the  f^olick,  Bowen  t00k  Hm 
caution  to  unl€»ad  their  guns.  The  next  morning  )m 
took  his  horse  to  convey  their  packs  to  their  boats* 
As  they  were  going,  Sabatis  proposed  ta  Bowen  to 
ruu  with  his  horse.  A  race  being  agreed  upon  and 
patformedv  in  which  Saba^sbewt  Bowen  on  boitif 
back,  at  which  he  was  much  pleased,  and  laughed 
heartily.    After  proceeiifiifg  arang  a  little  further, 

29 


■.■•*Sti 


338 


At>F£NDlX. 


Sabatis  faid  to  hito,  ^*  Bowen  walk  woodtfl"  meaning 
that  Bowen  was  his  prisoner.  Boi^*3n  said,  <^No 
watfc  woods,  all  one  brothers."  Another  race  soon 
followed,  in  tiich  Sabatis  fell  in  the  rear j  and  Bow- 
en  hearing  a  gun  snap^  looked  round  and  saw  a, flash 
firom  Sabatis'  gun,  which  was  pointed  at  him^  He 
turned  back  and  laid  hibi  dead  with  a  blow  of  his 
tomahawk.  Plausawa  was  hirther  behindy  and  as 
Bowen  came  toward  him,  he  leveled  his  gun  and  it 
snapped  also;  he  then  fell  on  his  knees  and  begged 
^  his  life,  but  Bowen  knew  he  should  be  in  dangei 
so  long  as  the  friend  of  Sabatis  lived,  so  he  despatch^ 
ed  him  in  like  manner.  He  then  hid  the  bodies  un- 
der a  bridge,  which  were  found  the  next  spring  ^nd 
buried.  From  this  aflair  is  the  name  of  Indian 
Bridge  derived.* '  ^ 

3.  Origin  rf  the  peopling  of  JVantueket  by  thehi- 
jMana,  It  is  told  that  in  a  remote  period  of  antiqui- 
ty, an  eagle  made  a  descent  on  somte  part  of  the 
coast  of  what  is  now  Newengland,  and  carried  off  a 
young  Indi^'.n  in  his  lalons.  The  woeping  parents 
made  bitter  lamentations,  and  with  eager  eyes  saw 
their  child  borne  olit  of  sight,  over  the  trackless 
deep.  They  resolved 'to  follow  in  thie  same  direc- 
tion. Accordingly  they  set  out  in  their  Canoes,  and 
a^«r  a  perilous  pasisage  descried  the  island.  They 
landed  and  after  much  search  found  the  bones  61 
the  child. 

4.  An  avkecdcie  of  the  colony  of'^^gadehock, 
"  The  Norridgewock  Indians  have  this  tradition ; 

that  this  company  engaged  a  number  of  Indians,  who 
had  come  to  trade^ith  them,  to  draw  a  cannon,  by 
a  l<»ng  rope ;  that  the  moment  iiiey  ivere  ranged  in 
a  strait  line,  the  white  people  discharged  the  piece, 
which  killed  and  wounded  a  number.  Their  t^tiory  is, 
^thiit  the  indignation  of  the  natives  for  this  barba- 


^ 


%ifrA  ,%*!« 


.*  /, 


APPANDIX. 

rou8  treachery,  compelled  the  company  to  embark 
to  save  their  own  lives.'** 

6.  "^  Utter  from  King  Philip  to  Ooverwmr 
Prince,  copied  from  the  original,  which  hdonge  to 
Mr^  White,  qf  Plymouth,  The  words  are  epeU  as  in 
the  original  letter** 

King  Philip  desire  to  let  you  understand  that  he 
could  not  come  to  the  court,  for  Tom,  his  interpreter 
haA  a  pain  in  his  back,  that  he  could  not  travil  so, 
far,  and  Philip  sister  is  very  sick.     ,    •.    ■  ' 

Philip  would  intreat  that  favor,  of  you,  and  anev 
of  the  majestrates,  if  aney  English  or  Engians  speak 
about  aney  land,  he  preay  you  to  give  thqm  no  an- 
swer at  all.  This  last  sumer  he  made  that  promis 
with  ycu,  that  he  would  not  sell  norland  in  7  years 
time,  for  that  he  would  have  no  English  trouble  hi^ 
before  that  time,  he  has  not  forgot  that  you  promts 
him. 

He  will  come  a  sune  as  posible  he  can  to  speak 
with  you,  and  so  I  rest,  your  verey  loveing  friend, 
Pliilip,  dwelling  at  mount  hope  nek 
To  the  much  honored 

Governer,  Mr.  Thomas  Prince,        , 
dwelling  at  Plymouth.*! 

6.  Singularity  of  the  Indian  language*  Thus  ^e 
word  Nummatchekodtantamooongaminnonash  sisni- 
fies  no  more  in  Englisb,  than  our  lusts;  and.Noo- 
womantammooonkanunoiinash  nomore  than  ot^r  lott^. 
A  yet  longer  word  (if  so  such  an  assemblage  cf  let- 
ters may  be  called)  Kummogkcdonattoottummooeti-, 
teaongannunnonash  is  to  espresi^  only  our  questior^'l^^ 

7.  M  proof  of  King  PhiUp^s  humanity.  The  ances- 
ter  of  Cok  B.  Cole,  of  Warren,  Rhodeisl,an4»  came 
to  this  country  and  settled  at  Tuisset.^     He  in  time 

•  Morse  and  Parish's  Hist.  N.  Eng.  17. 

■*i'- 1  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  Col.  II,  40,  The  Editor  writes  at,  the 
bottom  of  the  letter,  "  There  is  oo  date  to  the  letter,  i^  WM 
probably  written  about  1660  or  1670." 

t  SeeMagnalia,  I,  507.^^  '^^    ^.^l^mV^  i»*«    b^    .M  y 
§  A  neck  of  Isiod  on  the  east  side  of  Keekamttit  riv«r« . 


:ii;.J;'h- 


mpmM 


340 


APwmmx. 


becimie  aoqainlsi  mth  IPhilip,  and  alwayi  KtmI  sil 
habits  of  friendship  with  him.  In  June  1675^  Philip 
inibrmed  Irim'lliat  his  yoimg  men  were  very  eager  to 
goto  war  against  the  English;  but  when  he  could 
no  longer  restrain  them  he  would  let  him  know.  Ac- 
cordingly on  an  evening  previous  to  the  fatal  24, 
canoes  arrived  from  Monnthope  with  advise  fiom 
PhiHp,  that  Mr.  Cole  and  family  must  go  over  to  A. 
I.,  as  his  people  would  begin  the  war.  They  em* 
barked,  and  the  next  morning  their  dwellings  were 
biimed.    Col.  B.  Cole,  is  of  the  fourth  generation.* 

^8.  ^n  Indian  Snare.  To  take  large  animus  they 
sometimes  buih  two  extensive  fences,  perhaps  a  mile 
apart  at  one  extremity,  and  at  the  other  nearly  meet'^ 
mg,  forming  an  angle,  generally,  something  less  than 
a  rijght  one.  At  this  point  or  opening  they  contrived 
to  b^nd  down  a  tree  of  sufficient  strength  to  suspend 
the  largest  animals.  "  An  English  mare  having  on(% 
stfayed  away,  was  caught,  and  like  MahometVfebled 
comni,  raised  between  the  heavens  and  earth,  in  one^ 
of  these  snares.  The  Indians  arriving,  and  seeing 
ler  struffgling  on  the  tree,  ran  immediately,  and  in- 
formed the  English  that  their  aqua/UJ  horse  was  hang- 
ing on  a  trefc.*'T- 

\  Antedate  tf  Ma^eaeeoit  <*  Mr.  Winslow, |  com- 
ing in  his  bark  from  Connecticut  to  Narragenset,*^-* 
and  he  lefl  her  there, — and  intending  to  return  by 
lan<l,  he  went  to  Osamekin  the  sagar  tore,  j^M'issas* 
soit]  his  old  ally,  who  offered  to  conduct  him  hrme 
to  Pliniouth.  But,  before  they  took  their  journey, 
Osamekin  sent  one*  of  his  men  to  Plimouth  io  tell 
them  that  Mr.  Winslow  was  dead  ;  and  direeted  him 
to  {^w, how  and  where  he  was  killed.  Whereupon 
latere  was  much  fear  and  sorrow  at  Plimouth.  The 
next  day,  when  Osamekin  brought  him  home,  they* 

**  OtaS  account  of  Col.  Col«.  t»ri  t "-  ! 

t  Morse  and  Parish's  N.  £ng.  Sfl. 
1  Mr,  Jiidward  Winslow. 


r.^^m^nfiMmi^:4'mM  io  ^m  f^?;?^  n:it  m.  -h^r^d 


-  ^;~ia0iSt^' 


it*   ■^tv,>#.A-|' 


AfmfiNDIX. 


afked  him  why  he  sent  such  word,  dL«.    He  answer- 


ed,  thftt  it  waH  their  manoer  to  do  so,  that  the 


ley  might 


be  more  welcome  when  they  came  homte. 
was  in  1634. 

10.  Singular  deacf^ttiana.  Dr.  Mather  says  there 
fell  into  his  hands  the  manuscript  of  a  jesnit,  em- 
ployed by  the  French  to  instruct  the  Iroquois  In- 
dians in  religion  ;  m  which  was  "  one  chapter  about 
Heaven,  and  another  about  HbU,  wherein  are  such 
fhiek  9An426(J  passages  as  these."  ^^'Q.  How  is  the 
^oyl  made  in  Heaven9  A.  *Tis  a  \eryfair  aoyl,  they 
/vant  neithier  for  metUa  nor  clothes :  'tis  but  wishing 
ind  we  have  them.  Q.  Are  they  employed  in  Heanf^ 
en9  A.  No ;  they  do  nothing ;  the  fields  yield  conii 
beans,  pumpkins,  and  tlie  like  without  any  tillage.*' 
After  a  few  others  that  amount  to  no  more  or  less,  it 
proceeds  thus  in  the  examination  of  Hell.  "*Qj 
fVhat  sbrt  of  aoyl  is  that  of  hdl?  A.  Avery 
wretched  soyl;  'tis  a  fiery  pit,  in  the  centre  of  the 
earth.  Q.  Hanje  they  any  Ught  in  hell  ?  A.  No. 
Tis  always  dark ;  there  is  always  smoke  there ;  their 
ey«s  are  always  in  pain  with  it ;  they  cr  see  noth- 
ing but  the  devils.  Q.  What  shaped  things  are  the 
dwils  ^  A.  Very  ill  shaped  things ;  they  go  about 
with  vixards  on,  and  they  terrify  men.  Q.  What 
do  they  eat  in  heU9  A.  They  are  always  hungry, 
but  the  damned  feed  on  hot  ashes  and  serpents  there. 
Q.  What  "Her  have  they  to  drink?  A.  Horid  wa- 
ter, nothing  out  melted  lead,  Q^  Don^t  they  die  in  hdlt 
A.  No:  yet  they  eat  one  another,  every  day;  but 
anon,  God  restores  and  renews  the  man  that  was  eat- 
en, as  a  cropt  plant  in  a  little  time  repullulates.' " 
*''  It  seems  they  have  not  thought  this  divinity  too 
gross  for  the  barbarians.  But  I  shall  make  no  re- 
flections on  it."f  i..      - 

•  Winthrop's  Hist.  N.  Eng.  I,  138, 1S6. 
.J  See  Magnalia,  1 ,  521 ,  522. 


%:^!^^^""-^- 1^1..^^'^: 


29* 


■'^?^',:WM 


-./^    ..^■ii.-''.    ^^;  ii.-- ■=:,■.- 


fi^im 


9m 


AnwNnnL 


JtlU^— M4fftAiG£ui  aar  thb  ooitbstockm  oidiami  nrit 

PUNNtTLYANIA.  iU? 

All  almost  uninterrupted  friendship  seems  to  have 
existed  lietween  the  Indians  and  the  inhabitants  of  -, 
Fennsyirania,  until  the  year  1764.    At  this  period 
thie  French  had  stirred  up  the  Indians  in  the-  back 
country,  and  an  Indian  war  commenced. 

About  ten  years  after  that,  when  *^  many,"  says 
Mr.  Proud,  '^  who  had  been  continucLily  flocking  into 
the  province,  in  later  years,  having  from  their  inex- 
perience and  igacranee,  too  despicable  an  opinion 
of  that  people,  and  treating  them  accordingly,  were 
by  this  conduct  foolishly  enraged  against  the  whole 
species  indiscriminately;  insomuch, -that  in  the  lalf 
^er  part  of  J:he  year  17^3,  calling  to  their  aid  the 
madness  of  the  wildest  enthusiasm,  with  which,  un>- 
der  pretence  of  religion,  certain  most  furious  zealots 
among  the  preachers  of  a  aui^'srous  sect,  in  the  pro^ 
vince,  could  inspire  th<>ir  hearers,  to  cover  their  bai^*! 
barity,  a  number  of,  not  improperly  named,  armed 
dmni^iavaf^,  inhabitants  of  Lancaster  county,  prior- 
cipally  from  the  townships  of  Paxtang  aUd  Donnegaly 
and  their  neighbourhood,  committed  the  most  horri- 
ble inassacre,  that  ever  was  heard  of  in  this,  or  per-^ 
haps,  any  other  province,  with  inpunity !  and  under 
the  notion  of  extirpating  the  heathen  from  the  earthy 
as  Joshua  did  of  old,  tlmt  these  saints  might  possess 
the  land  alone,"  (&c.     Thus  begins  the  narrative.    #> 

^*  *  These  Indians  were  the  remains  of  a  tribe  of  the 
Six  Nations,  settled  at  Conestogoe,  and  thence  call- 
ed Conestogoe  Indians.  On  the  first  arrival  of  the 
English  in  Pennsylvania,  messengers  from  this  tribe  « 
came  to*welcome  them,  with  presents  of  venison, 
corn  and  skins ;  and  the  whole  tribe  entered  into  a 
treaty  of  friendship  with  the  first  Proprietary,  Will- 
iam Penn;  which  was  to  la»t  aa  long  aaikt  mm 
ahoM  akine,  cr  the  waters  run  in  the  rimere    ^^^f^'mn^i 


3£^ftk^$iii>l:'iit^<^1i».;L^7^i^''i^.j'f'^i^  .:  .^^'.!i  ;ii.r^Wi':^'l(>.lf''-.  i*-iJ.''^4^.L,  --. 


'"i. 


APi^Dll. 


S4t 


-*.>tJS 


Thii  treaty  has  been  since  frequently  renewed,  and 
th«^  chain  hrii^Uened,  as  they  express  it,  from  time  to 
time.  It  has  never  been  violated  on  their  part,  or 
oars,  till  now.  As  their  lands,  by  degrees,  were 
mostly  purchased,  and  the  settlement  of  the  whilo 
people  began  to  surround  them,  the  Proprietor  as- 
signed them  lands  on  the  manor  of  Conestogoe, 
wnich  they  might  not  part  with ;  there  they  have 
lived  many  yevrs,  in  friendship  with  their  white 
neighbours,  who  loved  them  for  their  peaceable,  in- 
offensive behaviour. 

It  has  always  been  observed,  that  Indians,  settled 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  whitj  people,  do  not  increase, 
but  diminish  continually.  This  tribe  accordingly 
went  on  diminishing,  till  there  remained  in  their 
town,  on  the  manor,  but  twenty  persons,  namely, 
seven  men,  five  women,  and  eight  children,  boys  and 
gkls. 

Of  these,  Shehaes  was  a  very  old  man,  having  as^ 
sisted  at  the  second  treaty,  held  with  them  by  Mr. 
Penn,  in  1701 ;  and  ever  since  continued  a  faithfwl 
frieftd  to  the  EngHsh  ;  he  is  said  to  have  been  an  ex- 
ceeding good  man,  considering  his  education,  being 
naturally  of  a  most  kind,  benevolent  temper. 

This  little  society  continued  the  custom  they  had 
be^un,  when  r^iore  numerous,  of  addressing  every 
new  <}ovemour,  and  every  descendant  of  the  first 
Proprietary,  welcoming  him  to  the  province,  assur- 
ing him  of  their  fidelity,  and  praying  a  continuance 
of  that  favour  and  protection,  which  they  had  hither- 
to experienced.  They  had  accordingly  sent  up  an 
addf>es3  of  this-kind  to  our  present  Govemour  (John 
Penn,  Esquire)  on  his  arrival;  but  the  same  was 
scarce  delivered  when  the  unfortunate  catastrophe 
happened  which  we  are  about  to  relate.  if 

On  Wednesday,  the  14th  of  December,  1763,  U^ 
tyseven  men  from  some  of  our  frontier  townships, 
who  hod  projected  the  destruction  of  this  little  com-' 
mwwveailh  •came  «dl^eU  mounteci,'  and  armed  witli 


^M 


App: 


344 


iirelocki,  hangers  and  hatcheti,  having  travelled 
through  the  country  in  the  night  to  Conestogoe  ma- 
nor. There  they  surrounded  the  small  village  of  In- 
dian huts,  and  ju^t  at  break  of  day,  broke  m  upon 
them  all  at  once.  Only  three  men,  two  women,  and 
a  young  boy  were  found  at  home ;  the  rest  being 
out  among  the  neighbouring  white  people ;  some  to 
sell  their  baskets,  brooms  and  bowls,  they  manufac- 
tured, and  others,  on  other  occasions.  These  poor 
defenceless  creatures  were  immediately  fired  upon, 
stabbed  and  hatcheted  to  death  !  The  fi^ood  She- 
haes,  among  the  rest,  cut  to  pieces  in  his  bed !  All 
of  thviii  were  Bcaipedi  and  otherwise  horribly  mang- 
led, rhen  their  huts  were  set  on  fire,  ind  most  of 
them  burned  down. 

The  Magistrates  of  Lancaster  sent  Out  to  collect 
the  remaining  Indians,  brought  them  into  the  town, 
for  their  better  security  against  any  further  attempt ; 
and,  it  is  said,  condoled  with  them  on  the  misfortune, 
that  had  happened,  took  them  by  the  hand,  and 
promised  th^  protection. 

They  were  put  into  the  workhouse,  a  strong  build- 
ing, as  the  place  of  greatest  safety. 

These  cruel  men  again  assembled  themselves; 
and  hearing  that  the  remaining  fourteen  Indians 
were  in  the  workhouse. at  Lancaster,  they  suddenly 
appeared  before  that  town,  on  the  twentyseventh  of 
December.  Fifty  of  them  arm^d  as  before ;  dis- 
mounting, went  directly  to  the  workhouse,  and  by 
violence  broke  open  the  door,  and  entered  with  the 
utmost  fury  in  their  countenances.  When  the  poor 
wretches  saw  they  had  910  protfiction  nigh,  nor  could 
possibly  escape,  and  being  without  the  least  wea- 
pon of  defence,  they  divided  their  little  families,  the 
children  clinging  to  their  parents ;  they  fell  on  their 
faces,  protested  their  innocence,  declared  their 
love  to  the  English,  and  that,  in  their  whole  lives, 
they  had  never  done  them  injury;  and  in  this  pos- 
ture, they  all  received  the  hatcheti    Men, 


Ml 
in  00 
Th 
fact, 
andd 
try  an 
in  trii 
offun 
The 
outiai 
made 
the  wi( 
lie  on 
derere, 
for  ve 

vours  Q 

6f8  hav 

thajt  di< 

cbtintrji 

speak  Y 

are  unsj 

the  riot< 

Mr.  I 

far  had 

tion,  ani 

people, 

the  writ 

as  nearl; 

that  tim 

did  not  1 

in  it!    ] 

paring  t 

way  thitl 

♦  Sec  hi 
mind  the  \ 

ia  Newei) 

Hftire  mn 
tUiee.] 


•  .r 


APPENDIX. 


345 


fr 


ma  ekildren,  were  every  one  inhomanly  murdered 
in  cold  blood ! 

The  barbarous  meUf  who  committed  the  attrocioui 
fact,  in  defiance  of  ffovemmenv ,  of  all  laws,  human 
and  divine,  and,  to  the  etcMrnal  disgrace  of  their  coun- 
try and  colour,  then  mounted  their  horses,  huzzaed 
in  triumph,  as  if  they  had  gained  a  victory,  and  rode 
off  unmolested !  ^ 

The  bodies  of  the  murdered  were  then  brought 
out,  and  exposed  in  the  street,  till  a  hole  coulobe 
made  in  the  earth,  to  receive  and  cover  them.  But 
the  wickedness  cannot  be  covered,  and  the  guilt  will 
lie  on  the  whole  land,  till  justice  is  done  on  the  mur- 
derers. The  blood  <^  the  irmoceni  voiU  cry  to  fieaven 
for  vengeance- 

Notwithstanding  the  proclamations  and  endea- 
vours of  the  Governour  on  the  occasion,  the  murcler- 
6rs  having  given  out  such  threatenings  againsi  those 
thajt.  disapproved  their  proceedings,  that  the  whole 
country  seems  to  be  in  terror,  and  no  one  durst 
speak  what  he  knows ;  even  the  letters  from  thence 
are  unsigned,  in  which  any  dislike  is  expressed  ot 
the  rioters.'" 

Mr.  Proud*  adds  to  the  above  narral!"^'^, that,  "So 
far  had  the  infection  spread,  which  caused  this  ac- 
tion, and  so  much  had  fear  seized  the  minds  if  the 
people,  or  perhaps  both,  that  neither  the  printer  nor 
the  writer  of  this  publication,  though  supposed  to  be 
as  nearly  connected  as  Franklin  and  Hall  were  &i 
that  time,  and  Inen  of  the  first  character  in  their  way, 
did  not  insert  either  their  names,  or  places  of  abode^ 
in  it !  It  was  printed  while  the  insurgents  were  pre- 
paring to  advance  towards  Philadelphia ;  or  on  their 
way  thither;  it  appeared  to  have  some  effect,  in  pre*" 


•  See  his  Hist.  Pennsylvamft,  I,  930  to  838.  {I  would 
■nnd  the  reader,  that  no  comparison  should  have  been  made, 
in  Wbt  Stf-to  page  147,  between  the  treatment  of  the  IndiaA^ 
iai  Newengland,  and  Pennsylvania ;  for  Mr.  Makin  wrote 
tllbire  any  incterial  difliciilties  had  or  arred  in  tbit  pVO»> 

'.■-/'»i  -     .' •>'^vJL«^^*    *'S     J.«*Ss^-3'%*>..^    ji:jV>f*fe   **W    'SilW-: 


-.i^  1 


Q4t 


APPEPfDIlL 


venting  the  threatened  consequoncei,  by  exciting  on 
exertion  of  endeavours,  in  the  citizens,  for  that  pur- 
piiie ;  and  being  a  relation  of  real  facts,  though  writ 
in  a  hurry,  it  was  never  answered  or  conti  .dieted.^ 

Xy.<^— TROUBLES  WITH  THE  INDIANS  IN  THE  LATE  WAB 

WITH  ENGLAND.  . 

Before  the  declaration  of  war  took  place  between 
America  and  Great  Britain,  the  Indians  along  the 

.  frontiers,  very  much  alarmed  the  inhabitants  by  their 
hostile  appearance.  • 

The  famous  Indian  warriour,  Tecumseh,  had  been 
known  for  his  enmity  to  civilization,  and  utter  aver- 
eion  to  the  white  p'ople,  from  the  time  of  Harmer's 
defeat;  and,  like  the  celebrated  Philip,  had  extend- 
ed his  endeavours,  far  and  wide,  among  the  various 
tribes  of  his  countrymen,  to  unite  them  in  making 
war.  on  the  Americans.  His  eloquence  was  irresista- 
ble,'and  his  success  was  great.  It  is  sufficient  to 
observe,  that  the  English  had  early  engaged  him  in 
their  cause.  Much  was  also  imposed  on  the  ciedu- 
Hty  of  those  people  by  a  brother  of  Tecumseh,  wlio 
professed  the  spirit  of  prophecy,  and  the  art  of  con- 
juration ;  in  the  exercise  of  which,  much  was  effect- 
ed. He  was  known  by  the  name  of  "  The  Prophet." 
In  1811,  Governour  Harrison  of  Indiana,  met  a 
large  number  of  chiefs  at  Vtncennes,  to  confer  about 
the  state  of  affairs.  Tecumseh  appeared  there,  to 
remonstrate  against  the  sale  of  certa|j[n  lands,  made 
by  the  Kickapoos  and  others.  In  a  speech  of  great 
eloquence,  he  urged  the  wrongs  of  his  countrymen, 
by  the  encroachments  of  the  whites,  of  which  he 
ffave  a  faithful  histpry.  In  the  Governour^s  answer, 
he  advanced  something  which  Tecumseh  thought,  or 

vperhaps  knew  to  be  wrong.    At  which  he  raised  his 

-tomahawk,  and  twenty  or  thirty  others  followed  his 
Example.     But  Harrison  had  taken  the  precaution  to 

"have  a  suf9icient  force  at  hand,  which  prevented  ^y 
acts  of  violence.     This  broke  up  the  confereQCiey 
war  was  soon  exi>ected  to  follow. 


the  y 
alarn 

3000 
arrivi 
were 
and  b 
plund 
night, 
encan 
his  pn 
Gover] 
^noam 
camp  ' 
battle 
at  len^ 
victory 
riours  £ 
of  the 
an  eiig 
ed.     M 
without 
valuabl 
ed;  Col 
Joseph 
White, 
MahoH; 
^n  1 
For  the 
of  the 
on  foot  ( 
der  Ger 
above  n 
camped 
were  dis 
broke  oi 

great  arn 
e  could 
forded  fc 


APPJBNDIX. 


347 


BaUk  itf  Timtecanoe.  Toward  the  latter  eod  of 
the  year  1811,  the  appearance  of  the  Indiani  was  ao 
alarming,  that  Guv.  Harrison,  with  an  army  of  about 
3000  men,  marched  into  the  Indian  country.  On 
arriving  within  a  mile  of  the  Prophet*!  town,  they 
were  met  bv  a  number  of  chiefs,  who  sued  for  peace, 
and  begged  for  their  lives.  Harrison  demanded  the 
plunder  taken  fron)  the  Americans.  It  being  near 
night,  6  November,  thev  requested  the  army  ) 
encamp,  and  in  the  mornmg,  they  would  accede  to 
his  proposals.  The  intrigue  was  mistrusted,  and  the 
Governour  drew  up  his  army  in  order  of  battle,  and 
encamped  for  the  night.  About  four  o'clock  their 
camp  was  attacked  with  ffreat  impetuosity,  and  the 
battle  was  for  some  time  doubtful  and  bloody  But 
at  length,  the  Indians  were  overpowered,  and  the 
victory  was  complete.  About  300  of  their  war* 
riours  strewed  the  ground  of  battle.  The  behaviour 
of  the  Americans,  many  of  whom  had  never  seen 
an  engagement  befire,  cannot  be  too  much  applaud* 
ed.  When  the  battle  began,  each  took  his  post 
without  noise,  and  with  calmness.  Their  loss  in 
valuable  officers  was  severe :  They  were  these ;  kill- 
ed. Col.  Abraham  Owens,  the  Governour's  aid ;  Col. 
Joseph  H.  Davies,  a  very  eminent  lawyer;  Col. 
White,  Capt.  Warrick,  Capt.  Spencer,  Lieut.  iit«< 
Mahoh;  Lieut.  Berry,  and  Capt.  Bean^  |.' 

An  ExpeditioH  agmnst  the  Western  IndioM.-^ 
For  the  purpose  of  driving  Che  hostile  Indiiuis  out 
of  the  limits <of  the  U.  States,  an  expedition  was 
on  foot  early  in  October,  consisting  of  4000  men  un- 
der Gen.  Hopkins.  After  relieving  fort  Harrison, 
above  mentioned,  he  crossed  the  Wabash  and  en< 
camped  but  few  miles  distant.  Here  discouteftts 
were  discovered  among  the  soldiers,  which  very  soon 
broke  out  into  open  disobedience  of  orders.  This 
great  armv  was  composed  of  raw  militia,  of  which  lit- 
tle could  be  expected ;  and,  bat  for  the  assistance  af- 
forded fort  Harrison,  the  expedition  would  have  been 


,.  * ' 


MtM 


8 


AfraKIHX. 


fendtfed  entirely  aborfive.  A  eeftidn  Bfa^ftV  %><ie 
up  to  tlw  Gdneral,  and  with  great  author!^  of  «■- 
prem6n,  ttoainuuided  him  to  retonn.  SeetM  the 
•fate  of  his  meiiy  the  General  told  then,  ttat  if  500 
would  aecoiBpattf  hii%  he  would  proce^^d  in  queft 
of  the  enemy  I  fciut  not  a  man  would  turn  out.-  He 
then  requested  them  to  let  him  have  the  direction 
for  a  single  day ;  to  which  they  assented.  He  then 
put  himself  at  their  head,  and  ordered  them  to 
march;  but  they  filed  off  in  a  contrary  direction^ 
and  marched  off  to  fort  Harrison;  and  the  General 
followed  in  the  rear.  At  their  encampmeat  in  a 
great  prairie  beyond  the  Wabash,  the  grass  was  dis- 
covered to  be  on  fire,  and  driven  by  a  fierce  wind 
directly  toward  their  camp.  Thb  was  an  Indian 
trap.  But  the  Americans  set  fire  to  the^rass  aboat 
them,  and  were  thereby  delivered  from  a  formidable 
onset  by  the  flames.  The  same  ofiicer,  afterward 
performed  a  successful  expedition  against  the  In- 
dians. :.,4^;^P;-*; 

J(0mr  qf  the  river  Maieim.  Out  of  sympathy  for 
the  mhalntants  of  Fren^town,  who  were  threatened 
with  un  Indian^  massacre,  an  imprudent  step  was 
taken  by  the  Americans;.  Gen.  Winchester  had  ta- 
ken post  at  the  rapids,  when  he  received  a  pressing 
request  firom  those  inhabitants,  for  his  protection. 
Accordingly,  he  despatched  Col.  Lewis  with  300 
men  for  tneir  relief.  Oi»his  arrival,  he  foand  the 
Indians  already  in  possession  of  tlie  place,  but  he  at- 
tacked them  in  their  works,  and  drove  them  from  the 
place,  and  encamped  on  the  same  ground.  Two 
days  after,  30  December,  Gen.  Winchester  arrived 
with  the  main  army.  Their  force  now  consisted  of 
750  men.  These  opemtions  went  on  without  the 
knowledge  of  Genv  Hafrisoii,  the  commander  in  chief, 
whose  knowledge  of  the  situation  of  the  country, 
convineed  him*  of  their  extreme  danger.  FreiicB^ 
town  is  situated  only  26  miles  fi-om  Maiden,  a  strong 
British  post^  of  a  superioiar  force  to  the  AmencMM» 


^APPENDIX. 


d49 


of 
uef, 


«g 


knd  llMr  litihtt^  1^  were  covered  wilb  solid 
ice.  It  wa»  also  70  miles  from  any  Ameriean 
pta^e,  fnm  whence  they  could  exjpect  supplies. 
Their  situation  did  not  escape  the  notice  of  the  Brit- 
ish. Col.  Proctor,  with  600  English  and  above 
1000  Indians  under  the  two  Indian  chiefs,  Splitlog 
and  Roundhead,  appeared  before  their  camp  at  day 
break,  on  the  22  January,  1813,  and  imraedkately 
began  the  attack.  The  Americans'  works  not  being 
large  enough  to  contain  their  small  force,  150  were 
posted  without.  The  numbers  of  the  enemy  enabled 
him  to  dispose  of  hia  force,  as  to  cut  off  ill  means  of 
retreat.  The  attack  was  first  made  on  those  without 
the  fort,  who  were  soon  forced  to  give  way.  Tliey 
iled  across  the  river,  and  were  pursued  by  the  ene- 
my, and  out  to  pieces.  One  hundred  men,  in  two 
companies,  left  the  works,  and  went  over  to  their  as- 
sistance, and  shared  the  same  horrid  fate.  General 
Winchester  and  Col.  Lewis,  in  some  manoeuvre,  we/e 
taken  prisoners.  The  lit%.  army  now  in  possession 
of  the  pickets,  maintaini^  the  unequal  fi^ht  until  U 
of  the  clock,  when  Gen.  Winchester  capitulated  for 
them.  It  was  particularly  stipulated  that  the  wound- 
ed should  be  protected  from  the  savages.  The 
army  still  consisted  of  upwards  of  500  men,  aiid  not 
until  a  flag  had  passed  three  times  would  they  con- 
sent to  surrender.  But  knowing  their  situation 
to  be  desperate,  they  consented  under  assurance 
from  the  British  officer,  that  their  lives,  and  proper- 
ties should  be  protected.  We  shall  now  see,  with 
what  faith  the  semi  barbarian,  Proctor,  acted.  No 
sooner  had  this  brave  band  submitted,  than  they  saw 
what  was  to  follow.  The  tomahawk  antl  scalping 
knife  were  indiscriminately  employed  among  the 
dea4  and  wounded ;  officer's  side  arms  were  wrest- 
ed from  them,  and  many  stript  and  robbed.  About 
^0  wounded  Americans  strewed  the  battlie  ground, 
Who,  by  the  kindness  of  the  inhabitants  were  remov- 
ed into  houses.    But  horrid  to  tell,  the  next  day  H 

30 


->  St 


V 


I    >M|i|l|illl*«<H1 


NVMiWUMM 


960 


APPfiNillX. 


body  of  those  savages  were  permitted  to  return,  and 
after  scalping  and  murdering  to  their  content,  se< 
fire  to  the  town|  and  all  were  buried  beneath 'the 
conflagration,  except  a  few  that  could  travel,  who 
were  marched  into  the  wilderness. 

litferice  of  fort  Meiga,  General  Harrison  had 
established  nis  head  quarters  at  Franklintown,  previ- 
ous to  the  battle  of  the  river  Raisin,  for  the  greater 
facility  of  transmitting  orders,  ^.c,  to  the  different 
posts.  After  that  aflkir  took  place,  he  concentrated 
his  forces,  consisting  of  1200  men,  at  the  Rapids^ 
and  there  threw  up  a  fort,  which,  in  honour  of  the 
Goyernour  of  Ohio,  was  called  fort  Meigs^  .The  ene- 
flpy  made  their  appearance  about  the  Id"  April,  and 
soon  after,  began  to  construct  batteries  on;  the  op- 
posite side  of  the  river.  But  in  this  bufl^lss  they 
proceeded  slowly,  from  the  annoyance  of  f^t  Meigs, 
and  were  obliged  to  perform  their  .labours  in  the 
night.  They  at  length  succeeded  in  erecting  two 
batteries  of  heavy  cannon,  and  a  mortar.  These  be- 
gan furiously  to  play  upon  the  American  worLi,  but 
were  several  times  silenced.  Proctor  sent  an  inso- 
lent summons  to  Harrison,  to  surrender ;  he  returned 
an  answer  according  as  it  merited.  The  siege  was 
continued,  and  the  Indians  from  the  tops  of  the  trees 
fired  into  the  fort  and  killed  several  men.  General 
Harrison  now  received  information,  that  two  regi- 
ments from  Ohio,  which  were  expected,  were  near 
at  hand.  He  des]ll*ched  orders  to  their  General 
for  a  party  to  attack  the  enemy's  works  at  one  point, 
while  a  party  from  the  fort,  should  act  simultaneous- 
ly on  another  part.  Eight  hundl'ed  men  under  Col. 
Duclley  of  the  Ohio  men,  and  another  body  under 
Col.  Miller,  were  immediately  in  motion.  Col.  Dud- 
ley led  his  men  up  in  the  face  of  the  enemy's  cannon, 
and  every  battery  was  carried,  almost  in  an  instant, 
and  the  British  and  .Indians  fled  with  ^T-nt  precipi- 
tation. These  fugitives  were  met  by  a  I  rge  I  )o^ly  of 
Indians  under  Gen.  Tccumseh.    Thit  famcug  war* 


L^^fii^Lu^i^ s:^:^ ^■'^\  J:iJt^j!4.i.'^iii£^-.L,\'i^x:>..~i-;j  jL^y  ■-....i>^„«i*iL<>Vj&&^.i. 


'•■••'  '■''»'^"  '^i'ma^mit': 


SKd  wfi^«  fhef,"Z"  'opM-^ue.  formed  a„ 
men  were  so  elated  at  tLf'^P™'"''-    ^ol.  Dndlev'g 

•elves  .ute:d''bT^re'''""^<''»4'^"»''& 
«  Kaisin,  lor  T<»rii».««k  •'       *»  «»nerent  from  fh»* 
■    S^«4  »««eS^t„:?^f-«'  ^'  "•«  '5^e^ 

ewet  dead  at  h  s  feet  fcV^  •  ?  •  "e  even  laid  a 
The  J^l«»ented  Dudley  ^  "'"'"»  i"  """  «f- 
camp  with  upwards  ofAn^  •      cannon,  returned  to 

yoghan,  Todd,  John«,„    I  J"''«'"«''od  names  of 
darj;  and  Bntler  wmT„  '  ^.''«*i<=k.  RitzenTs^ 

«hett  being  left  open  To  .ht/"'":*'^  d^^gardedX 

wrtL^'  *'''S  "The  ivar  bJfoS  r  '"  "^'J'  "^'"ted 
cb  K^  T  *"'"'•  fttherJave  tb.'£?T'"«  '^  «■»■ 
deft  fc"""  <=''ie<fCe  aHve  TJ!!  '^ ''"  '^-l 

-•*'--bH„,o„rS:lttHrplae^:rj^^ 


S62 


A^PC^NDIX. 


did  so.  You  |>romi8ed  to  take  elif«  (^  them,  and, 
tliat  they  should  want  for  nothing.  Our  ahifm  ha!ve 
gone  one  way,  affd  we  are  very  much  astooished' to 
see  our  father  [Proctor]  tying  up  every  thing,  and 
preparing  to  ruii  away  the  other.  You  always  told 
us  you  never  could  draw  your  foot  off  British  ground ; 
but  now,  father,  we  see  you  are  drawing  back  with- 
out seeing  theenemy.  We  must  compare  our  fa^ 
ther*s  conduct  to  a  fat  animal,  that  carries  his  tai)  on 
his  back,  but  when  affrighted,  drops  it  between  its 
legs  and  runs  off."  lliis  though  a  few  detached  para- 
graphs, will  se^'ve  to  give  some  acquaintance  with 
the  great  chief.  Proctor,  ailer  considerable  manoeu- 
vring, was  unable  to  escape  with  all  ftis  baggage,- 
being  haid  pressed  by  Harrison  in  every  ^|ticve  up 
the  Tltunes^  At  length  die  twc  iurmies  lasi  in  the 
vicinity  of  ths  Moravian  towns,  5  October  1813,  and 
ft  fierce  battle  was  fought.  -Tecumseh^s  Indians 
were  in  possession  of  a  thick  wood,  who,  Vvi&  the 
British  regulars,  had  formed  their  line  of  battle,  oa 
advantageous  ground.  Gen.^i9arri8on,  with  l]us  aids, 
Com.  Perry,  Capt.  Butler,  and  Oen.  Cass,  led  the 
front  line,  while  Col.  Johnson,  with  the  mounted  men., 
was  Ordered  to  charge  at  Aill  speed,  tshid  htetiik  their 
line.  They  were  immediately  in  motion,  and  thoii^ 
the  horses  recoiled  on  receiving  the  ftr^^  of  the  Brit- 
ish and  Indians,  yet,  it  was  momentary,  and  their  tm" 
petuosity  bore  down  all  before  them.  The  enemy^d' 
lihe  was  broken  in.<in  instant  and  jFohnson's  mount- 
ed men  were  formed  on  their  rear,  and  poured  in  a 
i;'emendous  fire  upon  them.  The  British  officers 
hnding  it  in  vain  to  rally  again  at  this  point,  surren- 
dered. A  body  of  savages  under  Tecumseh,  still 
disputed  the  ground,  and  Col.  Johnson  fell,  in  the 
thickest  of  the  fight,  almost  covered  with  wounds. 
Tecumseh  in  person  flew  towards  him,  with  his  toma- 
hawk raised,  to  give  him  the  fatiil  blow.  Jobhson, 
though  faint  from  loss  of  blood,  hnd  strength  to  draw 
and  laid  Tecumseh  dead  at  his  feei* 


1^. 


''*f'- 


At»P£NDIX, 


Iraw 


When  the  mighty  chief  fell,  the  Indians  dl  left  the 
groufid.  At  another  point,  a  division  attempled  toi 
make  an  impression  upoii  the  American.  iiifimtry,l>ui 
the  venerable  Gov.  Shelby  (one  of  the  heroes  of 
King^s  mountain)  supported  them  lyith  another  regi- 
ment, and  the  enemy  were  immediately  routed. 
The  hottest  of  the  fight  was  where  Tecumseh  and 
Johnson  f^^ll.  Thirty  Indians  and  six  Americans  lav 
within  a  few  yards  of  the  spot.  Proctor  lied  witli 
great  precipitation,  but  his  carriage  was  taken  witk 
all  bis  papers,  and  even  his  sword.  Eight  pieces  of 
artillei'y  were  taken,  six  of  which  were  brass.  Three 
of  these  were  trophies  of  the  revolution,  which  were 
surrendered  by  Hull.  The  Americans  had  not  above 
50  killed  and  wounded.  Of  the  British  600  were  ta;-^ 
ken  prisonerf^rand  70  kiUgd  and*  wounded,  and  upr 
wards  of  a  hundred  Indians  were  left  on  the  field^t 
Thus  ended  the  Indian  wars  in  the  west.  The^ 
combination  was  now  entirely  broken  up,  and  th^' 
frontier  settlements,  which  for  a  long  time  had  ei^', 
iored  all  the  horrours  of  Indian  barbarities,  were,  jn 
HHne  degree,  liberated^  ^ 


80* 


FINIS. 


wit 


:V 


iSlsJi^S-iH^*'*'  S"-"  ■'u-i-f^"..<:<-ri--'--f'¥^  '■' 


h.. 


.rp. 


;■■».-.     ■> 

n,.        ■■■•■<■  -J- .' 


./.It 


•  ■••'■A  C'^'<-'^f^^--  ^iv*  ^?H'^^.  ^''^#  ^■*:'"'^0^<^^^.,. 


.*i-t^--t :,4;';Qiv VMS'' '■  ■■ . "':'  ^■'*^:.- (i:.K,«.:--,v::,  *<»•-■-  ,,:5i.- .,*t  :A^sirm 


H>^ 


■imt'-m4,m-' 


^mr^ 


-':JJ. 


;lfcKas.».*fT*!|" 


1^  ,iy'9m-^- 


4^.' 


ADDITIONAL  NOTES  AND  CORRECTIONS,    v 

On  page  xr,  a  note  should  have  followed  the  word  .Hin'd- 
itMm,  aAd  n^ention  made,  that  Hyreania  ii  now  the  method 
0f  Writing  the  name  of  that  i.ncieilt  country  ;  and,  tk.>4  W 
counie,  the  adiective  would  diLT'^r  ftrom  that  used  in  the  u-xi. 

On  page  *M,  the  citfttbh  "Magnalia,  II,  486,"  in  lint*  « 
and  7  Irom  top  of  notei)  i^iloald  bave  followed  the  precet  ujg 
nentence. 

'On  page  5,  Hne  5,  from  bottoi:t>  of  text>  r<^ad  Deiiano  ioe 
Delano. 

On  xf'^.m  IH,  note  1,  in  the  word  Malapoiteit  the  ArtitW 
should  be  doubled.  ,     .*• 

Oe  pagt)  300,  line  vfl^  from  bottom  of  text,  reail  Amei^isco- 
gen  for  ;fK!iere«*iiogen. 

0«  ptigp  SI85,  ii'v.  4,  froiutop  of  text,  read  John  BroVi'n 
for  Jos.  firnwu.'.         .-r-m  :'J^%^.:}^  ^ ■■^^■^■' 

Tb6u§i>  in  the  v'^^  crtf ':  •  t  tras  pviinted  as  I  glre  it,  yet,  the 
same  nergcri  is  meant;  i  ikink,.$i&  on,  page  352,  line  d>  I'fom 

toport^xt. 'v-    ■  '^    V-  'V'^^i-     .     ,^  -^-^ 

On  page  2B9,  6i;tj£«?  out  tfce  w6tcii  j^mmu  to  this  (M^, 
fr«m  hne  8,  ta^m  bottom  of  teStt.  ,  -i 

The  Jate  uppcarance  of  Judge  Dftvis'  edition  of  "  Mot" 
ton's  Memorial,''  prevented  my  profiting  in  time  from  his  in- 
vamable  inl'dnnation  on  Philip's  war  j  and,  lean  only  refer 
the  reader  to  Ijitt  book,  where,  though,  as  he  says  of  another, 
^  he  *tfay  have  aimounced  mate  thsAh  witt  b*  discefn**^,"  yfeti 
it  will  not  be  less  interesting  to  ali^-^Thottgh  my-limits  hfM 
very  ^mrrow,  I  cannot  close  this  note,  without  reminding  the 
reader,  that  the  manner  of  tbe  death  of  AtiNiilnder,  as  relat- 
ed in  mf  notes,  is  incorrect.  It  i>ppcais  from  the  honourable 
author  j' ist  mentioned,  that  no  Cotnpulsive  means  were  used 
or  necessary,  to  make  him  visit  Flymcuth,  but  that  he  went 
there  cheerfuilvj  and  left  on  friendly  terms  to  return  home  5 
but  in  3  or  9  days,  something  called  him  that  way  again, 
and  he  was  taken  sick  at  Maj.vVinslow's  house,  from  whence 
hts  was  conveyed  home,  and  died  soon  after. — The  cite  of  the 
great  8w;%mp  fi^ht  at  Narraganset,  the  Judge  thinks  is 
wronglj'  stated  in  this  history,  with  respect  to  its  distance 
from  the  south  fen-y ;  and,  thai  17  miles  would  compare  bet-* 
ter  ih^n  7.  Mr.  Hoyt  agrees  with  Church,  and  I  nave  rM 
had  opportunity  to  satisfy  myself.      ,      ,.  ,, 

.u':  ^ -isS*.?!-' S^*  -Sl^Jf  ni?^^*^' 

Little  time  has  been  four  "*  *^o  compare  and  examfi^''.  i^r     ' 
rourSf  which  will  unavcit-'      7  appear   too  numerc   > 
work^f  this  kind  ^  in  pa.,  .w^tion,  in  particular,  \    > 
gr«t«d,  tk^t  they  are  so  prevalent  ,.^  i 


.f' 


;!*-y 


re- 


W,j^». 


-.--J.f'-- 


[9551 


«AJ.'i'', 


■•    V  ■  r^si^'j  !,  'TV  .■*.,!   it,'.,:? 


« 


INDEX. 


!^i 


the 
tlat- 
ible 


mce 


?. 


■ft?t 


'  Ik  the  ibilowinf  Ind«s,  loaie  exidttBatiom  may  b«  wutinf ,  m  U  AMhu 
iipom  works  of  thu  kiud  in  general.  AH  Indian  names  of  places  are  givMi ; 
but  places  haYing  only  an  BngUsh  name,  are  not  ^ven,  onless  they  have 
been  noted  for  some  depredation,  or  havinff  theur  situations  described. 
And  as  every  eireumstance  in  a  histinry  may  be  found  by  an  Indas  dfpro* 
per  names,  it  rram  thought  needkM  to  name  them,  as  it  only  increases  pro- 

Asaawomaet  27*09. 
Asuhmequin  188, 184,  l86, 141.  < 
Aubert  carries  oiTnatiras  887. 
Aug«r  Lieut.,  killed  814. 
Awashonks  21  to  87,  87/79to8l& 
86to92,  111. 

B. 

Baker  Thomas  190. 
Baker  Lieut.,  killed  S75» 
Barlow's  Columbiad  iv,  46, 

Bams 108. 

Barrow  Sam  lift,  119 

Baxter 40 

Bean  Cap.,  kUled  847. 


Acushnet^B. 

Adams*  Hist.  NewetM.  80, 82, 49, 68. 
Adams  President  John  151. 
Adams  Samiiel  xii. 
AddingtMi  Isaac  187,  217,  981. 
Agaraentidos  24 
Agawom  89, 119, 144,  206. 
Agincourt  battle  86||> 
Ahkompoin,  Philip's  uncle,killecl  110. 
Albemarl  Duke  of  207.  (238. 

Alden  Cap.  John  198, 197,  201,288, 
AkHen  John  ^7. 
Alden  William  22$. 
AMerman  47,  kills  Philip  126. 
Alexander  dies  18,  184, 148. 
Allen's  Biog.  Diet,  rn,  xv    24,  ?S, 

81,  88, 188,  ^  45, 160,  '2,  '6, 207 
AHen  Samuel  181. 
Alkn  Thomas  181. 
.^yllerton  John  297. 
Allerton  Mr.  Isaac  297. 
Almy  Cm.  John  18,  41^. 
Andover220. 

J^:idro8  Cl...  piahia  194  ^1,  204. 
Androscoggin  184,  IdB 
Andros  Sur  Ed^nuind  "  'iv,  ISO, 

162,  \5'  104,  H  ^^   ifiO. 
Annawen  ziv,  K  •)  124,  127,  129, 


Beard 


killed  U8. 


l&i. 


181, 182, 1^.   ihi,  lU,  1^,  ta^Bliss  Mr 

ken  188,  put  to  death  146. 
Annnawon*B  rock  186. 
Apona,!^<)  .set  60,  61,  96, 100. 
Appletoa  Mai.  Samuel  6d,  67, 
Aquetneck  19. 

Ariowsike  168, 169,  827     *^<'»" 
A/rubawikwabemt  SS^. 


Beers  Cw.,  killad  64. 

Belcher  Cap.  Andrew  62,  268. 

Belcher  Mr.,  wounded  88. 

Bellomont  CU>v.  250. 

Belknap's  Amer.  Biog.  zv,  24,8^ 

184,  287,  '8,  '9,  298,  '4,  299,  800. 
Belknap's  Hist.  N.  H.  xiu,  21, 162, 

161, 164»  186, 187, 208,860, 2B4> 

289,  315,  331. 
fie  met  S<»rgeant  67. 
B-nython  Can.  811. 
B  -ry  Lteui.,' killed  847. 
BiilL.gton  John  29?. 
Blin  Cap.  827.  ^ 

"    A.  ISa 

Boad 226. 

Bomazeen  829^  kilM  880. 
Bourne  Cap.  3i28. 
Bowen  Peter  387^  888. 
Bozman's  Hist.  177.  i 

Bracket  Cap.  W»,  191*  224,23t>,  7 


4 

-if 


■1 


urnuKot  w^r.  ivj%  av-i  iuA-a,  «««*, 

Bradford  Maj.  80:  55.  84,  85,  'JO. 


t^7i*" 


356 


INDEY 


BniSari  Mr.  Wn.  290,  aiM,  296, 

297, 800,  801,  802. 
BradstrMt  Ck>T.  152, 167. 
Bratoo  Stephwi  197. 
Brewster  Mr.  William  297. 
Brid«o\.    dr  26. 

Bridgway  Jannan  228,  229, 290.    - 
B'itterige  Richard  296,  297. 
Broclcbank  Cap.,  killed  70. 
Brookfield68. 

Brown  Cap.  John  252,  281. 
Brown  Mr.  James  27, 29,  81. 
Brown  P«Ur  297. 
Bolkley  Oershom  62. 
Bull's  mrrison  57.' 
Bump  John  144.   " 
Butter  Cap.  861,  862. 

e. 

CalePs  Hist,  witchcraft  196,  220. 
Canonchet  73,  taken  107,  killed  106. 
Canonicus,  killed  104. 
Canton  Corporal,  token  284. 
Carver   Gov.   John  188,  296,  297, 

29S,  di«s  801,  802. 
Carver's  Travels  21. 
Castine  Baron  De  St.  162, 164,  165, 

176,  219,  226,  233,  261. 
Caughnowaga,  818. 
Cawley  Robert  226,  228. 
Chamberlain  John  884. 
Champlain  Cap.  220.    - 
Chelmsford  64. 

Chesly 812. 

Chignecto  228,  2^. 

Chilton  James  297. 

Chubb  Cap.  219,  kiUed  229. 

Chubb  Sergeant,  killed  826. 

<>hurch  Benjamin  yii. 

Church  Deac.  Bon|.  xii. 

Church  Charles  »i. 

Church  Caleb  xi,  197.        [874,  261. 

Church  Cap,  Constant  xi,  251,  267, 

(Jfautoh  Edward  xii,  252,  281. 

Church  Joseph  xi. 

Church  Thomas  xi. 

Clark  Cap.  Wm.  258. 

Clark  Gov.  168. 

Clark  Lieut   169. 

Clark  Richard  297. 

Clark's  garrison  72,  96. 

Clark's  island  299. 

CliAtuD  Hon.  De  Witt  68. 

Coehaoo  161,  814. 

Coddiugton  Gov.  Wot.  88. 

Colo  Col.  B.  889,840. 


^ 


pole  Cap.  JaiMa  252,  2^,  26|. 


'*  J 


Coiman  Dr.  Benjamin  iv. 
Conestogoe  massacre  842  to  845. 
Conscience,  taken  149. 
Contooceok  817,  887.  £'7  '8. 

Converse  Cap.  James  189, 192, 194, 

gook  Cap.  John  262,  '7,  274«  281. 
oorElisha  160 
Cook  Francis  297. 
Co9k  John  101. 
Cousins  Isaac,  killed  814. 
Crackston  John  296,  297. 
r'ranfield  Gov.  186. 
Cranston  Gov.  John  88,  89,  52. 
Groghan  Geo.  861. 

Cross ,  killed  814. 

Cudworth  Mai.  80,  85,  86,  87. 
Curwin  Jonathan  221. 
Cushnet  96.      <^ 

D. 

D'Aillebout  318. 

Danforth  Gov.  1S$,  160,  IM. 

Dartmouth  60^  61. 

D'Aubri  Nicholai  187. 

Davenport  Cap.,  killed  58. 

Davies  Col.,  killed  847. 

Davis  Cap.  Suvahus  160,  168. 

D'Caliers  820.  ,  . 

Deborahud  226.  *? 

Deerfield  64,  248ir  821.  '•^* 

Domuot,  187. 

Deonison  Cap.  56,  64,  73,  107 

germer  Cap.  Thbmas  801. 
'Frontenac  Count  224.  280. 
Dillano  -: —  101  to  105. 
D'Mantel818. 
D'Monts  220. 
Doney  184, 186. 190. 
Dorey  Edward  296,  297. 
Doughiss'  Hist.  42,  61,   62,  74,  98, 

1^,  146,  246,  256,  259,  271,  277, 

284,  286. 
Drake  Sir  Francis  287. 
Dubois  282,  2tl. 

Dudley  Col.,  killed  361.  [266,  286. 
Dudley  Gov.  Joscj  h  260,  261,  258. 
Dudley  Thomai  162,  249. 
Dustan  Mrs.  Hannah  815  to  317 
Dwight  Dr.  146,  806. 
Dyer  0«^.  John  252, 
D^Young  261. 

E. 

r.arl  Ralph  61, 52. 
iaXon  Francis  297. 
lEiee  Sergeant  209. 
Edmunds  Ca|ii  52, 176. 


■fc.» 


i^ 


281. 


;7J* 


-1^^  Wf'-'^- 


.■••:  A 
'■')♦. 


¥* 


INDEX. 


S6t 


Cap.  SI,  61. 
Eliot  Rar.  John  11. 
Eliot  Gap.  John  816,  817. 
Eliot'a  Biog.  Dictiooury  18,  61, 14S, 

160,  108,  119, 181, 107, 118. 
Eliot  Bohert208. 

Endecott  Cap.  a06,  806.  [11. 

Eagliah,  probable  numbenofin  1675, 
En^ish  Tliomaa  297. 

Farmer  and  More'a  CoUectiona 

108,  257,  296,  881,885,  386,  888. 
Fallriver  xv,  48. 
Feniald  William  106. 
FiTenations  68. 
Fletcher  Mceea  296, 197. 
Fogland  ferry  42. 
Forbes  William  101, 209,  215. 
Forefathers'  do^r  890. 
Forefathers*  rock  800. 
Frontenac  Gov.  22^  180. 
Frost  Cap.  818, 
Frost  Major  206»806 
4|l|i<^ye  Cap.  James  884. 
Tryer  Cap.  Nathaniel  106, 206. 
Frye  Re?.  Mr.  880,  wounded  ^4. 
Fuller  Cap.  86  to  89. 
F^llam  Sergeant,  kilM  184. 
FuUer  Edward  197. 
f  oiler  Mr.  Samuel  897. 

a 

Gage  Gen.  290. 

CMlop  Cap.  killed  58. 

Gallop  Cm.  John  804,  805. 

Gai^iner  Cap.  killed  58. 

Gardiner  Richard  196. 

George  21,  79.  [211 

Gidney  Col.  Bartholomew  196, 120, 

Gilea  Lieut.  271. 

Giir  Mr.  82,88. 

Goff  General  54,  55. 

Golding  Cap.  45,  46, 120,  to  123. 

Gol<i  island  4b. 

Goodman  John  297. 

Gorham  Cap.  John  221,  247,  252, 

256,  262,  270, 5^3,  ?79,  281. 
Gorton  Rev.  Soimuel  28,  104. 
Gosnodd  Bartholomew  287. 
GouraanMons.  260,268,  '. 

267,  268, 270,  288. 
Groon  island  267. 
GrenviPo  Sir  Richard  28?. 
Oruv:«M<i.  -^^  191. 

H. 


Badley  108.       ^J*" 

il«liftx  fort  214*''^^^ 


Hall  Cap.  NathuM  166,  168,  17», 
Hammond  WilliMiy  kHled  881.  [ITl. 
Hancamagus  186. 
Hauno  zv. 

Harman  Ciq^.  ^,  81B,  819,  810 
Harradon  Cap.  John  166,  W. 
Harrison  Om.  846,  847,  860. 
Harris*  Hist.  Dorchester  178. 
Hatch  Cap.  206^ 
Hatfield  56. 
Havens  Jack  86,  90. 
Hawkins  186^  187,  188,  l94. 
Hawthorne  Joh^i  161,  196,  Hi,  Ifl^ 

239,241,142.  ^ 
Haxelton  Charles  11, 
Henchman,  Cap.  47>  51, 68. 
HiU  Cap.  2ri4. 
Hilton  Mai.  Winthrop,  killed  287* 

168, 170, 173, 274, 179, 181, 184. 
Hinkley  Gov.  Thomo  19, 168, 160^ 

160,180,1811 
Hohnes'  Amer.  Annals  xii,  11^  84^ 

49,  54,  55,  69,  70, 96,  MS,  I8|,' 

160, 161,  158, 177.  807, 170, 176, 

287,289,290,294,106. 
Honey  wel  Lieut.  108,186. 
Hook  Francia  206, 
Hopkins  Gen.  847. 
Hopkins  Mr.  I^tophsn  94, 197. 
Rowland  Isaac  89,  I9t«,  91, 114. 
Howland  Jabez  88,  ft^  114, 118, 117 

131, 148. 
Howlaad  John 89, 174, 197. 
Hqyt'i  Researches  m^  68,  864. 
Hubbard's  Narrative  xiv,  20,  ?1,  22, 

27,  28,  30,  32,  34,  85,  36,  i»T,  80, 
43,  47,  49,  52,  54,  55,  5b,  67, 
63.  69,  78,  91,  106,  T«9,  110, 
112,  114,  117,  118,  124,  126, 
134, 189, 142, 144, 146, 148,  14^, 
166. 196,  201,  209, 228,  303, 800. 
311,  814, 330, 

Hubbard  Roy.  Wm.  xiv. 
Hucki-i^gs  Mrs.  187,  188. 
Hudib.as  24. 
Hunt  Cap.  28S,  289, 801. 
Hunter  Cap.  49. 
Hutchinson  Maj.  201. 
Hutchinmv  Cap.  36,68. 
Hutchinsoii"^.^  History  iii.  xiii,  xir^  80, 

28,  29, 8(  •  31,  32, 34,  86,  8'.*,  49, 
60,  68,  6b,  74,  9#.  IO8,  120,  168 
184, 185, 145,  t4;i,  164, 163^  iW 
178,  220,  n\  UB,  2M,  18^  341, 
166,  265, 1.^7^  178,  tM^  186,  W^ 

^■4m^!^^     296,818.  '  4,^-,— 

<i*ijf"*-,*,  Hyroania  r'T,  864.  ^'- ■ 


185, 


.i4^i. 


■•  )**-■:. '-^ir' 


-■  •      •  ?■'■: 


^58  INDEX. 


I. 

loMraol  Lkut.  814. 
Indian  bridg*  894>  837. 
IndioM.  aomlMr  of  in  1078.  80 
Iriih  Mra.  ^t. 
Iroquois  884. 

J. 

JaquM  Lieut.  828. 
Jarvia  Cap.  271. 
Jefferiaa  180. 
Jtthnson  Cap    killed  88. 
Jon«s  Can.  288. 

K. 

Keekamuit  84^ 

Kennebeck  171 

Keyes  Solomon, "-  luuded  888. 

HiokapPM  846. 

Kinban  Thona»,  killed  818. 

King  Cap.  20  J.  [siii 

Kingt  no  socb  dignity  among  Indiana 

Kit?  0tr  Dnvtd  ISO. 

Laraarel61,28tt,J64. 

Lake 41* 

Lrke  Cap.,  killed  168. 
Lamb  Cap.  Joshua  282,  281. 
Lancaster  64,  288. 
LarkingLCap.  A86. 
Latcril  nir.  ^36. 
Lathrop  Cap.  Joseph  200. 
Lathrop  Cap.,  killed  64.         .     , 
L^Ahr<^  John  181.  '"*■ 

Lee  Abraham,  killed  168. 
Lee  Mrs.  168, 164. 
Lee  Re^.  Samuelzit,  188. 
Lvitter  Edward  287.  it'^< 

Leverett  Gov.   John  52,  dies  145, 
Lishtfoot  Cap.  100, 104,  '6,  111,  167. 
Little)>Yes  25,  taken  99,  104. 
LUtlefield  Cap.  John  200,  208. 
Lovewell  Capo  John  880  to  886. 

M. 
Magnus  Queen  108, 108. 
Makin  Thomas  zvi,  148,  846. 
Manhattans  SOS. 
Mansell  Sir  Robert  220. 
Malagash827, 

Maquas224.  -     i^:  r 

Maquoit     >,  206.  -^   : 

March  Cap.  206, 286. 
Margew>u  Bdmund  296,  287. 
M4rIbo^>uKh64,65 
MarshallCap.,  killed  68. 
Jiwtia  Mr.  Christopher  297. 


Martyn  Richard  206. 

Mason  Cap.  John  806,  807,  808. 

Mason  Samnel  160.  [801,  840. 

1*1jws8oit  xiii,  18,94, 110. 188, 184, 

Mumalia  xii,  xiv,  20,  22, 

,     47,  OO,  6o,  126,  145, 169,  170, 

Hi,  176,177,  179,  184, 187,  189, 

Iftl.  192.  202,  206,  207, 210, 213, 

220,  240, 241,  815,  817,  888, 841. 

Mattapoiset  U2,  105. 

Mattaioag  104. 

Mk»«eWT«r. "^. 

MayfloWft".  rli.^  ,^4.  . 

Mayr  point  191.  '  , 

Med6eld  64.  .  \ 

Menis  281,  taken  274. 

Menival  G><>v.  278. 

Merrymectin|[  bay 

Metacomet  xiii. 

Middleborough  51,  66,  98. 

Miles  Rev.  John  81,  82. 

Minot's  Hist.  214. 

Mogg,  killed  880. 

Mohawks  64,  68, 142,  224, 

MohogaQs  17. 

Moi^egan  229. 

Moifbgenest  138., 

Mooanom  184. 

Monopoide  Wfi 

Montinicus  161»2B5. 

Montreal  224,  820. 

Morse  and  Parish's  Hist.  Neweng- 
land  124,389.840. 

Morse's  Annals  81,  124, 126, 188. 

Morton's  Memorial  xiii,  28,  27,  28» 
30,  39,  138,  134,  154,  248,  251, 
289,  296,  296,  298,  299,  801. 

Mortr^n  Thomas  23,  24. 

Moiiely  Cap.  ;:3amuel  66,  67. 

Mossipee  184,  288. 

Moulton  Cap.  326,  828,  829, 880. 

Mnunthope  22. 

MulUns  Mr.  William  287. 

Munponset  94,  96. 

Myrick  Cap.  Isaac  !J62,  284,  281. 

•   N. 

Namskek'     ^09.  [108. 

Nanunttc         tal    n  107,  put  to  death 
Narragans<^tej  xiii    17,  18,  number  of 

in  1676,  20,  86,  54. 
Naskeag  236, 262. 
Nathaniel  129, 180, 181. 
Nauset  299. 

Neff  Miss  Mary  815,  816, 811^ 
^emasket96.  -.i^'l 

jNetops  67,  91.  .^^S c»»ae>^: 

INewengland  gift  284.  /aSi3^ir.mf.«*f'^ 


-el 


Vh 


INDKX. 


U$ 


. « 


109. 

B«th 


|ri^i■^!. 


Nawiehwanaoek  818. 

NieholMn  Col.  iSfi,  218,  817. 

Nibantick  807. 

Ninigret  104,  108. 

Nipmucks  58,  66.  89. 

Nipnot  91. 

Nomquid  86. 

Norridf  wock  287,  829. 

Northfwia  64. 

Norton  C«p.,  killed  808,  .^4. 

Nunnaquahquat  39. 

Nunnuit  Peter  27,  67. 

o. 

01d>^3m  Mr.  John,  killed  808,  804,'5. 

Omens  20,  126. 

Osamekin  840. 

Otis  James  zii. 

Owens  Col.,  killed  847, 

P. 

Paine  Lieut.  John  228. 

Passammaquoddy  236. 

Patuxnt  51. 

Paugus,  killed  884. 

Pa'vcatuck  river  807. 

Peasfield  battle  87  to  46. 

Pejepsc.    179, 1»44 190,  206. 

Pemmaq-    '209,210,219. 

Penn  Go.     Tohn  848- 

Pcnn  Gov.  iVilliam  84.^. 

Peuhallow'    Hidt.  wi,  184, 185,208, 

256, 257.  25ii,  :»69,  260,  261,  276, 

277, 284,  824,  825,  SSO,  832,  888. 
Pennacook  >iil,  186.  ^ 

Peperel  Mr.  264. 
Pequots  17,  war  with  802. 
Perpodack  192. 
Pe^er67,77,84,  88,124. 
Philip  King  xiii,  origin  of  his 

18,  killed  128. 
Philips  Gov.  326. 
Phillips'  garrison  811. 
Fhips  Si?  Wm.  162,  154, 163,  176, 

177,  207,  208, 212, 214,  216,  284, 

278,  839. 
Pierce  Cap.  64,  killed  72. 
Pigwocket  161,  831. 
Pike  Mai.  Robert  182, 183, 184, 203. 
Pitkin  Wm.  160. 
Plaisted  Lieut.  203. 
Plaisted  Roger  196,  killed  313. 
Plumcr  Col.  Daniel  ?57. 
Plumer  Gov.  Wm.  20$.. 
Plymouth  17,  66.    ,&  .,:,,^  ,j^,^  , 
Pocasset  19,  £1.         '-  .i3r- 

Pokanoket  ziii,  18,  22,  29. 
Popham  Sir  John  171.      ■■■^i^^i^'' 


Poppasqudsh  127,  129. 

Potook  68. 

Prentice  Cap.  ThoOMfSl,  66,  60. 

Prince  Gov.  18,  889. 

Prince'N  Chronolaty  vii,  aiil,  M,  M| 

186,  289,  294,  m 
Pring  Martin  288. 
Proud's  Hist,  ivi,  148,  842,  846. 
Provi4eaoe  64. 
Pumham,  killed  66,  63, 104. 
Funkttees  battle  37  to  46. 
PurchaM  Mr. 800. 

a 

Quabaog  68, 119. 
Quadequinah  110. 
Quaucut  89. 
Quebeck  177,  284. 
qunnafiin  103, 104,  Hi. 

R. 

Ralegh  Sir  Walter  287,  293. 
Ralle  Sebastian  326,  829,  killed  888 
Ramsdel  Joseph  194. 
Rehoboth  86,  64. 
Ridgdale  J(*hn  296,  297. 
RoWtson's  Hist.  Amer.  XV.  80f 
Robins  Lieut.,  kttkNl  884. 

Robinson  Mr. ,  killed  812 

Robinson  Jojin  826,  887. 
Robinson  Rev.  John  290. 
Rogers  Cap.  Gm.  266,  267,  28t 
Rogers  Tho«.  297. 
Rouville  321,  822. 
Rowlandson  Mrs.  108. 
Russel's  garrison  61* 

Sabatis  887,  kiU«d  888. 
Sabin  87. 
Saehueeset  86.' 
Sagadahoek  171,201. 
(^amoset  801. 

Sandford  Mai.  102. 110,  111. 
Sassacus,  kiUed  806. 
Sassamon  19, 21,  27. 
Savage  Ensiga  8A. 
Savage  Maj.  86,  86. 
Scattacook  68,  820. 
Sdieuactada  318. 
Schuyler  Maj.  310,  821. 
Scituato  65. 
Sconticut  104. 

Scottaway  Cap.  172, 178«  179. 
Shanelcre,  killed  236. 
Sharkee  Mons.  260,  '7,  *9, 1 
Sharp  Lieut.,  kilM  7p. 
Shawomet  56> 


\    I 


'... 


^60 


INDEX 


■■»tn 


BkakU  »9. 

Smanitox  178.  IM. 

Smitii  Gap.  John  SU.  188, 881. 

Smith  Cap.  Thoa*  lB8, 1, 281. 


Vaoihaa  Rf^.  188,  801. 
yaadrauil  Oo?.  868,  MB,  881, 818. 
Ylllaaa  Cap.  188. 
Tillabon  IM.  881,  *4,  '8.  Ml. 
Vir|inia,  aneiant  limits  of  888, 

w. 

WachuMt  88,  80. 
Wadaworth  Cap.,  iiilM  78. 


Smith  Mai.  88,  OS.  '  [81«.  8lSi  Waldron  Mi^.  101,  kilM  101 

Smith's  Hist.  Newyofk  xi'.N  08, 180,  Wallaiton  Cap.  84. 
SmithsoB  Cap.  ISif.  WaUey  John  100, 177,  207,  810. 

Snow's  Hist.  Boston  146«  17&  Wallan  Cap.  184,  '5,  208,  '0,  '84. 

Sogkonataix,  10.  Waamsit  04. 

Soghonasset  74.  Wampanoags  siii,  48. 

Souls  GMrg6  207.  rl81»  887.  Wamporo,  value  of  141, '8. 

Southaok  Cap.  Gypriaa  288,  800.  Wamsutta  184. 

Warren  Mr.  Richard  297. 

Warwick  00, 08,  04. 

Weetaroore  27,  88, 47,*8, 80,  %  108k 

WepQiset87. 

Wequash  007. 

WessaffuaMt  24. 

Weymouth  04. 

Wheelwright  Csq.  John  20O,  '8. 

White  Mr.  WAi.  897. 

Wileos  Danisf  17. 

Willard  Cap.  9haton  100, 180. 
Sullinui's  Hist.  Maihe  100, 108, 104,  WiUard  M^  1(4. 


Southworth  Nath.  M.  170, 192, 198. 
Speedwell,  a  ahip  294. 
Squokeag  04. 
Squando  800. 

Squanaaeonk  111,  182,  180. 
Squanto  801. 
Iltandish  Cap.  184.  297. 
Stone  Cap.  JMI|S,M4. 
wmi 


Stoufbton  OoY. 
Sttberease  Got.  270. 
Sudbury  08,  09,  70. 


210. 


'0,*9, 171,  '0, »»,  180,  »7,  '9, 190, 
1,  %  214, 222,  %  *0. 280,'7, 811 

T. 

Taconnot  214,  828. 
Talcot  Maj.  106. 117,  '8. 
Teoumseh  848,  SBO,  '1,  killed  882. 
Tilley  Edward  280,  297. 
Tilley  John  298,  297. 
Tinker  Thomas  297. 
Tippecanoe  battle  847.    [death  MO. 
Tispaquia  90.  .115,  148,  *4,  put  to 
TockvndMitr. 
TolosQU  lis,  '10,  '18,  '19. 
Treat  Ma).  Roib«rt  04,  04. 
TrumbulPs  Hbt.  U.  S.  xiii,  20,  29, 

00.08,  141,  819;  820, 880. 
Trumbull's  Hist.  Cfon.  29,  87, 88, 68, 

'0.  02,  08,  78,  108,  '8.  180,  200. 
Tuisset  339.  [a08,'7. 

Turner  Cap.  08,  '9, 808. 
Turner  John  297. 
Tyaakt  100,  124. 

Umpame  28. 

Uneas,  kUled  888. 

ynderhiU  Cap.  808,  80t.       ^• 


WtttiamsCap.  188. 

Williams'  Hist.  Vermont  821,  *$. 

Williamson  Gap.  Caleb  208, 281. 

Williamson's  Hist.  N.  Car.  08. 

Wniiams  Re?.  John  284,  S2l»  *9^ 

Williams  Ret.  Refer  2B»  08. 

WiUiamsThosBasWr. 

Wincol  John  200,  814. 

Winepang  828. 

Wipmpissaukee  320. 

Wipslow  Gilbert  297. 

Winslow  Hon.  Josiah  20,  80,  82. 

85,  60^  04, 8a£j47. 
Wiwdow  Josiah  888. 
Winslow  Mr.  Edward  28,  94. 188. 

IJM,  147,  |97,  302,  840, 
Winthrop  Gov.  John  82. 
Wihthrop's  Hist.    Neweng.  24,  f]. 

90, 104, 145,  203,  803,  »1. 
Wisememet,  killed  830. 
Witchcraft  108. 198,  210,  288,  211, 
Woosamcquin  133,  184.  ' 
Worumbos  180, 187,  '9  '94, 
Wyman  Seth  ^2,  '4. 

Y. 

York  Joseph  9J|8,  88l>v  i«i 


'W? 


Vi 


/  /  y  /  /  v  / 


/s^\ 


/ 


Mft 


^ 


'A 


/ 


.p#v 


n. 


v<r'---ft? 


'^^C?*" 


«>^» 


